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55-587: Grissom Aeroplex ( IATA : GUS , ICAO : KGUS , FAA LID : GUS ) is a public/military airport in Miami and Cass counties, near Peru, Indiana . The airport is also located 11 miles (18 km) north of the city of Kokomo . It is the civil redevelopment of the former Grissom Air Force Base , which was realigned as part of the 1991 Base Realignment and Closure Commission process. Grissom Aeroplex consists of 850+ acres and existing buildings under control of Miami County Economic Development Authority. It opened as

110-604: A general aviation airport on 1 March 2008 with no commercial airline service scheduled. Miami County Aviation serves as the fixed-base operator for the civilian airport operations. Grissom has one runway designated 05/23 with an asphalt surface measuring 12,501 by 200 feet (3,810 x 61   m). The two large aircraft aprons on the South of the approach end of runway 23 have been permanently deactivated and are used for semi-trailer storage and American autocross racing. IATA airport code The assignment of these codes

165-567: A new airport is built, replacing the old one, leaving the city's new "major" airport (or the only remaining airport) code to no longer correspond with the city's name. The original airport in Nashville, Tennessee, was built in 1936 as part of the Works Progress Administration and called Berry Field with the designation, BNA. A new facility known as Nashville International Airport was built in 1987 but still uses BNA. This

220-543: A stop in El Centro. By 1980, Hughes Airwest had transitioned to an all-jet fleet and was no longer serving Yuma. Following the cessation of service by Hughes Airwest, a number of commuter and regional airlines operated flights over the years into the airport. America West Airlines served Yuma as well with nonstop Boeing 737-200 jet service to its hub in Phoenix prior to being merged into US Airways . The following

275-585: A threat of conflict with the German Reich . The War Department needed facilities to train combat pilots and crews. Planning for the Yuma area, including a potential bombing range located between Yuma and Gila Bend, started in 1939 when a group of aeronautical experts toured the area. The Yuma County Board of Supervisors recommended Fly Field as a base for the Army Air Corps. Initially, Yuma County assumed

330-587: A world's record for endurance and distance. He entered a Transcontinental Air competition sponsored by William Randolph Hearst . Originating in Los Angeles, he arrived in Yuma on October 25. Over 2,000 spectators watched the aircraft circle and make a landing. The next day he succeeded in setting a world's record. In 1925, the Yuma Chamber of Commerce went to work to secure an airport for Yuma. After two years of negotiations, 40 acres (16 ha) of land

385-607: Is KNYL . Yuma International Airport covers an area of 3,100 acres (1,300 ha) at an elevation of 213 feet (65 m) above mean sea level . It has four runways : For the 12-month period ending December 31, 2017, the airport had 179,838 aircraft operations, an average of 493 per day: 53% military , 38% general aviation and 9% air carrier . At that time there were 171 aircraft based at this airport: 41% single- engine , 9% multi-engine, 2% jet , no helicopter , 1% ultralight and 47% military . Yuma's history of flight dates to 1911 when Robert Fowler took off from Yuma to set

440-509: Is GSN and its IATA code is SPN, and some coincide with IATA codes of non-U.S. airports. Canada's unusual codes—which bear little to no similarity with any conventional abbreviation to the city's name—such as YUL in Montréal , and YYZ in Toronto , originated from the two-letter codes used to identify weather reporting stations in the 1930s. The letters preceding the two-letter code follow

495-563: Is a joint use airport with civilian and military flight activity operated in conjunction with the U.S. Marine Corps via the Marine Corps Air Station Yuma . The airfield is located 3.5 miles (3.0  nmi ; 5.6  km ) south of the central business district of Yuma , a city in Yuma County , Arizona , United States , and 150 miles (130 nmi; 240 km) east of San Diego International Airport . It

550-549: Is a list of airlines and aircraft that served Yuma from 1974 through 1999 primarily with flights to Phoenix (PHX) and/or Los Angeles (LAX) with this information being taken from various editions of the Official Airline Guide (OAG) over the years: Another commuter airline that served Yuma was Air Cortez . In 1981, Air Cortez was operating nonstop service to Ontario, CA (ONT) with Beechcraft 18 prop aircraft. Air Cortez also operated international flights from

605-617: Is available. However, many railway administrations have their own list of codes for their stations, such as the list of Amtrak station codes . Airport codes arose out of the convenience that the practice brought pilots for location identification in the 1930s. Initially, pilots in the United States used the two-letter code from the National Weather Service (NWS) for identifying cities. This system became unmanageable for cities and towns without an NWS identifier, and

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660-435: Is considered by many to be the best example of a joint use airfield between civilian and military operators in the nation. AeroCare/Guardian Flight and Air Methods /TriState CareFlight provide air ambulance services to Yuma and the surrounding region. Each company operates both fixed and rotary wing aircraft. On April 1, 2011, Southwest Airlines Flight 812 with 118 passengers en route from Phoenix to Sacramento diverted to

715-523: Is different from the name in English, yet the airport code represents only the English name. Examples include: Due to scarcity of codes, some airports are given codes with letters not found in their names: The use of 'X' as a filler letter is a practice to create three-letter identifiers when more straightforward options were unavailable: Some airports in the United States retained their NWS ( National Weather Service ) codes and simply appended an X at

770-671: Is governed by IATA Resolution 763, and it is administered by the IATA's headquarters in Montreal , Canada. The codes are published semi-annually in the IATA Airline Coding Directory. IATA provides codes for airport handling entities, and for certain railway stations. Alphabetical lists of airports sorted by IATA code are available. A list of railway station codes , shared in agreements between airlines and rail lines such as Amtrak , SNCF , and Deutsche Bahn ,

825-513: Is in conjunction to rules aimed to avoid confusion that seem to apply in the United States, which state that "the first and second letters or second and third letters of an identifier may not be duplicated with less than 200 nautical miles separation." Thus, Washington, D.C. area's three airports all have radically different codes: IAD for Washington–Dulles , DCA for Washington–Reagan (District of Columbia Airport), and BWI for Baltimore (Baltimore–Washington International, formerly BAL). Since HOU

880-517: Is mostly used for military aviation, but is also served by one commercial airline and one aeromedical Medevac company as well as being used for general aviation activities. Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA , this airport is assigned NYL by the FAA and YUM by the IATA (which has not assigned NYL to any airport). The airport's ICAO identifier

935-495: Is not followed outside the United States: In addition, since three letter codes starting with Q are widely used in radio communication, cities whose name begins with "Q" also had to find alternate codes, as in the case of: IATA codes should not be confused with the FAA identifiers of U.S. airports. Most FAA identifiers agree with the corresponding IATA codes, but some do not, such as Saipan , whose FAA identifier

990-416: Is used for William P. Hobby Airport , the new Houston–Intercontinental became IAH. The code BKK was originally assigned to Bangkok–Don Mueang and was later transferred to Suvarnabhumi Airport , while the former adopted DMK. The code ISK was originally assigned to Gandhinagar Airport (Nashik's old airport) and later on transferred to Ozar Airport (Nashik's current airport). Shanghai–Hongqiao retained

1045-571: The Canadian transcontinental railroads were built, each station was assigned its own two-letter Morse code : When the Canadian government established airports, it used the existing railway codes for them as well. If the airport had a weather station, authorities added a "Y" to the front of the code, meaning "Yes" to indicate it had a weather station or some other letter to indicate it did not. When international codes were created in cooperation with

1100-512: The City of Yuma airplane's famous endurance flights, which highlighted the region's weather which was very conducive to flying. This was a topic of particular importance to the military. The airport became very active as a military facility during the Korean War, and was used extensively by the U.S. Air Force. In early 1951, the county supervisors received a Department of Defense proposal to lease

1155-457: The DC-9 jet flights to LAX operated continuing, no change of plane service to San Francisco , Portland, Oregon and Seattle via intermediate stops at other Air West destinations. Air West would then be renamed Hughes Airwest which in 1972 had ceased jet service into the airport but was still operating nonstop F-27 propjet flights to Phoenix with direct service to Los Angeles and San Diego via

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1210-465: The F-27 with nonstops to Phoenix as well as direct flights to Los Angeles, San Diego, Santa Ana and Tucson . In late 1970, Air West was serving the airport with Douglas DC-9-10 and McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30 jetliners with four flights a day including two nonstops to Phoenix (PHX) and two one-stop direct flights to Los Angeles (LAX) via an intermediate stop in El Centro (IPL). At this same time, one of

1265-523: The U.S. For example, several airports in Alaska have scheduled commercial service, such as Stebbins and Nanwalek , which use FAA codes instead of ICAO codes. Thus, neither system completely includes all airports with scheduled service. Some airports are identified in colloquial speech by their IATA code. Examples include LAX and JFK . Yuma International Airport Yuma International Airport ( IATA : YUM , ICAO : KNYL , FAA LID : NYL )

1320-481: The United States, because "Y" was seldom used in the United States, Canada simply used the weather station codes for its airports, changing the "Y" to a "Z" if it conflicted with an airport code already in use. The result is that most major Canadian airport codes start with "Y" followed by two letters in the city's name (for example, YOW for O tta w a , YWG for W innipe g , YYC for C algar y , or YVR for V ancouve r ), whereas other Canadian airports append

1375-451: The YCAA identified itself as an "aviation partner" with MCAS Yuma and that the civilian airport staff would work in a spirit of cooperation and goodwill with the military. The board unanimously approved the resolution. That first step initiated a transition between the two agencies. The term "aviation partner" became a focus of the airport in repairing the relationship. The result is what today

1430-721: The Yuma County Board of Supervisors created the Yuma County Airport Authority in accordance with the provisions of section 10-451, of the Arizona Revised Statutes, to take over the airport and all associated activity. A board of directors was elected from the community to oversee the Airport Authority and all airport functions. In 2007, the board of directors passed a resolution declaring that Yuma International Airport

1485-522: The airfield as a civilian-operated military training base with specific military and civilian sides. The Yuma County Board of Supervisors gave the U.S. Air Force a right of entry and, in 1956, the field was named Vincent Air Force Base. In 1959, control of the base was given to the United States Navy and then, nine days later, to the U.S. Marine Corps . The base was renamed Marine Corps Air Station Yuma (MCAS Yuma) on July 20, 1962. In 1965,

1540-404: The airport in 2011 and conducted flight tests of the new Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner . Boeing has in 2022 and 2024 conducted tests with the 777x in yuma. Over a span of many years the relationship between the airport and Marine Corps Air Station Yuma (MCAS Yuma) deteriorated to an exceptional degree. In October 2006, the Yuma County Airport Authority (YCAA) brought in a new management team to solve

1595-440: The airport itself instead of the city it serves, while another code is reserved which refers to the city itself which can be used to search for flights to any of its airports. For instance: Or using a code for the city in one of the major airports and then assigning another code to another airport: When different cities with the same name each have an airport, they need to be assigned different codes. Examples include: Sometimes,

1650-602: The airport with service to Guaymas , Loreto and Mulege in Mexico . The airport has been the location of flight testing of commercial jet airliners on several occasions in the past. In 1981, a wide body McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 in the livery of Continental Airlines was engaged in flight tests of new, retrofitted winglets. In 1990, McDonnell Douglas conducted flight tests with new McDonnell Douglas MD-11 wide body jetliners. In 1999, Boeing conducted flight tests with new Boeing 717-200 jetliners. Boeing then returned to

1705-418: The airport's former name, such as Orlando International Airport 's MCO (for Mc C o y Air Force Base), or Chicago's O'Hare International Airport , which is coded ORD for its original name: Or char d Field. In rare cases, the code comes from the airport's unofficial name, such as Kahului Airport 's OGG (for local aviation pioneer Jimmy H ogg ). In large metropolitan areas, airport codes are often named after

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1760-498: The burden of airfield maintenance and limited the use exclusively to Army and Navy aircraft. Money for the Fly Field expansion arrived early in 1941. Three separate government agencies pooled a total of $ 781,000 to initiate construction. By mid-year another $ 635,000 became available for re-paving the north–south runway. Between 1941 and 1942 two paved runways, each measuring 4,200 by 150 feet (1,280 by 46 m), were completed under

1815-502: The code SHA, while the newer Shanghai–Pudong adopted PVG. The opposite was true for Berlin : the airport Berlin–Tegel used the code TXL, while its smaller counterpart Berlin–Schönefeld used SXF; the Berlin Brandenburg Airport has the airport code BER, which is also part of its branding. The airports of Hamburg (HAM) and Hannover (HAJ) are less than 100 nautical miles (190 km) apart and therefore share

1870-614: The command of the 403rd Army Air Force Base Unit, Army Air Forces West Coast Training Center. In June 1942, the War Department authorized an additional $ 3 million. The first class of cadets arrived in January 1943 when the field was used for advanced pilot and gunnery training. In September 1946, Yuma Army Air Field was scaled back and declared a surplus. The civilian portion of the field was returned to Yuma County, who again referred to it as Fly Field. The Chamber of Commerce promoted

1925-934: The end. Examples include: A lot of minor airfields without scheduled passenger traffic have ICAO codes but not IATA codes, since the four letter codes allow more number of codes, and IATA codes are mainly used for passenger services such as tickets, and ICAO codes by pilots. In the US, such airfields use FAA codes instead of ICAO. There are airports with scheduled service for which there are ICAO codes but not IATA codes, such as Nkhotakota Airport/Tangole Airport in Malawi or Chōfu Airport in Tokyo, Japan. There are also several minor airports in Russia (e.g., Omsukchan Airport ) which lack IATA codes and instead use internal Russian codes for booking. Flights to these airports cannot be booked through

1980-557: The first three letters of the city in which it is located, for instance: The code may also be a combination of the letters in its name, such as: Sometimes the airport code reflects pronunciation, rather than spelling, namely: For many reasons, some airport codes do not fit the normal scheme described above. Some airports, for example, cross several municipalities or regions, and therefore, use codes derived from some of their letters, resulting in: Other airports—particularly those serving cities with multiple airports—have codes derived from

2035-478: The following format: Most large airports in Canada have codes that begin with the letter "Y", although not all "Y" codes are Canadian (for example, YUM for Yuma, Arizona , and YNT for Yantai , China), and not all Canadian airports start with the letter "Y" (for example, ZBF for Bathurst, New Brunswick ). Many Canadian airports have a code that starts with W, X or Z, but none of these are major airports. When

2090-597: The form of " YYZ ", a song by the rock band Rush , which utilizes the Morse code signal as a musical motif. Some airports have started using their IATA codes as brand names , such as Calgary International Airport (YYC) and Vancouver International Airport (YVR). Numerous New Zealand airports use codes that contain the letter Z, to distinguish them from similar airport names in other countries. Examples include HLZ for Hamilton , ZQN for Queenstown , and WSZ for Westport . Predominantly, airport codes are named after

2145-487: The international air booking systems or have international luggage transferred there, and thus, they are booked instead through the airline or a domestic booking system. Several heliports in Greenland have 3-letter codes used internally which might be IATA codes for airports in faraway countries. There are several airports with scheduled service that have not been assigned ICAO codes that do have IATA codes, especially in

2200-612: The name of the airport itself, for instance: This is also true with some cities with a single airport (even if there is more than one airport in the metropolitan area of said city), such as BDL for Hartford, Connecticut 's B ra dl ey International Airport or Baltimore's BWI, for B altimore/ W ashington I nternational Airport ; however, the latter also serves Washington, D.C. , alongside Dulles International Airport (IAD, for I nternational A irport D ulles) and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA, for D istrict of C olumbia A irport). The code also sometimes comes from

2255-416: The one they are located in: Other airport codes are of obscure origin, and each has its own peculiarities: In Asia, codes that do not correspond with their city's names include Niigata 's KIJ , Nanchang 's KHN and Pyongyang 's FNJ . EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg , which serves three countries, has three airport codes: BSL, MLH, EAP. Some cities have a name in their respective language which

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2310-569: The privilege of renewal for another 20 years at the same rate. President Calvin Coolidge signed the Yuma Aviation Bill on February 27, 1928. Almost immediately, the aviation committee started lining up activities for the airport. Yuma was selected to be a night stop for three transcontinental air races from New York to Los Angeles, and an international air race from Mexico to Los Angeles. The Chamber agreed to provide free gas and oil to

2365-409: The problem. On January 9, 2007, the new airport director presented a resolution to the YCAA board of directors which acknowledged that MCAS Yuma and YCAA share the use of the airfield, that MCAS Yuma was important to the nation's security, and that both MCAS Yuma and YCAA provide important economic benefits to the region through their respective aviation efforts. Most importantly, the resolution stated

2420-408: The racers, at an estimated cost of $ 2,000. Yuma was also selected to be a stop-over for the first All American Tour of 25 Airplanes. In June of that year, the military announced that a United States Meteorological and Aerological station would be constructed at Fly Field at a cost of $ 30,000 and would be manned by four Army personnel, marking the first military presence at Yuma's airport. In 1929, Yuma

2475-506: The same first and middle letters, indicating that this rule might be followed only in Germany. Many cities retain historical names in their airport codes, even after having undergone an official name/spelling/transliteration change: Some airport codes are based on previous names associated with a present airport, often with a military heritage. These include: Some airports are named for an administrative division or nearby city, rather than

2530-500: The station code of Malton, Mississauga , where it is located). YUL is used for Montréal–Trudeau (UL was the ID code for the beacon in the city of Kirkland , now the location of Montréal–Trudeau). While these codes make it difficult for the public to associate them with a particular Canadian city, some codes have become popular in usage despite their cryptic nature, particularly at the largest airports. Toronto's code has entered pop culture in

2585-515: The two-letter code of the radio beacons that were the closest to the actual airport, such as YQX in Gander or YXS in Prince George . Four of the ten provincial capital airports in Canada have ended up with codes beginning with YY, including: Canada's largest airport is YYZ for Toronto Pearson (as YTZ was already allocated to Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport , the airport was given

2640-529: The use of two letters allowed only a few hundred combinations; a three-letter system of airport codes was implemented. This system allowed for 17,576 permutations, assuming all letters can be used in conjunction with each other. Since the U.S. Navy reserved "N" codes, and to prevent confusion with Federal Communications Commission broadcast call signs , which begin with "W" or "K", the airports of certain U.S. cities whose name begins with one of these letters had to adopt "irregular" airport codes: This practice

2695-474: Was an "Aviation Partner" with MCAS Yuma. That partnership continues today, allows for unrestricted civil aviation use of the airfield facilities, including all runways and taxiways and promotes the security of the United States. The airport's FAA location identifier was YUM (ICAO: KYUM ) until June 2008, when it was changed to use MCAS Yuma's identifier of NYL (ICAO: KNYL ). The IATA airport code, used for passenger travel, remains YUM . Western Airlines

2750-408: Was needed to create a first-class landing field in Yuma. Intense negotiations resulted in a public/private land trade, along with a promise by the government to provide Fly Field a steel frame hangar capable of housing 12 airplanes. Congressman Douglas of Arizona introduced a bill asking for the lease of 640 acres (260 ha) of government land to Yuma County for 20 years at a cost of $ 1 per year, with

2805-460: Was operating Douglas DC-3 prop aircraft into the airport with a daily westbound routing of Phoenix - Blythe -Yuma-El Centro-San Diego- Santa Ana -Los Angeles. At this same time, Bonanza was operating a daily eastbound DC-3 service with a routing of Los Angeles-Santa Ana-San Diego-El Centro-Yuma-Blythe-Phoenix- Prescott - Kingman - Las Vegas . By 1963, Bonanza had retired the DC-3 from its fleet and

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2860-410: Was operating all flights into the airport with new Fairchild F-27 turboprop aircraft. In 1964, the airline was operating nonstop F-27 propjet service to Phoenix with direct, no change of plane flights to San Diego and Los Angeles via an intermediate stop in El Centro. In 1968, Bonanza merged with Pacific Air Lines and West Coast Airlines to form Air West which continued to serve the airport with

2915-515: Was secured from the federal government. The land was cleared, leveled, and the first hangar constructed. The 40 acres (16 ha) of land was officially designated as an active airport and named Fly Field after Colonel Ben Franklin Fly. In the beginning, Fly Field had limitations, including loose sand and a lack of facilities. In 1925, the Chamber's Aviation Committee decided another 160 acres (65 ha)

2970-473: Was selected as the first stop for the Women's Transcontinental Air Race. Amelia Earhart experienced landing problems and nosed her aircraft in the soft sand, destroying her propeller. A new propeller and mechanics were flown in from Los Angeles to make repairs so she could continue in the race. Fly Field experienced a downturn during the depression; but in the late 1930s it became clear that the United States faced

3025-477: Was serving the airport in the late 1940s with Douglas DC-3 flights to Los Angeles via stops at the Imperial County Airport (which serves El Centro ), San Diego and Long Beach . Bonanza Air Lines , a "local service" air carrier as defined by the federal Civil Aeronautics Board ( CAB ), began serving Yuma during the early 1950s. According to its March 1, 1953, system timetable, Bonanza

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