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39-449: Grappling is a fighting technique based on throws , trips, sweeps , clinch fighting , ground fighting and submission holds . Grappling contests often involve takedowns and ground control , and may end when a contestant concedes defeat. Should there be no winner after the match time-limit has lapsed, competition judges will determine the winner based on who exerted more control. Grappling most commonly does not include striking or

78-441: A leg reap , the attacker uses one of their legs to reap one or both of their opponent's legs off the ground. Generally the opponent's weight is placed on the leg that is reaped away. This coupled with the attacker controlling the opponent's body with their hands causes the opponent to fall over. Common leg reaps are judo's Ouchi Gari , Kouchi Gari , Osoto Gari , and Kosoto Gari . There are similar techniques in wrestling, including

117-433: A back arch). Variations of the suplex are common in most forms of wrestling and sometimes used in mixed martial arts competition. In Judo, the ura-nage throw is a version of the suplex, but it is classified as a sacrifice throw. Some of the more common throwing techniques are listed below. This is not an exhaustive list and the techniques may be referred to by other names in different styles. An English translation and

156-441: A common Japanese equivalent are given. ( Wayback Machine copy) Knee (strike) A knee strike (commonly referred to simply as a knee ) is a strike with the knee , either with the kneecap or the surrounding area. Kneeing is a disallowed practice in many combat sports , especially to the head of a downed opponent . Styles such as kickboxing and several mixed martial arts organizations allow kneeing depending on

195-427: A great way for kids to develop both physical and mental skills in a safe and supportive environment. The North American Grappling Association (NAGA) is an organization started in 1995 that holds submission grappling and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu tournaments throughout North America and Europe . NAGA is the largest submission grappling association in the world with over 175,000 participants worldwide, including some of

234-432: A knee strike very similar to a front knee, except that it is performed in stand-up fighting by jumping, and often by rushing towards the opponent. A more reckless application of the flying knee strike can be applied by rotating the body so that the side of the knee strikes the opponent, used more as an offensive pushing attack rather than a concussive KO attack. Generally, flying knee strikes can be effectively applied when

273-590: A specific grade and higher due to the element of danger that is placed upon both the uke (receiver) and the tori (thrower). A hip throw involves using the thrower's hip as a pivot point, by placing the hip in a lower position than an opponent's center of gravity. There are several types of hip throws such as O Goshi , which is often taught first to novices. Hip throws in Judo are called Koshi Waza, and in Aikido or Sumo they are called koshinage. Pickups involve lifting

312-540: A stretcher. At K-1 Hero's 5 , Norifumi Yamamoto knocked out Kazuyuki Miyata with a flying knee at four seconds into the first round. 3 time K-1 champion Remy Bonjasky is known for his flying knees. Japanese professional wrestling , in keeping with its martial arts roots, has many wrestlers utilizing knees in matches. Tomomi Tsuruta used a jumping knee as one of his signature moves, inspired by kickboxer Tadashi Sawamura . Takashi Sugiura and Jun Akiyama are known for their effective knee strikes. José Aldo landed

351-403: A sweep or reversal. In some disciplines, especially those where the guard is used, the bottom grappler may also be able to finish the fight from the bottom by a submission hold. Some people feel more confident on the bottom because of the large number of submissions that can be accomplished from having the opponent in full-guard. When unskilled fighters get embroiled in combat, a common reaction

390-434: A throw which involves upsetting the opponent’s balance and pulling the opponent over the shoulder is referred to as seoi-otoshi (背負落とし, "Back Drop"). Seoi-nage is one of the most used throws in judo competition. One study indicated that approximately 56% of judokas implemented the technique. A common shoulder throw is judo's ippon seoinage ("Single-Handed Back Throw") or the similar flying mare in wrestling . In

429-438: Is positioning and obtaining a dominant position. A dominant position (usually on top) allows the dominant grappler a variety of options, including: attempting to escape by standing up, obtaining a pin or hold-down to control and exhaust the opponent, executing a submission hold, or striking the opponent. The bottom grappler is, on the other hand, concerned with escaping the situation and improving their position, typically by using

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468-460: Is a first time no "Gi" event series in India. Throw (grappling) There are several major types of throw, among Asian martial arts , Judo has the most developed throwing techniques and throws are considered its specialty. Most throws are named by describing the circumvention point of the throw (e.g., hip throw, shoulder throw, wrist throw etc.), or the nature of effect of the throw on

507-429: Is a major part of combat glima and Løse-tak sport glima, and the fight continues on the ground if both combatants end up there. In other martial sports such as MMA , the fight may continue on the ground. Ground grappling refers to all the grappling techniques that are applied while the grapplers are no longer in a standing position. A large part of most martial arts and combat sports which feature ground grappling

546-561: Is arguably an integral part of all grappling and clinch fighting arts, considering that two combatants generally start fighting from a stand-up position. The aim of stand-up grappling varies according to the martial arts or combat sports in question. Defensive stand-up grappling concerns itself with pain-compliance holds and escapes from possible grappling holds applied by an opponent, while offensive grappling techniques include submission holds , trapping , takedowns and throws , all of which can be used to inflict serious damage, or to move

585-866: Is armed. Their practice is significantly more dangerous than unarmed grappling and generally requires a great deal of training. There are many different regional styles of grappling around the world that are practiced within a limited geographic area or country. Several martial arts and fighting disciplines employ grappling techniques, such as judo , Brazilian jiu-jitsu , Cornish wrestling , catch wrestling , shoot wrestling , submission grappling , sambo , hapkido and several types of wrestling including freestyle and Greco-Roman have gained global popularity. Judo, Freestyle Wrestling, and Greco-Roman Wrestling are Olympic Sports while Grappling, Brazilian Jiu-jitsu and Sambo have their own World Championship Competitions. Other known grappling-oriented systems are sumo , shuai jiao , malla-yuddha and aikido . In these arts,

624-583: Is called dumog in Eskrima . The term chin na in Chinese martial arts deals with the use of grappling to achieve submission or incapacitation of the opponent (these may involve the use of acupressure points). Some Chinese martial arts, aikido , some eskrima systems, the Viking martial art of glima, as well as medieval and Renaissance European martial arts, practice grappling while one or both participants

663-476: Is the double collar tie , where the head of the opponent is controlled. On the ground, front knees can be effective from a few top positions such as the Side control and north-south position . Typical targets for the front knee include the head, hips , ribs , solar plexus , stomach and thighs . In Muay Thai, a double collar tie with a front knee to the face was traditionally called Hak Kor Aiyara . The groin

702-546: Is the "Knee of Justice" used by Captain Falcon in the Super Smash Bros. series. Provided that it makes impact with the head, a flying knee offers substantial momentum and knockout power . This spectacular strike is a crowd-pleaser in fighting sports such as K-1 ( kickboxing ) and MMA. In one UFC bout, James Irvin knocked out Terry Martin with a flying knee; Martin was unresponsive for three minutes and left on

741-518: Is the international governing body for the sport of wrestling. It presides over international competitions for various forms of wrestling, including Grappling for men and women. The flagship Grappling's event of UWW is the Grappling World Championships. Grappling is a dynamic sport that incorporates elements of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, wrestling, and other martial arts, focusing on ground control, positioning, and submissions. It’s

780-552: Is the most prestigious submission grappling tournament in the world and is held biannually. The World Jiu-Jitsu Championship , also commonly called the Mundials (Portuguese for "Worlds"), is the most prestigious jacketed full range (takedown, position, and submission inclusive) grappling tournament in the world. The event also hosts a non-jacketed division (no gi), but that sub-event is not as prestigious as ADCC in terms of pure non-jacketed competition. United World Wrestling (UWW)

819-431: Is to grab the opponent in an attempt to slow the situation down by holding them still, resulting in an unsystematic struggle that relies on brute force. A skilled fighter, in contrast, can perform takedowns as a way of progressing to a superior position such as a Mount (grappling) or side control , or using clinch holds and ground positions to set up strikes, choke holds, and joint locks. A grappler who has been taken down to

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858-493: Is utilized in different fighting systems varies. Some systems, such as amateur wrestling , pehlwani , judo and Brazilian jiu-jitsu are exclusively grappling arts and do not allow striking. Some other grappling arts allow some limited forms of striking, for example in sumo and in combat jiu jitsu it is possible to strike with open hands (slapping). Many combat sports , such as shooto and mixed martial arts competitions, use both grappling and striking extensively as part of

897-424: Is widely considered the key target for knee strikes and clinch knee attacks in a street fight according to karate, tae kwon do, muay thai, and many other martial arts. The curved knee (also sometimes called a side knee or roundhouse knee ) is similar to the front knee except that it does not use a forward thrusting motion, but is instead rotated from the outside. Whereas the front knee needs some space in between

936-507: The positioning of the fighters. Knee strikes are native to the traditional Southeast Asian martial arts and traditional Okinawan martial arts . The straight knee (also known as a front knee ) is a typical knee strike, and involves thrusting the front of the knee into the head or body of an opponent. The straight knee can be applied from a stand-up position both when the combatants are separated, or when they are clinching . A particularly effective clinching position for throwing front knee

975-667: The cloth to control the opponent's body, while the "no- gi " form emphasizes body control of the torso and head using only the natural holds provided by the body. The use of a jacket is compulsory in judo competition, sambo competition, and most Brazilian jiu-jitsu competition, as well as a variety of folk wrestling styles around the world. Jackets are not used in many forms of wrestling, such as Olympic Freestyle, Greco-Roman wrestling and Grappling. Grappling techniques are also used in mixed martial arts along with striking techniques. Strikes can be used to set up grappling techniques and vice versa. The ADCC Submission Fighting World Championship

1014-455: The combatants to be performed, the curved knee can be executed from a minimal distance, such as in a close clinch . This technique is often employed when an opponent is attempting to protect from a straight knee. Typical targets include floating ribs , hips , and the side of the abdomen . A flying knee (known as hanuman thayarn in Muay Thai , and sometimes called a jumping knee ) is

1053-431: The fight to the ground. Stand-up grappling can also be used both offensively and defensively simultaneously with striking , either to trap an opponent's arms while striking, prevent the opponent from obtaining sufficient distance to strike effectively, or to bring the opponent close to apply, for instance, knee strikes . In combat sports, stand-up grappling usually revolves around successful takedowns and throws. Grappling

1092-665: The fighters. Examples of these include boxing , kickboxing , taekwondo , karate , and fencing . While prolonged grappling in Muay Thai will result in a separation of the competitors, the art extensively uses the clinch hold known as a double collar tie . Grappling techniques and defenses to grappling techniques are also considered important in self-defense applications and in law enforcement . The most common grappling techniques taught for self-defense are escapes from holds and application of pain compliance techniques . Grappling can be trained for self-defense, sport, and mixed martial arts ( MMA ) competition. Stand-up grappling

1131-667: The ground can use defensive positions such as the Guard (grappling), which protects against being mounted or attacked. If a grappler is strong and can utilize leverage well, a takedown or throw itself can be a fight-ending maneuver; the impact can render an opponent unconscious. On the other hand, grappling also offers the possibility of controlling an opponent without injuring them. For this reason, most police staff receive some training in grappling. Likewise, grappling sports have been devised so that their participants can compete using full physical effort without injuring their opponents. Grappling

1170-681: The inside and outside trips. Somewhat similar to leg reaps involve a hooking or lifting action with the attacking leg instead of a reaping action. The border between the two types of throw can be unclear, and many throws will exhibit characteristics of both reaps and trips, however, the difference is that a reap is one smooth move, like that of a scythe , whereas a hook is pulling the opponents leg up first, and then swinging it away. Common leg trips are hooking variations of Ouchi Gari and Osoto Gari along with Kosoto Gake , referred to as inside and outside trips in Western wrestling. Sacrifice throws require

1209-525: The names of throws if they can associate the throws by the descriptive nature of the throw name. In Judo, throws are divided into six categories—hand techniques, leg techniques, hip techniques, shoulder techniques, as well as sacrifice throws to the rear and side. A shoulder throw involves throwing an opponent over the shoulder. A shoulder throw which lifts the opponent from the ground is in Japanese referred to as seoi-nage (背負い投げ, "Back Throw"), while

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1248-423: The object is either to take down and pin the opponent, or to catch the adversary in a specialized chokehold or joint lock which forces them to submit and admit defeat or be rendered helpless (unconscious or broken limbs). There are two forms of dress for grappling that dictate pace and style of action: with a jacket, such as a gi or kurtka, and without (No-Gi). The jacket, or "gi", form most often utilizes grips on

1287-505: The opponent (e.g., heaven and earth throw, valley drop, body drop) with variations being given descriptive names. The names used here are attributed to Jujutsu throws (and hence judo/ Aikido throws) are descriptions in Japanese. It is conventional for the Japanese to name their throws in this manner, and many western martial art dojos have given English names to the throws feeling that it is easier for English speaking students to remember

1326-415: The opponent is off-balanced, recovering from previous strikes, or as a counter to a strike by the opponent. It can also be used as a follow-up maneuver after delivering a particularly incapacitating strike. One example took place at a UFC event, where Jorge Masvidal knocked Ben Askren unconscious in 5 seconds with a flying knee when Askren shot in for a takedown. A famous flying knee strike in pop culture

1365-420: The opponent off the ground and then bringing them down again. Common pick-ups are lifting variations of the double leg takedown , Judo's Te Guruma or sukui nage (both classified as hand throws Ganseki otoshi ) and the suplex from wrestling, in which the attacker lifts their opponents body vertically and throws the opponent over their own center of gravity while executing a back fall (usually accompanied by

1404-417: The sport. Grappling is not allowed in some martial arts and combat sports, usually for the sake of focusing on other aspects of combat such as punching , kicking or mêlée weapons. Opponents in these types of matches, however, still grapple with each other occasionally when fatigued or in pain ; when either occurs, the referee will step in and restart the match, sometimes giving a warning to one or both of

1443-448: The thrower to move into a potentially disadvantageous position in order to be executed, such as falling to the ground. The momentum of the falling body adds power to the throw and requires comparatively little strength, compared to the effect. In Judo (as well as in other martial arts), these throws are called sutemi waza and are further divided into rear (ma sutemi waza) and side (yoko sutemi waza) throws. In Judo, these throws are limited to

1482-573: The top submission grapplers and MMA fighters in the world. NAGA grappling tournaments consist of gi and no-gi divisions. No-Gi competitors compete under rules drafted by NAGA. Gi competitors compete under standardized Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu rules. Notable Champions Frank Mir, Joe Fiorentino, Jon Jones, Khabib Nurmagomedov, Anthony Porcelli and Antonio Bustorff. GRiND is the first Indian Pro Grappling tournament series started in May 2017 conducting grappling championships (position and submission included). There

1521-450: The use of weapons . However, some fighting styles or martial arts known especially for their grappling techniques teach tactics that include strikes and weapons either alongside grappling or combined with it. Grappling techniques can be broadly subdivided into clinch fighting ; takedowns and throws ; submission holds and pinning or controlling techniques ; and sweeps , reversals, turnovers, and escapes. The degree to which grappling

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