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56-511: Martin was born in Battle Creek, Michigan , to William, a salesman, and Ethel Martin, a homemaker. In the early 1930s, the family moved to Detroit , where his teenage years included a bout with tuberculosis , which kept him out of the military. Early in his career, Martin was a staff writer for Duffy's Tavern , a radio situation comedy. He and Dan Rowan formed the comedy team Rowan and Martin in 1952 and played in nightclubs throughout

112-434: A high school degree and 21.1% had a bachelor's degree or higher. Of those under 65, 11.2% had a disability and 6.1% lacked health insurance. Median household income in 2020 dollars was $ 42,285, which works out to a $ 25,270 per capita income . 22.7% of the population lives in poverty . Median gross rent was $ 770 and the median value of the houses occupied by people who owned them was $ 91,700. The City of Battle Creek has

168-621: A population density (per square mile) of 1,228.6. 89.0% of those households had a computer and 82.8% had broadband internet connection. The city's racial makeup was 68.2% White , 17.3% African American , 0.6% Native American , 3.7% Asian , 8.1% from two or more races, and 7.9% Hispanic or Latino . The median age in the city was 36.3 years. 7.0% of residents were under the age of 5; 25.8% were under 18; 15.2% were 65 and older. 51.5% of residents were female and 6.6% were foreign-born. 10.8% of people ages 5 and up speak at least one language other than English at home. Of persons 25 and up, 89.9% had

224-574: A Battle Creek Unlimited report, the twenty largest employers in the city are: The Battle Creek Japanese School (バトルクリーク補習授業校 Batoru Kurīku Hoshū Jugyō Kō ), a supplementary weekend Japanese school , holds its classes at the Lakeview School District building. In 1980 the Western Michigan University Center for International Programs developed a program for Japanese expatriate K-12 students that

280-740: A battle or fight fought between indigenous tribes before the arrival of Europeans. However, Virgil J. Vogel, professor emeritus of history and social science at Harry S. Truman College in Chicago, believes the native name has "nothing to do with blood or battle". In about 1774, the Potawatomi and the Ottawa Native American tribes formed a joint village near the future Battle Creek, Michigan. The first permanent European settlements in Battle Creek Township, after

336-422: A city or town would be and are not legal administrative divisions like counties or separate entities such as states . As a result, sometimes the precise definition of a given metropolitan area will vary between sources. The statistical criteria for a standard metropolitan area were defined in 1949 and redefined as a metropolitan statistical area in 1983. Due to suburbanization, the typical metropolitan area

392-502: A commission-manager form of government. Cities that follow this plan of government have an elected commission (or council) that appoints a professionally trained and experienced manager to administer the day-to-day operations of the city and to make recommendations to the city commission. Battle Creek also appoints a City Attorney, who provides legal counsel to the city manager and City Commission. The City Commission makes all policy decisions, including review, revision, and final approval of

448-463: A household in the city was $ 35,491, and the median income for a family was $ 43,564. Males had a median income of $ 36,838 versus $ 26,429 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 18,424. About 10.7% of families and 14.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 17.5% of those under age 18 and 11.8% of those age 65 or over. As of the census of 2010, there were 52,347 people, 21,118 households, and 12,898 families residing in

504-699: A last-place finish in 2010, the Bombers went 47–26 in 2011 and won their first NWL championship. It was the first championship in Battle Creek since 2000, when the Michigan Battle Cats won the Midwest League championship. The team's home is C.O. Brown Stadium . In 2011, the team signed a five-year lease, which guarantees the team's ten-year anniversary in Battle Creek in 2017. Actor Tyler Hoechlin , who starred alongside Tom Hanks in

560-537: A regulation for public comment that would increase the minimum population needed for an urban area population to be a metropolitan statistical area to be increased from 50,000 to 100,000. It ultimately decided to keep the minimum at 50,000 for the 2020 cycle. On July 21, 2023, the Office of Management and Budget released revised delineations of the various CBSAs in the United States. The Census Bureau created

616-535: Is a city in northwestern Calhoun County, Michigan , United States, at the confluence of the Kalamazoo and Battle Creek rivers. As of the 2020 census , the city had a total population of 52,731. It is the principal city of the Battle Creek metropolitan statistical area , which encompasses all of Calhoun County. Nicknamed "Cereal City", it is best known as the home of WK Kellogg Co and the founding city of Post Consumer Brands . One local legend says Battle Creek

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672-399: Is based at the W.K. Kellogg Auditorium in downtown Battle Creek. The symphony is conducted by Anne Harrigan. It is Michigan's longest-running symphony orchestra. The Brass Band of Battle Creek is composed of 31 brass players and percussionists from around the United States and Europe. "Created in 1989 by brothers Jim and Bill Gray, podiatrists and amateur brass players from Battle Creek, MI,

728-516: Is polycentric rather than being centered around a large historic core city such as New York City or Chicago . Some metropolitan areas include more than one large historic core city; examples include the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex , Virginia Beach–Norfolk–Newport News (Hampton Roads) , Riverside–San Bernardino (Inland Empire) , and Minneapolis–Saint Paul (Twin Cities) . MSAs are defined by

784-630: The Battle Creek Jr. Revolution in 2010. The junior team was sold renamed to the West Michigan Wolves in 2014 before relocating to Lansing in 2017. The Battle Creek Blaze is a not-for-profit, adult football team that plays NFL rules football as a member of the IFL (Interstate Football League). The Blaze organization raises funds and community awareness in the fight against cancer. They are in their sixth season of operation, and won

840-548: The Office of Management and Budget (OMB), which is part of the Executive Office of the President , and are used by the U.S. Census Bureau and other U.S. federal government agencies for statistical purposes. The U.S. Office of Management and Budget defines a set of core based statistical areas (CBSAs) throughout the country, which are composed of counties and county equivalents . CBSAs are delineated on

896-562: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 43.73 square miles (113.26 km ), of which 42.61 square miles (110.36 km ) is land and 1.12 square miles (2.90 km ) is water, making Battle Creek the third largest city in Michigan by area, and one of only three incorporated municipalities in the state over 40 sq mi (100 km ) in size. In 1982, at the insistence of Kellogg's ,

952-457: The 1969 film The Maltese Bippy , which was a notorious failure. After Rowan retired from show business, Martin was a frequent panelist on game shows such as Match Game , Password Plus , and Tattletales , and he also hosted a parody game show called The Cheap Show in 1978, and the game show Mindreaders in 1979. Martin married singer Peggy Connelly in 1957. They divorced prior to 1968 and he married Playboy Playmate and Beyond

1008-727: The BBBC has grown to cult status in Battle Creek, where BBBC concerts are regularly sold out and waiting lists are created weeks in advance." Leilapalooza - The Leila Arboretum Music Festival is a free summer music festival held at the Leila Arboretum. Proceeds benefit the Leila Arboretum Society and Kingman Museum . Battle Creek hosts the annual Michigan High School Athletic Association team wrestling, volleyball , baseball , and softball state championships. The town receives quarterly boosts to its economy from

1064-571: The IFL North Division Championship in 2010. The Battle Creek Cereal Killers roller derby team began in 2011. Metropolitan statistical area Population In the United States , a metropolitan statistical area ( MSA ) is a geographical region with a relatively high population density at its core and close economic ties throughout the region. Such regions are not legally incorporated as

1120-530: The Office of Management and Budget) and later renamed to standard metropolitan statistical areas (SMAs) in 1959. The modern metropolitan statistical area was created in 1983 amid a large increase in the number of eligible markets, which grew from 172 in 1950 to 288 in 1980; the core based statistical area (CBSA) was introduced in 2000 and defined in 2003 with a minimum population of 10,000 required for micropolitan areas and 50,000 for urban areas. The 387 MSAs in

1176-531: The United States and overseas. Martin played a drunk heckling a Shakespearean performer, a mainstay of their act for years. They could frequently be seen as host-performers on NBC 's Colgate Comedy Hour , alternating with Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis and other more established names. In 1958, they starred in Hal Kanter 's comedy Western Once Upon a Horse... , which was a box office failure. In 1960, they asked NBC to cancel their contract four years early and

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1232-620: The Valley of the Dolls star Dolly Read in 1971. Martin and Read divorced in June 1974, but remarried in 1978 and remained married until his death. Martin died on May 24, 2008, of breathing complications in Santa Monica, California . He had lost the use of a lung due to tuberculosis as a teenager and suffered respiratory problems late in life. Battle Creek, Michigan Battle Creek

1288-634: The annual budget, which is proposed annually by the City Manager. The City Manager serves as an "at-will" employee and they work under an employment contract with the commission. All other city employees, except for the City Attorney's staff, are under the supervision of the City Manager. There are five ward commissioners. Residents cast votes for a ward representative, who must live within the area they are representing, as well as for four at-large commissioners. These candidates may live anywhere in

1344-516: The basis of a central contiguous area of relatively high population density, known as an urban area . The counties containing the core urban area are known as the "central counties" of the CBSA; these are defined as having at least 50% of their population living in urban areas of at least 10,000 in population. Additional surrounding counties, known as "outlying counties", can be included in the CBSA if these counties have strong social and economic ties to

1400-474: The boom-towns surrounding the oilfields in Oklahoma as a broom salesman. Having failed, he returned to work as an assistant to his brother. While working at the sanitariums' laboratory, W.K. spilled liquefied cornmeal on a heating device that cooked the product and rendered it to flakes. He tasted the flakes and added milk to them. He was able to get his brother to allow him to give some of the product to some of

1456-408: The center of the maelstrom stood the veterans Rowan and Martin, who bemusedly made no effort to slow down the program. Martin later said, "We designed it so that we are two relatively normal guys wandering through a sea of madness," and described his comic persona as "a kind of inept lech" who could be laughed at as well as laughed with. At the height of the show's popularity, Rowan and Martin starred in

1512-444: The central county or counties as measured by commuting and employment. Outlying counties are included in the CBSA if 25% of the workers living in the county work in the central county or counties, or if 25% of the employment in the county is held by workers who live in the central county or counties. Adjacent CBSAs are merged into a single CBSA when the central county or counties of one CBSA qualify as an outlying county or counties to

1568-408: The church elected to decentralize, and most of its institutions were relocated. The first Adventist church (rebuilt in the 1920s) is still in operation. World Heavyweight Champion Jack Johnson was once arrested here for marrying his White wife and transporting her across state lines. He was detained in Battle Creek, where he visited a former acquaintance, went for a sleigh ride and spent the night at

1624-490: The city annexed Battle Creek Township, nearly doubling the city's population. Kellogg's even went so far as to threaten to move their headquarters if the annexation failed to occur. As of the census of 2000, there were 53,364 people, 21,348 households, and 13,363 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,246.0 inhabitants per square mile (481.1/km ). There were 23,525 housing units at an average density of 549.3 per square mile (212.1/km ). The racial makeup of

1680-558: The city was 74.7% White , 17.8% Black or African American , 1.9% Asian , 0.8% Native American , <0.1% Pacific Islander , 2.1% from other races , and 2.7% from two or more races. 4.6% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. In the 21,348 households 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% were married couples living together, 16.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.4% were non-families. 31.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who

1736-446: The city. All commissioners serve two-year terms and all terms begin and end at the same election. The position of mayor was voted on by the electorate until 1961, then was switched to the elected commissioners choosing from amongst themselves as to who would serve as the mayor and vice mayor for the next year. In March 2020, a majority of Battle Creek voters approved an amendment to the city charter to allow residents to directly vote for

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1792-405: The city. The population density was 1,228.5 inhabitants per square mile (474.3/km ). There were 24,277 housing units at an average density of 569.7 per square mile (220.0/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 71.7% White , 18.2% African American , 0.7% Native American , 2.4% Asian , 2.7% from other races , and 4.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 6.7% of

1848-717: The critically acclaimed film Road to Perdition , previously played for the Battle Creek Bombers. The Michigan Battle Cats / Battle Creek Yankees / Southwest Michigan Devil Rays were a Class A minor league baseball team that played in the Midwest League from 1995 through 2006. The team's home was C.O. Brown Stadium . The Battle Creek Crunch were a member of the Great Lakes Indoor Football League (GLIFL), that began play in 2006. They played one season in Battle Creek before ceasing operations due to financial trouble. The team's home

1904-590: The fans who flock there to follow their teams. Each year, Battle Creek hosts the Sandy Koufax 13S World Series , for 13-year-old baseball players. In August 2010, Battle Creek was host to the eighth edition of the International H.K.D. Games. The Battle Creek Battle Jacks (formerly Bombers) are a collegiate baseball team, a member of the Northwoods League , who began play in 2007. After

1960-567: The greater sales and public profile of W.K. Kellogg's company. Inspired by Kellogg's innovation, C. W. Post invented Grape-Nuts and founded his own cereal company in the town. Battle Creek has been nicknamed "the Cereal City." In the turbulent 1960s, Battle Creek was not immune to the racial issues of the day. Dr. Martin Luther King spoke here, as did Sen. Hubert Humphrey , President Lyndon B. Johnson , and Heavyweight Champion of

2016-495: The house of patrolman John Patterson, Battle Creek's first African American police officer. Federal authorities from Chicago took him into custody the next day. The city was noted for its focus on health reform during the late 1800s and early 1900s. The Battle Creek Sanitarium was founded by The Seventh-Day Adventist Church and the Dr. John Harvey Kellogg . In addition to some of his sometimes bizarre treatments that were featured in

2072-548: The mayor; the first general election for mayor, since 1961, was held in November 2020. The mayor presides over the commission meetings and appoints commissioners and residents to special committees. He may also form special committees to explore community challenges or potential policies. The vice mayor stands in if the mayor is unavailable. As of 2017 , the city levies an income tax of 1 percent on residents and 0.5 percent on nonresidents. As of October 2023 , according to

2128-512: The metropolitan district for the 1910 census as a standardized classification for large urban centers and their surrounding areas. The original threshold for a metropolitan district was 200,000, but was lowered to 100,000 in 1930 and 50,000 in 1940. The metropolitan districts were replaced by standard metropolitan areas (SMAs) in the 1950 census , which were defined by the Bureau of the Budget (now

2184-511: The movie The Road to Wellville , Kellogg also funded organizations that promoted eugenics theories at the core of their philosophical agenda, which was seen as a natural complement to euthenics . The Race Betterment Foundation was one of these organizations. He also supported the " separate but equal " philosophy and invited Booker T. Washington to speak at the Battle Creek Sanitarium in order to raise money. Washington

2240-638: The network agreed. In 1962, Martin worked solo, playing the next-door neighbor to Lucille Ball during the first season of her comeback comedy The Lucy Show . He and Rowan returned to the nightclub circuit until 1966, when they were asked to host the summer replacement series for The Dean Martin Show . He co-starred in the 1966 Doris Day movie The Glass Bottom Boat . The exposure led to an opportunity for Rowan and Martin to team up with producers Ed Friendly and George Schlatter and create Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In (1968–1973) on NBC. The comedy show

2296-793: The other CBSAs. One or more CBSAs may be grouped together or combined to form a larger statistical entity known as a combined statistical area (CSA) when the employment interchange measure (EIM) reaches 15% or more. CBSAs are subdivided into MSAs (formed around urban areas of at least 50,000 in population) and micropolitan statistical areas (μSAs), which are CBSAs built around an urban area of at least 10,000 in population but less than 50,000 in population. Some metropolitan areas may include multiple cities below 50,000 people, but combined have over 50,000 people. Previous terms that are no longer used to describe these regions include "standard metropolitan statistical area" (SMSA) and "primary metropolitan statistical area" (PMSA). On January 19, 2021, OMB submitted

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2352-455: The patients at the sanitarium, and the patients' demand for the product exceeded his expectations to the point that W.K made the decision to leave the sanitarium. Along with some investors, he built a factory to satisfy the demand for his " corn flakes ". It was during this time of going their separate ways for good that Dr. John Harvey Kellogg sued his brother for copyright infringement. The U.S. Supreme court ruled in W.K. Kellogg's favor, due to

2408-429: The population. In the 21,118 households 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.1% were married couples living together, 18.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.9% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

2464-628: The removal of the Potawatomi to a reservation, began about 1831. Westward migration from New York and New England had increased to Michigan following the completion of the Erie Canal in New York in 1824. Most settlers chose to locate on the Goguac prairie, which was fertile and easily cultivated. A post office was opened in Battle Creek in 1832 under Postmaster Pollodore Hudson. The first school

2520-526: The state of Michigan, with 358. Nick Buckley wrote in the Battle Creek Enquirer : "The 2020 Census is critical for Battle Creek. Falling below the 50,000-resident threshold would mean a change from "urbanized area" to "urban cluster" and a loss of federal entitlement funding." Between the 2010 and 2020 censuses, Battle Creek's population grew from 52,347 to 52,731. There were 20,690 households and 2.40 residents per house, giving Battle Creek

2576-408: The surveyors shot and seriously wounded one Potawatomi. Following the encounter, the survey party retreated to Detroit . Early white settlers called the nearby stream Battle Creek River and the town took its name from that. Another folk etymology is attributed to the local river, which was known as Waupakisco by Native Americans. The Waupakisco or Waupokisco was supposedly a reference to

2632-475: The world Muhammad Ali . African Americans were subjected to " stop and frisk " procedures while walking, and housing covenants were in full force. No Blacks worked in the school systems, and only a few Blacks held mid-level manager posts in the local corporate sector. The Federal government sector was better at the Federal Center, and less so at the local Veterans' Administration Hospital. According to

2688-611: Was Kellogg Arena . The Battle Creek Belles , a member of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League , played two seasons, 1951 and 1952, before relocating to Muskegon . The Battle Creek Revolution were a member of the All American Hockey League , a low-level professional minor league, from 2008 to 2011. The team's home was Revolution Arena . The organization also started a junior hockey team called

2744-420: Was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.04. The median age in the city was 36.3 years. 26.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.9% were from 25 to 44; 25.5% were from 45 to 64; and 13.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female. As of April 2013, Battle Creek had the fifth largest Japanese national population in

2800-435: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.04. In the city, 27.2% of the population was under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.2 males. The median income for

2856-428: Was an immediate hit, becoming the number one American television program within two months of its debut. It was the top-rated show in its second and third seasons. Laugh-In had a uniquely fast-paced stream-of-consciousness style of blackout gags , double entendre, topical satire, and catchphrases, much of it delivered by a cast of then-unknowns such as Goldie Hawn , Lily Tomlin , Arte Johnson , and Ruth Buzzi . At

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2912-536: Was named after an encounter between a federal government land survey party led by Colonel John Mullett and two Potawatomi in March 1824. The two Potawatomi had approached the camp asking for food because they were hungry as the U.S. Army was late delivering supplies promised to them under the 1821 Treaty of Chicago . After a protracted discussion, the Native Americans allegedly tried to take food. One of

2968-615: Was sponsored by Battle Creek Unlimited (BCU); the classes were held in the company facility at Fort Custer Industrial Park. FM radio stations that originate or can be heard over the air in Battle Creek: AM radio stations that originate or can be heard over the air in Battle Creek: Battle Creek is home to the Music Center, which serves South Central Michigan. The Battle Creek Symphony Orchestra

3024-534: Was taught in a small log house about 1833 or 1834. Asa Langley built the first sawmill in 1837. A brick manufacturing plant, called the oldest enterprise in the township, was established in 1840 by Simon Carr and operated until 1903. The township was established by act of the legislature in 1839. In the antebellum era , the city was a major stop on the Underground Railroad , used by fugitive slaves to escape to freedom in Michigan and Canada . It

3080-502: Was the author of the speech " The Atlanta Compromise ", which solidified his position of being an accommodationist while providing a mechanism for southern Whites (and their sympathizers), to fund his school ( the Tuskegee Institute ). W. K. Kellogg had worked for his brother in a variety of capacities at the B.C. Sanitarium. Tired of living in the shadow of his brother John Harvey Kellogg, he struck out on his own, going to

3136-502: Was the chosen home of noted abolitionist Sojourner Truth after her escape from slavery. Battle Creek figured prominently in the early history of the Seventh-day Adventist Church . It was the site of a Protestant church founding convention in 1863. The denomination's first hospital, college, and publishing office would also be constructed in the city. When the hospital and publishing office burned down in 1902,

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