Misplaced Pages

#487512

35-579: The Dominique river runs from north to south for 50 kilometres (31 mi) with a vertical drop of 201 metres (659 ft). It has one important tributary, the Foins River (Hay River), which drains the southeast of the basin. The mouth of the river is in the municipality of Port-Cartier in the Sept-Rivières Regional County Municipality. At its mouth in the city of Port-Cartier the river converges with an arm of

70-399: A lesser extent, hardwoods such as paper birch, trembling aspen and balsam poplar ( Populus balsamifera ). Fish species are American eel ( Anguilla rostrata ) and brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ). There are rainbow smelt ( Osmerus mordax ) at the mouth of the river. The Dominique River is not recognized as an Atlantic salmon river. The watershed is almost entirely contained in

105-406: A natural fire ecology , perpetuates numerous successional communities. Throughout boreal North America , Betula papyrifera (paper birch) and Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) are successional hardwoods that frequently invade burns in black spruce. Black spruce typically seeds in promptly after fire, and with the continued absence of fire, eventually dominates the hardwoods. Black spruce

140-439: A preference for wetter lowland areas. Numerous differences in details of its needle and pollen morphology also exist but require careful microscopic examination to detect. From true firs, such as Abies balsamea (balsam fir), it differs in having pendulous cones, persistent woody leaf-bases, and four-angled needles, arranged all round the shoots. Due to the large difference between heartwood and sapwood moisture content, it

175-618: A total area of 634.4 square kilometres (244.9 sq mi) of which 45.9 square kilometres (17.7 sq mi) are in the Dominique watershed, covering 18.0% of its area including Lake Morin and Little Lake Anguille. On the Gulf of St. Lawrence the river basin adjoins the Port-Cartier West Waterfowl Concentration Area (IUCN category VI). Port-Cartier Port-Cartier is a city in

210-482: Is a dwarf form which has gained the Royal Horticultural Society 's Award of Garden Merit . Picea mariana is known to hybridize with Serbian spruce, Picea omorika . The hybrid is Picea machala , and hybrids with Sitka spruce are known as well. Black spruce is the provincial tree of Newfoundland and Labrador . The timber is of low value due to the small size of the trees, but it

245-724: Is a pioneer that invades the sphagnum mat in filled-lake bogs, though often preceded slightly by Larix laricina (tamarack). Black spruce frequently out-competes shade-intolerant tamarack in the course of bog succession. However, as the peat soil is gradually elevated by the accumulation of organic matter, and the fertility of the site improves, balsam fir and northern white cedar ( Thuja occidentalis ) eventually replace black spruce and tamarack. On drier sites following fires, black spruce can take over stands of faster growing jack pine ( Pinus banksiana ) by virtue of its ability to grow in partially shaded conditions which inhibit pine seedlings. But black spruce seedlings are themselves intolerant to

280-478: Is a slow-growing, small upright evergreen coniferous tree (rarely a shrub ), having a straight trunk with little taper, a scruffy habit, and a narrow, pointed crown of short, compact, drooping branches with upturned tips. Through much of its range it averages 5–15 m (15–50 ft) tall with a trunk 15–50 cm (6–20 in) diameter at maturity, though occasional specimens can reach 30 m (98 ft) tall and 60 cm (24 in) diameter. The bark

315-458: Is a strip of fairly flat land about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) wide that gradually slopes down to sea level from 100 metres (330 ft) in the north. The bedrock is dominated by magmatic rocks, deformed to some extent, of migmatite , granitoid rocks and granitic gneiss . The plateau and piedmont area include vast areas where the bedrock is exposed. In other places there is glacial till of up to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in depth, and in

350-415: Is easy to distinguish these two wood characteristics in ultrasound images, which are widely used as a nondestructive technique to assess the internal condition of the tree and avoid useless log breakdown. Older taxonomic synonyms include A. mariana , P. brevifolia , or P. nigra . Growth varies with site quality. In swamp and muskeg it shows progressively slower growth rates from the edges toward

385-650: Is the official tree of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador and is that province's most numerous tree. The range of the black spruce extends into northern parts of the United States : in Alaska , the Great Lakes region , and the upper Northeast . It is a frequent part of the biome known as taiga or boreal forest. The Latin specific epithet mariana means "of the Virgin Mary". P. mariana

SECTION 10

#1732779646488

420-491: Is thin, scaly, and greyish brown. The leaves are needle-like, 6–15 mm ( 1 ⁄ 4 – 9 ⁄ 16  in) long, stiff, four-sided, dark bluish green on the upper sides, paler glaucous green below. The cones are the smallest of all of the spruces, 1.5–4 cm ( 1 ⁄ 2 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 2  in) long and 1–2 cm ( 1 ⁄ 2 – 3 ⁄ 4  in) broad, spindle-shaped to nearly round, dark purple ripening red-brown, produced in dense clusters in

455-406: Is tolerant of nutrient-poor soils, and is commonly found on poorly drained acidic peatlands . It is considered a climax species over most of its range; however, some ecologists question whether black spruce forests truly attain climax because fires usually occur at 50 to 150 year intervals, while "stable" conditions may not be attained for several hundred years. The frequent fire return interval,

490-635: The Aux Rochers River in the Rivière-aux-Rochers Park. A trail in the park leads to the Rivière Dominique waterfall. The origin of the name, which was made official on 5 December 1968, is not known. The Dominique River basin is oriented from north to south, about 42 kilometres (26 mi) long and no more than 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) wide. It covers 263 square kilometres (102 sq mi). It lies between

525-605: The Côte-Nord region of Quebec , Canada . It is located on the north shore of the St. Lawrence River at the mouth of the Aux-Rochers River , 63 kilometres (39 mi) southwest of Sept-Îles, Quebec . Port-Cartier had a population of 6,516 at the 2021 Canadian census. It has a land area of 1,092 square kilometres (422 sq mi), ranking 27th in area among all Canadian cities and towns. Besides Port-Cartier itself,

560-494: The Great Lakes region it is most abundant in peat bogs and swamps, also on transitional sites between peatlands and uplands. In these areas it is rare on uplands, except in isolated areas of northern Minnesota and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan . Most stands are even-aged due to frequent fire intervals in black spruce forests. It commonly grows in pure stands on organic soils and in mixed stands on mineral soils. It

595-562: The Port-Cartier–Sept-Îles Wildlife Reserve . This reserve, with a total area of 6,423 square kilometres (2,480 sq mi), covers 224 square kilometres (86 sq mi) of the Dominique River basin, or about 87.5%. The proposed Lake Pasteur Biodiversity Reserve extends into the west of the watershed. It is a protected area under IUCN category III, established in 2003. The proposed reserve covers

630-504: The Québec Cartier Mining Company constructed an iron ore processing plant and an artificial sea port near Shelter Bay, for shipping the iron ore mined from deposits at Lake Jeannine near Fermont . Port-Cartier, named after the mining company, was incorporated as a town in 1959 and the next year, Shelter Bay was added to it. The original town of Shelter Bay is now the suburb known as Port-Cartier West. Today,

665-612: The Chicago Tribune, visited the Rochers River area to evaluate its forest potential. Soon after, a settlement was established on the west side of the mouth of this river, originally called Shelter Bay. The post office opened in 1916, followed by a sawmill in 1918 and a debarking factory of the Ontario Paper Company in 1920. Yet the exhaustion of timber led to the closure of the factory in 1955. In 1958,

700-416: The Dominique River basin. The main lakes are Lake Morin at 6.37 square kilometres (2.46 sq mi) and Little Lake Anguille at 2.58 square kilometres (1.00 sq mi). Ombrotrophic peatlands cover 6.15% of the basin, mostly on the coastal plain where the flat relief and fine sediments retain the water. The rivers and streams follow angular courses dictated by fractures in the hard bedrock. Upstream

735-505: The Port-Cartier Institution, a maximum security prison, about two kilometres to the north. The institution houses male offenders and offers various programs and services to promote rehabilitation and reintegration into society. Port-Cartier Institution is known for its focus on education and vocational training, with a wide range of courses available to help inmates develop new skills and prepare for successful reentry into

SECTION 20

#1732779646488

770-577: The basins of the Aux Rochers River to the west and the Sainte-Marguerite River to the east. The river basin is in the Sept-Rivières Regional County Municipality, divided between the unorganized territory of Lac-Walker (65.8%) and the town of Port-Cartier (34.2%). Part of the river basin is in the Port-Cartier–Sept-Îles Wildlife Reserve (Réserve faunique Port-Cartier–Sept-Îles). Part is in

805-469: The centre. The roots are shallow and wide spreading, resulting in susceptibility to windthrow . In the northern part of its range, ice pruned asymmetric black spruce are often seen with diminished foliage on the windward side. Tilted trees colloquially called " drunken trees " are associated with thawing of permafrost . In the southern portion of its range it is found primarily on wet organic soils, but farther north its abundance on uplands increases. In

840-457: The city of Port-Cartier. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Port-Cartier had a population of 6,516 living in 2,918 of its 3,307 total private dwellings, a change of -4.2% from its 2016 population of 6,799 . With a land area of 1,092.75 km (421.91 sq mi), it had a population density of 6.0/km (15.4/sq mi) in 2021. Mother tongue (2021): The Correctional Service of Canada operates

875-412: The coastal plain the forest cover is dominated by stands of balsam fir ( Abies balsamea ), white spruce ( Picea glauca ) and paper birch ( Betula papyrifera ), with lesser numbers of jack pine ( Pinus banksiana ), larch and trembling aspen ( Populus tremuloides ). Further inland in the spruce-moss region the forest cover is dominated by black spruce ( Picea mariana ), with balsam fir and, to

910-695: The communities of Rivière-Pentecôte ( 49°47′N 67°10′W  /  49.783°N 67.167°W  / 49.783; -67.167 ), Pointe-aux-Anglais ( 49°40′38″N 67°10′05″W  /  49.67722°N 67.16806°W  / 49.67722; -67.16806 ), Baie-des-Homards ( 49°49′58″N 67°06′41″W  /  49.83278°N 67.11139°W  / 49.83278; -67.11139 ), and Grand-Ruisseau ( 49°44′03″N 67°10′26″W  /  49.73417°N 67.17389°W  / 49.73417; -67.17389 ) are also within its municipal boundaries, all located along Quebec Route 138 . In 1915, Colonel Robert R. McCormick , owner of

945-524: The day of Pentecost in 1535. In 1884, the "Penticost River" Post Office opened, frenchized to Rivière-Pentecôte in 1933. At the end of the 19th century, it was among the most important industrial centres along the North Shore. In 1972, the Municipality of Rivière-Pentecôte was formed out of unorganized territory . On February 19, 2003, the Municipality of Rivière-Pentecôte was amalgamated into

980-598: The low light and low moisture conditions under mature spruce stands. Balsam fir and northern white cedar, both more understory-tolerant species with deeper taproots, survive and eventually succeed the spruce in the absence of fire. The spruce budworm , a moth larva, causes defoliation, which kills trees if it occurs several years in a row, though black spruce is less susceptible than white spruce or balsam fir. Trees most at risk are those growing with balsam fir and white spruce. Numerous cultivars have been selected for use in parks and gardens. The cultivar P. mariana 'Nana'

1015-467: The main valleys there are large glaciofluvial sediments . In the coastal plain the Goldthwait Sea deposited large amounts of clay and silt sediment as it followed the retreat of the glaciers after the last ice age. As the land rebounded from the weight of the ice, the sea retreated and the marine sediments were covered by coarser sandy estuarine and deltaic sediments. Waterbodies cover 5.72% of

1050-526: The port handles approximately 18,000,000 tonnes (19,800,000 short tons ; 17,700,000 long tons ) of cargo per year and ranks third in Quebec in terms of handled tonnage. In 1875, a mission called Saint-Patrice-de-la-Rivière-Pentecôte was established some 100 km south-west of Sept-Îles at the mouth of the Pentecôte River . This name is attributed to Jacques Cartier who arrived at the place on

1085-461: The proposed Lake Pasteur Biodiversity Reserve . The northern part of the Dominique River basin is on a deeply dissected rocky plateau in which slopes can rise by 300 metres (980 ft). The highest point is 533 metres (1,749 ft) in the north of the basin. The piedmont region extends for 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) between the plateau and the coastal plain. It is formed of rounded rocky hills up to 300 metres (980 ft) high. The coastal plain

Dominique River - Misplaced Pages Continue

1120-436: The rivers follow rather rectilinear courses through narrow valleys, but downstream they meander slightly through the loose deposits of the coastal plain. The annual average flow at the Dominique River mouth is estimated at 9.3 cubic metres per second (330 cu ft/s), varying during the year from 1.97 to 22.1 cubic metres per second (70 to 780 cu ft/s). The Pentecôte weather station, 35 kilometres (22 mi) to

1155-402: The southwest of the river mouth, records an average annual temperature of 1.9 °C (35.4 °F) and annual average rainfall of 1,154 millimetres (45.4 in). A map of the ecological regions of Quebec shows the upper and central Dominique River in sub-regions 6j-T and 6m-T of the east spruce/moss subdomain, and the lower part in sub-region 5g-T of the eastern fir/white birch subdomain.. On

1190-407: The upper crown, opening at maturity but persisting for several years. Natural hybridization occurs regularly with the closely related P. rubens (red spruce), and very rarely with P. glauca (white spruce). It differs from P. glauca in having a dense cover of small hairs on the bark of young branch tips, an often darker reddish-brown bark, shorter needles, smaller and rounder cones, and

1225-462: The workforce upon release. Notable inmates have included convicted murderers Paul Bernardo , Russell Williams , Michael Rafferty , Mohammed Shafia , Robert Pickton , Luka Magnotta , and Guy Turcotte . List of former mayors: Picea mariana Picea mariana , the black spruce , is a North American species of spruce tree in the pine family . It is widespread across Canada , found in all 10 provinces and all 3 territories . It

#487512