67-731: The Deer Lodge Central Business Historic District , in Deer Lodge, Montana , in Powell County, Montana , is a historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008. The 13 acres (5.3 ha) district includes three blocks on both sides of Deer Lodge's Main Street between Cottonwood Ave. to the north and Montana Ave. to the south, and the closer sides of two blocks of 2nd St. and 4th St. (Main St.
134-646: A battle which culminated in the creation of Powell County in 1901, with its county seat at Deer Lodge. After statehood, the State of Montana let a contract to run Montana State Prison , which was awarded to Frank Conley and Thomas McTague. They held the contract until 1908. In that year, the State took over running Montana State Prison, appointing Frank Conley as warden. Conley remained in that capacity until 1921, when Governor Joseph M. Dixon replaced Conley with M. W. Potter . The Governor then commissioned an investigation of Conley's administration. This resulted in
201-472: A business in Cottonwood. Creation of Idaho Territory in 1863 induced a name change to Idaho City. With the 1864 designation of Montana Territory, Deer Lodge City became the choice. Montana's first territorial legislature defined most of the boundaries of Deer Lodge County , establishing the county seat at the placer mining camp of Silver Bow City, near Butte. In September 1865, county voters transferred
268-605: A division headquarters for the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad ("the Milwaukee Road") before the railroad's local abandonment in 1980. The current Montana State Prison occupies a campus 3.5 miles (5.6 km) west of town. The former prison site, at the south end of Deer Lodge's Main Street, is now the Old Prison Museum . In addition to a former cellblock building, the museum complex includes
335-484: A frequency of 3.1% (respectively 0.9% and 2.2%) in European Americans, although that frequency may be scattered by region. DNA analysis on native European Americans by geneticist Mark D. Shriver showed an average of 0.7% Native African admixture and 3.2% Native American admixture. The same author, in another study, claimed that about 30% of all European Americans, approximately 66 million people, have
402-583: A location named Redgate on the eastside of Deer Lodge. Many of the locals have had their fair share of bad experiences with "redgate". Henry Huber had this to say about the subject: "one time I drove a girl up there and after parking she touched my left leg, I came instantly just from the touch, I believe an alien possessed me and made me do it." The following individuals are either notable current or former residents of Deer Lodge. European-Americans European Americans are Americans of European ancestry. This term includes both people who descend from
469-599: A mass exodus of Metis families to the Red River country of Manitoba, Canada . In 1869, the Territorial Prison was located at Deer Lodge. Also that year, the town site plat for Deer Lodge City was recorded. In 1878, Montana Collegiate Institute was established at Deer Lodge City. It opened for classes in 1883 and closed in 1914. Attorney Horace Clagett , of the Deer Lodge firm Clagett and Dixon,
536-448: A median of 2.3% of native African admixture. Later, Shriver retracted his statement, saying that actually around 5% of European Americans exhibit some detectable level of native African ancestry. From the 23andMe database, about 5 to at least 13 percent of self-identified European American Southerners have greater than 1 percent native African ancestry. Southern states with the highest African American populations tended to have
603-728: A part of Spanish Florida , and the Russians were the first Europeans to settle in Alaska , establishing Russian America . The first English child born in the Americas was Virginia Dare , born August 18, 1587. She was born in Roanoke Colony , located in present-day North Carolina , which was the first attempt, made during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I , to establish a permanent English settlement in North America. In
670-669: A proportion of new arrivals has declined since the mid-20th century, with 75.0% of the total foreign-born population born in Europe compared to 12.1% recorded in the 2010 census. The figures below show that of the total population of the specified birthplace in the United States, 11.1% were born overseas. Breakdowns of the European American population into sub-components is a difficult and rather arbitrary exercise. Farley (1991) argues that "because of ethnic intermarriage,
737-526: A survey was conducted of census recipients to determine their preferred terminology for the racial/ethnic groups defined in the Directive. For the White group, European American came a distant third, preferred by only 2.35% of panel interviewees, as opposed to White , which was preferred by 61.66%. The term is sometimes used interchangeably with Caucasian American, White American , and Anglo-American in
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#1732783483766804-401: A tall, false-front covering a gabled roof extending behind it, some of them being free-standing (in contrast to most other buildings in the district which share adjoining walls). These include: Other buildings in the district include: Deer Lodge, Montana Deer Lodge is a city in and the county seat of Powell County , Montana , United States. The population was 2,938 at
871-485: A theater, antique and automobile museums, and a former Milwaukee Road " Little Joe " electric locomotive. Deer Lodge is also the location of Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site , dedicated to the interpretation of the frontier cattle ranching era. This site was the home of Conrad Kohrs , one of the famous "Cattle Kings" of Montana whose land holdings once stretched over a million acres (4,000 km ) of Montana, Wyoming , and Alberta , Canada. The Grant-Kohrs ranch
938-590: A victory party. Frank Conley was elected the fifth (1892–93), seventh (1895–1903) and tenth (1907–1928) mayor of Deer Lodge City. When he resigned for the last time, an article in the Billings Gazette called him 'the longest serving mayor in American history'. Mayor Conley was instrumental in bringing the division headquarters and shops of the Milwaukee Road to Deer Lodge City in 1910. Over
1005-419: Is a local radio station licensed in Deer Lodge . Deer Lodge has been a filming location for a number of movies including: In a 2004 documentary titled The Secret of Redgate by Lynda J. Cowen and Jim Marrs , a number of Deer Lodge residents explain about their experiences with extraterrestrial beings and the rumours surrounding these events. These occurrences which date back some fifty years took place at
1072-665: Is effectively 3rd St.) This includes 61 main buildings, of which 46 are contributing buildings , and three auxiliary buildings. It includes the Rialto Theater (1921), at 418 Main Street, which was separately listed on the National Register in 1998. The district includes early Western Commercial, Late Victorian, Classical Revival, and Romanesque Revival architecture. Buildings in the district includes some Early Western Commercial works, built before approximately 1884. These are single-story, wood-frame or brick, with
1139-474: The 2000 census this represented over 56.1 million or 19.9% of the United States population, an increase from 26.2 million (10.5%) in 1990 and 38.2 million (16.9%) in 1980 and are specified as "unclassified" and "not reported". In 1995, as part of a review of the Office of Management and Budget 's Statistical Policy Directive No. 15 (Race and Ethnic Standards for Federal Statistics and Administrative Reporting),
1206-399: The 2020 United States census , British Americans (58 million), German Americans (45 million), Irish Americans (38 million), Italian Americans (17 million) and Polish Americans (9 million) were the five largest self-reported European ancestry groups in the United States. The 2020 census was the first census to allow data collection on subtypes of Europeans. During previous surveys,
1273-566: The 2020 census . The city is perhaps best known as the home of the Montana State Prison , a major local employer. The Montana State Hospital in Warm Springs and the former state tuberculosis sanitarium in nearby Galen are the result of the power the western part of the state held over Montana at statehood due to the copper and mineral wealth in that area. Deer Lodge was also once an important railroad town, serving as
1340-520: The Copper Kings era at Butte. In 1883, Daly established his smelter facilities at newly platted Anaconda, Montana . Anaconda immediately became Deer Lodge County's major population center and employer. Smelting activities at Butte and Anaconda left behind enormous amounts of toxic wastes. Flooding on Silver Bow Creek and Warm Springs Creek , particularly in the great valley flood of 1908, spread toxic wastes from Butte through Deer Lodge City, to
1407-494: The MacDonald Report , which would be used as the basis for a civil lawsuit by the State of Montana against Conley. The year following, Montana Attorney General Wellington Rankin sued Conley for misuse of state funds and materials, in the case State of Montana vs Frank Conley . The case took three months to try and resulted in the State of Montana being ordered to reimburse Conley. Deer Lodge City celebrated with
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#17327834837661474-778: The Milltown Dam , just east of Missoula. As a result of legal actions begun in 1983 and culminating in 2008, the course of the Clark Fork River from Anaconda to the Milltown Dam was declared to be a Superfund cleanup site . Cleanup costs are financed from the settlement with ARCO (now BP-ARCO). Interstate 90 bypassed Deer Lodge in 1960. In 1961, the Milwaukee Road ended its Olympian Hiawatha passenger trains. Limited passenger service between Minneapolis and Deer Lodge continued until 1964, at which time all Milwaukee Road passenger service to Deer Lodge ended. In
1541-811: The Mullan Road , which connected Walla Walla, Washington Territory with Fort Benton , then in Dakota Territory . The Mullan Road passed through the north end of the Deer Lodge Valley. John Francis (Johnny) Grant built the first permanent structures in the valley in 1859–60, at Grantsville near present-day Garrison . Grant had begun grazing cattle and horse herds in the north valley several years previously and "wintered over" there in 1857–58. In 1860, feeling as he said "lonely", he returned to Fort Hall for summer trading and induced several fellow trader/trappers and their families to return to
1608-537: The United Kingdom to the United States persisted and provide a substantial cultural basis for much of the modern United States . Fischer explains "the origins and stability of a social system which for two centuries has remained stubbornly democratic in its politics, capitalist in its economy, libertarian in its laws and individualist in its society and pluralistic in its culture." Much of
1675-569: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 1.44 square miles (3.73 km ), all land. Small creeks can be found in and near town, such as Cottonwood Creek and Peterson Creek. This climatic region is typified by large seasonal and diurnal temperature differences owing to its high elevation and dry conditions throughout the year. The city is marked by warm to hot summers and cold—sometimes severely cold—winters inherent in microthermal climates. As of
1742-420: The census of 2020, the city of Deer Lodge had lost more than one third of its peak census population of 1960. As of the census of 2010, there were 3,111 people, 1,386 households, and 847 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,160.4 inhabitants per square mile (834.1/km ). There were 1,549 housing units at an average density of 1,075.7 per square mile (415.3/km ). The racial makeup of
1809-514: The 1960s. Some European Americans such as Italians , Greeks , Poles , Germans , Ukrainians , Irish , and others have maintained high levels of ethnic identity. In the 1960s, the melting pot ideal to some extent gave way to increased interest in cultural pluralism, strengthening affirmations of ethnic identity among various American ethnic groups, European as well as others. The American legal system also has its roots in French philosophy with
1876-494: The 1970s, the Anaconda Copper Company suffered financial setbacks which ultimately caused its 1977 merger with ARCO . By 1982, ARCO had closed down the smelter at Anaconda and stopped mining copper at Butte. In 1980, the Milwaukee Road shut down its western extension . All of its infrastructure from Seattle, Washington to Miles City, Montana was torn out, including the rails themselves. According to
1943-574: The Deer Lodge Elementary District, which includes students from K-8th grades, had 400 students. High school education in Powell County is served by Powell County High School located in Deer Lodge. In 2022, the high school had 175 students enrolled. The school currently competes athletically in the 6B conference with Superior, Missoula Loyola, Valley Christian, Darby and Florence. Although being in existence since 1903
2010-606: The European-American cultural lineage can be traced back to Western and Northern Europe , which is institutionalized in the government, traditions, and civic education in the United States. Since most later European Americans have assimilated into American culture, many Americans of European ancestry now generally express their personal ethnic ties sporadically and symbolically and do not consider their specific ethnic origins to be essential to their identity; however, European American ethnic expression has been revived since
2077-684: The Mississippi River in search of riches and fortune. Another Spaniard who explored the United States, Francisco Vázquez de Coronado , set out from New Spain in 1540 in search of the mythical Seven Cities of Gold . Coronado's expedition traveled to Kansas and the Grand Canyon but failed to discover gold or treasure. However, Coronado left a gift of horses to the Plains Indians. Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazano and Frenchman Jacques Cartier are other Europeans who explored
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2144-686: The Race Track mining district on the west side of the Deer Lodge Valley. Early European trapper/traders passing through the valley referred to it as "the Deer House Plains". The Clark Fork river was called the Arrow Stone River in the 1830s. By the 1850s it was called the Deer Lodge Creek/Hellgate River. Catholic Father Pierre-Jean De Smet brought the first wagons known to have passed through
2211-574: The Spaniards. The first Spanish colonization was in 1565 at St. Augustine, Florida . One of the most significant Spanish explorers was Hernando De Soto , a conquistador who accompanied Francisco Pizzaro during his conquest of the Inca Empire . Leaving Havana, Cuba, in 1539, De Soto's expedition landed in Florida. It explored the southeastern area of the United States. They reached as far as
2278-463: The Stuart brothers and Reese Anderson established American Fork near present-day Gold Creek. Also in that year Johnny Grant moved his large family to his newly built house at Deer Lodge, at the present-day site of Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site . During the next two years, placer gold discoveries at Grasshopper Creek, Alder Gulch and other locations to the south caused a population decline in
2345-567: The United States. In contexts such as medical research, terms such as "white" and "European" have been criticized for vagueness and blurring important distinctions between different groups that happen to fit within the label. Margo Adair suggests that viewing Americans of European descent as a single group contributes to the " wonder-breading " of the United States, eradicating the cultural heritage of individual European ethnicities. There are several subgroupings of European Americans. While these categories may be approximately defined, often due to
2412-519: The United States. The Spaniards viewed the French as threatening their trade route along the Gulf Stream. Since 1607, some 57 million immigrants from other lands have come to the United States. Approximately 10 million passed through on their way to some other place or returned to their homelands, leaving a net gain of 47 million people. Before 1881, the vast majority of immigrants, almost 86% of
2479-402: The average family size was 2.93. In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 93.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.2 males. The median income for a household in the city
2546-557: The city was 96.8% White , 0.6% African American , 0.8% Native American , 0.6% Asian , and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.2% of the population. There were 1,386 households, of which 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.9% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.9% were non-families. 35.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.6% had someone living alone who
2613-403: The city. The population density was 2,369.3 inhabitants per square mile (914.8/km ). There were 1,593 housing units at an average density of 1,103.3 per square mile (426.0/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 95.67% White , 0.03% African American , 1.02% Native American , 0.61% Asian , 0.61% from other races , and 2.05% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.84% of
2680-629: The current Montana State Prison facility in a nearby unincorporated area in Powell County , near Deer Lodge. Deer Lodge School District has two components: Deer Lodge Elementary School District and Powell County High School District. All of Deer Lodge is in the Deer Lodge Elementary School District and the Powell County High School District. Deer Lodge Schools educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. In 2022,
2747-598: The diverse nations of the United Kingdom and Ireland , such as the English , Irish , Cornish , Manx , Scotch-Irish , Scottish and Welsh . Colonial ties to the United Kingdom spread the English language , legal system and other cultural attributes. Scholar David Hackett Fischer asserts in Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America that the folkways of four groups of people who moved from distinct regions of
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2814-506: The first European settlers in the area of the present-day United States and people who descend from more recent European arrivals. Since the 17th century, European Americans have been the largest panethnic group in what is now the United States. The Spaniards are thought to have been the first Europeans to establish a continuous presence in what is now the contiguous United States , with Martín de Argüelles ( b. 1566) in St. Augustine , then
2881-518: The first addition to Deer Lodge City in 1872. Perhaps its most prominent building was the former St. Joseph's Hospital. Deer Lodge City was incorporated in 1888, with a mayor and aldermen as officers. Montana achieved statehood in 1889 and a battle ensued between Helena and Anaconda over the location of the capitol in which Helena finally triumphed in 1894. In 1896, Anaconda took the Deer Lodge County seat away from Deer Lodge. This began
2948-460: The highest percentages of hidden African ancestry. European Americans on average are: "98.6 percent Native European, 0.19 percent Native African and 0.18 percent Native American." Inferred British/Irish ancestry is found in European Americans from all states at mean proportions of above 20%, and represents a majority of ancestry, above 50% mean proportion, in states such as Mississippi, Arkansas, and Tennessee. Scandinavian ancestry in European Americans
3015-448: The imprecise or cultural regionalization of Europe, the subgroups are nevertheless used widely in cultural or ethnic identification. This is particularly the case in diasporic populations, as with European people in the United States generally. In alphabetical order, some of the subgroups are: Before the arrival of Europeans, Native Americans predominantly inhabited the United States. The earliest Europeans to colonize North America were
3082-484: The library was struggling financially, and was operating without a library director. Deer Lodge-City-County Airport is a public use airport located 2 miles west of town. The nearest commercial airport is Bert Mooney Airport in Butte. Deer Lodge Medical Center is a critical access hospital located in town. The Silver State Post owned by Mullen Newspaper Company is Powell County's only newspaper. KQRV (96.9 FM)
3149-490: The next decade, he presided over upbuilding the town's infrastructure to accommodate the rapidly expanding population. He was also responsible for the building of the City Hall. In 1908, inmates W. A. Hayes and George Rock killed guard John Robinson and seriously wounded Warden Conley in an attempted prison breakout . In 1959, a prolonged riot occurred at the prison, led by Jerry Miles and Lee Smart , which resulted in
3216-402: The number of people with British ancestry was considered to be significantly under-counted, as many people in that demographic tended to identify themselves simply as Americans (20,151,829 or 7.2%). A 2015 genetic study of 148,789 European Americans concluded that British ancestry was the most common European ancestry among white Americans, with this component ranging between 20% and 55% of
3283-493: The numerous generations that separate respondents from their forebears and the apparent unimportance to many whites of European origin, responses appear quite inconsistent". As the largest component of the American population, the overall American culture deeply reflects the European-influenced culture that predates the United States of America as an independent state. Much of American culture shows influences from
3350-408: The population. There were 1,442 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.7% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.8% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and
3417-471: The primary site being at present-day Deer Lodge. During the 1850s, trapper/traders from Fort Hall began wintering herds of horses and cattle in the valley. Also during that decade placer gold finds were made near present-day Gold Creek , first in 1852 by Francois (Bennetsee) Findley , followed in 1856 by Hereford, Saunders, Madison et al., and in 1858–61 by James and Granville Stuart, Reese Anderson et al. In 1860–62, Lt. John Mullan oversaw construction of
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#17327834837663484-484: The protected valley in which Deer Lodge is located was where most of the local wildlife would winter as the temperatures lowered in the high country. Deer Lodge was the site of the College of Montana , the first institution of higher learning in the state. Extant mentions of the Deer Lodge Valley prior to 1860 are found as occasional remarks in records written for other purposes. Consistent record-keeping begins with
3551-564: The school won its first athletic team state championship in golf in 2005. The team name is the Wardens. The William K. Kohrs Memorial Library, built in Deer Lodge in 1902, is "the only dedicated public library in Powell County." The Kohrs library is modeled after the Carnegie Libraries . "It was built "for $ 30,000 by pioneer cattle baron Conrad Kohrs and his wife Augusta as a memorial to their son." As of December 2012 ,
3618-531: The seat to Deer Lodge City. During the first half of the 1860s, Granville Stuart described valley social life as including many gay dances and parties, which was the way of the Metis. By 1866, Johnny Grant and many of his fellow Metis had become disenchanted with their increasingly numerous neighbors from "the States". In that year, Grant sold most of his Deer Lodge Valley holdings to Conrad Kohrs and in 1867 led
3685-438: The separation of powers and the federal system along with English law in common law. Another area of cultural influence are American Patriotic songs : Before 1931, other songs served as the hymns of American officialdom. Some European Americans have varying amounts of Native American and Native African ancestry. In a recent study, Gonçalves et al. 2007 reported Native African and Native American mtDna lineages at
3752-513: The slaying of Deputy Warden Ted Rothe and the eventual suicides of Miles and Smart. All inmates were moved in 1977–79 to a new state prison facility outside of Deer Lodge. The town of Deer Lodge employs the Powell County Museum & Arts Foundation to manage the old facility as a museum. In the 1870s, Butte developed into a rich silver mining camp. Marcus Daly 's discovery of rich copper veins in his Anaconda mine launched
3819-439: The total population in all 50 states. The same applies to Americans of Spanish ancestry, as many people in that demographic tend to identify themselves as Hispanic and Latino Americans (58,846,134 or 16.6%), even though they carry a mean of 65.1% European genetic ancestry, mainly from Spain . An increasing number of people ignored the ancestry question or chose no specific ancestral group such as "American or United States". In
3886-470: The total, arrived from Northwestern Europe , principally Great Britain , Ireland , Germany , and Scandinavia , known as "Old Immigration". Between 1881 and 1893, the pattern shifted in the sources of U.S. "New Immigration." Between 1894 and 1914, immigrants from Central , Eastern , and Southern Europe accounted for 69% of the total. Prior to 1960, the overwhelming majority came from Europe or of European descent from Canada. Immigration from Europe as
3953-412: The valley as an alternative route to and from the buffalo hunting grounds to the east. The first documented visit to this area by European-American explorers occurred in 1805–1806, when Lewis and Clark 's Corps of Discovery expedition passed by the Deer Lodge Valley without entering it. Evidence of earlier incursion, probably by Spaniards, was noted by miner James B. Beattle on Sugar Loaf mountain in
4020-505: The valley with him at the end of the season. Instead of locating at Grantsville, his friends chose to build at the site of present-day Deer Lodge, where several Mexican trapper/traders and their Metis families had already established the seasonal settlement of Spanish Fork. While Johnny Grant had been at Fort Hall, several people had come from Fort Union down the Mullan Road route and begun building homes at Grantsville. In 1861,
4087-554: The valley, in 1841. In 1846, the Deer Lodge Valley became part of the United States and Oregon Territory with the signing of the Oregon Treaty by the U. S. and Great Britain . From 1853 to 1863 it was in Washington Territory , then briefly part of Idaho Territory until the creation of Montana Territory in 1864. European-American settlement of the valley gained momentum during the 1850s and 60's, with
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#17327834837664154-582: The valley, including the abandonment of Grantsville and American Fork. Beginning in 1864 with gold strikes to the north, Deer Lodge City grew rapidly as a base for supplies to mines in the surrounding mountains. By 1861–1862, Spanish Fork was more often referred to as Cottonwood. In 1862, a Deer Lodge Town Committee was established to lay out the town site, to be called LaBarge City - after Missouri River steamboat Captain Joseph LaBarge whose firm, LaBarge, Harkness & Company, had proposed to start
4221-446: The writings of Granville Stuart and others in the early 1860s. 1860 marks the beginning of permanent occupation of both the valley and the future site of the city of Deer Lodge by European-Americans . Before 1860, the Deer Lodge Valley was not the territory of any American Indian group. Gatherings were held there, including horse races. American Indian groups from the west, Flatheads , Pend d'Oreilles et al. passed through
4288-530: Was $ 29,859, and the median income for a family was $ 36,108. Males had a median income of $ 27,903 versus $ 20,227 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 14,883. About 8.7% of families and 10.9% of the population were below the poverty line , including 13.3% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over. The United States Postal Service operates the Deer Lodge Post Office. The Montana Department of Corrections operates
4355-493: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.79. The median age in the city was 45.7 years. 22.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.3% were from 25 to 44; 30.4% were from 45 to 64; and 20.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 3,421 people, 1,442 households, and 911 families residing in
4422-418: Was built in 1862 by Johnny Grant, a Scottish/French/ Metis fur-trader and trapper who encouraged his people to settle in Deer Lodge because of its pleasant climate and large areas of bunch grass prairie, ideal for raising cattle and horses. The city's name derives from a geological formation known as Warm Springs Mound which contained natural saline that made for a natural salt lick for the local deer population,
4489-479: Was elected U.S. Representative from Montana Territory for the 1871–73 term. He was defeated for reelection by Martin Maginnis . Clagett was noted for introducing the legislation establishing Yellowstone National Park . Clagett's partner, William W. Dixon , later moved to Butte and upset Thomas H. Carter in 1891 to serve a single term as U.S. Representative from the State of Montana . Clagett and Dixon platted
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