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51-511: The Dassault Falcon is a family of business jets , manufactured by Dassault Aviation . Dassault produce the midsize Falcon 2000 S/LXS twinjet, the long-range Falcon 900 LX trijet and ultra-long range Dassault Falcon 7X /8X trijets. The first Falcon 20 took off on its first flight on 4 May 1963, and was handed over to a customer in 1965. The Falcon 900 was rolled out in 1984, and the Falcon 7X made its first flight in 2005. The 2,000th Falcon
102-608: A Gulfstream G750 ; in 2021 the Dassault Falcon 6X , Learjet 70 XR/75XR and Global 7500 XR; in 2022 the Bombardier Challenger 350XRS ; in 2023 the Citation Hemisphere , an Embraer Legacy 700, Phenom 100 V+, Dassault Falcon 9X, Bombardier Challenger 750 and Gulfstream G400NG ; in 2025 a Citation Mustang 2+. Most production business jets use two jet engines as a compromise between
153-471: A cruciform tail or T-tail to reduce interference drag and increase exhaust clearance. Practical limits on the ground clearance of these smaller aircraft have prompted designers to avoid the common jetliner configuration of a low wing with underslung podded engines. The sole business jet to use this layout, the early McDonnell 119, was rejected by the USAF due to foreign object damage concerns, leading to
204-601: A fighter . A U.S. type certificate was awarded in July 1958, but commercial sales were limited, with most examples going to the military; an improved civilian version similar to a modern very light jet , with a six-seat enclosed cabin and a conventional door, never proceeded past the prototype stage. The commercial failure of the MS.760 Paris prompted the cancellation of projects by Cessna and Douglas Aircraft to market similar jets. The development of center-aisle cabin business jets
255-466: A 44,500 lb (20.2 t) maximum take-off weight (MTOW), then two General Electric CF700 turbofans. The smaller, 17,760 pounds (8.06 t) MTOW North American Sabreliner , tailored to the USAF UTX requirement, first flew on 16 September 1958. Powered by two Pratt & Whitney JT12 turbojet engines then Garrett TFE731s , more than 800 were produced from 1959 to 1982. Designed in 1957 for
306-573: A business jet, Embraer derived the Legacy 600 from the Embraer ERJ family of regional jet airliners. Powered by two 8,800 pounds-force (39.2 kN) Rolls-Royce AE 3007s , the first flight of the 50,000 pounds (22.5 t) aircraft was on 31 March 2001. On 14 August 2001, the Bombardier Challenger 300 made its first flight. The 38,850 pounds (17.62 t) aircraft is powered by two 6,825 pounds-force (30.36 kN) HTF7000s . The 500th example
357-743: A dedicated VC-140B extensively for short trips and it was known within the Special Air Missions Wing as "Peanut One." Upon retirement, one airframe (#89001) was placed on a static pedestal in front of the Joint Base Andrews air terminal. Members of the VIP transport fleet occasionally served as Air Force One during the 1970s and 1980s. Several other countries, such as Germany and Canada , have used military JetStars as transports for their heads of state , heads of government , and other VIPs. The last operational JetStar (N313JS)
408-477: A five-year old aircraft is at 56% of the list price. A new business aircraft typically depreciates by 50% in five years before depreciation flattens between years 10 and 15, and the owner of a 15-to-20 year old aircraft is often the last, matching luxury cars . Business jets have varying value retention, between the leading Embraer Phenom 300 E, sold for $ 9.45 million in 2018 and expected to retain 68% of its value 15 years later for $ 6.46 million in 2033, and
459-455: A single pilot and up to three passengers under a sliding canopy, and was first flown on 29 July 1954; 219 were built. The Lockheed JetStar , designed to meet USAF UCX requirements and seating 10 passengers and two crew, first flew on 4 September 1957. In total, 204 aircraft were produced from 1957 to 1978 powered by several different engines; four 3,300 lbf (15 kN) Pratt & Whitney JT12 turbojets, then Garrett TFE731 turbofans for
510-673: A total of 689 examples, it is the first of the Cessna Citation family . The trijet Dassault Falcon 50 made its first flight on 7 November 1976. The 40,000 lb (18 t) MTOW airplane is powered by three 3,700 pounds-force (16 kN) TFE731 engines. With the cross-section of the Falcon 20, it is the basis of the larger Falcon 900 . On 8 November 1978, the prototype Canadair Challenger took off. The 43,000–48,000 lb (20–22 t) MTOW craft, usually powered by two 9,200 pounds-force (41 kN) General Electric CF34s , formed
561-428: Is Mach 0.8, or 567 mph (912 km/h) at 21,000 ft (6,401 m). Range is typically quoted as 2,500 mi (4,023 km) with a 3,500 lb (1,588 kg) payload. Typically, interiors feature seating for eight with a full-sized lavatory, or a slightly denser arrangement for ten. The JetStar is one of the few aircraft of its class which allow a person to walk upright in the cabin, although to do this
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#1732765471713612-427: Is a business jet produced from the early 1960s to the 1970s. The JetStar was the first dedicated business jet to enter service, as well as the only such airplane built by Lockheed . It was also one of the largest aircraft in the class for many years, seating ten plus two crew. It is distinguishable from other small jets by its four engines, mounted on the rear of the fuselage, and the "slipper"-style fuel tanks fixed to
663-654: Is expected to come from North America for 61%, 16% from Europe, 12% from Latin America, 7% from Asia-Pacific and 4% from Middle East and Africa. For the next decade, Aviation Week predicts 8,683 business jets and 2,877 turboprops deliveries, from 792 jets in 2019 to 917 in 2028, and mostly in North America with 5,986 jets and 2,024 turboprops worth $ 126.1 billion. Most value will come from ultra-long-range jets with $ 104.7 billion, followed by super-midsize jets for $ 33.3 billion and large jets for $ 30.6 billion. The fleet
714-486: Is noticeable in most pictures. The JetStar does not have any tail deicing capability, nor was it required for certification. A speed brake is located on the underside of the fuselage to aid deceleration for landing. The original prototypes used a tricycle landing gear with one wheel per leg, but after an accident in 1962 the nose gear was modified with two tires. The JetStar is a relatively heavy aircraft for its class, at 44,500 lb (19,278 kg). Maximum cruising speed
765-543: Is planned for certification in late 2025. Business jet A business jet , private jet , or bizjet is a jet aircraft designed for transporting small groups of people, typically business executives and high-ranking associates . Business jets are generally designed for faster air travel and more personal comfort than commercial aircraft , and may be adapted for other roles, such as casualty evacuation or express parcel deliveries , and some are used by public bodies , government officials , VIPs , or even
816-443: Is powered by two 1,600 pounds-force (7.2 kN) Pratt & Whitney Canada PW600s. With its Phenom 300 development, nearly 600 have been built. The first flight of the midsize, fly-by-wire , 7,000 lbf (31 kN) Honeywell HTF7000 -powered Embraer Legacy 500 was on 27 November 2012. It was followed by the shorter Legacy 450 on 28 December 2013. After peaking in 2008, deliveries slowed due to political instability but
867-594: The Cessna CitationJet was first flown. Powered by two 1,900 pounds-force (8.5 kN) Williams FJ44 engines, the 10,500 lb (4.8 t) light jet used a modified Citation II fuselage with a new wing and tail, and was subsequently developed into the CJ series and M2, ultimately replacing the Citation I, Citation II and Citation V series. The 2,000th CitationJet was delivered in 2017. The first flight of
918-681: The Learjet 23 . Powered by two 2,850 pounds-force (12.7 kN) General Electric CJ610s , its 12,500 lb (5.7 t) MTOW complies with FAR Part 23 regulations. The first member of the Learjet family, 104 were built between 1962 and 1966. The forward wing-sweep, 20,280 lb (9.20 t) MTOW Hamburger Flugzeugbau HFB 320 Hansa Jet first flew on 21 April 1964, powered by two General Electric CJ610s; 47 were built between 1965 and 1973. The joint Piaggo-Douglas, 18,000 lb (8.2 t) MTOW Piaggio PD.808 first flew on 29 August 1964, powered by two Armstrong Siddeley Vipers ; 24 were built for
969-675: The Shah of Iran and finally, to Puerto Rican boy band Menudo . Sixteen JetStars were produced for the USAF; five C-140As were flight inspection aircraft for the Air Force Communications Service and were used to perform airborne testing of airport navigational aids (navaids) from 1962 onwards. They began service during the Vietnam War and remained in service until the early 1990s. The "Flight Check" C-140As were combat-coded aircraft that could be distinguished from
1020-549: The VIP transport version by their distinctive paint scheme. The C-140As were deployed to southeast Asia during the Vietnam War, where, in addition to their more usual navaid testing, they would loiter off the coast and act as communications relays between the Pentagon and the battlefield. The last C-140A to be retired was placed on static display at Scott AFB, Illinois. An additional eleven airframes were designated C-140B , although
1071-411: The ailerons . The wing incorporates inflatable rubber deicing boots for the removal of ice accumulated in flight. The horizontal stabilizer is mounted nearly halfway up the fin to keep it clear of the engines' jet blast. One feature is that the horizontal stabilizer is trimmable by pivoting the entire tail fin and stabilizer assembly, which has a distinctive unpainted area at the base of the fin that
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#17327654717131122-536: The military . The first small, jet-powered civilian aircraft was the Morane-Saulnier MS.760 Paris , developed privately in the early 1950s from the MS.755 Fleuret two-seat jet trainer . First flown in 1954, the MS.760 Paris differs from subsequent business jets in having only four seats arranged in two rows without a center aisle, similar to a light aircraft , under a large sliding canopy similar to that of
1173-623: The Italian Air Force. On 2 October 1966 the first large business jet first flew, the 65,500 lb (29.7 t) MTOW Grumman Gulfstream II , powered by two 11,400 lbf (51 kN) Rolls-Royce Spey turbofans. From 1967 to the late '70s, 258 were built, and it led to the ongoing Gulfstream Aerospace long-range family. The 11,850 lb (5.38 t) MTOW Cessna Citation I first flew on 15 September 1969, powered by two 2,200 pounds-force (9.8 kN) Pratt & Whitney Canada JT15D turbofans. Produced between 1969 and 1985, for
1224-665: The UCX requirement, the McDonnell 119 was delayed by the cancellation of the Fairchild J83 engine program, and first flew on 11 February 1959 powered by four Westinghouse J34 turbojets. The 119 was certified for a 45,328 lb (20.6 t) MTOW with four Pratt & Whitney JT12 or General Electric CF700 engines, but no firm orders were received, and only the single prototype was completed. The 25,000 lb (11 t) MTOW British Aerospace 125 first flew on 13 August 1962 as
1275-551: The ability to use relatively short runways, and that lower approach speeds would ease single-pilot operations, particularly by relatively inexperienced owner-pilots. Rolls-Royce plc powers over 3,000 business jets, 42% of the fleet: all the Gulfstreams and Bombardier Globals , the Cessna Citation X and Embraer Legacy 600 , early Hawkers , and many small jets with the Williams-Rolls FJ44 . About 70% of
1326-488: The aisle is sunk slightly so that the seats are raised on either side. The windows are relatively large. The first prototype served as the personal transport of Lockheed's Vice President of Advanced Development Projects Kelly Johnson for some time. Elvis Presley owned two JetStars at different times; the second was named Hound Dog II and is on display at Graceland . Frank Sinatra also owned one. Additionally, one JetStar belonged to U.S. President Richard Nixon , then to
1377-470: The all-new Learjet 45 was on 7 October 1995. All of the 642 aircraft built since then have been powered by two 3,500 pounds-force (16 kN) TFE731 engines. Powered by two 2,300 pounds-force (10 kN) Williams FJ44s, the 12,500 pounds (5.7 t) Beechcraft Premier I light jet made its first flight on 22 December 1998. Nearly 300 had been made before production stopped in 2013. In the opposite way compared to Bombardier, which developed airliners from
1428-504: The basis of the long range Bombardier Global Express family and of the Bombardier CRJ regional airliners. The 1000th Challenger entered service in 2015. On 30 May 1979 the all-new 22,000 lb (10.0 t) MTOW Cessna Citation III took off for the first time, powered by two 3,650 lbf (16.2 kN) TFE731s. The Mitsubishi MU-300 Diamond made its first flight on 29 August 1978. The 16,100 lb (7.3 t) MTOW jet
1479-699: The de Havilland DH.125, powered by two 3,000 pounds-force (13 kN) Armstrong Siddeley Viper turbojets. Its engines were replaced by Garrett TFE731s, then Pratt & Whitney Canada PW300 turbofans. Almost 1,700 aircraft of all variants, including the Hawker 800 , were produced between 1962 and 2013. The Aero Commander 1121 Jet Commander, which later became the IAI Westwind , first flew on 27 January 1963, powered by two General Electric CJ610 turbojets, then Garrett TFE731s . Production of Jet Commanders and Westwinds from 1965 to 1987 came to 442 aircraft, and it
1530-519: The failure of the program. The recent HondaJet uses wing-mounted engines but mitigates this problem with its unique over-the-wing engine pods. As with jetliners, swept wings are often used to increase cruise speed, but straight wings are also commonplace; notably, Cessna deliberately prioritized docile low-speed handling in choosing straight wings for many models in its popular Citation family, envisioning that owners transitioning from slower piston engined or turboprop aircraft would want to maintain
1581-481: The first engine supplier with 30% of the $ 24B revenue, in front of the current leader Rolls-Royce at 25%. Honeywell will hold 45% of the $ 16B in avionics revenue ahead of Rockwell Collins with 37% and Garmin . For 2019–2028, Honeywell predicts 7,700 aircraft to be delivered for $ 251 billion. Its breakdown is 62% big (87% in value) – super-midsize to business liner, 10% midsize (7% in value) – light-medium to medium, and 28% small (6% in value). The global demand
Dassault Falcon family - Misplaced Pages Continue
1632-564: The first of these predated the C-140As when it was delivered in 1961. The C-140Bs were used to transport personnel by the Military Airlift Command . Six of the aircraft (tail numbers 61-2488, 61-2489, 61-2490, 61-2491, 61-2492 and 61-2493) were operated as VIP transports by the 89th Military Airlift Wing at Andrews Air Force Base. These VIP aircraft were designated as VC-140Bs . During the presidency of Jimmy Carter, he used
1683-560: The first prototype. The JT12 fit proved successful and was selected for the production versions, the first of which flew in mid 1960. These versions entered commercial service in 1961. Noise regulations in the United States and high fuel consumption led to the development of the 731 JetStar , a modification program which added new Garrett TFE731 turbofan engines with a number of detail changes. It has redesigned larger external fuel tanks that sit with their upper surfaces flush with
1734-784: The fleet was in North America at the end of 2011, the European market is the next largest, with growing activity in the Middle East, Asia, and Central America. On 1 April 2017, there were 22,368 business jets in the worldwide fleet, of which 11.2% were for sale. By October 2018, the entire private jet fleet was dominated by Textron ( Beechcraft , Cessna and Hawker branded aircraft) with 43.9%, then Bombardier with 22.4%, Gulfstream with 13.0%, Dassault with 9.6% and Embraer with 5.8%, mostly in North America (64.6%), followed by Europe (13.0%) South America (12.1%) and Asia-Pacific (5.9%). As on March 31, 2019, there are 22,125 business jets in
1785-567: The industry hopes to revive demand by introducing more attractive and competitive new models, four in 2018: In October 2018, consultant Jetcraft expected 20 variants or new designs to enter service before 2023 (seven large, seven midsize and six small): in 2019 the Global 5500/6500 , Gulfstream G600 , Citation XLS ++ and a CitationJet CJ4+ /, while the Embraer Praetor 500/600 to be introduced in 2019 were predicted for 2021/2022; in 2020
1836-545: The large investment necessary to develop prototypes. Both Lockheed Corporation and McDonnell Aircraft began the development of UCX aircraft, while North American Aviation pursued the UTX requirement. The Morane-Saulnier MS.760 Paris had a gross weight of 7,650 lb (3.47 t), initially powered by two Turboméca Marboré turbojets of 880 lbf (3.9 kN) thrust, although most aircraft were later upgraded to 1,058 lbf (4.71 kN) units. The aircraft seated
1887-483: The operating economy of fewer engines and the ability to safely continue flight after an engine failure. Exceptions include the early Lockheed Jetstar with four engines; the Dassault Falcon 50 and derivatives with three; and the Cirrus Vision SF50 with one, a configuration also used in several similar very light jet design concepts. Most business jets use podded engines mounted on the rear fuselage with
1938-475: The original JetStars. JetStar production totaled 204 aircraft by final delivery in 1978. Most original JetStars have been retired, but many 731 JetStars and JetStar IIs are still flying in various roles, mainly as corporate and private jets. The JetStar has a fairly typical business jet design layout, with a swept wing and a cruciform tail . The wing has a 30° sweepback and features large fuel tanks at about half-span, extending some distance in front and behind
1989-485: The trailing $ 24.5 million Gulfstream G280 , predicted to retain 42% of its value for $ 10.25 million. In October 2017 Jetcraft forecast 8,349 unit deliveries in the next decade for $ 252 billion, a 30.2 $ M average. Cessna should lead the numbers with 27.3% of the deliveries ahead of Bombardier with 20.9%, while Gulfstream would almost lead the revenue market share with 27.8% trailing Bombardier with 29.2%. For 2016–2025, Jetcraft forecast Pratt & Whitney Canada should be
2040-497: The wing in a configuration unique amongst business jets. As of March 2020, 150 had been delivered. It was followed by the 8,645 pounds (3.921 t) MTOW Cessna Citation Mustang on 23 April 2005, powered by two 1,460 pounds-force (6.5 kN) Pratt & Whitney Canada PW600s and with more than 450 produced. Then the Embraer Phenom 100 made its maiden flight on 26 July 2007. The 10,500 pounds (4.75 t) MTOW airplane
2091-549: The wing, rather than being centered on it. The cockpit area has a somewhat more "modern" looking nose and window arrangement. The 731 JetStar modification program was so successful that Lockheed produced 40 new JetStars, designated the JetStar II , from 1976 to 1979. The JetStar IIs were factory-new aircraft with the turbofan engines and revised external fuel tanks. Both 731 JetStars and JetStar IIs have greatly increased range, reduced noise, and better runway performance compared to
Dassault Falcon family - Misplaced Pages Continue
2142-406: The wing. The wings hold 10,000 pounds of fuel, and each slipper tank holds 4,000 pounds of fuel for a total fuel load of 18,000 pounds. The wing also includes leading edge flaps (not slats) along the front of the wing outboard of the tanks (these leading edge flaps reduce the stalling speed by an additional three knots), while double-slotted trailing edge flaps span the entire rear surface inboard of
2193-473: The wings. The JetStar originated as a private project within Lockheed, with an eye to winning a United States Air Force (USAF) requirement that was later dropped due to budget cuts. Lockheed decided to continue the project on its own for the business market. The first two prototypes were equipped with two Bristol Siddeley Orpheus engines, the first of these flying on 4 September 1957. The second of these
2244-1010: The worldwide fleet and top 20 country markets account for 89% of this total fleet. In 2015 the total airplane billing amounted to US$ 21.9 billion, and 718 business jets were delivered to customers across the globe: 199 (27.7%) by Bombardier Aerospace , 166 (23.1%) by Textron Aviation , 154 (21.4%) by Gulfstream Aerospace , 120 (16.7%) by Embraer and 55 (7.7%) by Dassault Aviation . In 2017, 676 business jets were shipped, led by Gulfstream with $ 6.56 billion for 120 aircraft, Bombardier with $ 5.2 billion for 140, Textron with $ 2.87 billion (including propeller aircraft and 180 jets), Dassault with $ 2.42 billion for 49 and Embraer with $ 1.35 billion for 109. In 2022, 712 business jets were shipped, led by Gulfstream with $ 6.60 billion for 120 aircraft, Bombardier with $ 6,04 billion for 123, Textron Aviation with $ 3,62 billion, Dassault Aviation with $ 1,76 billion for 32, Embraer with $ 1,36 for 102 and Pilatus with $ 900 million for 123 aircraft. The residual value level for
2295-428: Was accelerated by an August 1956 United States Air Force (USAF) letter of the requirement for two " off-the-shelf " aircraft, the larger UCX (cargo) and smaller UTX (trainer). These requirements differed from standard USAF procurement contracts in that no formal competitions would occur, and manufacturers were expected to develop the aircraft without government funds; despite this, a substantial USAF purchase would offset
2346-689: Was also equipped with the wing-mounted "slipper tanks", which was originally to be an option. Lockheed attempted to arrange a contract to produce the Orpheus in the US, but when these negotiations failed it re-engined the second prototype with four Pratt & Whitney JT12s in 1959. The outer engines were mounted beside the inner ones, an arrangement that was later used on the Vickers VC10 and Ilyushin Il-62 airliners. The slipper tanks were removed and placed on
2397-410: Was delivered in 2009, and the Falcon 8X made its first flight in 2015. The 2,500th Falcon was delivered in July 2017, as more than 2,100 were in service with 1,230 operators in 90 countries, having accumulated 17.8 million flight hours. In 2018, Dassault launched the Falcon 6X with a 5,500 nmi (10,200 km) range. By May 2023, more than 2,700 business jets have been delivered. The Falcon 10X
2448-498: Was delivered in 2015. The first very light jet, the 5,950 pounds (2.70 t) MTOW Eclipse 500 , took off for the first time on 26 August 2002, powered by two 900 pounds-force (4.0 kN) Pratt & Whitney Canada PW600s . Between then and the end of production in 2008, 260 were produced. Another new small jet, the 10,701 pounds (4.854 t) Honda HA-420 HondaJet , first flew on 3 December 2003 powered by two 2,050 pounds-force (9.1 kN) GE Honda HF120 engines mounted above
2499-523: Was developed as the IAI Astra , later rebranded as the Gulfstream G100 . The 29,000 lb (13 t) MTOW Dassault Falcon 20 first flew on 4 May 1963, powered by two General Electric CF700s , then Garrett ATF3 turbofans and Garrett TFE731s. In total, 508 were built from 1963 to 1988, and it is the basis of the Dassault Falcon family. The first light jet first flew on 7 October 1963 -
2550-416: Was powered by two 2,900 lbf (13 kN) JT15D . The design was later sold and was renamed Beechjet 400 then Hawker 400 , with a total of 950 produced of all variants. The 1980s only saw the introduction of derivatives and no major new designs. Also there was an advent of fractional ownership in the late 1980s for business jets. For much of the 1980s, sales of new aircraft slumped. On 29 April 1991,
2601-634: Was predicted to grow from 31,300 aircraft to nearly 35,600 with Textron leading the market with 25% of deliveries worth $ 32.1 billion. For the decade starting in 2018, 22,190 engine deliveries were forecast (including several turboprop engine models), led by the Honeywell HTF7000 , Williams FJ44 and Pratt & Whitney Canada PW300 . The average utilization was forecast to be 365 flight hours per aircraft per year. Lockheed JetStar The Lockheed JetStar (company designations L-329 and L-1329 ; designated C-140 in US military service)
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