50-603: The Eastman Dental Hospital was based on Gray's Inn Road until it co-located with the University College London ear, nose, throat, balance and hearing services on Huntley Street , London, as the Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospitals in October 2019. The hospital continues to provide specialist dental treatment as well as ear, nose, throat, hearing, speech and balance services and
100-479: A characteristic of Camden's children's health services. Her insider's view was corroboration – in addition to the 2001 "Inequalities" report by Director of Public Health Maggie Barker of "stark contrasts in" health and education opportunities – of earlier similar Audit Commission findings and a verification/update of the 1999 CNJ report. The following table shows the ethnic demographics in Camden. The following shows
150-769: A major regeneration of the area has occurred with the King's Cross Central development happening behind the station. London Overground 's North London Line services run through the borough serving Camden Road , Kentish Town West , Gospel Oak , Hampstead Heath , Finchley Road & Frognal and West Hampstead . London Overground also operates the Watford DC Line services from Euston serving South Hampstead , trains continue to Watford in Hertfordshire . Thameslink route services serve St Pancras , Kentish Town and West Hampstead Thameslink stations. Currently
200-424: A much larger presence of British Transport Police (BTP) than many other London boroughs. BTP are responsible for policing Great Britain's railway network. The area has three fire stations: Euston, Kentish Town and West Hampstead and they are operated by London Fire Brigade in the borough of Camden. None of these fire stations are home to any specialist units; only pumping appliances and a rescue tender. Camden
250-622: A population of 210,136. Politically, its local authority is Camden London Borough Council . The area of the modern borough had historically been part of the county of Middlesex . From 1856 the area was governed by the Metropolitan Board of Works , which was established to provide services across the metropolis of London. In 1889 the Metropolitan Board of Works' area was made the County of London . From 1856 until 1900
300-593: Is a borough in Inner London , England. Camden Town Hall, on Euston Road, lies 1.4 mi (2.3 km) north of Charing Cross . The borough was established on 1 April 1965 from the former metropolitan boroughs of Holborn , St Pancras and Hampstead . To the south it shares with the City of Westminster parts of the West End , where it also borders the City of London . The cultural and commercial land uses in
350-736: Is an important road in Central London , located in the London Borough of Camden . The road begins at its junction with Holborn at the City of London boundary, passes north through the Holborn and King's Cross districts and terminates at King's Cross railway station. It is designated as part of the A5200 road . As the home of the Honourable Society of Gray's Inn , one of England 's four Inns of Court , Gray's Inn Road
400-436: Is appropriate as it lies only just outside the boundary of the City . In a document of 1468 the road is called "Graysynlane, otherwise Portpole Lane". Today's Portpool Lane, which leads off Gray's Inn Road to the east, is a separate road which is not mentioned before 1641. On the "Woodcut" map of c.1561, "Greys ynne la." is shown leading from Holborn Bars to Gray's Inn , from where it becomes an unnamed track leading into
450-471: Is intended to terminate at Euston Station. The proposed Crossrail 2 line, (originally referred to as the Chelsea–Hackney line) would serve Euston and Tottenham Court Road underground stations. The increase in passengers at Euston as a result of the proposed High Speed 2 services is a major driver of the proposals. The formerly proposed Cross River Tram was going to start in the borough of Camden but
500-534: Is known as a hub for law and legal professions in London . Gray's Inn Road is home to multiple scholarly institutes, including University College London 's Eastman Dental Institute , a world-leading oral health institution, Westminster Kingsway College , and the City University of London 's Inns of Court School of Law . The thoroughfare is first recorded as Purtepol Street in the 13th century, when
550-767: Is part of the University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust . The dental hospital is closely associated with University College London (UCL), and has a partnership with the UCL Eastman Dental Institute , which has stayed at the Gray's Inn Road site. It is a major centre for dental research and the largest provider of postgraduate teaching and training in dentistry in Europe. In 2009, there were more than 22,000 orthodontic appointments at
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#1732779805387600-509: Is policed by the Metropolitan Police Service . There are two police stations across the borough, situated at Holborn and Kentish Town . There are various other contact points around the borough including West Hampstead, Greenland Road, Highgate Road, Station House (Swiss Cottage), West End Lane , Hampstead Town Hall and Kingsway College. All locations have varying opening hours with Kentish Town Police Station open to
650-471: Is served by 18 London Underground stations and 8 of the 11 lines. The three major rail termini are served by two underground stations, Euston and the combined King's Cross St Pancras station. Between them, the termini are served by the Circle , Hammersmith & City , Metropolitan , Northern , Piccadilly and Victoria lines. The Central and Jubilee lines serve other parts of the borough, as does
700-490: Is the home of the British Library . In addition, Camden has numerous libraries which include: As well as a number of community libraries including Keats community library. There are no motorways in the borough, and few stretches of dual carriageway road, but the borough has great strategic transport significance to London, due to presence of three of the capital's most important rail termini, which are lined up along
750-571: Is the local education authority for the borough, organised through the Children, Schools and Families directorate. Some of London's best universities and teaching institutions are located in the Borough of Camden. They include the main campus of University College London , part of the campus of the London School of Economics near Lincoln's Inn Fields, and Central Saint Martins . Camden
800-466: The Abercrombie Plan for London (1944). As industry declined during the 1970s the population continued to decline, falling to 161,100 at the start of the 1980s. It has now begun to rise again with new housing developments on brownfield sites and the release of railway and gas work lands around Kings Cross . A 2017 study found that the eviction rate of 6 per 1,000 renting households in Camden is
850-492: The Elizabeth line . As well as the two major termini stations, the borough's other stations are: Euston Square , Warren Street , Goodge Street , Tottenham Court Road , Holborn , Russell Square , Chancery Lane , Mornington Crescent , Camden Town , Chalk Farm , Belsize Park , Hampstead , West Hampstead , Finchley Road , Swiss Cottage and Kentish Town . The proposed High Speed 2 railway line to northern England
900-512: The Euston Road . The position of the railway termini on Euston Road, rather than in a more central position further south, is a result of the influential recommendations of the 1846 Royal Commission on Metropolitan Railway Termini that sought to protect the West End districts a short distance south of the road. Three of the fourteen central London's railway terminals are located in the borough. Euston , St Pancras and Kings Cross are
950-578: The Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead , the Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras (each covering the parish of the same name) and the Metropolitan Borough of Holborn , covering the combined area of the former St Giles District and Holborn District (subject to some boundary adjustments with neighbours on its south-eastern edges). The London borough of Camden was created in 1965 under the London Government Act 1963 . It covered
1000-595: The Dean and Chapter of St Paul's Cathedral and may have formed a separate estate of one of the Canons. From at least the 13th century onwards it was in the possession of the Grey family, after whom Gray's Inn is named. The name "Purtepol Street" is recorded in the time of Henry III and this may be the first reference to the current Gray's Inn Road. In a document of 1299 it is called "Street of Pourtepol without London", which
1050-481: The Institute were: The training of consultants, specialists and teachers, in various branches of dentistry. To provide facilities for and encourage research by members of staff and students. To provide clinical and laboratory facilities and instruction for candidates working for higher degrees or diplomas. To provide short courses for general practitioners, in so far as it is possible to do so without interfering with
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#17327798053871100-679: The London termini for the West Coast , Midland and East Coast Main Lines and also High Speed 1 . This connects the borough with the East of England , East Midlands , West Midlands , North East & West England, North Wales, Scotland, South East England , France , Belgium and the Netherlands . Since 14 November 2007 when St Pancras International became the new terminus of Eurostar ,
1150-677: The N1, N6, N7, N19, NW1, NW2, NW3, NW5, NW6, NW8, EC1, WC1, WC2, W1 and W9 postcode areas. For planning policy purposes, the London Plan places Camden in the 'Central London' group of boroughs. The local authority is Camden Council, which meets at Camden Town Hall (formerly St Pancras Town Hall) in Judd Street in St Pancras , and has its headquarters at 5 Panrcas Square. Borough councillors are elected every four years. Since May 2022
1200-711: The Thameslink network is undergoing a major expansion project called the Thameslink Programme . This will link more places in Southern England to the borough and to the East of England. While some services on the Great Northern network, which currently terminate at King's Cross will be diverted onto the Thameslink network, all work is due to be complete by 2016. The London Borough of Camden
1250-510: The Town Clerk, while travelling in a taxi through Camden Town . The name "Fleet" had also been suggested, after the underground river that flowed through the three boroughs, but that was rejected as the river was little more than a sewer. Other suggestions included "Penhamborn", 'Bornhamcras" and "Hohampion". Government guidelines for the naming of the new boroughs suggested that the chosen name should be short and simple, and ideally one that
1300-496: The United Kingdom . In 1801, the civil parishes that form the modern borough were already developed and had a total population of 96,795. This continued to rise swiftly throughout the 19th century as the district became built up, reaching 270,197 in the middle of the century. When the railways arrived the rate of population growth slowed, for while many people were drawn in by new employment, others were made homeless by
1350-412: The area formed part of Portpool Manor . After Reginald de Grey, 1st Baron Grey de Wilton purchased the area, his name soon came to be lent to Gray's Inn , which was founded on the street. By 1468, the road was known as Grays Inn Lane , or Graysynlane . Richard Horwood 's map (updated by William Faden in 1813) calls the whole stretch from Holborn to modern King's Cross "Grays Inn Lane", but by
1400-414: The borough of Camden representing the many diverse personalities that have lived there. The area of the old parish and borough of Hampstead in the north-west includes Belsize Park and part of Kilburn . The old parish and borough of St Pancras , which occupies most of the modern borough, includes Camden Town , Kentish Town , Gospel Oak , Somers Town , King's Cross , Chalk Farm , Dartmouth Park ,
1450-488: The combined area of the three metropolitan boroughs of Hampstead, Holborn, and St Pancras, which were all abolished. The initial Herbert Commission report recommended that the new borough consist of St Pancras and Hampstead, but Holborn was later added. According to Enid Wistrich, who was a member of Hampstead Council at the time, the name "Camden" was the idea of Alderman Room, the Leader of Hampstead Council, and Mr Wilson,
1500-433: The core area of Fitzrovia and a part of Highgate . In the south, the old Borough of Holborn was formed from the combined parish of Bloomsbury and St Giles , and most of the parish of Holborn (with the remaining part in the ancient Farringdon Without ward of the City of London ). The economy and land uses of the West End and other southern parts of the borough reflect their more central location. Camden has
1550-669: The country. John Ogilby and William Morgan 's map of 1676 shows "Grayes-Inn Lane" which is clearly built up as far as Elm Street, although that is the limit of the map. John Rocque 's map of 1738 depicts "Grays Inn Lane" which clearly applies to the stretch from Holborn to the edge of the built up area (somewhat south of the present Calthorpe Street), but where it passes into the country it is called "Road to Hampstead and Highgate ". 51°31′26″N 0°06′56″W / 51.52376°N 0.11545°W / 51.52376; -0.11545 London Borough of Camden The London Borough of Camden ( / ˈ k æ m d ə n / )
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1600-587: The electoral wards in Camden are: Since 2000, Camden forms part of the Barnet and Camden London Assembly constituency, represented by Anne Clarke of the Labour Party. There are two parliamentary constituencies covering Camden: Hampstead and Kilburn in the north, represented by Labour's Tulip Siddiq , and Holborn and St. Pancras in the south, represented by Keir Starmer , the Prime Minister of
1650-757: The footprint of the Eastman Dental Hospital site on Gray's Inn Road to enable construction of a new building for the UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and a hub for the UK Dementia Research Institute. Completion was scheduled for late 2023, for occupation in 2024. The following services are currently provided at the hospital: 51°31′35″N 0°07′04″W / 51.5264°N 0.1178°W / 51.5264; -0.1178 Gray%27s Inn Road Gray's Inn Road (or Grays Inn Road )
1700-656: The hospital, making its orthodontic department one of the largest in the UK. The hospital is part of both the UCLH/UCL Biomedical Research Centre and the UCL Partners academic health science centre . In 1926, George Eastman donated £200,000 (plus another £100,000 from two other principal benefactors) for the establishment of a specialist dental and oral health clinic for the benefit of poor children of Central London. The Eastman Dental Clinic
1750-544: The less densely developed areas of Hampstead , Hampstead Heath and Kentish Town. There are a number of Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Camden . Neighbouring boroughs are the City of Westminster and the City of London to the south, Brent to the west of the originally Roman Watling Street (now the A5 Road) , Barnet and Haringey to the north and Islington to the east. It covers all or part of
1800-511: The lower tier of local government within the metropolis comprised various parish vestries and district boards . The ancient parishes of Hampstead and St Pancras were each governed by their vestry . The various smaller parishes and territories to the south were grouped into the St Giles District and Holborn District , each governed by a district board. In 1900 the lower tier was reorganised into metropolitan boroughs , including
1850-529: The lowest rate in London. The 2001 census gave Camden a population of 198,000, an undercount that was later revised to 202,600. The latest ONS projection puts the 2019 population at 270,000. On 20 May 1999, the Camden New Journal newspaper documented 'Two Camdens' syndrome as a high-profile phenomenon differentiating the characteristics of education services in its constituencies. In 2006, Dame Julia Neuberger's book reported similar variation as
1900-665: The main objects as set out above. The future role of the Institute and Hospital in national and worldwide postgraduate dental education and training was created with the establishment of the Faculty of Dental Surgery , in 1948, at the Royal College of Surgeons by Sir Robert Vivian Bradlaw, and the creation of the Dental Fellowship examination. After the creation of the National Health Service ,
1950-576: The mid-19th century it was solidified as Gray's Inn Road . Throughout its route the road keeps to the higher ground, above the valley of the River Fleet to the east. In earlier times it was the principal route from London to Hampstead . The area of Gray's Inn Road was clearly populated from palaeolithic times. Given the road's height above the Fleet valley, it may have formed part of an ancient trackway. A gravel bed off Gray's Inn Lane (see below)
2000-611: The need for free primary dental care was met nationally and the Eastman Clinic ended its routine treatment (but retaining a casualty service) and changed its name to the Eastman Dental Hospital. It co-located with University College London ear, nose, throat, balance and hearing services on Huntley Street, in Bloomsbury , London, as the Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospitals in October 2019. In 2019, project manager Arcadis and contractor ISG Ltd began work to expand
2050-472: The new central London termini and construction of lines through the district. The population peaked at 376,500 in the 1890s, after which official efforts began to clear the overcrowded slums around St Pancras and Holborn . After World War II , further suburban public housing was built to rehouse the many Londoners made homeless in the Blitz , and there was an exodus from London towards the new towns under
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2100-572: The public on a 24-hour basis. Hampstead Heath , situated within the London Borough of Camden and managed by the City of London Corporation , has its own Constabulary who deal with everyday incidents on the Heath, however, all serious criminal offences are passed to the Metropolitan Police to investigate. With a large London Underground network and major railway stations such as King's Cross , St Pancras and Euston , Camden also has
2150-489: The religious identity of residents residing in Camden according to the 2001, 2011 and the 2021 censuses. London is well known for its greenery and the Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Camden make an important contribution to this. Hampstead Heath is well known for its view over London, notably from Parliament Hill, its wild nature and its Hampstead Heath Ponds . Camden shares Regents Park with Westminster and
2200-515: The seventh largest economy in the UK with a number of major companies headquartered in the borough; Google is in the process of completing a major headquarter building in King's Cross. Camden Town Brewery is among the newer businesses that have thrived in the borough. In the far south of the borough, Lincoln's Inn Fields is within 500 metres of the Thames. The northern part of the borough includes
2250-529: The south contrast with the bustling mixed-use districts such as Camden Town and Kentish Town in the centre and leafy residential areas around Hampstead Heath in the north. Well known attractions include The British Museum , The British Library , the famous views from Parliament Hill , the London Zoo , the BT Tower , the converted Roundhouse entertainment venue, and Camden Market . As of 2021 it has
2300-521: The views from Primrose Hill are famous. The Borough of Camden is home to a large number of primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. Over recent years, a number of significant institutions have moved into the borough or are planning to do so. The included Central Saint Martins , the Francis Crick Institute , as well as the planned move by Moorfields Eye Hospital , recently unveiled as Project Oriel. The London Borough of Camden
2350-708: Was constructed between 1928 and 1930 to the design of Sir John Burnet and Partners and was opened on 20 November 1931 by the American Ambassador. Until 1947/48, the clinic was integrated into the Royal Free Hospital . Afterwards, as an independent institution, it was established as the postgraduate dental institute of the Postgraduate Medical Federation. The bust of George Eastman was moved to the new hospital on Huntley Street, WC1 6DG, in October 2019. The objectives of
2400-472: Was generally associated with the centre of the new Borough. The name "Camden" met those criteria. The name "Camden Town" was derived from Camden Place, the seat of Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden who had owned and developed land in the area in the 1790s. The transcribed diaries of William Copeland Astbury, recently made available, describe Camden and the surrounding areas in great detail from 1829 to 1848. There are 162 English Heritage blue plaques in
2450-756: Was scrapped by the former Mayor of London Boris Johnson in 2008. All bus services are operated by Transport for London . Buses serve every suburb in the borough. The 2011 census found that the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: underground, metro, light rail, tram, 21.5% of all residents aged 16–74; on foot, 9.2%; bus, minibus or coach, 9.2%; driving a car or van, 6.3%; work mainly at or from home, 5.2%; train, 4.1%; bicycle, 4.1%. The census also found that 61% of households had no car, 32% had one car and 7% of households had 2 or more cars. There were an estimated 46,000 cars belonging to Camden residents. "Camden Borough Profile" (PDF) . From 16 December 2013, Camden Council introduced
2500-569: Was the find spot for the c. 350,000-year-old Gray's Inn Lane Hand Axe in 1679. It was acquired by Hans Sloane and later donated to the British Museum , where it remains. Hand Axe Yard, a residential development adjoining Gray's Inn Road, takes its name from the object. The manor of Portpool formerly existed in the same area as Gray's Inn , and although the manor is not mentioned in the Domesday Book it came into possession of
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