19-696: Guines may refer to: Güines , a city in Cuba Guînes , a commune in France Similar spellings [ edit ] Gines (disambiguation) Güeñes , municipality in Biscay, Spain Guinness (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Guines . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
38-410: A fertile plain, Bertin, knowing that his death was not far off, appointed Rigobert as his successor, while he himself spent the remainder of his life preparing for a happy death. Bertin began to be venerated as a saint soon after his death. His feast day is celebrated on 5 September. Mummolin, perhaps because he was the oldest of the missionaries, was abbot of the two monasteries until he succeeded
57-723: A few days of desperate fighting, however, Grey was wounded and his soldiers refused to fight on. The French gave honourable terms of surrender and English rule of the area came to an end. The inhabitants are called Guinois . On 25 May 1785 a column was erected to commemorate Jean-Pierre Blanchard 's crossing of the English Channel by hydrogen balloon on 7 January 1785. ( 50°50′31″N 1°52′02″E / 50.841997365°N 1.86734124246°E / 50.841997365; 1.86734124246 ( Jean-Pierre Blanchard ) ). The inscription reads as follows, here translated into English: The Chemin de fer d'Anvin à Calais opened
76-738: A railway station at Guînes in 1881. The railway was closed in 1955. Saint Bertin Bertin ( Latin : Bertinus ; c. 615 – c . 709 AD), also known as Saint Bertin the Great , was the Frankish abbot of a monastery in Saint-Omer later named the Abbey of Saint Bertin after him. He is venerated as a saint by the Catholic and Orthodox Churches. The fame of Bertin's learning and sanctity
95-457: A small house and they went out daily to preach the Christian faith to the natives, most of whom were still pagans. Gradually some converted pagans joined the little band of missionaries and a larger monastery had to be built. A tract of land called Sithiu had been donated to Omer by a converted nobleman named Adrowald . Omer now turned this whole tract over to the missionaries, who selected
114-412: A suitable place on it for their new Abbey of St. Peter . Additional villages were granted by Count Waldebert , later a monk at Bertin's monastery of Sythiu and eventually Abbot of Luxueil and canonized, who gave his son at the baptismal font to Bertin, from whom the boy received his name and his education. The community grew so rapidly that in a short time this monastery also became too small and another
133-556: Is a commune in the northern French department of Pas-de-Calais . Historically, it was spelt Guisnes . On 7 January 1785, Jean-Pierre Blanchard , a French pioneer in hydrogen-balloon flight, completed the first aerial crossing of the English Channel , landing in the woods south of Guînes, where a memorial column stands today. Guînes is located on the border of the two territories of the Boulonnais and Calaisis , at
152-644: The Burgundian king Théodebert II . In 928, when the Danes invaded and seized the place, it was probably a defenceless village. A fenced mound and a double ditch would soon have been created by the Danes . This is the origin of the castle of Guînes. Arnulf I, Count of Flanders , realizing a counter-attack would be costly, arranged the marriage of his daughter Elstrude, to Sigfrid , the Danish leader, bestowing upon him
171-671: The Pale of Calais , the last English possession in mainland France. The " Field of the Cloth of Gold ", where Henry VIII of England and Francis I of France met in 1520, was at Balinghem in the immediate neighbourhood. When the French captured the port of Calais in January 1558, Guînes held out, by the courageous efforts of the English commander, William Grey, 13th Baron Grey de Wilton . After
190-657: The austere rule of its abbot, Columbanus , he prepared himself for a future missionary career. About the year 638 he set out, in company with two confrères, Mummolin and Ebertram , for the extreme northern part of France in order to assist his friend and kinsman, Bishop Omer , in the evangelization of the Morini . This country, now in the Department of Pas-de-Calais , was then one vast marsh, studded here and there with hillocks and overgrown with seaweed and bulrushes. On one of these hillocks, Bertin and his companions built
209-560: The contemporary history of the West Frankish Kingdom . The abbey church, now in ruins, was one of the finest 14th-century Gothic edifices. In later times, its library, archives, and art-treasures were renowned both in and out of France. The monks were expelled in 1791 by the invading forces of the French Revolutionary Army and in 1799 the abbey and its church were sold at auction. His iconography
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#1732772769075228-409: The deceased Eligius as Bishop of Noyon , about the year 659. Waldebert's son Bertin, adopted by Bertin the founder, then became the third abbot. In later times the abbey became famous as a centre of sanctity and learning. About the 11th century, the name of the abbey was changed that of Saint-Bertin. The Annales Bertiniani (830–882; Mon. Germ. Hist. Script. I, 419–515) are important for
247-565: The edge of the now-drained marshes, which extend from there to the coast. The Guînes canal connects with Calais. Historically, Guînes was the capital of a small county of the same name . After the Romans left, in the 5th century, there is little known about the town . In the Dark Ages , according to legend, the territory of Guînes became the property of one Aigneric, Mayor of the Palace of
266-464: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guines&oldid=543486753 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Gu%C3%AEnes Guînes ( French pronunciation: [ɡin] ; West Flemish : Giezene ; Picard : Guinne )
285-549: The title of Count of Guînes but as vassal to him, the Count of Flanders. Under Sigfrid's successors, the county of Guînes acquired considerable importance. At the beginning of the 11th century, Count Manassès founded a convent of the order of St Benedict . This was placed under the jurisdiction of the nearby abbey of Saint Léonard . At that time, Guînes comprised three parishes within its walls, whose churches were dedicated to Saint Bertin , Saint Pierre and Saint Médard . Outside
304-472: The town ramparts were the abbey of Saint Léonard, the church of Saint-Blaise, in the hamlet of Melleke, and the leper-house of Saint Quentin, in the hamlet of Spelleke in Tournepuits. At the end of the 11th century, Baldwin I, Count of Guînes, built a huge stone castle on top of Sigfrid's old keep and enclosed the town within a stone wall, with defensive towers at each of the entrances. His brother Fulk
323-579: Was a participant in the First Crusade . In 1180, Guînes was passed together with Ardres, Arras and Saint-Omer to the French crown as part of the dowry of Isabel of Hainaut when she married Philip II of France . On 22 January 1351, three years after the capture of Calais by Edward III , the castle of Guînes was delivered up to the English. In 1360, the Treaty of Brétigny surrendered the city and its county to England and they eventually became part of
342-459: Was built where the city of St. Omer now stands. The fame of Bertin's learning and sanctity was so great that in a short time more than 150 monks lived under his rule, among them St. Winnoc and his three companions who had come from Brittany to join Bertin's community and assist in the conversion of the heathen. When nearly the whole region was Christianized , and the marshy land transformed into
361-476: Was so great that in a short time more than 150 monks lived under his rule. Among them were St. Winnoc and his three companions who had come from Brittany to join Bertin's community and assist in the conversions. Nearly the whole Morini region was Christianized. Bertin was born near Constance , then in the Frankish Duchy of Alamannia . At an early age, he entered the Abbey of Luxeuil , where, under
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