24-571: Kallanai (also known as the Grand Anicut ) is an ancient dam built by Karikala of Chola dynasty in 150 CE. It was built (in running water) across the Kaveri river flowing from Tiruchirapalli District to Thanjavur district , Tamil Nadu , India . Even though it is nearer to Trichy,the dam is located in Thanjavur district, 15 km from Tiruchirapalli and 45 km from Thanjavur . It
48-405: A population of 2,405,890 with a sex-ratio of 1,035 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. 35.39% of the population lived in urban areas. A total of 238,598 were under the age of six, constituting 121,949 males and 116,649 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 18.91% and 0.15% of the population, respectively. The average literacy of the district
72-534: Is also located in the district. The Manora Fort is situated 20 km (12 mi) away from Pattukkottai and 60 km (37 mi) from Thanjavur in the village of Mallipattinam . The fort was built by Maratha ruler Serfoji II in 1814–1815 to commemorate the successful advance of the British over Napoléon Bonaparte . Overlooking the Bay of Bengal , the fort is hexagonal structure and has eight storeys, raising to
96-567: Is called the Kollidam (Coleroon); the other retains the name Kaveri, and empties into the Bay of Bengal at Poompuhar . On the seaward face of its delta are the seaports of Nagapattinam and Karaikal . The purpose of the Kallanai was to divert the waters of the Kaveri across the fertile delta region for irrigation via canals and to its northern delta branch Kollidam/Coleroon. Downstream of
120-620: Is located in Thanjavur district, 15 km from Tiruchirapalli and 45 km from Thanjavur . It is the fourth oldest water-diversion or water-regulator structure in the world and the oldest in India that is still in use. Because of its spectacular architecture, it is one of the prime tourist spots in Tamil Nadu. The dam was originally built by King Karikalan of the Chola Dynasty in c. 100 – c. 150 CE . It
144-567: Is located on the river in Thanjavur district , exactly 14 km from the city of Tiruchirappalli and 45 km from the city of Thanjavur. The idea behind the construction of the dam was to divert the river to the delta districts thereby boosting irrigation. This dam was re-modeled by the British during the 19th century. In 1804, Captain Caldwell, a military engineer, was appointed by
168-488: Is still in excellent condition, and supplied a model to later engineers, including Sir Arthur Cotton 's 19th-century dam across the Kollidam, the major distributary of the Kaveri. The area irrigated by the ancient irrigation network is about 69,000 acres (28,000 ha ). By the early 20th century, the irrigated area had been increased to about one million acres (400,000 ha). The delta farmers of Tamil Nadu have demanded
192-430: Is still in excellent condition, and supplied a model to later engineers, including Sir Arthur Cotton 's 19th-century dam across the Kollidam, the major distributary of the Kaveri. The area irrigated by the ancient irrigation network is about 69,000 acres (28,000 ha ). By the early 20th century, the irrigated area had been increased to about one million acres (400,000 ha). The delta farmers of Tamil Nadu have demanded
216-413: Is the fourth oldest water-diversion or water-regulator structure in the world and the oldest in India that is still in use. Because of its spectacular architecture, it is one of the prime tourist spots in Tamil Nadu. The dam was originally built by King Karikalan of the Chola Dynasty in c. 100 – c. 150 CE . It is located on the river in Thanjavur district , exactly 14 km from
240-470: Is the largest producer of coconut in Tamil Nadu. Being an agrarian economy, industrial growth in the district is mainly confined to agro-based industries. Many rice mills and oil mills are spread over the district. Thanjavur's Brihadisvara Temple (known also as Rajarajesvaram or Peruvudaiyār Kōvil), built by the Cholas and now a UNESCO World Heritage Site , is one of the largest of its kind and also one of
264-479: The Kollidam River (Coleroon) thus preventing formation of silt. The Lower Anaicut built by Sir Arthur Cotton in the 19th century across Coleroon, the major tributary of Cauvery is said to be a replicated structure of Kallanai. The Kaveri river splits into two at a point 20 miles (32 km) west of Kallanai. The two rivers form the island of Srirangam before joining at Kallanai. The northern channel
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#1732779531733288-479: The island of Srirangam before joining at Kallanai. The northern channel is called the Kollidam (Coleroon); the other retains the name Kaveri, and empties into the Bay of Bengal at Poompuhar . On the seaward face of its delta are the seaports of Nagapattinam and Karaikal . The purpose of the Kallanai was to divert the waters of the Kaveri across the fertile delta region for irrigation via canals and to its northern delta branch Kollidam/Coleroon. Downstream of
312-423: The British to make a study on the Kaveri river and promote irrigation for the delta region. He found that a large amount of water passed onto the Kollidam leaving behind a small volume for irrigation purposes. Caldwell initially proposed a solution by raising the dam and hence raised the dam stones to a height of 69 centimetres (27 in), thus increasing the capacity of the dam. Following this, Major Sim proposed
336-400: The Tamil Nadu government to honor Karikala Cholan , who built this dam. Kallanai Kallanai (also known as the Grand Anicut ) is an ancient dam built by Karikala of Chola dynasty in 150 CE. It was built (in running water) across the Kaveri river flowing from Tiruchirapalli District to Thanjavur district , Tamil Nadu , India . Even though it is nearer to Trichy,the dam
360-627: The Tamil Nadu government to honor Karikala Cholan , who built this dam. Thanjavur district Thanjavur district is one of the 38 districts of the state of Tamil Nadu , in southeastern India . Its headquarters is Thanjavur (Tanjore) . The district is located in the delta of the Cauvery River and is mostly agrarian. The district is located at 10°05′N 79°10′E / 10.08°N 79.16°E / 10.08; 79.16 in Central Tamil Nadu bounded on
384-429: The barrage, the river Kaveri splits into four streams known as Kollidam Aru, Kaveri, Vennaru and Puthu Aru . However, the flood waters can be allowed, by opening the barrage/anaicut gates, to pass through the other three delta branches also to join the sea. It is constructed from unhewn stone spanning the Kaveri and is 329 m (1,079 ft) long, 20 m (66 ft) wide and 5.4 m (18 ft) high. The dam
408-427: The barrage, the river Kaveri splits into four streams known as Kollidam Aru, Kaveri, Vennaru and Puthu Aru . However, the flood waters can be allowed, by opening the barrage/anaicut gates, to pass through the other three delta branches also to join the sea. It is constructed from unhewn stone spanning the Kaveri and is 329 m (1,079 ft) long, 20 m (66 ft) wide and 5.4 m (18 ft) high. The dam
432-400: The city of Tiruchirappalli and 45 km from the city of Thanjavur. The idea behind the construction of the dam was to divert the river to the delta districts thereby boosting irrigation. This dam was re-modeled by the British during the 19th century. In 1804, Captain Caldwell, a military engineer, was appointed by the British to make a study on the Kaveri river and promote irrigation for
456-413: The delta region. He found that a large amount of water passed onto the Kollidam leaving behind a small volume for irrigation purposes. Caldwell initially proposed a solution by raising the dam and hence raised the dam stones to a height of 69 centimetres (27 in), thus increasing the capacity of the dam. Following this, Major Sim proposed the idea of undersluices across the river with outlets leading to
480-488: The finest examples of classical Dravidian architecture in the world. Airavateswara Temple , in Darasuram , near Kumbakonam , has also been designated part of the same UNESCO World Heritage site and forms another major tourist attraction of the district. The green paddy fields of the Kaveri river valley provide a picturesque setting for these and other important ancient monuments of the district. Prathyangira Devi Temple
504-411: The idea of undersluices across the river with outlets leading to the Kollidam River (Coleroon) thus preventing formation of silt. The Lower Anaicut built by Sir Arthur Cotton in the 19th century across Coleroon, the major tributary of Cauvery is said to be a replicated structure of Kallanai. The Kaveri river splits into two at a point 20 miles (32 km) west of Kallanai. The two rivers form
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#1732779531733528-469: The northeast by Mayiladuthurai district , on the east by Tiruvarur District , on the south by the Palk Strait of Bay of Bengal on the west by Pudukkottai District and Tiruchirappalli , small border with Cuddalore on the northeast and on the north by the river Kollidam , across which lie part of Tiruchirappalli , and Ariyalur districts. According to the 2011 census , Thanjavur district had
552-503: The time of the 2011 census, 97.42% of the population spoke Tamil and 1.07% Saurashtra as their first language. Thanjavur district lies in the Kaveri delta, the most fertile region in the state. The district is the main rice producing region in the state and hence known as the Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu. The Kaveri River and its tributaries irrigate the district. Apart from paddy, farmers here grow coconut and sugarcane and it
576-493: Was 74.44%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The district had a total of 605,363 households. There were a total of 974,079 workers, comprising 117,321 cultivators, 327,673 main agricultural labourers, 26,430 in house hold industries, 363,060 other workers, 139,595 marginal workers, 12,592 marginal cultivators, 87,688 marginal agricultural labourers, 4,770 marginal workers in household industries and 34,545 other marginal workers. Languages of Thanjavur district (2011) At
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