Aurobay
27-514: The Volvo Engine Architecture ( VEA ) is a family of straight-three and straight-four automobile petrol and diesel engines produced by Volvo Cars in Skövde , Sweden, since 2013, Zhangjiakou , China, since 2016 and Tanjung Malim , Malaysia, since 2022 by Proton . Volvo markets all engines under the Drive–E designation, while Geely groups the three-cylinder variants with its other engines under
54-532: A 48V network separate from the high-voltage battery system. New B badging for hybrid vehicles. Deviating from the previously introduced T<some number> (1994 with the T-5, without the dash in 1996 for X70) and D<some number> (2002 with the D5 engine, expanded in ~2009 with D4 and D3 subdivision) naming/badging scheme. The system uses kinetic energy recovery via a belt driven integrated starter generator (BISG) which
81-714: A 543 cc (33 cu in) four-stroke engine, which was introduced in the Alto and Fronte models. The Subaru EF engine is a 4-stroke petrol engine which was introduced in 1984 and used in the Justy and the Sumo (the export version of the Sambar). The straight-three versions of the Ford EcoBoost engine – a turbocharged 1.0-litre petrol engine – was introduced in the 2012 Ford Focus. It uses an unbalanced flywheel to shift
108-535: A bore of 82 mm (3.2 in) and a stroke of 93.2 mm (3.7 in) with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. All engines are turbocharged and intercooled with direct injection. All 3 cylinder engines are equipped with belt driven water pump and integrated mass balancer shaft, 4 cylinder engines are equipped with an electric water pump. The B3154T is usually only referred to as range extender. It delivers 82 PS (60 kW; 81 hp) at 4000 rpm and 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft). When running it only recharges
135-571: A crankshaft integrated starter generator (CISG) that is used to start the engine, capture otherwise lost energy when slowing down and reduce lag at low rpm by acting as an additional supercharger. Volvo refers to this type of hybrid implementation as Twin Engine . With the introduction of Volvo's new flagship sedan in 2016, the S90, the PowerPulse anti-lag system for the top of the range diesel engines
162-501: A few non VEA engines remaining in production for select models. Volvo nearly completed the phaseout in 2016 with only two variants of the five-cylinder diesel remaining in production for the 60-series models. In December 2014, Volvo introduced the first hybrid variant of a VEA engine with the launch of the XC90 T8. It uses an electric rear axle drive (ERAD) for both electric propulsion and AWD capabilities. Hybrid engines are equipped with
189-691: A manual or automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger. This engine is only available with a six-gear gearbox made by Volvo Cars or the Toyota AW8G30 gearbox. It was replaced by the newer engine B3154T7 which retains the same ID code of 11 but not 14; automatic was changed to B3154T2 which retains the same ID code of 15. Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP. Applications: The B3154T2 (15) delivers 163 PS (120 kW; 161 hp) at 5500 rpm and 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1500–3000 rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger. This engine
216-598: A straight-twin engine. Four-stroke straight-three engines have been used in road bikes and racing bikes by several companies. From 1985–1995, the BMW K75 was produced with a straight-three engine (based on the straight-four engine from the BMW K100). British company Triumph is particularly renowned for a transversely-mounted straight-three engine. Variants have been used in their Speed Triple , Trident , Sprint , and Tiger series. In addition Triumph makes
243-1101: Is 9.7 kWh. This engine is only available with the 7DCTH gearbox. Emissions level Euro 6d. Applications: The B3154T7 (11) delivers 163 PS (120 kW; 161 hp) at 5500 rpm and 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1850–3000 rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with a manual gearbox. Single turbocharger. This engine is only available with the M76 R6.2 gearbox. Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP. Applications: The B3154T9 delivers 129 PS (95 kW; 127 hp) at 5000 rpm and 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1600–3000 rpm. Single turbocharger. Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP. Applications: The JLH-3G15TD delivers 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp) at 5500 rpm and 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1500–4000 rpm. Single turbocharger. The JLH-3G15T delivers 150 PS (110 kW; 148 hp) at 5500 rpm and 226 N⋅m (167 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1500-4000 rpm. Single turbocharger. This engine
270-432: Is a three-cylinder piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. Less common than straight-four engines , straight-three engines have nonetheless been used in various motorcycles, cars and agricultural machinery. A crankshaft angle of 120 degrees is typically used by straight-three engines, since this results in an evenly spaced firing interval . Another benefit of this configuration
297-464: Is only available with a 7-speed DCT. No emissions standard information. Applications: JLH-3G15TD Applications: JLH-3G15T The JLH-3G15TDC delivers 156 PS (115 kW; 154 hp) at 5000 rpm and 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1450–4000 rpm. Single turbocharger. Emissions level China V. Applications: Straight-three engine A straight-three engine (also called an inline-triple or inline-three )
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#1732798464197324-665: Is only available with the AW8G30 gearbox. Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP. Applications: The B3154T3 delivers 129 PS (95 kW; 127 hp) at 5000 rpm and 250 N⋅m (180 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1550–3000 rpm. Emissions level euro 6dtemp. Applications: The B3154T5 (BB) delivers 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp) at 5800 rpm and 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1500–3000 rpm. The front electric motor (EFAD) delivers 82 PS (60 kW; 81 hp) and 160 N⋅m (120 lb⋅ft) of torque. Single turbocharger. Battery capacity
351-404: Is perfect primary balance and secondary balance , however an end-to-end rocking couple is induced because there is no symmetry in the piston velocities about the middle piston. A balance shaft is sometimes used to reduce the vibrations caused by the rocking couple. Other crankshaft angles have been used occasionally. The 1976–1981 Laverda Jota motorcycle used a 180 degree crankshaft, where
378-782: Is stored in a 48V 0.25 kWh lion battery. Under heavy load or rapid acceleration the BISG is used as a power adder. P0 hybridization. The engine codes consist of a series of letters and digits. The actual, broadly used engine code is 7 or 8 characters long. Hybrid models can have a second engine code that is 7 characters long, mild hybrids engine codes are 6 characters long. Different, more general engine codes are used for some certification and approval documents and are 6 to 8 characters long. An additional 2 characters are used to identify each specific engine variant with an MP or HP suffix to differentiate performance. Standard engine codes: All three-cylinder 1.5 L (1,477 cc) petrol engines have
405-682: The G-power name. These engines are some of the few ever put into production as twincharged engines, in the company of the Lancia Delta S4 and concept Jaguar CX-75 . Development of the new engine family began in 2006, with the decision to only produce four-cylinder engines being finalised in 2007. The intention was to produce smaller, more economical and environmentally friendly engines that would be fitted to every Volvo model. In 2008 Volvo began to upgrade its Skövde engine plant and invested roughly 2 billion SEK into development and tooling for
432-590: The Rocket III model, various variants of which have held the record for motorcycle with the largest engine displacement. In 2019 , the Moto2 class in the MotoGP World Championship switched to using Triumph 765 cc (46.7 cu in) triple engines. Two-stroke designs are less common in straight-three engines than four-stroke designs, however several were produced by Japanese manufacturers in
459-506: The VEA. In the autumn of 2013, the first cars with the new engines were delivered to customers, starting with the S60 II and V60 models. At the same time, Volvo began to phase out the five-cylinder petrol and diesel engines, the six-cylinder petrol engines as well as any four-cylinder engines from other manufacturers. Until the end of 2015, nearly all other engines had been phased out, with only
486-540: The high voltage battery, thus functioning as a range extender giving approx. 300 miles of additional range. Single turbocharger. CISG. Emissions level Euro 6. Applications: The B3154T (11 or 14 for standard transmission and 15 for automatic) delivers 156 PS (115 kW; 154 hp) at 5000 rpm and 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1850–3850 rpm with standard transmission or 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1850–3850 rpm with automatic. Engine variant for cars equipped with
513-412: The inherent three-cylinder imbalance to the horizontal plane where it is more easily managed by engine mounts, and so remove the need to use balance shafts. In 2016, cylinder deactivation was added, claimed to be a world first for three-cylinder engines. The advantages of a straight-three engine for motorcycles are that it has a shorter length than an inline-four engine and produces less vibration than
540-697: The introduction of Saab's 750 cc (46 cu in) two-stroke engine, which was also used in the Saab 95 , Saab 96 and Saab Sonett until 1968 after which it was replaced by the Ford Taunus V4 engine . The Wartburg cars (manufactured in East Germany) and FSO Syrena (manufactured in Poland) also used straight-three engines. The 1967 Suzuki Fronte 360 uses a 256 cc (16 cu in) two-stroke engine. In 1980, Suzuki began production of
567-426: The late 1960s through to 1980s. The Kawasaki triple engine was produced from 1968 to 1980 and was used in various road bikes and racing bikes. Most versions were air-cooled, however several were water-cooled. Similarly, the 1972–1980 Suzuki GT series engines were used for both road bike and racing bikes, and were available in both air-cooled and water-cooled versions. An example of an agricultural application
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#1732798464197594-445: The outer pistons rise and fall together and inner cylinder is offset from them by 180 degrees. This results in three power strokes evenly-spaced at 180 degrees each, and then no power strokes during the final 180 degrees of crankshaft rotation. The 2020 Triumph Tiger 900 motorcycle uses a "T-Plane" crankshaft where the crankshaft throws are at 90 intervals, such that the throws for cylinders 1 and 3 are separated by 180 degrees (therefore
621-550: The second half of 2017, the first production VEA three-cylinder engine was released with the debut of the LEVC TX , where it is used as a range extender. The first Volvo three-cylinder VEA was slated for introduction in 2018 for the XC40 under the T3 engine designation, however it saw only limited release. Due to stricter emissions laws, additional and improved emissions control equipment
648-481: The second quarter of 2018. By model year 2019 all engines had been updated to achieve Euro 6d-TEMP certification, with some engines getting discontinued. All diesel engines are now equipped with Ad-Blue and all petrol engines with a particle filter. Volvo has been developing a major update for all its engines since 2017. It is code-named VEA GEN3 (with VEP GEN3 and VED GEN3 respectively) and part of Volvo's effort to hybridize all of its engines. The MHEV variants will have
675-400: The three throws together forming a "T" shape when viewed from the end). Among the first cars to use a straight-three engine is the 1953–1955 DKW F91 , powered by a 900 cc (55 cu in) two-stroke engine , although this was predated by the 3 cylinder 15hp Rolls Royce produced in 1905 and a number of other cars of this era also used 3 cylinder engines. The 1956–1960 Saab 93 saw
702-496: Was introduced, beginning in the second half of 2017 for the 2018 model year. Diesel engines gained a SCR-catalyst to decrease NOx emissions, petrol engines received a particle filter. These changes are referred to as VEA GEN2. This improved the emissions rating to Euro 6c and for some engines to Euro 6d-TEMP. The improvements were rolled out in stages and some engines, particularly the hybrid variants, remained in Euro 6 configuration until
729-518: Was unveiled. It uses a small tank of compressed air that can instantaneously be released into the turbocharger to help with spool up, thereby reducing turbo lag. Volvo began testing of three-cylinder variants in mid 2014, it had been planned to introduce these engines in 2015. With their smaller capacity and less power they were meant to be used as base engines. In 2015 no three-cylinder engines were released, instead four-cylinder variants with 1.5 L capacity were introduced as base engines on some models. In
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