Ehrenbach is a village, first mentioned in 1371, that became in 1971 part of Idstein , Hesse, Germany.
24-621: It is located southwest of Idstein in the Ehrenbach valley. The Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes borders it in the south. The highest point is the Scheid mountain (472 m high=, in the north-west. The district road ( Kreisstraße ) K 707 connects Ehrenbach with the B 417 in the south-west and Idstein and the Bundesautobahn 3 in the north-east. Ehrenbach was first mentioned in a document in 1371, as Ernbach. A 1475 document ( Weistum ) of
48-579: A brisk trade, and the numerous Roman finds in "Free Germania" (as far as Jutland and Scandinavia ). Attempts were occasionally also made to settle Roman legions beyond the limes or, more often, to recruit auxiliaries . As a result, the Romanization of the population extended beyond the limes . Interest in the limes as the remains of a site dating to the Roman period was rekindled in Germany at
72-497: A primarily military demarcation line , but rather a monitored economic boundary for the non-Roman lands. The limes , it is argued, was not really suitable for fending off systematic external attacks. Thanks to a skillful economic policy , the Roman Empire extended its influence far to the northeast, beyond the frontier. Evidence of this are the many border crossings which, although guarded by Roman soldiers, would have enabled
96-595: A section that follows the River Main between Großkrotzenburg and Miltenberg . By contrast, elsewhere in Europe, the limes is largely defined by the rivers Rhine ( Lower Germanic Limes ) and Danube ( Danube Limes ). The function of the Roman military frontiers has been increasingly discussed for some time. The latest research tends to view at least the Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes not as
120-638: A vital part of European " Corridor VII ", the inland waterway link from the North Sea to the Black Sea . In a historical and political sense, the Main line is referred to as the northern border of Southern Germany , with its predominantly Catholic population. The river roughly marked the southern border of the North German Federation , established in 1867 under Prussian leadership as
144-591: Is the longest tributary of the Rhine . It rises as the White Main in the Fichtel Mountains of northeastern Bavaria and flows west through central Germany for 525 kilometres (326 mi) to meet the Rhine below Rüsselsheim , Hesse . The cities of Mainz and Wiesbaden are close to the confluence. The largest cities on the Main are Frankfurt am Main , Offenbach am Main and Würzburg . It
168-518: Is the longest river lying entirely in Germany (if the Weser - Werra are considered separate). The Main flows through the north and north-west of the state of Bavaria then across southern Hesse ; against the latter it demarcates a third state, Baden-Württemberg , east and west of Wertheim am Main , the northernmost town of that state. The upper end of its basin opposes that of the Danube where
192-719: The Fichtel Mountains ; it is 41 km (25 mi) long. In its upper and middle section, the Main runs through the valleys of the German Highlands. Its lower section crosses the Lower Main Lowlands ( Hanau-Seligenstadt Basin and northern Upper Rhine Plain ) to Wiesbaden , where it discharges into the Rhine . Major tributaries of the Main are the Regnitz , the Franconian Saale , the Tauber , and
216-601: The Neckar-Odenwald Limes . Local limes commissions were established but were confined to small areas, for example, in the Grand Duchy of Hesse or Grand Duchy of Baden , due to the political situation. Johann Alexander Döderlein was the first person to record the course of the limes in the Eichstätt region. In 1723, he was the first to interpret the meaning of the limes correctly and published
240-928: The Nidda . The name Main originates from Latin Moenis , Moenus or Menus . It is not related to the name of the city Mainz (Latin: Mogontiacum or Moguntiacum ). The Main is navigable for shipping from its mouth at the Rhine close to Mainz for 396 km (246 mi) to Bamberg . Since 1992, the Main has been connected to the Danube via the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal and the highly regulated Altmühl river. The Main has been canalized with 34 large locks (300 × 12 m or 984 × 39 ft) to allow CEMT class V vessels (110 × 11.45 m or 360.9 × 37.6 ft) to navigate
264-631: The Ortsvorsteher [ de ] , according to the Hessische Gemeindeordnung [ de ] . Since 1977, Idstein has been part of the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis . In 2011, the 2011 German census counted 291 inhabitants, 24 of them foreigners (8,2 %), living in 132 households. Ehrenbach features many timber-frame buildings [ de ] . The Türmchen , serving as a Protestant church,
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#1732775421236288-491: The Auroffer Grund named Nassau-Idstein [ de ] as ruler of two Ehrenbach. In 1566, the village had twelve households ( Hausgesess [ de ] ), and in 1609 ten households. In 1971, the independent village decided, together with two other settlements, to become part of Idstein . The Stadtteil became a Ortsbezirk with elected representatives ( Ortsbeirat [ de ] , headed by
312-720: The Commission in 1937. The individual reports went under the title of The Upper Rhaetian Limes of the Roman Empire (ORL), which was published in fifteen volumes, of which seven cover the route of the limes and eight cover the various camps and forts. The documents of the Imperial Limes Commission are now in the custody of the Roman-Germanic Commission of the German Archaeological Institute . The RLK numbered
336-535: The Danube. The Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes is an archaeological site and, since 2005, a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Together with the Lower Germanic Limes it forms part of the Limes Germanicus . The Limes used either a natural boundary such as a river or typically an earth bank and ditch with a wooden palisade and watchtowers at intervals. A system of linked forts was built behind
360-588: The Limes. The term limes (plural: limites ) originally meant "border path" or "swathe" in Latin. In Germany, "Limes" usually refers to the Rhaetian Limes and Upper Germanic Limes, collectively referred to as the Limes Germanicus . Both sections of limes are named after the adjacent Roman provinces of Raetia (Rhaetia) and Germania Superior (Upper Germania). In the Roman limites we have, for
384-404: The direction of the ancient historian, Theodor Mommsen . The work of this commission is considered pioneering for reworking of Roman provincial history. Especially productive were the first ten years of research, which worked out the course of the Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes and named the camps along the border. The research reports on the excavations were published from 1894 to the dissolution of
408-642: The first scholarly treatise about it in 1731. Only after the foundation of the German Empire could archaeologists begin to study more precisely the route of the limes , about which there had previously only been a rudimentary knowledge. As a result, they were able to make the first systematic excavations in the second half of the 19th century. In 1892, the Imperial Limes Commission (RLK) was established for this purpose in Berlin , under
432-552: The first time in European history, clearly defined territorial borders of a sovereign state that were visible on the ground to friend and foe alike. Most of the Upper German-Rhaetian Limes did not follow rivers or mountain ranges, which would have formed natural boundaries for the Roman Empire. It includes the longest land border in the European section of the limes , interrupted for only a few kilometres, by
456-661: The river is rather narrow on many of the upper reaches, navigation with larger vessels and push convoys requires great skill. The largest cities along the Main are Frankfurt am Main , Offenbach am Main and Würzburg . The Main also passes the following towns: Burgkunstadt , Lichtenfels , Bad Staffelstein , Eltmann , Haßfurt , Schweinfurt , Volkach , Kitzingen , Marktbreit , Ochsenfurt , Karlstadt , Gemünden , Lohr , Marktheidenfeld , Wertheim , Miltenberg , Obernburg , Erlenbach/Main , Aschaffenburg , Seligenstadt , Hainburg , Hanau , Hattersheim , Flörsheim , and Rüsselsheim . The river has gained enormous importance as
480-524: The sections of the route, the forts and the watchtowers (Wp) on the individual sections. In the course of this work the 550-kilometre-long route of the limes was surveyed, divided into sections and described. This division followed the administrative boundaries in 19th-century Germany and not that of ancient Rome: Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes in general Sections River Main The Main ( German pronunciation: [ˈmaɪn] )
504-570: The time of the Renaissance and Renaissance humanism . This was bolstered by the rediscovery of the Germania and Annales of Tacitus in monastic libraries in the 15th and early 16th centuries. Scholars like Simon Studion (1543-1605) researched inscriptions and discovered forts. Studion led archaeological excavations of the Roman camp of Benningen am Neckar on the Neckar section of
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#1732775421236528-543: The total length of the river. The 16 locks in the adjacent Rhine-Main-Danube Canal and the Danube itself are of the same dimensions. There are 34 weirs and locks along the 380 km navigable portion of the Main, from the confluence with the Regnitz near Bamberg, to the Rhine. Most of the weirs or dams along the Main also have turbines for power generation. Tributaries from source to mouth: Left Right Around Frankfurt are several large inland ports. Because
552-710: The watershed is recognised by natural biologists, sea salinity studies (and hydrology science more broadly) as the European Watershed . The Main begins near Kulmbach in Franconia at the joining of its two headstreams, the Red Main ( Roter Main ) and the White Main ( Weißer Main ). The Red Main originates in the Franconian Jura mountain range, 50 km (31 mi) in length, and runs through Creussen and Bayreuth . The White Main originates in
576-646: Was restored in 2020. A reconstructed Roman watch tower is part of the Kastell Zugmantel complex of the Limes World Heritage Site . Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes The Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes ( German : Obergermanisch-Raetischer Limes ), or ORL , is a 550-kilometre-long section of the former external frontier of the Roman Empire between the rivers Rhine and Danube . It runs from Rheinbrohl to Eining on
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