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20-616: D69 may refer to: Queen's Gambit Declined , Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code D69 (Croatia) , a state road in Croatia HMAS Vendetta (D69) , a destroyer of the Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title formed as a letter–number combination. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

40-482: A minority attack by means of the plan Rb1, followed by b2–b4–b5, then bxc6 in order to create a weak pawn at c6. While Black can play ...cxb5, or recapture on c6 with a piece, each of these possibilities is even less desirable than the backward pawn in the open file. For Black, exchanging at d5 has released his light-squared bishop and opened the e-file, giving him the use of e4 as a springboard for central and kingside play. While chances are balanced, Black

60-411: A coding system that has also been adopted by other chess publications . There are five main categories, "A" to "E", corresponding to the five volumes of the earlier editions, each of which is further subdivided into 100 subcategories, for a total of 500 codes. The term " ECO " is often used as a shorthand for this coding system. ECO code is a registered trademark of Chess Informant . The first edition

80-428: A small amount of text, which is in several languages. The bulk of the content consists of diagrams of positions and chess moves, annotated with symbols , many of them developed by Chess Informant. Chess Informant pioneered the use of Figurine Algebraic Notation to avoid the use of initials for the names of the pieces, which vary between languages. Instead of the traditional names for the openings, ECO has developed

100-440: A solid position; the pawns on d5 and e6 give Black a foothold in the centre . The Queen's Gambit Declined has the reputation of being one of Black's most reliable defenses to 1.d4. In this situation, White will try to exploit the passivity of Black's light-squared bishop, and Black will try to release it, trade it, or prove that, while passive, the bishop has a useful defensive role. An eventual ...dxc4 by Black will surrender

120-713: Is a reference work describing the state of opening theory in chess , originally published in five volumes from 1974 to 1979 by the Yugoslavian company Šahovski Informator ( Chess Informant ). It is currently undergoing its fifth edition. ECO may also refer to the opening classification system used by the encyclopedia. Both ECO and Chess Informant are published by the Belgrade -based company Šahovski Informator . The moves are taken from thousands of master games and from published analysis in Informant and compiled by

140-736: Is known as the Orthodox Line of the Queen's Gambit Declined. When the "Queen's Gambit Declined" is mentioned, it is usually assumed to be referring to the Orthodox Line; see " Other lines " below. The Orthodox Line can be reached by a number of different move orders , such as 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 d5; 1.d4 e6 2.c4 d5; 1.c4 e6 2.Nc3 d5 3.d4; 1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 e6 3.d4; and so on. Playing 2...e6 releases Black's dark-squared bishop , while obstructing Black's light-squared bishop. By declining White's temporary pawn sacrifice , Black erects

160-533: Is usually more or less forced to use his superior activity to launch a piece attack on White's king , as the long-term chances in the QGD Exchange structure favour White. The following games are model games for White: The Three Knights Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined is usually reached from the move order 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 d5 4.Nc3, played to avoid the Nimzo-Indian Defense (from

180-666: The Berlin Defense , resulting in a drawish position. This line has been played by top grandmasters such as Wesley So , Anish Giri , and Magnus Carlsen aiming for a draw. There is also the Exchange Variation where the game continues 5.cxd5 Nxd5 6.e4 Nxc3 7.bxc3 cxd4 8.cxd4, which has been used by played by the likes of Ding Liren , Anish Giri , Vladimir Kramnik , and Magnus Carlsen . The Ragozin Variation ( ECO code D37–D39) occurs after black plays 4...Bb4 in

200-925: The Main Variations of the Queen's Gambit Declined occurs after black plays 4...Be7 5.Bg5 in the Three Knights Variation. This variation is also a popular line. Placing the bishop on Bg5 allows Black to exchange more freely with moves like Nf6-e4, as seen in the Lasker Defence. The move Bf4 is designed to restrict Black's opportunities in this way, as well as reducing opportunities to gain the bishop pair . Play usually continues with 5...0-0 6.e3 c5 7.dxc5 Bxc5. Peter Leko , usually an e4 player, used this variation as White to beat Vladimir Kramnik in their 2004 World Championship Match . Bibliography Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings ( ECO )

220-620: The Three Knights Variation. The Alekhine Variation of the Ragozin Variation occurs with 5.Qa4 Nc6 6.e3 0-0 7.Qc2. A transposition into the Vienna Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined occurs with 5.Bg5 dxc4 6.e4. An alternate line commonly played is 5.cxd5 exd5 6.Bg5 h6 7.Bh4 to avoid transposing into the Vienna. The Semi-Slav Defense occurs after black plays 4...c6 in the Three Knights Variation. A transposition into

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240-433: The centre to White, and Black will usually not do this unless Black can extract a concession, usually in the form of gaining a tempo , by capturing on c4 only after White has played Bd3 first. In the Orthodox Line, the fight for the tempo revolves around White's efforts to play all other useful developing moves prior to playing Bd3. Black will often aim for the pawn break ...c5 in this opening, which often leads to one or

260-439: The diagonal) 7...Bb4 8.Qc2 0-0 and here 9.Bd3 ?? loses since 9...dxc4 ! (threatening ...Qxg5) 10.Bxf6 cxd3! (a zwischenzug ) 11.Qxd3 Nxf6 wins a piece for Black. After 4.cxd5 exd5 5.Bg5 c6 6.Qc2 White has a pawn majority in the centre, Black has a pawn majority on the queenside . This pawn structure gives White the opportunity to either advance his pawns in the centre by means of Nge2, f2–f3, followed by e2–e4, or play for

280-595: The editors, most of whom are grandmasters , who select the lines which they consider most relevant or critical. The chief editor since the first edition has been Aleksandar Matanović (1930-2023). The openings are provided in an ECO table that concisely presents the opening lines considered most critical by the editors. ECO covers the openings in more detail than rival single volume publications such as Modern Chess Openings and Nunn's Chess Openings , but in less detail than specialized opening books. The books are intended for an international audience and contain only

300-437: The first and third began with the Queen's Gambit Declined. After 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 (3.Nf3 is a main alternative), Black's main move is 3...Nf6. Other options are: Lines beginning with the moves 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 are covered by ECO codes D35–D69. These are old lines that can transpose into many other queen pawn openings . White has several ways of dealing with Black's setup: The Cambridge Springs Defense

320-584: The highest level was Fine–Euwe, AVRO 1938. The Quiet Variation of the Vienna Variation occurs after 5.e3. The Semi-Tarrasch Variation occurs after black plays 4...c5 in the Three Knights Variation. An important line in this variation is the Endgame Line where the game continues: 5.cxd5 cxd4 6.Qxd4 exd5 7.e4 dxe4 8.Qxd8+ Kxd8 where the queens get traded off in a similar fashion to the Endgame in

340-400: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=D69&oldid=591767767 " Category : Letter–number combination disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Queen%27s Gambit Declined This

360-447: The other side accepting isolated or hanging pawns in exchange for dynamic compensation. In its broadest sense, the Queen's Gambit Declined is any variation of the Queen's Gambit in which Black does not play ...dxc4. Variations other than the Orthodox Line have their own names and are usually treated separately. Of the 34 games played in the 1927 World Championship between Alexander Alekhine and José Raúl Capablanca , all except

380-544: The white point of view) and the Exchange Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined (from the black point of view). Black has a few options in response to the Three Knights Variation. The Vienna Variation occurs after Black plays 4...dxc4 in the Three Knights Variation. The main line of the Vienna continues as 5.e4 Bb4 6.Bg5. White's pawns or pieces occupy the central squares in exchange for long-term pawn structure weaknesses. An instance of Vienna Variation played at

400-473: Was introduced more than a century ago, and is still played. (1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6) 4.Bg5 Nbd7 (setting up the Elephant Trap ) 5.e3 c6 6.Nf3 Qa5, now Black intends ...Bb4 and possibly ...Ne4, with pressure along the a5–e1 diagonal. This Black defense is popular among amateurs because there are several traps White can fall into, for example 7.Nd2 (one of the main lines, countering Black's pressure along

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