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26-643: El Seibo was founded in 1502 by Juan de Esquivel , a notable a Spanish conquistadir. The name of Santa Cruz de El Seibo, is taken from the Spanish custom of placing the Cross of Christ at the cardinal points, as protection against evils. A cross called Asomante is still preserved, in the West Sector of the city of El Seibo. The name of Seibo comes from a tribal chief of the Taíno race, who was called Seebo. This Seebo

52-652: A controller of customs in Seville. Juan de Esquivel accompanied Christopher Columbus in 1493 on his second voyage to the West Indies where he settled on Hispaniola . In 1502 the governor of the Indies, Nicolás de Ovando , sent Esquivel with 400 men to subjugate the Tainos on the eastern end of the island. The region was depopulated and many of the defeated natives were made slaves. As a young man, Bartolomé de las Casas

78-724: Is now the Dominican Republic . In 1511 as Viceroy of the Indies, Diego Columbus commissioned Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar to go on an expedition from Santo Domingo to the newly acquired Spanish island of Cuba. According to Floyd, Diego "...was accompanied by a splendid entourage: his wife, Doña Maria, the first gran dama of the New World, the Duke of Alba's niece, with her own suite of doncellas ; and his immediate relatives - Fernando his half-brother, his two uncles, Diego and Bartolomé , and his cousins, Andrea and Giovanni. Also on

104-575: Is today kilometer 3.5 of the El Seibo-Hato Mayor highway, on November 7, 1808, the troops of Napoleon Bonaparte, French Emperor, and an army of Creoles under the command of General Juan Sánchez Ramírez . In the 2020 elections, one senator and three deputies were elected for the province. The senator is Santiago José Zorrilla from the Modern Revolutionary Party (PRM). The deputies are Kenia Milagros Mejía Mercedes of

130-527: The Dominican Liberation Party (PLD), Juan Maldonado Castro (PRD), and Juan Roberto Rodríguez Hernández (PRD). The province as of June 20, 2006 is divided into the following municipalities ( municipios ) and municipal districts ( distrito municipal - M.D.) within them: The following is a sortable table of the municipalities and municipal districts with population figures as of the 2014 estimate. Urban population are those living in

156-580: The Orinoco in 1499, he called it the Dulce River, which means sweet river in Spanish. Diego Columbus Diego Columbus ( Portuguese : Diogo Colombo ; Spanish : Diego Colón ; Italian : Diego Colombo ; 1479/1480 – February 23, 1526) was a navigator and explorer under the Kings of Castile and Aragón. He served as the 2nd Admiral of the Indies, 2nd Viceroy of the Indies and 4th Governor of

182-512: The 2nd Duke of Alba , who was the cousin of King Ferdinand . Diego was made a page at the Spanish court in 1492, the year his father embarked on his first voyage . Diego had a younger half-brother, Fernando , by Beatriz Enríquez de Arana. Diego Columbus was taught by Christopher Columbus's mistress, Beatriz De Arana, until he transferred to the Franciscan monastery of La Rabida, at

208-618: The Dominican Republic . For comparison with the municipalities and municipal districts of other provinces see the list of municipalities and municipal districts of the Dominican Republic . Juan de Esquivel Juan de Esquivel (c. 1480 – c. 1513) was a Spanish colonist and first governor of the Colony of Santiago , now Jamaica . Juan de Esquivel was a native of Seville, the son of Pedro de Esquivel and Constanza Fernandez de Arauz. His grandfather, Gabriel Sánchez, had been

234-636: The Indies as a vassal to the Kings of Castile and Aragón. He was the eldest son of Christopher Columbus and his wife Filipa Moniz Perestrelo . He was born in Portugal , either in Porto Santo in 1479/1480, or in Lisbon in 1474. He spent most of his adult life trying to regain the titles and privileges granted to his father for his explorations and then denied in 1500. He was greatly aided in this goal by his marriage to María de Toledo y Rojas , niece of

260-607: The case in Espaniola." Without gold, the colony was not as prosperous as hoped and in early 1512 it was even suggested that the colonists relocate to Cuba where Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar was attempting to establish Spanish control of the island. The relocation never took place but Esquivel did send Narváez and thirty crossbowmen to Cuba to assist Velázquez. Ferdinand was unhappy with the leadership in Jamaica. He acknowledged that Colón spoke highly of Esquivel but he suspected that

286-405: The end of 1513, Esquivel was dead and a royal decree granted his widow 300 pesos of gold. In November 1514, Esquivel had been replaced by Francisco de Garay . According to Bryan Edwards, he was "one of the few Castilians...distinguished for generosity and humanity". The Essequibo river was named after Esquivel. When Alonso de Ojeda made the first explorations of the estuary at the mouth of

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312-424: The expedition were his criados and his father's old retainers: Marcos de Aguilar , his forthright alcalde mayor , Diego Mendez, his business manager, and Gerónimo de Agüero, his former tutor. Other loyal Colombistas met him at Santo Domingo - his uncle by marriage, Francisco de Garay , whom he named alguacil mayor , and Bartolomé's criados , Miguel Díaz, Diego Velázquez , and Juan Cerón . His coming represented

338-595: The family was given permission to import three slaves. The island was quickly subjugated and Esquivel founded the towns of Sevilla la Nueva on the north coast and Santa Gloria. No gold was discovered on Jamaica but the soil was fertile and the Spaniards were instructed to use native labor to grow food crops for the mainland and the other islands. King Ferdinand instructed Colón to treat the Jamaican natives with care so that "they may increase and not diminish as has been

364-590: The island of Jamaica as a fief , an estate of 25 square leagues on the Isthmus of Panama , then called Veragua , and the titles of Duke of Veragua and Marquess of Jamaica. After Columbus's death on February 23, 1526, in Spain, the rents , offices and titles in the New World went into dispute by his descendants. He initially planned to marry Mencia de Guzman, daughter of the Duke of Medina Sidonia ., but he

390-456: The lack of gold was the result of some sort of fraud. He also complained that Esquivel had failed "in the conversion of the Indians and pacification of the island as well as in the increase of our royal revenues." He ordered that a residencia (audit) be taken for Esquivel's term in office, an action that typically coincided with an official's dismissal. The subsequent timing is not clear but by

416-552: The loss of the king's confidence. That loss, plus Diego's defiance of royal power on Cuba, forced Charles to reprimand Diego in 1523 and recall him back to Spain. The first major slave rebellion in the Americas occurred in Santo Domingo on 26 December 1522, when enslaved Jolof laborers working on Diego's sugar plantation started a revolt . During the rebellion, many formerly enslaved insurgents managed to escape into

442-634: The midst of a native revolt against Spanish rule in the area of the Franciscan missions on the Cumana River , which was the site of Spanish slave raids , alongside the salt and pearl trades. Diego sent Gonzalo de Ocampo on a punitive expedition with 200 men and 6 ships. Then in 1521, Diego invested in Bartolomé de las Casas ' enterprise to settle the Cumana area. That failure, blamed on Diego, meant

468-457: The mountainous interior of the colony, where they established independent maroon communities amongst the surviving Taíno . However, a lot of rebels were captured, and the Admiral had them hanged. After his death, a compromise was reached in 1536 in which his son, Luis Colón de Toledo , was named Admiral of the Indies and renounced all other rights for a perpetual annuity of 10,000 ducats ,

494-513: The output and put an end to the royal monopoly on trade with the islands. After Columbus died in 1506, his son Diego Colón established his claim as hereditary viceroy of lands discovered by his father. Colón returned to Hispaniola in 1509 and learned that Jamaica had been partitioned between two Spaniards unfriendly to his regime. He sent Esquivel to subdue the island with seventy men. Pánfilo de Narváez served as second-in-command. Esquivel apparently brought along his wife and daughters; in 1513

520-494: The permanent establishment of the most titled and notable family in the islands, at least for many years." In 1511, a royal council declared Hispaniola , Puerto Rico, Jamaica and Cuba under Diego's power "by right of his father." However, Uraba and Veragua were deemed excluded, since the council regarded them as being discovered by Rodrigo de Bastidas . The council further confirmed Diego's titles of Viceroy and admiral were hereditary, though honorific. Furthermore, Diego had

546-418: The region was pacified in 1505, Esquivel founded a fortress and the town of Salvaleón de Higüey in 1506. Around 1504 Esquivel was named a procurador (legal representative) for the towns of Hispaniola and sent to Spain to request relief from the heavy tax on gold mining as well as better terms on trade of imported goods. The king agreed to reduce the royal tax on gold production from one-third to one-fifth of

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572-414: The right to one-tenth of the net royal income. However, factions soon formed between those loyal to Diego and Ferdinand's royal officials. Matters deteriorated to the point that Ferdinand recalled Diego in 1514. Diego then spent the next five years in Spain "futilely pressing his claims." Finally, in 1520, Diego's powers were restored by Charles . Diego returned to Santo Domingo on 12 November 1520 in

598-442: The seats ( cabeceras , literally heads) of municipalities or of municipal districts. Rural population are those living in the districts ( secciones , literally sections) and neighborhoods ( Pparajes , literally places) outside them. The population figures are from the 2014 population estimate. For comparison with the municipalities and municipal districts of other provinces see the list of municipalities and municipal districts of

624-622: The urging of Father Juan Perez and friar Horacio Crassocius, prominent Franciscans and occasional priests to his father. Ferdinand and Diego had been pages to Prince Don Juan , then became pages to Queen Isabella in 1497. In August 1508, he was named Governor of the Indies , the post his father had held, arriving in Santo Domingo in July 1509. He established his home (the Alcázar de Colón ), which still stands in Santo Domingo, in what

650-733: Was a regional leader, and subject to the provisions of the Chiefdom de Higuey: Cayacoha. By 1504, the Spaniards Juan Briceño and Francisco Almenara appear as residents of the area, paying the fifth to the Real Caja del Rey. A relevant event for the achievement of Spanish interests occurred in Hidalga Villa de Santa Cruz de Hicayagua, at the time of the reconquest: the Battle of Palo Hincado . This battle took place in what

676-408: Was part of the Spanish force and later wrote about the violence he witnessed. Las Casas claimed that Esquivel led a second expedition against the Tainos, wiping out the population and taking thousands as prisoners in 1504, but Esquivel had returned to Spain during this period. Among the prisoners taken was the cacique Cotubanamá who was taken to the city of Santo Domingo , where he was hanged. Once

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