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53-484: Delano Joint Union High School District ( DJUHSD ) is a public school district based in Kern County, California , United States. Other programs: This California school-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Kern County, California Kern County is a county located in the U.S. state of California . As of the 2020 census , the population was 909,235. Its county seat

106-507: A household in the county was $ 35,446, and the median income for a family was $ 39,403. Males had a median income of $ 38,097 versus $ 25,876 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 15,760. About 16.8% of families and 20.8% of the population were below the poverty line , including 27.8% of those under age 18 and 10.5% of those age 65 or over. Kern County is associated with the Bakersfield sound . The Buck Owens Crystal Palace

159-420: A population that is 54.9% Hispanic as of 2020, Kern is California's third-most populous majority-Hispanic county and the sixth-largest nationwide . Native Americans lived in this region for hundreds of years: Chumash , tribes grouped together under the settler name Yokuts , and others. Spain claimed the area in 1769. Entering from Grapevine Canyon to the south in 1772, Commander Don Pedro Fages became

212-588: A whole is seen as being competitive with a Republican lean. The remainder of the unincorporated areas of Kern County are seen as strongly Republican. In the United States House of Representatives , Kern County is split between California's 20th congressional district , represented by Republican Vince Fong , California's 22nd congressional district , represented by Republican David Valadao , and California's 23rd congressional district , represented by Republican Jay Obernolte . In

265-663: Is Bakersfield . Kern County comprises the Bakersfield, California, Metropolitan statistical area . The county spans the southern end of the Central Valley . Covering 8,161.42 square miles (21,138.0 km ), it ranges west to the southern slope of the Coast Ranges , and east beyond the southern slope of the eastern Sierra Nevada into the Mojave Desert , at the city of Ridgecrest . Its northernmost city

318-556: Is Delano , and its southern reach extends to just beyond Frazier Park , and the northern extremity of the parallel Antelope Valley . The county's economy is heavily linked to agriculture and to petroleum extraction. There is also a strong aviation, space, and military presence, such as Edwards Air Force Base , the China Lake Naval Air Weapons Station , and the Mojave Air and Space Port . With

371-424: Is a California Constitution -defined general law county and is governed by an elected Board of Supervisors. The Board consists of five members, elected by districts, who serve four-year staggered terms. The county government provides countywide services such as elections and voter registration, some law enforcement, jails, vital records, property records, tax collection, public health, and social services. In addition,

424-620: Is a strongly Republican county in Presidential and congressional elections. The last Democratic candidate for president to win a majority in the county was Lyndon Johnson in 1964 . The county is also a Republican stronghold at the state level, with Jerry Brown being the last Democrat to win the county in a gubernatorial election in 1978. Kern remains the only county in Southern California that consistently votes Republican in recent elections. However, Republican margins in

477-601: Is almost three times as large in surface area, for a lower overall density. Elevations on the Kern River Oil Field range from approximately 400 to 1,000 feet (120 to 300 m), rising towards the northeast, and the Kern River flows south of the field, from east to west, from the Sierra Nevada into the city of Bakersfield. The oil field is one of many contiguous oil fields along the eastern edge of

530-416: Is among the most prolific with the death penalty, assigning death penalty sentences in 26 cases since 1976. In 2015 Kern County policemen from all departments killed more people per capita than any other American county. Because of the very harsh local criminal justice system, Kern County has been dubbed "the most punitive authoritarian jurisdiction on the west coast" and " Oklahoma of the west". In 2015, it

583-596: Is considerably less than in many other regions of California. Whitethorn is a prominent example of chaparral species on the rocky slopes of the Sierra Nevada as well as the Inner Coastal Ranges. California Buckeye is a notable tree found in both chaparral and forests and whose southern range terminates in Kern County. According to the 2020 United States Census , Kern County's population

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636-635: Is contracted to provide dispatch services for the California City Fire Department. Over 546 uniformed firefighters are stationed in 46 fire stations throughout the county. The Kern County Sheriff's Department is the agency responsible for law enforcement within the county of Kern. The department provides law enforcement within the county, maintains the jails used by both the county and municipal cities, and provides search and rescue. The department contains over 1,200 sworn deputies and civilian employees. Its jurisdiction contains all of

689-443: Is found in the foothill, mountain and high desert communities of the county. The cities of Maricopa, Ridgecrest, Taft and Tehachapi are Republican strongholds. Along with the northern parts of Bakersfield, the wealthy unincorporated area of Rosedale and working-class Oildale are also seen as being strongly Republican. Cities like California City and the western areas of Bakersfield are seen as competitive in most elections. Bakersfield as

742-585: Is governed by a five-member Board of Supervisors . Jeff Flores of District 3 currently serves as chairman. As of August 2, 2024, they are: Fire protection within the county is provided by the Kern County Fire Department . Law enforcement within the county is provided by the Kern County Sheriff's Department . The Kern County Fire Department (KCFD) is an agency that provides fire protection and emergency medical services for

795-644: Is home to the Tehachapi Energy Storage Project , which was commissioned in 2014. Department of Defense facilities include Edwards Air Force Base and China Lake Naval Air Weapons Station . As home to Edwards Air Force Base the Air Force's main flight test facility, Kern has been the site of many milestones, including the first supersonic flight and the first landing of the Space Shuttle . The base has brought prosperity to

848-492: Is located in Bakersfield. The United States Office of Management and Budget has designated Kern County as the Bakersfield, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area . The United States Census Bureau ranked the Bakersfield, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area as the 63rd most populous metropolitan statistical area and the 68th most populous primary statistical area of the United States as of July 1, 2012. Kern County

901-560: Is water. It is the third-largest county by area in California. The tallest peak in the county is Sawmill Mountain with an elevation of 8822 ft. Its area is nearly the size of the state of New Hampshire ; it extends: Kern County suffers from severe air pollution. Particulates cause poor visibility, especially in the winter. Western Kern County lies in the San Joaquin Valley and the topography traps pollutants. Although

954-518: The 2000 United States Census of 2000, there were 661,645 people, 208,652 households, and 156,489 families residing in the county. The population density was 81 people per square mile (31 people/km ). There were 231,564 housing units at an average density of 28 units per square mile (11 units/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 61.6% White, 6.0% Black or African American, 3.4% Asian, 1.5% Native American, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 23.2% from other races, and 4.1% from two or more races. 38.4% of

1007-663: The State Assembly , Kern County is split between the following four Assembly districts: In the State Senate , Kern County is split between the 14th Senate District , represented by Democrat Anna Caballero , and the 16th Senate District , represented by Democrat Melissa Hurtado . On November 4, 2008, Kern County voted 75.29% in favor of Proposition 8 , which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages. Kern County

1060-651: The County serves as the local government for all unincorporated areas. The Kern County Fire Department (KCFD) provides fire protection and emergency response services for the unincorporated areas of the county, as well as the cities of Arvin , Delano , Maricopa , McFarland , Ridgecrest , Shafter , Taft , Tehachapi and Wasco . Bakersfield has its own fire department, the Bakersfield Fire Department . The Kern County Sheriff provides court protection, jail administration, and coroner services for

1113-556: The Kern River Oil Field was originally drilled by Standard Oil of California , and attained a depth of 6,986 feet (2,129 m) below ground surface. The granitic basement rocks were of late Jurassic age. According to a California State Historical Marker of the original site in Kern County, "Oil was discovered at 70 feet (21 m) in 1899, when Tom Means persuaded Roy Elwood and Frank Wiseman, aided by Jonathan, Bert, Jed, and Ken Elwood, George Wiseman, and John Marlowe, to dig here for oil. On June 1, 1899, 400 feet (120 m) feet to

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1166-653: The Kern River field has one large pool, named for the field itself (the Kern River) and two smaller pools, the Vedder and Jewett, discovered in 1981 and 1985 respectively. The formation containing the Kern River pool is of Pliocene - Pleistocene age, and lies 400 to 1,300 feet (120 to 400 m) below ground surface; the Vedder and Jewett are of Oligocene and Miocene ages, respectively, with depths of 4,700 and 4,220 feet (1,430 and 1,290 m). The deepest well in

1219-466: The conflict was a low-casualty encounter, with only four Native Americans being killed and no Mexicans. The surviving Native Americans were pacified and brought back to Santa Barbara in June 1824 after a pursuit and negotiation in which many were allowed to keep their arms for the return march over the mountains. In the beginning, what was to become Kern County was dominated by mining in the mountains and in

1272-415: The county have shrunk recently, with Donald Trump's 10.2% margin of victory in 2020 being the smallest since Gerald Ford's 6.7% majority in 1976 . This makes constituencies in Kern County in particular some of the most widely contested in California, and the United States as of the early 2020s, with the 2022 race for the 22nd US House district being close, and the 26th Senate District having one of

1325-412: The county of Kern, California, USA. Over 625 permanent employees and 100 extra help employees protect an area which spans over 8,000 square miles (21,000 km ). KCFD provides fire protection services for over 500,000 citizens living in the unincorporated areas of Kern County and the cities of Arvin , Delano , Maricopa , McFarland , Ridgecrest , Shafter , Taft , Tehachapi and Wasco . This agency

1378-463: The date of publication of the article, there have been 13 deaths by police shootings in a county of less than 875,000 population, or 0.016 per thousand persons. By comparison, during the same period of time in New York City, a population 10 times the size with a police force more than 20 times the size, there were 9 such deaths. The following table includes the number of incidents reported and

1431-469: The deaths, it was responsible for hundreds of injuries and more than $ 60 million in property damage. The main shock was felt over much of California and as far away as Phoenix, Arizona and Reno, Nevada. The earthquake occurred on the White Wolf Fault and was the strongest to occur in California since the 1906 San Francisco earthquake . Tehachapi suffered the greatest damage and loss of life from

1484-538: The desert. In 1855 the California legislature attempted to form a county in the area by giving the southeastern territory of Tulare County on the west of the Sierra Nevada Mountains to Buena Vista County . However, it was never officially organized prior to 1859, when the enabling legislation expired. The south of Tulare County was later organized as Kern County in 1866, with additions from Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties . Its first county seat

1537-445: The earthquake, though its effects were widely felt throughout central and southern California. The event had a significant aftershock sequence that persisted into July and August with the strongest coming on August 22, an M5.8 event with a maximum perceived intensity of VIII (Severe) and resulted in two additional deaths and an additional $ 10 million in property damage. Repercussions of the sequence of earthquakes were still being felt in

1590-577: The earthquakes were also surveyed, both in the valley and in the foothills, with both vertical and horizontal displacements present in the epicenter area. The motion records that were acquired from the event were significant, and a reconnaissance report was recognized for its coverage of the event, and its setting a standard for similar engineering or scientific papers. Between 1983 and 1986, several ritual sex ring child abuse cases occurred in Kern County, resulting in numerous long prison sentences, all of which were overturned—some of them decades later, because

1643-402: The entire United States), hay is 4%, and cotton and potatoes are both 2%, of that. This is one of the highest-producing locations in the United States for vegetables , and also for watermelons . Vegetables are estimated to total $ 320 million every year. There are about 1,938 farms, at an average size of 1,202 acres (486 ha) (however 41% are smaller than 50 acres (20 ha)), being

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1696-647: The entire county of approximately 900,000 in population. It provides patrol and detective services for the unincorporated areas of the county and by contract to certain municipalities. The main Sheriff's office and station is at Bakersfield. There are 15 sheriff substations for the widespread county. Municipal police departments in the county are: Bakersfield, population 384,000; Delano, 54,000; Ridgecrest, 29,000; Wasco, 28,000; Arvin, 21,000; Shafter, 20,000; McFarland, 15,000; California City, 14,671; Tehachapi, 13,000; Taft, 9,327; Maricopa (sheriff contract city), 1,200. Kern

1749-413: The field was 70,000 bbd/d as of 2014. Wastewater from the field was once allowed to drain directly into the streams dissecting the region, and thence into the Kern River. This practice ended in the 1960s and 1970s when more stringent environmental regulations were enacted both on federal and state levels. Wastewater now is treated in facilities specifically built for this purpose, and after the treatment,

1802-667: The first European to set foot in the area. The Battle of San Emigdio took place in Kern County in March 1824. The Chumash Native Americans of Mission Santa Barbara rebelled against the Mexican government and its taking over mission property and ejecting the natives. The battle occurred in the canyon where San Emigdio Creek flows down San Emigdio Mountain and the Blue Ridge, south of Bakersfield near today's Highway 166. Mexican forces from Monterey were commanded by Carlos Carrillo and

1855-414: The heavily damaged downtown area of Bakersfield well into the 1990s as city leaders attempted to improve safety of the surviving non-reinforced masonry buildings. Following the event, a field survey was conducted along the fault zone with the goal of estimating the peak ground acceleration of the shock based on visually evaluating rock formations and other indicators. Ground disturbances that were created by

1908-560: The mining areas as the economic power of the county, and as a result the county seat was moved from Havilah to Bakersfield in 1874. In 1899, the discovery well of the Kern River Oil Field was dug by hand and soon the towns of Oil City , Oil Center and Oildale came into existence. The county derives its name from the Kern River , which was named for Edward Kern , cartographer for General John C. Frémont 's 1845 expedition, which crossed Walker Pass . The Kern River

1961-485: The north, Horace and Milton McWhorter drilled this region's first commercial well." The current operator of the Kern River Field is Chevron , who has gradually acquired the field through buyout and merger with the various other operators, including Tidewater , one of the original developers of the enhanced production technologies that revived the field in the 1960s; Getty Oil ; and Texaco . While most of

2014-526: The oil has been removed from the field, enhanced production technologies such as steam flooding have made it possible to extract much of the oil once considered unfeasible to recover. A high price of oil also makes recovery of previously marginal pools attractive. Total estimated reserves of the Kern River field at the end of 2006 totaled more than 475 million barrels (75,500,000 m ), which represented approximately 15% of California's 3.2-billion-barrels (510,000,000 m ) reserve. Annual oil production from

2067-538: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 8.4% were of German, 7.2% American and 5.7% Irish ancestry, according to the census. 66.8% spoke English, 29.1% Spanish and 1.0% Tagalog as their first language. There were 208,652 households, out of which 42.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.6% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.0% were non-families. 20.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who

2120-449: The primary employment of 63% of operators. Kern River Oil Field The Kern River Oil Field covers an area of 10,750 acres (43.5 km ) in a rough oval extending over the low hills north-northeast of Bakersfield, hills which are now almost completely barren except for oil rigs, drilling pads and associated equipment. This area is the densest operational oil development in the state of California: Midway-Sunset, which has more wells,

2173-501: The prosecutors had coerced false testimonies from the purported child victims. The details of these false accusations are covered extensively in the 2008 documentary Witch Hunt , narrated by Sean Penn . According to the United States Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 8,163 square miles (21,140 km ), of which 8,132 square miles (21,060 km ) is land and 31 square miles (80 km ) (0.4%)

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2226-543: The railroad towns of Mojave and Rosamond . Kern County is also the home of the first inland spaceport in the United States, the Mojave Spaceport . This has long been one of the county's biggest industries. Between 2012 and 2013 the produced value of ag products increased 6%, to a total of $ 6.8 billion. Grape is 31%, almond is 17%, milk is 13%, citrus is 11%, cattle + calves and pistachio are both 7%, carrots are only 6% (but that's 80% of carrots for

2279-558: The rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense. The county has a large agricultural base and is a significant producer of oil , natural gas , hydro-electric power , Biomass , solar power , and wind power . Kern is noted for minerals , including gold , borate , and kernite . The largest open pit mine in California, which mines borax , is at Boron . As of October 1, 2016, Kern County contains nearly 25% of California's in-state renewable energy production, including 1,785 MW of solar power and 3,310 MW of wind power. Kern County

2332-714: The southern San Joaquin Valley, lying between the Kern Front field to the northwest and the Kern Bluff field to the southeast, on the other side of the Kern River. Directly north of the Kern River field is the large Mount Poso Oil Field , entirely in the Sierra foothills, and to the northeast is the Round Mountain Oil Field . Unlike some of the other Kern County oil fields which contain numerous pools,

2385-621: The tightest margins in electoral history, with incumbent Democrat Melissa Hurtado retaining her seat by 13 votes. Democratic strength is concentrated in the small agricultural towns in the San Joaquin Valley portion of the county, such as Arvin, Delano, McFarland, Shafter and Wasco. Unincorporated communities close to agricultural areas, such as Lamont and Lost Hills, are Democratic strongholds. The eastern and southern parts of Bakersfield, along with unincorporated East Bakersfield have also become reliably Democratic. Republican strength

2438-594: The topography is not as unfavorable in eastern Kern County, eastern Kern County is a non-attainment area for particulates. Air pollution caused by particulates is "in the unhealthy range an average of 40 days a year, according to the American Lung Association 's (ALA) 2018 State of the Air Report. Chaparral comprises a considerable portion of the natural area within Kern County; the species diversity within these chaparral habitats, however,

2491-536: The unincorporated areas of Kern County, approximately 8,000 square miles (21,000 km ). The department headquarters is located at 1350 Norris Road in Bakersfield. There are 15 additional substations located throughout the county. The metro patrol area is divided into four regions: north, south, east, and west. In 2009, the district attorney claimed "the highest per capita prison commitment rate of any major California county." Kern County contains multiple state and federal prisons, including two private prisons. The county

2544-404: Was 499,766 (59.5%) White, 48,921 (5.8%) African American, 12,676 (1.5%) Native American, 34,846 (4.2%) Asian, 1,252 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 204,314 (24.3%) from other races, and 37,856 (4.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 413,033 persons (49.2%); 43.4% of Kern County residents are of Mexican heritage, 1.0% Salvadoran, 0.5% Colombian, and 0.4% Guatemalan. According to

2597-462: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.03 and the average family size was 3.50. In the county, the age distribution of the population shows 31.9% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 105.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.3 males. The median income for

2650-432: Was 909,235. It was the eleventh-largest county by population in California. The center of population of California is located in Kern County, in the town of Buttonwillow . According to the 2020 United States Census : (Total can be greater than 100% because Hispanics may be counted in any race.) The 2010 United States Census reported that Kern County had a population of 839,631. The racial makeup of Kern County

2703-426: Was originally named Rio Bravo de San Felipe by Father Francisco Garcés when he explored the area in 1776. Throughout recorded history, severe earthquakes have struck Kern County, including the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake . On July 21, 1952, an earthquake occurred with the epicenter about 23 miles (37 km) south of Bakersfield. It measured 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale and killed 12 people. In addition to

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2756-651: Was revealed that the Kern County Sheriff's office engaged in a longstanding program of attempted cash payoffs to women who had accused deputies of sexual assault. In the same year, a civil lawsuit filed by a survivor of a sexual assault committed by Kern County Sheriff's deputy Gabriel Lopez was settled for $ 1 million. Kern County had the most deaths per capita in the US by police shooting per an article published in The Guardian on December 1, 2015. In 2015 to

2809-410: Was the mining town of Havilah , in the mountains east of Bakersfield and north of Tehachapi . Settlers considered the flat land of the valley inhospitable and impassable at the time due to swamps, lakes, tule reeds and diseases such as malaria. This changed when residents started draining land for farming and constructing canals, most dug by hired Chinese laborers. Within 10 years the valley surpassed

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