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51-592: The paper was first printed in 1705 by James Watson printer but only 55 copies were issued. In 1706 it briefly continued under the name "Scots Courant" before becoming dormant. In 1718, the Edinburgh Evening Courant began publication, as an evening newspaper, being first printed by James MacEwan, or McQueen or McEwen on the High street section of the Royal Mile , published three times per week as

102-663: A Whig publication in opposition to the Jacobite paper the Caledonian Mercury . passing to his protege, Alexander Kincaid in 1735. It survived until the Edinburgh Evening News came into existence in 1873. It was founded by James Watson (who had also published the Edinburgh Gazette from 1700) and had its main printing office was at Craigs Close at 170 High Street on the Royal Mile ,

153-605: A green Gown and a Brass Collar about her Neck, on which are engraved these words [“Gustavus Brown in Dalkieth his Negro, 1726.”] Whoever apprehends her, so as she may be recovered, shall have two Guineas Reward, and necessary Charges allowed by Laurence Dinwiddie Junior Merchant in Glasgow, or by James Mitchelson Jeweller in Edinburgh. Daniel Defoe , author of the 1719 novel Robinson Crusoe , and then based at Moubray House ,

204-474: A mile) from Lothian Road in the west, to Leith Street in the east. The street has few buildings on the south side and looks over Princes Street Gardens allowing panoramic views of the Old Town , Edinburgh Castle , as well as the valley between. Most of the street is limited to trams , buses and taxis with only the east end open to all traffic. The street lies on the line of a medieval country lane known as

255-632: A museum of social history called The People's Story ), the Kirk of the Canongate (the Canongate's parish church and a thriving congregation of the Church of Scotland) and the new Scottish Parliament Building to Holyrood Palace and the ruined abbey. Until 1856 the Canongate was not merely a street, but the name of the surrounding burgh, separate from Edinburgh and outside the Flodden Wall. This street

306-479: A very mixed character. The Abercrombie Plan of 1949 proposed tighter control of design to create a more coherent appearance. This theme was taken up by the Princes Street Panel, whose 1967 report proposed comprehensive redevelopment with Modernist buildings to incorporate a first-floor level walkway, theoretically doubling the shopping frontage. The plan was partially put into operation, resulting in

357-727: Is a modern extension to John Knox House, owned by the Church of Scotland. It opened in 2006, replacing the former Netherbow Arts Centre, which itself replaced the Moray-Knox Church in the 1960s. Following the English victory over the Scots at the Battle of Flodden in 1513, a city wall was built around Edinburgh known as the Flodden Wall , some parts of which survive. The Netherbow Port was a gateway in this wall and brass studs in

408-635: Is a succession of streets forming the main thoroughfare of the Old Town of the city of Edinburgh in Scotland . The term was first used descriptively in W. M. Gilbert's Edinburgh in the Nineteenth Century (1901), describing the city "with its Castle and Palace and the royal mile between", and was further popularised as the title of a guidebook by R. T. Skinner published in 1920, " The Royal Mile (Edinburgh) Castle to Holyrood(house) ". The Royal Mile runs between two significant locations in

459-801: Is the former railway hotel, previously known as the North British Hotel , latterly renamed the Balmoral Hotel , and the North Bridge which sails at high level over the station. The hotel has a counterpart at the extreme west end of Princes Street. The Caledonian Hotel, now the Waldorf Astoria Edinburgh - The Caledonian , sits at the north end of Lothian Road. This was built by the Caledonian Railway for their Princes Street Station which closed in

510-541: Is the short approach to the Palace of Holyroodhouse at the foot of the Canongate. One of the buildings On the north side, the building to the east was the house of Lucky Spence, a notorious brothel madam, remembered in Allan Ramsay 's poem, Lucky Spence's Last Advice . The building to the west was described as a new "Great Mansion" in 1570. Renaissance painted ceilings were salvaged from the building in 1967. Some of

561-583: Is the venue of the annual Edinburgh Military Tattoo at which time specially designed temporary grandstands are erected. From the Castle Esplanade, the first building on the right is Cannonball House which has a cannonball lodged in the wall facing the Esplanade, often said to have been accidentally fired from the Castle but which actually marks the elevation of Comiston Springs, three miles to

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612-598: The Bank of Scotland . On the south-west corner of this intersection, with its entrance on George IV Bridge, is the Hotel Missoni, replacing the former Lothian Regional Council offices. This building is of controversial design, winning a Scottish Civic Trust award and a 2010 RIBA award, but also being nominated for (but not winning) the Carbuncle Cup in 2009. Between Bank Street and St Giles Street, marking

663-638: The Church of Scotland and New College are further down on the same side. The Scottish Parliament met in the Assembly Hall between 1999 and 2004. The Lawnmarket is a separately named part of the High Street. Addresses are a continuation of the High Street numbers. It runs from the West Bow to St Giles Street. A charter of 1477 designated this part of the High Street as the market-place for what

714-666: The National Gallery of Scotland , are located at the foot of The Mound and are served by Princes Street tram stop . Further along is the Scott Monument , a huge intricate Gothic monument dedicated to Sir Walter Scott , the author of the Waverley Novels , after which is named Waverley station , which lies at the east end of the Gardens, its westward lines dividing them. Next to the station on its north side

765-626: The Royal Bank of Scotland was the only business to maintain a frontage at this level for any length of time; that branch of the bank closed early in the 21st century, leaving the upper walkway largely forgotten. Princes Street was the scene of rioting in 2005 related to the 31st G8 summit referred to in the press as "The Battle of Princes Street". Several UK well-known high street brands such as Boots , H&M , and Marks & Spencer , are located on Princes Street. A couple of new hotels are destined to open on Princes Street in 2022, including

816-458: The burgh . The prison was described by Sir Walter Scott as the "Heart of Midlothian", and soon after demolition the city fathers marked the site with a heart mosaic. Locals have traditionally spat upon the heart's centre as a sign of contempt for the prison. On the north side, opposite St Giles', stand Edinburgh City Chambers , where the City of Edinburgh Council meets. On the south side, just past

867-405: The 1960s along with the lines it served. At the west end of Princes Street, St John's Episcopal Church at the corner of Lothian Road is built at street level above a basement crypt and a small churchyard. In addition, there are several fair trade outlets in this space as part of the church, whilst St Cuthbert's Church stands just to the south of it, in a far larger and older churchyard, west of

918-474: The 19th century most buildings were redeveloped at a larger scale and the street evolved from residential to mainly retail uses. From the 1880s the street, with its commanding views in combination with great ease of access, became a popular street upon which to locate hotels. The railway companies created huge anchor hotels at either end: the Caledonian Hotel to the west, and North British Hotel to

969-693: The Bridges. North Bridge runs north over Waverley station to the New Town's Princes Street. South Bridge (which appears at street level to be simply a road with shops on either side—only one arch is visible from below) spans the Cowgate to the south, a street in a hollow below, and continues as Nicolson Street past the Old College building of the University of Edinburgh . At John Knox's House

1020-582: The First New Town. These were devised by the architect James Craig and building began around 1770. Princes Street represented a critical part of the plan, being the outer edge, facing Edinburgh Castle and the original city, Edinburgh Old Town . Originally all buildings had the same format: set back from the street with stairs down to a basement and stairs up to the ground floor with two storeys and an attic above. Of this original format only one such property, no.95, remains in its original form. Through

1071-705: The High Kirk, is the Mercat Cross from which royal proclamations are read and the summoning of Parliament announced. The whole south side of buildings from St Giles to the Tron Kirk had to be rebuilt or refaced in the 1820s following the Great Edinburgh Fire of 1824. This was done in a Georgian style, stepping down the hill. The central focus of the Royal Mile is a major intersection with

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1122-537: The High Street narrows to a section of the street formerly known as the Netherbow, which, at its crossroads with Jeffrey Street (north) and St Mary's Street (south), marked the former city boundary. At this point stood the Netherbow Port , a fortified gateway between Edinburgh and the Canongate (until 1856 a separate burgh), which was removed in 1764 to improve traffic flow. The Scottish Storytelling Centre

1173-594: The Lang Dykes and under the first plan for the New Town was to have been called St Giles Street after the patron saint of Edinburgh. However, when King George III was shown a print or drawing of the proposed New Town by Sir John Pringle , he objected to the name as he associated it with the notorious slum area of St Giles, London . At Pringle's suggestion, the street was instead named Prince's Street after King George's eldest son, Prince George, Duke of Rothesay (later King George IV ) as recounted in his 1767 letter to

1224-468: The Lord Provost of Edinburgh. By the late 1830s the apostrophe in the name (which had also sometimes been written as Princes' Street) had largely fallen out of use, giving the street its present day name of Princes Street. The apparent plurality in the name has given rise to various erroneous explanations of the name. It was laid out according to formal plans for Edinburgh's New Town , now known as

1275-727: The Old Town, rivalled only by Princes Street in the New Town . The Royal Mile contains a variety of shops, restaurants, public houses, and visitor attractions. During the annual Edinburgh Fringe , the High Street becomes crowded with tourists, entertainers, and buskers . Parliament Square is at the heart of Scotland's legal system, being the home of both the High Court of Justiciary and the Court of Session. Retreating ice sheets, many millennia ago, deposited their glacial debris behind

1326-554: The Red Carnation Hotel at 100 Princes Street. On 25 January 2021, it was announced that Jenners department store , which has been located on Princes Street since Victorian times, was to close on May 3, 2021, in preparation for a three-year-long redevelopment. Also on 25 January, it was announced that Debenhams 's department store on Princes Street would also close in May 2021. It was also announced on 25 January, that

1377-602: The Tron and on the Royal Mile include the Entry of Mary, Queen of Scots (1561), the Entry of James VI (1579), and the Entry of Anne of Denmark (1590). In July 1598, scholars from Edinburgh High School put on a satirical play at the Tolbooth. Costumes were made for the characters of a Pope, two Cardinals, and several friars. After the performance the costumes were donated to the poor. Several infamous murders have taken place on

1428-484: The administrator for troubled Arcadia group that own Topman and Topshop (also located on Princes Street) were in talks with online shopping brand ASOS with a view to selling the brands online, leaving the historic Edinburgh street losing recognisable brands, with many now migrating to the newly opened St James Quarter . During the construction of the New Town, the polluted waters of the Nor Loch were drained, and

1479-474: The area was converted into private gardens called Princes Street Gardens . This was taken over by the Edinburgh Council in the late-nineteenth century, by which time most of the street was commercial and there was no great need for private residential gardens. The width of Princes Street was greatly increased soon after, onto what was the northern edge of the gardens. Due to the much lower position of

1530-662: The central section of the Royal Mile: Beyond the crossroads, the Royal Mile continues down the Canongate, meaning literally "the canons' way" when it was used in former times by the Augustinian canons of Holyrood Abbey . The street continues downhill past Moray House (now the main academic offices of Moray House School of Education of the University of Edinburgh), the Canongate Tolbooth (now

1581-611: The demolition of seven old buildings, and the erection of seven new, before the approach was dropped in the 1970s. Two of the new buildings, British Home Stores at number 64, and the New Club at numbers 84–87, are now listed buildings . There has been controversy over buildings from the latter half of the 20th century on Princes Street. This has prompted plans to demolish the BHS and the Marks & Spencer buildings, in an effort to improve

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1632-484: The east. In between were the Royal British Hotel, Old Waverley Hotel , and Mount Royal Hotel, all of which survive. Princes Street was also home to two leading department stores, Jenners founded in 1838 and rebuilt in 1893–1895, and Forsyth's built in 1906–1907, both technically advanced and architecturally ornate buildings for their time. By the 1930s the architecture of Princes Street had

1683-590: The end of the Lawnmarket, the High Court of Justiciary , Scotland's supreme criminal court, is housed in the Justiciary Building . On the south side, about one-third of the way down from the Castle toward the Palace is Parliament Square , named after the old Parliament House which housed both the law courts and the old Parliament of Scotland between the 1630s and 1707 (when its existence

1734-611: The gardens this led to the creation of the steep embankment on the north side, still visible today. The gardens are one of the many green spaces in the heart of Edinburgh. The Gardens contain the Ross Bandstand (an open-air theatre), a war memorial to US soldiers of Scottish descent and a floral clock , together with other attractions. Two of the main Scottish art galleries, the Royal Scottish Academy and

1785-571: The gardens. The floral clock dates from 1903 when it was first planted by the Park Superintendent, John McHattie. It displays a different theme every summer. Princes Street remains popular, although it has now fallen from its status as the most expensive place to rent shop space in the UK outside of London. Princes Street may be one of the few streets in the UK to have an order of Parliament placed on it to prevent any further building on

1836-459: The gatehouse of Holyrood Palace built by Walter Merlioun for James IV , with a carving of the royal coat-of-arms of James V set in the wall. Princes Street Princes Street ( Scottish Gaelic : Sràid nam Prionnsachan ) is one of the major thoroughfares in central Edinburgh , Scotland and the main shopping street in the capital. It is the southernmost street of Edinburgh's New Town , stretching around 1.2 km (three quarters of

1887-476: The hard volcanic plug of the castle rock on which Edinburgh Castle stands, resulting in a distinctive crag and tail formation. Running eastwards from the crag on which the castle sits, the Royal Mile sits upon the ridge of the tail which slopes gently down to Holyrood Palace. Steep closes (or alleyways) run between the many tall lands (or tenement buildings) off the main thoroughfare. The route runs from an elevation of 138 feet (42 m) above sea level at

1938-490: The majority of shops in the street are aimed at tourists. On the north side is the preserved 17th century merchant's townhouse Gladstone's Land owned by the National Trust for Scotland . The lower end of the Lawnmarket is intersected by George IV Bridge on the right (south) and Bank Street on the left (north), leading to The Mound and the New Town. The view down Bank Street is closed by the baroque headquarters of

1989-540: The palace to 358 feet (109 m) at the castle, giving an average gradient of 4.1%. The Castle Esplanade was laid out as a parade ground, in 1753, using spoil from the building of the Royal Exchange (now the City Chambers ). It was formalised in 1816 when it was widened and provided with decorative railings and walls. The Esplanade with its several monuments has been A-listed by Historic Scotland . It

2040-443: The period, the Edinburgh Evening Courant published advertisements offering rewards for the return of runaway slaves that had been brought to Scotland, since slavery was still assumed to be legal on Scottish soil. An advertisement placed in the Edinburgh Evening Courant on 13 February 1727 stated that: Run away on the 7th instant from Dr Gustavus Brown’s Lodgings in Glasgow, a Negro Woman, named Ann, being about 18 Years of Age, with

2091-666: The premises generally being known as the King's Printing House. In 1725, during the time of the Scottish Malt Tax riots , rival political factions used – or at least attempted to use – newspapers including the Edinburgh Evening Courant and the Caledonian Mercury as their "mouthpieces", as a letter from the then book trade apprentice Andrew Millar indicates. Millar was apprenticed to James McEuen, who had been printer, editor, and principal bookseller of The Edinburgh Evening Courant since 1718. Like other Scottish newspapers of

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2142-695: The road mark its former position. On the corner of St Mary's Street is the World's End Pub which takes its name from the adjacent World's End Close, whimsically so named because this was in former times the last close in Edinburgh before entering the Canongate. There was a triumph or show at the Salt Tron and other locations on the Royal Mile to celebrate the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots , and Francis II of France , on 3 July 1558. The wedding itself took place in Paris on 24 April 1558. The Edinburgh entertainment

2193-453: The royal history of Scotland : Edinburgh Castle and the Palace of Holyroodhouse . The name derives from it being the traditional processional route of monarchs, with a total length of approximately one mile. The streets which make up the Royal Mile are (west to east) Castlehill, the Lawnmarket, the High Street, the Canongate and Abbey Strand. The Royal Mile is the busiest tourist street in

2244-614: The south of the Castle, which fed a cistern on Castlehill, one of the first piped water supplies in Scotland. Castlehill is dominated by the former Tolbooth-Highland-St John's Church (on the south side at the foot of this section), now the headquarters of the Edinburgh International Festival society – The Hub , and on the north side by the Outlook Tower and Camera Obscura . The Assembly Hall of

2295-427: The south side, so as to preserve its open vista. Only the eastern third of Princes Street is open to general traffic. The main length is restricted to trams, buses, taxis and cyclists only. Edinburgh Waverley railway station lies at the eastern end of Princes Street. The Princes Street tram stop is an in-road island, situated just west of the Royal Scottish Academy near the foot of the Mound . Princes Street

2346-440: The status of the street. Another problem has been that upper floors are often used for storage, rather than as office, retail or living space. At an early stage in post- World War II designs for the street, a "high level walkway" was planned, as a further shopping frontage for the first floor level, in lieu of the other side of the street. However the walkway as built was never more than a number of isolated balconies and in practice

2397-402: The timbers were felled in the 1560s. During 20th century restorations by the Ministry of Works , other painted beams found at Midhope Castle and Caroline Park were inserted into the buildings. On the south side is the Queen's Gallery , used to exhibit items in the Royal collection, in the shell of the former Holyrood Free Church and Duchess of Gordon's School. There are also the remains of

2448-427: Was called "inland merchandise" – items such as yarn, stockings, coarse cloth and other similar articles. In later years, linen was the main product sold. As a result, it became known as the Land Market which was later corrupted to Lawn Market. Located in a close on the south side, Riddle's Court is the well-preserved 16th-century house of a merchant John MacMorran , who was shot by rioting schoolboys in 1595. Today,

2499-422: Was ended by the Act of Union ). Parliament House now houses the Court of Session , Scotland's supreme civil court . St Giles' Cathedral , the High Kirk of Edinburgh, also stands in Parliament Square. By the West Door of St Giles' is the Heart of Midlothian , a heart-shaped pattern built into the "setted" road, marking the site of the Old Tolbooth , formerly the centre of administration, taxation and justice in

2550-638: Was its editor in the early 18th century. James Hannay , Naval History writer, was its editor from 1860 to 1864. Images of the newspaper for two years (1750 and 1884) have been digitalized and can be viewed through Find my Past and Ancestry.com , respectively with a subscription. Microfiche copies of all surviving copies are available for inspection free of charge at the Edinburgh City Library (by appointment). Royal Mile 55°57′02″N 3°11′08″W  /  55.95056°N 3.18556°W  / 55.95056; -3.18556 The Royal Mile ( Scottish Gaelic : Am Mìle Rìoghail ; Scots : Ryal Mile )

2601-422: Was written and produced by William Lauder and William Adamson. Walter Binning painted the "play cart" for actors portraying the signs of the seven planets and Cupid. Artificial "summer trees" decorated with fruit made from tennis balls covered with gold foil or leaf were placed on four stages. The seven planets had been portrayed in a show in Paris after the wedding. Other 16th-century royal entertainments at

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