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39-662: Nothing else is known of the author, evidently a minor government official, except that he lived in Bianjing ( 汴京 ) (now called Kaifeng, in Henan province) between the ages of 13 and 27 before escaping to the south. His book was first printed in 1187, but the Preface is dated 1147, a number of years after the capital was moved, indicating that Meng started a draft at this point. The work was published in 10 volumes ( juan ) and traditional bibliographers classified it as travel writing . It

78-641: A double line break. In recent decades, the resulting appearance and the lack of a markup possibility have often been perceived as bland and as a drawback of this format. Project Gutenberg attempts to address this by making many texts available in HTML, ePub, and PDF versions as well. HTML versions of older texts are autogenerated versions. Another not-for-profit project, Standard Ebooks , aims to address these issues with its collection of public domain titles that are formatted and styled. It corrects issues related to design and typography. In December 1994, Project Gutenberg

117-733: A few non-text items such as audio files and music-notation files. Most releases are in English, but there are also significant numbers in many other languages. As of April 2016 , the non-English languages most represented are: French, German, Finnish, Dutch, Italian, and Portuguese. Whenever possible, Gutenberg releases are available in plain text , mainly using US-ASCII character encoding but frequently extended to ISO-8859-1 (needed to represent accented characters in French and Scharfes s in German, for example). Besides being copyright-free,

156-437: A journal of some kind with later compositions, then used slang and technical terms. Wu Pei-yi, another recent historian, believes that the book's appeal lies in "the elements of style that it shares with the modern art of photography: the vivid and minute inventory of visual detail, the refusal to delve behind the facade, the preoccupation with the present moment, and the concealment of a narrator." "Song Dynasty-Dongjing Menghua"

195-491: Is a trademark of the organization, and the mark cannot be used in commercial or modified redistributions of public domain texts from the project. There is no legal impediment to the reselling of works in the public domain if all references to Project Gutenberg are removed, but Gutenberg contributors have questioned the appropriateness of directly and commercially reusing content that has been formatted by volunteers. There have been instances of books being stripped of attribution to

234-828: Is a performance on the water in Qingming River Park in Kaifeng. The performance lasts 70 minutes, and there are more than 700 actors involved. In addition to the excerpts mentioned above, Stephen H. West has translated selections in Victor H. Mair et al ., eds., Hawai'i Reader in Traditional Chinese Culture (Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2005), 405–22. Project Gutenberg Text in Chinese 東京夢華錄 by fl. 1126-1147 Yuanlao Meng Bianjing Too Many Requests If you report this error to

273-574: Is backed-up regularly and mirrored on servers in many different locations. Project Gutenberg is careful to verify the status of its ebooks according to United States copyright law . Material is added to the Project Gutenberg archive only after it has received a copyright clearance, and records of these clearances are saved for future reference. Project Gutenberg does not claim new copyright on titles it publishes. Instead, it encourages their free reproduction and distribution. Most books in

312-488: Is often cited under the abbreviated name, Meng Hua lu . The literal meaning of the title is Dongjing (Eastern Capital, that is, Kaifeng), meng (dream), Hua (the ancient land of perfection) lu (record). The allusion is to the Yellow Emperor's dream of the land of Hua Xu, "a sphere of perfect joy and harmony," where people knew no fear, selfishness, avarice, or pain. When he awoke, the Yellow Emperor came to

351-444: Is simple: 'To encourage the creation and distribution of ebooks ' ". His goal was "to provide as many e-books in as many formats as possible for the entire world to read in as many languages as possible". Likewise, a project slogan is to "break down the bars of ignorance and illiteracy", because its volunteers aim to continue spreading public literacy and appreciation for the literary heritage just as public libraries began to do in

390-532: Is thus an important source for the history of Chinese food and drinking culture. It even describes regional cuisines during the Northern Song dynasty. The numerous mentions of Sichuan cuisine are particularly striking. The evocation of an evening at a restaurant is particularly vivid: The section in Book 7 describing Spring festival has been used to explain one of China's most famous scroll paintings,

429-716: The Qingming Shanghe tu (清明上河圖) of Zhang Zeduan (張擇端), which was taken as depicting the Spring Festival: Evaluations of the literary style differ. Meng's own preface describes his language as "coarse and vulgar" and "not adorned by literary style." He warns: "Reader, please take careful note of this!" For many years Chinese critics agreed that the prose was of low quality because it mixed colloquialisms and poorly written literary Chinese. The modern expert Steven West, however, suggests that this inconsistent style resulted when Meng mixed passages from

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468-514: The English language , but many non-English works are also available. There are multiple affiliated projects that provide additional content, including region- and language-specific works. Project Gutenberg is closely affiliated with Distributed Proofreaders , an Internet-based community for proofreading scanned texts. Project Gutenberg is named after the inventor Johannes Gutenberg , whose works in developing printing technology led to an increase in

507-536: The Internet . Hart believed one day the general public would be able to access computers and decided to make works of literature available in electronic form for free. He used a copy of the United States Declaration of Independence in his backpack, and this became the first Project Gutenberg e-text . He named the project for Johannes Gutenberg , the fifteenth century German printer who propelled

546-496: The movable type printing press revolution. By the mid-1990s, Hart was running Project Gutenberg from Illinois Benedictine College . More volunteers had joined the effort. He manually entered all of the text until 1989 when image scanners and optical character recognition software improved and became more available, making book scanning more feasible. Hart later came to an arrangement with Carnegie Mellon University , which agreed to administer Project Gutenberg's finances. As

585-511: The "best" e-books from the collection. The CD is available for download as an ISO image . When users are unable to download the CD, they can request to have a copy sent to them, free of charge. In December 2003, a DVD was created containing nearly 10,000 items. At the time, this represented almost the entire collection. In early 2004, the DVD also became available by mail. In July 2007, a new edition of

624-607: The DVD was released containing over 17,000 books, and in April 2010, a dual-layer DVD was released, containing nearly 30,000 items. The majority of the DVDs, and all of the CDs mailed by the project, were recorded on recordable media by volunteers. However, the new dual layer DVDs were manufactured, as it proved more economical than having volunteers burn them. As of October 2010 , the project has mailed approximately 40,000 discs. As of 2017,

663-463: The Federal Court of Justice. As of 4 October 2020 that application was still pending (Federal Court of Justice I ZR 97/19). According to Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, "In October 2021, the parties reached a settlement agreement. Under the terms of the agreement, Project Gutenberg eBooks by the three authors will be blocked from Germany until their German copyright expires. Under

702-425: The Project Gutenberg collection are distributed as public domain under United States copyright law. There are also a few copyrighted texts, such as those of science fiction author Cory Doctorow , that Project Gutenberg distributes with permission. These are subject to further restrictions as specified by the copyright holder, although they generally tend to be licensed under Creative Commons . "Project Gutenberg"

741-526: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.236 via cp1112 cp1112, Varnish XID 971431065 Upstream caches: cp1112 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 10:51:01 GMT Project Gutenberg Project Gutenberg ( PG ) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks ." It

780-423: The collection, where UTF-8 is used instead. Other formats may be released as well when submitted by volunteers. The most common non-ASCII format is HTML , which allows markup and illustrations to be included. Some project members and users have requested more advanced formats, believing them to be easier to read. But some formats that are not easily editable, such as PDF , are generally not considered to fit with

819-644: The delivery of free CDs has been discontinued, though the ISO image is still available for download. As of August 2015 , Project Gutenberg claimed over 72,500 items in its collection, with an average of over 50 new e-books being added each week. These are primarily works of literature from the Western cultural tradition . In addition to literature such as novels, poetry, short stories and drama, Project Gutenberg also has cookbooks , reference works and issues of periodicals. The Project Gutenberg collection also has

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858-581: The goals of Project Gutenberg. Also Project Gutenberg has two options for master formats that can be submitted (from which all other files are generated): customized versions of the Text Encoding Initiative standard (since 2005) and reStructuredText (since 2011). Beginning in 2009, the Project Gutenberg catalog began offering auto-generated alternate file formats, including HTML (when not already provided), EPUB and plucker . Michael Hart said in 2004, "The mission of Project Gutenberg

897-623: The infringement of copyrights still active in Germany, and asserted that the Project Gutenberg website was under German jurisdiction because it hosts content in the German language and is accessible in Germany. This judgment was confirmed by the Frankfurt Court of Appeal on 30 April 2019 (11 U 27/18 ). The Frankfurt Court of Appeal has not given permission for a further appeal to the Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof), however, an application for permission to appeal has been filed with

936-408: The late 19th century. Project Gutenberg is intentionally decentralized; there is no selection policy dictating what texts to add. Instead, individual volunteers work on what they are interested in, or have available. The Project Gutenberg collection is intended to preserve items for the long term, so they cannot be lost by any one localized accident. In an effort to ensure this, the entire collection

975-406: The market. The exquisite scents from all over the world were to be found here." Meng must have been well placed and had enough money to take advantage of the city's pleasures. He also describes imperial rituals, although he may have heard of them second hand. The scholar Wu Pei-yi writes that "what distinguishes the book from other writings on cities is its detailed description of everyday life as it

1014-780: The mass availability of books and other text. Michael S. Hart began Project Gutenberg in 1971 with the digitization of the United States Declaration of Independence . Hart, a student at the University of Illinois , obtained access to a Xerox Sigma V mainframe computer in the university's Materials Research Lab. Through friendly operators, he received an account with a virtually unlimited amount of computer time ; its value at that time has since been variously estimated at $ 100,000 or $ 100,000,000. Hart explained he wanted to "give back" this gift by doing something one could consider to be of great value. His initial goal

1053-486: The past." Other uses of the word meng in Chinese literature include the 18th century novel, Honglou Meng ( Dream of the Red Chamber ) and the 13th century essay, Mengliang lu (Dreaming Over a Bowl of Millet), which is modeled on Menghua lu. Meng's Preface (dated 1147) tells the reader of the old capital: The preface boasts: "The treasures and curiosities from around the world are gathered here, all are sold on

1092-700: The project and sold for profit in the Kindle Store and other booksellers, one being the 1906 book Fox Trapping . From 2018 to 2021, the Project Gutenberg website was not accessible within Germany , as a result of a court order from S. Fischer Verlag regarding the works of Heinrich Mann , Thomas Mann and Alfred Döblin . Although they were in the public domain in the United States, the German court (Frankfurt am Main Regional Court) recognized

1131-465: The project's popularity. Starting in 2004, an improved online catalog made Project Gutenberg content easier to browse, access and hyperlink . Project Gutenberg is now hosted by ibiblio at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill . Hart died on 6 September 2011 at his home in Urbana, Illinois, at the age of 64. In August 2003, Project Gutenberg created a CD containing approximately 600 of

1170-508: The realization that the Way could not be achieved through the passions. By using the term, Meng Yuanlao in ironic contrast implies that he himself awoke to a world of "perfect shambles." The historian Wu Pei-yi adds that the Chinese word meng and the English word "dream" have quite different overtones: "In modern English usage dreams are often projected into the future: they stand for hopes or wishes. In China dreams are frequently used as figures for

1209-459: The requirement for a Latin ( character set ) text version of the release had been a criterion of Michael Hart's since the founding of Project Gutenberg, as he believed it was the format most likely to be readable in the extended future. Out of necessity, this criterion has had to be extended further for the sizable collection of texts in East Asian languages such as Chinese and Japanese now in

Dongjing Meng Hua Lu - Misplaced Pages Continue

1248-620: The terms of the settlement, the all-Germany block is no longer in place. Other terms of the settlement are confidential." The Project Gutenberg website has been blocked in Italy since May 2020, as part of a larger effort to block websites that publish newspapers and journals that are protected by copyright in Italy. The text files use the format of plain text encoded in UTF-8 and are typically wrapped at 65–70 characters, with paragraphs separated by

1287-537: The volume of e-texts increased, volunteers began to take over the project's day-to-day operations that Hart had run. Italian volunteer Pietro Di Miceli developed and administered the first Project Gutenberg website and started the development of the Project online Catalog. In his ten years in this role (1994–2004), the Project web pages won a number of awards, often being featured in "best of the Web" listings, contributing to

1326-524: Was begun by Michael Hart and John S. Guagliardo to provide low-cost intellectual properties. The initial name for this project was Project Gutenberg 2 (PG II), which created controversy among PG volunteers because of the re-use of the project's trademarked name for a commercial venture. In 2000, a non-profit corporation , the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, Inc. 501(c)(3) EIN : 64-6221541

1365-555: Was chartered in Mississippi , United States , to handle the project's legal needs. Donations to it are tax-deductible . Gregory B. Newby, while assistant professor at UNC School of Information and Library Science , and a long-time Project Gutenberg volunteer, in 2001, became the foundation's first CEO , later Arctic Region Supercomputing Center Director, later Compute Canada's Chief Technology Officer. All sister projects are independent organizations that share

1404-503: Was criticized by the Text Encoding Initiative for failing to include documentation or discussion of the decisions unavoidable in preparing a text, or in some cases, not documenting which of several (conflicting) versions of a text has been the one digitized. The selection of works (and editions) available has been determined by popularity, ease of scanning, being out of copyright, and other factors; this would be difficult to avoid in any crowd-sourced project. In March 2004, an initiative

1443-583: Was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital library . Most of the items in its collection are the full texts of books or individual stories in the public domain . All files can be accessed for free under an open format layout, available on almost any computer. As of 13 February 2024 , Project Gutenberg had reached 70,000 items in its collection of free eBooks. The releases are available in plain text as well as other formats, such as HTML , PDF , EPUB , MOBI , and Plucker wherever possible. Most releases are in

1482-423: Was lived in the streets and marketplaces.... Food and drink seem to have been everyone's preoccupation." Meng delights in street entertainments which serious writers disdained, even mentioning the performers by name: The descriptions of food include over one hundred famous dishes and snacks, local specialties, street snacks, as well as reflections on famous taverns, restaurants, pasta and noodle restaurant. The book

1521-437: Was to make the 10,000 most consulted books available to the public at little or no charge by the end of the 20th century. On July 4, 1971, after being inspired by a free printed copy of the U.S. Declaration of Independence, he decided to type the text into a computer, and to transmit it to other users on the computer network. This particular computer was one of the 15 nodes on ARPANET , the computer network that would become

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