94-588: The Camden New Journal is a British independent newspaper published in the London Borough of Camden . It was launched by editor Eric Gordon in 1982 following a two-year strike at its predecessor, the Camden Journal . The newspaper was supported by campaigning journalist Paul Foot and former Holborn and St Pancras MP Frank Dobson . It carries significant influence locally, due to its high news content, investigations and large circulation. It
188-458: A Goidelic language, Manx . Northern Scotland mainly spoke Pritennic , which became Pictish , which may have been a Brythonic language. During the period of the Roman occupation of Southern Britain (AD 43 to c. 410 ), Common Brythonic borrowed a large stock of Latin words. Approximately 800 of these Latin loan-words have survived in the three modern Brythonic languages. Romano-British
282-589: A collective name for the British Isles. However, with the Roman conquest of Britain , the Latin term Britannia was used for the island of Great Britain, and later Roman-occupied Britain south of Caledonia . The earliest known name for Great Britain is Albion ( Greek : Ἀλβιών ) or insula Albionum , from either the Latin albus meaning "white" (possibly referring to the white cliffs of Dover ,
376-456: A common ancestral language termed Brittonic , British , Common Brythonic , Old Brythonic or Proto-Brythonic , which is thought to have developed from Proto-Celtic or early Insular Celtic by the 6th century AD. Brythonic languages were probably spoken before the Roman invasion at least in the majority of Great Britain south of the rivers Forth and Clyde , though the Isle of Man later had
470-453: A marriage between Cecily , daughter of Edward IV of England , and James , son of James III of Scotland , which described it as "this Nobill Isle, callit Gret Britanee". The Scottish philosopher and historian, John Major (Mair), published his 'History of Great Britain, both England and Scotland' ( Historia majoris Britanniae, tam Angliae quam Scotiae ) in 1521. While promoting a possible royal match in 1548, Lord Protector Somerset said that
564-659: A north-western portion of the London Borough of Camden and an easternmost portion of London Borough of Brent and was composed of the following electoral wards: Due to the Boundary Commission 's Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies , the number of constituencies across Camden and Brent fell from five to four. The seat of Hampstead and Kilburn was a new creation for the 2010 general election resulting from these changes. Hampstead Town, Belsize, Swiss Cottage, Frognal and Fitzjohns, Fortune Green, West Hampstead, and Kilburn (Camden) were transferred from
658-683: A one-room office on the ground floor of 40 Camden Road, Camden Town ; these offices had been the base, courtesy of the Town Hall, of the weekly strike paper, Save The Journal . In 2006, the Camden New Journal – and its sister paper the Islington Tribune – broke the national story that government minister Margaret Hodge had described the war in Iraq as British Prime Minister Tony Blair 's biggest mistake. In 2020, during
752-583: A peninsular extension of mainland Europe until catastrophic flooding between then and 130,000 years ago resulted in the creation of the English Channel and Britain becoming an island during warm interglacial periods like the Last Interglacial/Eemian (130–115,000 years ago), though it remained connected to mainland Europe during glacial periods when sea levels were low. Archaic humans repeatedly occupied Britain before abandoning
846-572: A profit; true to Gordon's original aim of only covering the costs to allow for the publication of a "campaigning, open-to-all newspaper". The Westminster Extra , also known as the Extra , began as a pull-out in its sister paper the Camden New Journal as the West End Extra . The Extra was formed by former Camden New Journal editor, Eric Gordon, after seeing a gap in the market for a 'local, free to read and stubbornly independent' newspaper in
940-777: A result of this eventful geological history, the island shows a rich variety of landscapes . The oldest rocks in Great Britain are the Lewisian gneisses , metamorphic rocks found in the far north west of the island and in the Hebrides (with a few small outcrops elsewhere), which date from at least 2,700 My ago. South of the gneisses are a complex mixture of rocks forming the North West Highlands and Grampian Highlands in Scotland. These are essentially
1034-598: A secular school before being offered a place at Gateshead Yeshivah . He then moved to a Talmudic college in Stamford Hill , London; however, he ran away after two years. On Gordon's eighteenth birthday, he joined the Young Communist League , after being persuaded by his communist brother to reject institutionalised Judaism. Gordon learnt shorthand and typing in his ambition to become a journalist. After spending three years of National Service in
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#17327756063251128-640: A short illness. He was the Camden New Journal 's founding and only editor, celebrating the 2000th issue in 2020, and continued to work on the publication until his death. The Camden New Journal 's deputy editor, Richard Osley, wrote, "As editor of one of the last independent titles in the UK, he was proud of the newspaper's freedom from large groups and championed a co-op style structure, warning that papers would struggle to survive if they had to answer to faraway group executives or distant shareholders seeking dividends each year." Before Gordon's death, he set out
1222-699: A similar sense to fauna, and for similar reasons, the flora consists of fewer species compared to much larger continental Europe. The flora comprises 3,354 vascular plant species, of which 2,297 are native and 1,057 have been introduced. The island has a wide variety of trees , including native species of birch , beech , ash , hawthorn , elm , oak , yew , pine , cherry and apple . Other trees have been naturalised, introduced especially from other parts of Europe (particularly Norway) and North America. Introduced trees include several varieties of pine, chestnut , maple , spruce , sycamore and fir , as well as cherry plum and pear trees . The tallest species are
1316-401: A very extended period of time. Changing latitude and sea levels have been important factors in the nature of sedimentary sequences, whilst successive continental collisions have affected its geological structure with major faulting and folding being a legacy of each orogeny (mountain-building period), often associated with volcanic activity and the metamorphism of existing rock sequences. As
1410-404: A vision to set up a new management structure for the newspaper. He proposed the idea of an outside body of trustees to represent the community and to ensure the newspaper followed, as faithfully as possible, the aims and principles that led to its birth in 1982. Following Gordon's death, the intention is to ensure the newspaper can not be bought by one person who could change its focus towards making
1504-677: Is G. On the Internet, .uk is the country code top-level domain for the United Kingdom. A .gb top-level domain was used to a limited extent, but is now deprecated; although existing registrations still exist (mainly by government organizations and email providers), the domain name registrar will not take new registrations. In the Olympics, Team GB is used by the British Olympic Association to represent
1598-743: Is also more than 1000 species of bryophyte including algae and mosses across the island. The currently known species include 767 mosses, 298 liverworts and 4 hornworts . There are many species of fungi including lichen -forming species, and the mycobiota is less poorly known than in many other parts of the world. The most recent checklist of Basidiomycota (bracket fungi, jelly fungi, mushrooms and toadstools, puffballs, rusts and smuts), published in 2005, accepts over 3600 species. The most recent checklist of Ascomycota (cup fungi and their allies, including most lichen-forming fungi), published in 1985, accepts another 5100 species. These two lists did not include conidial fungi (fungi mostly with affinities in
1692-479: Is frequently critical of local and national government, which has led to attacks by national government ministers, as well as local councillors, unusually for a local paper. On being awarded its second Press Gazette Free Newspaper of the Year award in 2005, the judges praised how the paper kept its " huge local council on its toes with exclusive after exclusive". The Camden New Journal has its origins in 1872, when
1786-463: Is subject to continuing urbanisation , which have contributed towards the overall loss of species. A DEFRA (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs) study from 2006 suggested that 100 species have become extinct in the UK during the 20th century, about 100 times the background extinction rate . However, some species, such as the brown rat , red fox , and introduced grey squirrel , are well adapted to urban areas. Rodents make up 40% of
1880-898: Is the capital city of Scotland , and is the seat of the Scottish Government as well as the highest courts in Scotland . The Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh is the official residence of the British monarch in Scotland. Cardiff is the capital city of Wales , and is the seat of the Welsh Government . In the Late Bronze Age, Britain was part of a culture called the Atlantic Bronze Age , held together by maritime trading, which also included Ireland, France, Spain and Portugal. In contrast to
1974-598: Is the largest denomination in Wales . There are other non-conformist minorities, such as Baptists , Quakers , the United Reformed Church (a union of Congregationalists and English Presbyterians ), Unitarians . The first patron saint of Great Britain was Saint Alban . He was the first Christian martyr dating from the Romano-British period, condemned to death for his faith and sacrificed to
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#17327756063252068-465: Is the largest of the British Isles , the largest European island and the ninth-largest island in the world . It is dominated by a maritime climate with narrow temperature differences between seasons. The island of Ireland , with an area 40 per cent that of Great Britain, is to the west – these islands, along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands and named substantial rocks , comprise
2162-529: Is the largest species, with roe deer and fallow deer also prominent; the latter was introduced by the Normans . Sika deer and two more species of smaller deer, muntjac and Chinese water deer , have been introduced, muntjac becoming widespread in England and parts of Wales while Chinese water deer are restricted mainly to East Anglia. Habitat loss has affected many species. Extinct large mammals include
2256-791: Is the name for the Latinised form of the language used by Roman authors. British English is spoken in the present day across the island, and developed from the Old English brought to the island by Anglo-Saxon settlers from the mid 5th century. Some 1.5 million people speak Scots —which was indigenous language of Scotland and has become closer to English over centuries. An estimated 700,000 people speak Welsh , an official language in Wales . In parts of north west Scotland, Scottish Gaelic remains widely spoken. There are various regional dialects of English, and numerous languages spoken by some immigrant populations. Christianity has been
2350-724: The 2024 general election by Tulip Siddiq of the Labour Party . Glenda Jackson was the MP from 2010 to 2015, having served for the predecessor seat since 1992 . Under the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies , the majority of the constituency - excluding the Borough of Brent wards of Brondesbury Park , Kilburn and Queen's Park - was incorporated into the re-established seat of Hampstead and Highgate . The seat covered Hampstead and West Hampstead, which are known for their large houses and affluent population, and to
2444-515: The BBC , as well as former Camden New Journal deputy editor Andrew Johnson. Peter Gruner, an award-winning environment journalist who previously worked for the Evening Standard , worked for the title until 2015. The Westminster Extra (formerly known as the West End Extra , a name it retains online), which covers the entire City of Westminster , launched in 2005 and is also produced from
2538-473: The British Olympic team . The Olympic Federation of Ireland represents the whole island of Ireland , and Northern Irish sportspeople may choose to compete for either team, most choosing to represent Ireland. Politically, Great Britain refers to the whole of England , Scotland and Wales in combination, but not Northern Ireland ; it includes islands, such as the Isle of Wight , Anglesey ,
2632-824: The Celtic languages to the island. During the Iron Age , Britain was inhabited by various different Celtic tribes . The Romans conquered most of the island (up to Hadrian's Wall in northern England) and this became the Ancient Roman province of Britannia . In the course of the 500 years after the Roman Empire fell, the Britons of the south and east of the island were assimilated or displaced by invading Germanic tribes ( Angles , Saxons , and Jutes , often referred to collectively as Anglo-Saxons ). At about
2726-618: The Cultural Revolution , on which he planned to write a book, while Gordon was working in a commune. In 1969, following surgery for cancer, he negotiated a cleverly worded 'confession', admitting to being anti-Marxist and bourgeois, but not a spy. After Gordon's release, he wrote a book, Freedom Is a Word . Gordon's second marriage was to Samantha (née Harding), with whom he had a second daughter, Elly. Gordon lived in Primrose Hill and died on 5 April 2021, aged 89, after
2820-957: The Douglas firs ; two specimens have been recorded measuring 65 metres or 212 feet. The Fortingall Yew in Perthshire is the oldest tree in Europe. There are at least 1,500 different species of wildflower . Some 107 species are particularly rare or vulnerable and are protected by the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 . It is illegal to uproot any wildflowers without the landowner's permission. A vote in 2002 nominated various wildflowers to represent specific counties. These include red poppies , bluebells , daisies , daffodils , rosemary , gorse , iris , ivy , mint , orchids , brambles , thistles , buttercups , primrose , thyme , tulips , violets , cowslip , heather and many more. There
2914-772: The Enfield Gazette , and her husband Irving, retired chief press officer at the National Coal Board , competing against its long established competitors, the St Pancras Chronicle and the Hampstead and Highgate Express . Gordon gradually built on the tiny circulation of the former Camden Journal by combining the usual local paper fare of fetes, deaths and marriages with hard-edged campaigning news stories highlighting social inequity, particularly on issues of class and race. The newspaper occupied
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3008-551: The Greater London Council . In February 2023, the Extra published its 1,500th edition. The Camden New Journal , Islington Tribune , Westminster Extra , and The Review are all publications of New Journal Enterprises. The Islington Tribune , launched in 2003, is a widely-read local newspaper in the London Borough of Islington , contributed to by Koos Couvée and Joe Cooper. Former reporters include Joel Taylor, Kim Janssen and Andrew Walker, who works for
3102-522: The Gregorian mission . It was the main religion for around a thousand years. There are over 5 million adherents today, 4.5 million Catholics in England and Wales and 750,000 in Scotland , although fewer than a million Catholics regularly attend mass . The Church of Scotland , a form of Protestantism with a Presbyterian system of ecclesiastical polity , is the third most numerous on
3196-557: The Holloway & Islington Journal and the Camden Journal , the former being discontinued in 1974. The Camden Journal continued until the 1980s when Eric Gordon bought the newspaper from Courier Press for £1 following a 16-month strike that started when nine journalists were dismissed in December 1980 upon the closure of the original Camden Journal . Camden Labour backed the journalists and on 3 January 1981 they helped distribute
3290-712: The Holloway Press began. In 1875, the newspaper was renamed the North Metropolitan and Holloway Press before becoming the Holloway Press in 1880, the Islington & Holloway Press in 1923, and the North London Press from 1942. From 1964, separate editions of the North London Press were published for Islington and Camden , before the publications separated in February 1971 to form
3384-477: The Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia . Judaism figured slightly more than Buddhism at the 2011 census, having 263,000 adherents (excluding Scotland's about 6000). Jews have inhabited Britain since 1070. However, those resident and open about their religion were expelled from England in 1290, replicated in some other Catholic countries of the era. Jews were permitted to re-establish settlement as of 1656, in
3478-574: The Isles of Scilly , the Hebrides and the island groups of Orkney and Shetland , that are part of England, Wales, or Scotland. It does not include the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands . The political union which joined the kingdoms of England and Scotland occurred in 1707 when the Acts of Union ratified the 1706 Treaty of Union and merged the parliaments of the two nations, forming
3572-717: The Kingdom of Great Britain , which covered the entire island. Before this, a personal union had existed between these two countries since the 1603 Union of the Crowns under James VI of Scotland and I of England . The oldest evidence for archaic humans in Britain are the Happisburgh footprints and associated stone tools found in Norfolk , dating to around 950–850,000 years ago. Prior to 450,000 years ago, Britain formed
3666-666: The New Journal 's Camden Town office. Both are also edited by Tom Foot. Despite the paper's name, it also includes Kensington and Chelsea in its list of areas covered. Great Britain Great Britain (commonly shortened to Britain ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe , consisting of the countries England , Scotland and Wales . With an area of 209,331 km (80,823 sq mi), it
3760-599: The Old English Breoton, Breoten, Bryten, Breten (also Breoton-lond, Breten-lond ). Britannia was used by the Romans from the 1st century BC for the British Isles taken together. It is derived from the travel writings of Pytheas around 320 BC, which described various islands in the North Atlantic as far north as Thule (probably Norway ). The peoples of these islands of Prettanike were called
3854-585: The Privy Council of England was drafting the proclamation of the new king, Charles I, a Scottish peer, Thomas Erskine, 1st Earl of Kellie , succeeded in insisting that it use the phrase "King of Great Britain", which James had preferred, rather than King of Scotland and England (or vice versa). While that title was also used by some of James's successors, England and Scotland each remained legally separate countries, each with its own parliament, until 1707, when each parliament passed an Act of Union to ratify
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3948-513: The Shirley Porter Homes For Votes scandal . The Extra covers the entire City of Westminster and is produced from the New Journal 's Camden Town office. Despite the paper's name, it also includes Kensington and Chelsea in its list of areas covered. The paper includes a letters page and a diary column, Harrington , named after former literary editor Illtyd Harrington , Ken Livingstone 's former deputy on
4042-458: The Treaty of Union that had been agreed the previous year. This created a single kingdom with one parliament with effect from 1 May 1707. The Treaty of Union specified the name of the new all-island state as "Great Britain", while describing it as "One Kingdom" and "the United Kingdom". To most historians, therefore, the all-island state that existed between 1707 and 1800 is either "Great Britain" or
4136-518: The West End , and in 1994 the first stand-alone edition was launched. The newspaper was free from dispensers across Covent Garden , Soho , Marylebone and Mayfair , as well as being sold at selected newsagents for 17p. The paper has covered major national events, such as the Admiral Duncan pub bombings in 1999 and the 2005 7/7 bombings , as well as local issues, including the aftermath of
4230-433: The brown bear , grey wolf and wild boar ; the latter has had a limited reintroduction in recent times. There is a wealth of birdlife , with 628 species recorded, of which 258 breed on the island or remain during winter. Because of its mild winters for its latitude, Great Britain hosts important numbers of many wintering species, particularly waders , ducks , geese and swans . Other well known bird species include
4324-520: The golden eagle , grey heron , common kingfisher , common wood pigeon , house sparrow , European robin , grey partridge , and various species of crow , finch , gull , auk , grouse , owl and falcon . There are six species of reptile on the island; three snakes and three lizards including the legless slowworm . One snake, the adder , is venomous but rarely deadly. Amphibians present are frogs , toads and newts . There are also several introduced species of reptile and amphibian. In
4418-548: The mammal species . These include squirrels , mice , voles , rats and the recently reintroduced European beaver . There is also an abundance of European rabbit , European hare , shrews , European mole and several species of bat . Carnivorous mammals include the red fox , Eurasian badger , Eurasian otter , weasel , stoat and elusive Scottish wildcat . Various species of seal , whale and dolphin are found on or around British shores and coastlines. The largest land-based wild animals today are deer . The red deer
4512-525: The pagan gods . In more recent times, some have suggested the adoption of St Aidan as another patron saint of Britain. From Ireland, he worked at Iona amongst the Dál Riata and then Lindisfarne where he restored Christianity to Northumbria . The three constituent countries of the United Kingdom have patron saints: Saint George and Saint Andrew are represented in the flags of England and Scotland respectively. These two flags combined to form
4606-786: The pathology labs of the Royal Medical Corps, he worked on a series of local newspapers, including the Brighton Evening Argus and the Daily Herald . Gordon married Marie (née Biney) in 1955 and the couple had a son, Kim, in 1965, and daughter, Leigh, in 1970. In February 1965, Gordon took his wife and son to Beijing to work in the Chinese government's foreign-language publishing house. By 1967, Gordon had been accused of spying in and spent two years under house arrest. The Chinese authorities found notes about
4700-716: The " Kingdom of Great Britain ". Great Britain lies on the European continental shelf, part of the Eurasian Plate and off the north-west coast of continental Europe , separated from this European mainland by the North Sea and by the English Channel , which narrows to 34 km (18 nmi; 21 mi) at the Straits of Dover . It stretches over about ten degrees of latitude on its longer, north–south axis and covers 209,331 km (80,823 sq mi), excluding
4794-414: The 2015 election to the 2010 election, the Liberal Democrat share of the vote fell by 25.6%, which compared to a national negative swing for the party of 15.2%. In the 2016 referendum , in which the UK voted to leave the European Union, the constituency voted to remain by 76.6%. In 2017, Labour significantly increased its majority to 26.6%, winning nearly 60% of votes cast. The constituency covered
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#17327756063254888-439: The Angles. Germanic speakers referred to Britons as Welsh . This term came to be applied exclusively to the inhabitants of what is now Wales, but it also survives in names such as Wallace and in the second syllable of Cornwall . Cymry , a name the Britons used to describe themselves, is similarly restricted in modern Welsh to people from Wales, but also survives in English in the place name of Cumbria . The Britons living in
4982-438: The Ascomycota but known only in their asexual state) or any of the other main fungal groups (Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota and Zygomycota). The number of fungal species known very probably exceeds 10,000. There is widespread agreement among mycologists that many others are yet to be discovered. London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom as a whole, and is the seat of the United Kingdom's government . Edinburgh
5076-459: The British Isles archipelago . Connected to mainland Europe until 9,000 years ago by a landbridge now known as Doggerland , Great Britain has been inhabited by modern humans for around 30,000 years. In 2011, it had a population of about 61 million , making it the world's third-most-populous island after Honshu in Japan and Java in Indonesia , and the most populated island outside of Asia . The term "Great Britain" can also refer to
5170-480: The COVID-19 pandemic, the Camden New Journal set up a food aid van project in which the paper played a role in getting food to those at risk of going hungry. As of 2021, the Camden New Journal has a distribution of 50,000, which includes door-to-door deliveries and pick-up bins around the borough of Camden. The newspaper reaches one in every two people in the borough and there is also an e-reader edition. In March 2023, to mark International Women's Day , Issue 2120
5264-434: The Church is the monarch of the United Kingdom, as the Supreme Governor . It has the status of established church in England. There are just over 26 million adherents to Anglicanism in Britain today, although only around one million regularly attend services. The second largest Christian practice is the Latin Church of the Catholic Church , which traces its history to the 6th century with Augustine of Canterbury and
5358-410: The English and Scots were, "like as twoo brethren of one Islande of great Britaynes again." In 1604, James VI and I styled himself "King of Great Brittaine, France and Ireland". Great Britain refers geographically to the island of Great Britain. Politically, it may refer to the whole of England , Scotland and Wales , including their smaller offshore islands. It is not technically correct to use
5452-455: The London area sinking at double this partly due to the continuing compaction of the recent clay deposits. Animal diversity is modest, as a result of factors including the island's small land area, the relatively recent age of the habitats developed since the last glacial period and the island's physical separation from continental Europe , and the effects of seasonal variability. Great Britain also experienced early industrialisation and
5546-400: The New Journal Enterprises group, the newspaper's content is produced at 40 Camden Road in Camden Town, London and covers the areas of Belsize Park , Bloomsbury , Camden Town , Chalk Farm , Covent Garden , Gospel Oak , Hampstead , Holborn , Kentish Town , Kilburn , Primrose Hill , Regent's Park , Somers Town , Swiss Cottage and West Hampstead . In addition to local news stories,
5640-405: The UK government yearbooks have used both Britain and United Kingdom . GB and GBR are used instead of UK in some international codes to refer to the United Kingdom, including the Universal Postal Union , international sports teams, NATO , and the International Organization for Standardization country codes ISO 3166-2 and ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 , whilst the aircraft registration prefix
5734-431: The area during cooler periods. Modern humans arrived in Britain about 40,000 years ago, as evidenced by remains found in Kents Cavern in Devon, following the disappearance of Neanderthals . Prior to 9,000 years ago Britain retained a land connection to the continent, with an area of mostly low marshland ( Doggerland ) joining it to what are now Denmark and the Netherlands . During the Mesolithic period, Britain
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#17327756063255828-402: The areas now known as Wales, Cumbria and Cornwall were not assimilated by the Germanic tribes, a fact reflected in the survival of Celtic languages in these areas into more recent times. At the time of the Germanic invasion of southern Britain , many Britons emigrated to the area now known as Brittany , where Breton , a Celtic language closely related to Welsh and Cornish and descended from
5922-600: The basis of the Great Britain royal flag of 1604. Saint David is the patron saint of Wales. There are many other British saints. Some of the best known are Cuthbert , Columba , Patrick , Margaret , Edward the Confessor , Mungo , Thomas More , Petroc , Bede , and Thomas Becket . Numerous other religions are practised. The 2011 census recorded that Islam had around 2.7 million adherents (excluding Scotland with about 76,000). More than 1.4 million people (excluding Scotland's about 38,000) believe in Hinduism , Sikhism , or Buddhism —religions that developed in
6016-425: The bed of the North Sea was dry and acted as a land bridge, now known as Doggerland , to the Continent. It is generally thought that as sea levels gradually rose after the end of the last glacial period of the current ice age, Doggerland reflooded cutting off what was the British peninsula from the European mainland by around 6500 BC. Great Britain has been subject to a variety of plate tectonic processes over
6110-437: The breaching of the Weald-Artois Anticline , a ridge that held back a large proglacial lake , now submerged under the North Sea. Around 10,000 years ago, during the Devensian glaciation with its lower sea level , Great Britain was not an island, but an upland region of continental north-western Europe, lying partially underneath the Eurasian ice sheet. The sea level was about 120 metres (390 ft) lower than today, and
6204-576: The first edition of Save the Journal . A campaign was launched that was backed by journalists at the Hornsey Journal and Islington Gazette and NUJ members in Nuneaton , Leamington Spa , Rugby , Haverfordwest , Ammanford and London's suburban papers. The campaign succeeded, with the publication being turned into a free newspaper and re-launched as the Camden New Journal on 25 March 1982. The paper launched with eight full time admin and editorial staff, and others contributing their services, including sub-editor and designer Renee Oldfield, formerly of
6298-404: The first view of Britain from the continent) or the "island of the Albiones ". The oldest mention of terms related to Great Britain was by Aristotle (384–322 BC), or possibly by Pseudo-Aristotle , in his text On the Universe , Vol. III. To quote his works, "There are two very large islands in it, called the British Isles, Albion and Ierne ". The first known written use of the word Britain
6392-474: The generally accepted view that Celtic originated in the context of the Hallstatt culture , since 2009, John T. Koch and others have proposed that the origins of the Celtic languages are to be sought in Bronze Age Western Europe, especially the Iberian Peninsula. Koch et al.'s proposal has failed to find wide acceptance among experts on the Celtic languages. All the modern Brythonic languages (Breton, Cornish, Welsh) are generally considered to derive from
6486-419: The interregnum which was a peak of anti-Catholicism. Most Jews in Great Britain have ancestors who fled for their lives , particularly from 19th century Lithuania and the territories occupied by Nazi Germany . Hampstead and Kilburn (UK Parliament constituency) Hampstead and Kilburn was a constituency created in 2010 and represented in the House of Commons from 2015 until its abolition for
6580-485: The island group as αἱ Πρεττανικαὶ νῆσοι (the Prettanic Isles). The Greco-Egyptian scientist Ptolemy referred to the larger island as great Britain (μεγάλη Βρεττανία megale Brettania ) and to Ireland as little Britain (μικρὰ Βρεττανία mikra Brettania ) in his work Almagest (147–148 AD). In his later work, Geography ( c. 150 AD ), he gave the islands the names Alwion , Iwernia , and Mona (the Isle of Man ), suggesting these may have been
6674-404: The island of Great Britain as Britannia major ("Greater Britain"), to distinguish it from Britannia minor ("Lesser Britain"), the continental region which approximates to modern Brittany and had been settled in the fifth and sixth centuries by Celtic Briton migrants from Great Britain. The term Great Britain was first used officially in 1474, in the instrument drawing up the proposal for
6768-560: The island with around 2.1 million members. Introduced in Scotland by clergyman John Knox , it has the status of national church in Scotland. The monarch of the United Kingdom is represented by a Lord High Commissioner . Methodism is the fourth largest and grew out of Anglicanism through John Wesley . It gained popularity in the old mill towns of Lancashire and Yorkshire , also amongst tin miners in Cornwall . The Presbyterian Church of Wales , which follows Calvinistic Methodism ,
6862-511: The language of the emigrants, is still spoken. In the 9th century, a series of Danish assaults on northern English kingdoms led to them coming under Danish control (an area known as the Danelaw ). In the 10th century, however, all the English kingdoms were unified under one ruler as the kingdom of England when the last constituent kingdom, Northumbria, submitted to Edgar in 959. In 1066, England
6956-541: The largest religion by number of adherents since the Early Middle Ages : it was introduced under the ancient Romans, developing as Celtic Christianity . According to tradition, Christianity arrived in the 1st or 2nd century . The most popular form is Anglicanism (known as Episcopalism in Scotland). Dating from the 16th-century Reformation , it regards itself as both Catholic and Reformed . The Head of
7050-496: The much smaller surrounding islands. The North Channel , Irish Sea , St George's Channel and Celtic Sea separate the island from the island of Ireland to its west. The island is since 1993 joined, via one structure, with continental Europe: the Channel Tunnel , the longest undersea rail tunnel in the world. The island is marked by low, rolling countryside in the east and south, while hills and mountains predominate in
7144-512: The names of the individual islands not known to him at the time of writing Almagest . The name Albion appears to have fallen out of use sometime after the Roman conquest of Britain , after which Britain became the more commonplace name for the island. After the Anglo-Saxon period, Britain was used as a historical term only. Geoffrey of Monmouth in his pseudohistorical Historia Regum Britanniae ( c. 1136 ) refers to
7238-475: The paper covers arts and features, local politics in the Peeps column and sport. The paper also includes a letters page and a diary page, penned by John Gulliver. Richard Osley has been editor of the publication since 2021. Current journalists at the Camden New Journal include Dan Carrier, Anna Lamche, Frankie Lister-Fell, Izzy Rowley, Charlotte Chambers, Steve Barnett and Tom Foot. Former contributor Rose Hacker
7332-505: The political territory of England , Scotland and Wales , which includes their offshore islands. This territory, together with Northern Ireland , constitutes the United Kingdom . The archipelago has been referred to by a single name for over 2000 years: the term ' British Isles ' derives from terms used by classical geographers to describe this island group. By 50 BC, Greek geographers were using equivalents of Prettanikē as
7426-472: The remains of folded sedimentary rocks that were deposited between 1,000 My and 670 My ago over the gneiss on what was then the floor of the Iapetus Ocean . In the current era the north of the island is rising as a result of the weight of Devensian ice being lifted. Counterbalanced, the south and east is sinking, generally estimated at 1 mm ( 1 ⁄ 25 inch) per year, with
7520-636: The same time, Gaelic tribes from Ireland invaded the north-west, absorbing both the Picts and Britons of northern Britain, eventually forming the Kingdom of Scotland in the 9th century. The south-east of Scotland was colonised by the Angles and formed, until 1018, a part of the Kingdom of Northumbria . Ultimately, the population of south-east Britain came to be referred to as the English people , so-named after
7614-479: The term to refer to the whole of the United Kingdom which includes Northern Ireland , though the Oxford English Dictionary states "...the term is also used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom." Similarly, Britain can refer to either all islands in Great Britain, the largest island, or the political grouping of countries. There is no clear distinction, even in government documents:
7708-421: The third-placed candidate obtained 841 fewer votes than the winner, approximately 1% of the electorate. In January 2013, Jackson announced that she would not seek re-election, one of 37 of her party's MPs who did so in the 2015 general election . The seat was won by Labour candidate Tulip Siddiq. The 2015 result made the seat the 10th narrowest result of the party's 232 seats (by majority percentage). Comparing
7802-483: The west, the more working-class areas of Kilburn and Queen's Park. The constituency was created for the 2010 general election in which it was won by Labour 's Glenda Jackson with a majority of 42 votes being the most marginal result in England; one smaller majority nationally was achieved, in Fermanagh and South Tyrone , Northern Ireland . Hampstead and Kilburn was in 2010 the closest three-way marginal seat as
7896-452: The western and northern regions. It is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets . The greatest distance between two points is 968.0 km ( 601 + 1 ⁄ 2 mi) (between Land's End , Cornwall and John o' Groats , Caithness ), 838 miles (1,349 km) by road. The English Channel is thought to have been created between 450,000 and 180,000 years ago by two catastrophic glacial lake outburst floods caused by
7990-516: The work of Greek explorer Pytheas of Massalia , who travelled from his home in Hellenistic southern Gaul to Britain in the 4th century BC. The term used by Pytheas may derive from a Celtic word meaning "the painted ones" or "the tattooed folk" in reference to body decorations . According to Strabo, Pytheas referred to Britain as Bretannikē , which is treated a feminine noun. Marcian of Heraclea , in his Periplus maris exteri , described
8084-574: The Πρεττανοί, Priteni or Pretani . Priteni is the source of the Welsh language term Prydain , Britain , which has the same source as the Goidelic term Cruithne used to refer to the early Brythonic -speaking inhabitants of Ireland. The latter were later called Picts or Caledonians by the Romans . Greek historians Diodorus of Sicily and Strabo preserved variants of Prettanike from
8178-481: Was conquered by the Normans , who introduced a Norman -speaking administration that was eventually assimilated. Wales came under Anglo-Norman control in 1282, and was officially annexed to England in the 16th century. On 20 October 1604 King James , who had succeeded separately to the two thrones of England and Scotland, proclaimed himself "King of Great Brittaine, France , and Ireland". When James died in 1625 and
8272-473: Was Albion; but at a later period, all the islands, of which we shall just now briefly make mention, were included under the name of 'Britanniæ.'" The name Britain descends from the Latin name for Britain, Britannia or Brittānia , the land of the Britons. Old French Bretaigne (whence also Modern French Bretagne ) and Middle English Bretayne , Breteyne . The French form replaced
8366-572: Was an ancient Greek transliteration of the original Proto-Celtic term in a work on the travels and discoveries of Pytheas that has not survived. The earliest existing records of the word are quotations of the periplus by later authors, such as those within Strabo's Geographica , Pliny's Natural History and Diodorus of Sicily's Bibliotheca historica . Pliny the Elder (AD 23–79) in his Natural History records of Great Britain: "Its former name
8460-564: Was believed to be the world's oldest columnist; her column ceased with her death in 2008 at the age of 101. In 2008, journalist Paul Keilthy was nominated in both the Reporter Of The Year and Feature Writer Of The Year categories at the Press Gazette awards. Richard Osley was also shortlisted for Feature Writer Of The Year. Journalists Dan Carrier and Simon Wroe were nominated in 2009 for the same award. William McLennan
8554-510: Was inhabited by hunter gatherers. Neolithic farmers , of Anatolian origin, arrived in Britain around 4000 BC, replacing the pre-existing hunter gatherers. Around 2000 BC, the Bronze Age Bell Beaker Culture arrived in Britain, which genetic evidence suggests was associated with another episode of nearly complete population replacement. Later significant migration to southern Britain around 1000 BC may have brought
8648-577: Was launched by Eric Ephraim Gordon in March 1982. Gordon was born on 28 May 1931 and grew up in Wythenshawe , Greater Manchester , where his parents, Samuel and Sarah Gordon, ran a newspaper shop. He had a brother, Jeffrey, and sister, Anita. Gordon's grandparents, Philip (a tailor) and Leah Gordon, emigrated to the United Kingdom in the 1880s from Eastern Europe . Gordon, who was Jewish , subsequently moved to Cheetham , north Manchester where he attended
8742-647: Was named weekly reporter of the year at the Regional Press Awards 2018. The newspaper was nominated for Newspaper Of The Year for regional newspapers with high circulations. It was named Free Newspaper of The Year at Press Gazette ' s national industry awards in 2001, 2003, 2005, 2010, 2018, 2019 and 2021. It was nominated in 2002, 2004 and 2020. In 2020, the award went to sister title the Islington Tribune . 1982 – 2021: Eric Gordon 2021 – present: Richard Osley The Camden New Journal
8836-630: Was written exclusively by women. The 'Not Just One Day' edition, edited by Anna Lamche, had articles written by regular journalists Frankie Lister-Fell, Izzy Rowley and Charlotte Chambers, in addition to contributions from notable women such as Hampstead and Kilburn MP Tulip Siddiq , Liberal Democrat politician Luisa Porritt , author Kathy Lette , Camden Council leader Georgia Gould, journalist Joan Bakewell , author Bonnie Greer , writer Joanna Briscoe and Green Party Co-leader Sian Berry AM . The sports pages, written by Catherine Etoe, covered news from sporting events featuring women. Now part of
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