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59-599: (Redirected from Es Safa ) Al-Shafa (Arabic: الصفا Aṣ-Ṣafā) may refer to: Al-Safa and Al-Marwah , two small hills in Saudi Arabia Al-Safa (Syria) , a hilly region in southern Syria Al-Safa' SC , a Lebanese sports club based in Beirut See also [ edit ] Safa (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

118-649: A messenger suggest a potential connection. This exposure to Zoroastrian angelology during the exile period may have played a part in shaping Gabriel's prominent role as a divine messenger in Judaism. In the Hebrew Bible, Gabriel appears to the prophet Daniel to explain his visions ( Daniel 8 :15–26, 9 :21–27). Later, in Daniel's final vision , an angel, not named but likely Gabriel again, appears to him and speaks of receiving help from prince Michael in battle against

177-601: A series of blasts ( Revelation 8 – 11 ); or simply "a trumpet will sound" ( I Corinthians 15:52). Likewise the early Christian Church Fathers do not mention Gabriel as a trumpeter; and in Jewish and Muslim traditions, Gabriel is again not identified as a trumpeter. The earliest known identification of Gabriel as a trumpeter comes from the Hymn of the Armenian Saint Nerses Shnorhali, "for Protection in

236-470: A sign of the pre-Islamic period of ignorance ( jahiliyyah ). It is in this context that Verse 158 of Surah 2 was revealed ( Sahih Bukhari , Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 22/23). In another narration by Abdullah Yusuf Ali in his commentary on Verse 2:158, he argues that the verse had been revealed because the pagans of Quraysh had placed two idols atop the two hills and the Muslims felt hesitant to walk between

295-569: A son in her old age: and this is the sixth month with her, who was called barren. 37 For with God nothing shall be impossible. 38 And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her. Gabriel only appears by name in those two passages in Luke. In the first passage the angel identified himself as Gabriel, but in the second it is Luke who identified him as Gabriel. The only other named angels in

354-534: A source published in 1856 has the feast celebrated on 7 April for unknown reasons (a parenthetical note states that the day is normally celebrated on 18 March). Writer Elizabeth Drayson mentions the feast being celebrated on 18 March 1588 in her 2013 book "The Lead Books of Granada". One of the oldest out-of-print sources placing the feast on 18 March, first published in 1608, is Flos sanctorum: historia general de la vida y hechos de Jesu-Christo ... y de los santos de que reza y haze fiesta la Iglesia Catholica ... by

413-512: A trumpet blast to announce the resurrection of the dead at the end of time. However, though the Bible mentions a trumpet blast preceding the resurrection of the dead, it never specifies Gabriel as the trumpeter. Different passages state different things: the angels of the Son of Man ( Matthew 24 :31); the voice of the Son of God ( John 5 :25–29); God's trumpet ( I Thessalonians 4:16); seven angels sounding

472-545: Is compiled by al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi , Gabriel has the ability to regulate feeling or perception in humans, particularly happiness or sadness. Gabriel is believed to have helped Muhammad overcome his adversaries significantly against an ifrit during the Night Journey . Gabriel is also believed to have helped Muhammad overcome his adversaries during the Battle of Badr , where according to scholars and clerics of Islam,

531-459: Is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John. 14 And thou shalt have joy and gladness; and many shall rejoice at his birth. 15 For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall drink neither wine nor strong drink; and he shall be filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother's womb. 16 And many of the children of Israel shall he turn to

590-507: Is not to be prayed to because only God can answer prayers and sends Gabriel as his agent. According to Jewish mythology , in the Garden of Eden there is a tree of life or the "tree of souls" that blossoms and produces new souls, which fall into the Guf , the treasury of souls. Gabriel reaches into the treasury and takes out the first soul that comes into his hand. In Islam, the tree of souls

649-459: Is over Paradise and the serpents and the Cherubim". ( 1 Enoch 20:7 ) When Enoch asked who the four figures were that he had seen: And he said to me: 'This first is Michael, the merciful and long-suffering: and the second, who is set over all the diseases and all the wounds of the children of men, is Raphael: and the third, who is set over all the powers, is Gabriel: and the fourth, who is set over

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708-637: Is phonetically identical to Safa . Performing the Sa'ee serves to commemorate Hajar's search for water for her son and God's mercy in answering prayers. Two walkways guide pilgrims from Safa to Marwa, and from Marwa to Safa, with two narrower walkways in the center to serve elderly and disabled pilgrims. The walkways between the two mountains are collectively called the Mas'aa ( Arabic : المسعى , romanized :  al-Mas'aa , lit.   'way, place of walking') and are air-conditioned. Water pumped from

767-639: Is referred to as the Sidrat al-Muntaha (and is identified as a Ziziphus spina-christi ). Gabriel's first appearance in the New Testament concerns the annunciation of the birth of John the Baptist . John's father Zachariah , a priest of the course of Abia, ( Luke 1:5–7 ) was childless because his wife Elisabeth was barren. An angel appears to Zacharias while he is ministering in the Temple to announce

826-604: Is the beginning of the Sa'ee. As for Marwa, it is also a small mountain of white stone, located 300 m (980 ft) to the northeast of the Ka'bah and it is connected to Qaiqan Mountain, marking the end of the Sa'ee. Safa, Marwah and the Masa'a (space between the two mountains) were located outside the Masjid al-Haram and were separate until the year 1955/56 (1375 AH), when the project to annex

885-629: The Al-Alaq , the 96th chapter of the Quran, are believed by Muslims to have been the first verses revealed by Gabriel to Muhammad . The name Gabriel ( Hebrew: גַּבְרִיאֵל, Gaḇrīʾēl ) is composed of the first person singular possessive form of the Hebrew noun gever (גֶּבֶר), meaning "man", and ʾĒl , meaning "God". This would make the translation of the archangel's name "man of God". Proclus of Constantinople , in his famous Homily 1, stated that

944-672: The Battle of Uhud , that later being confirmed by Muhammad those two unidentified warriors were Jibril and Mikail in disguise. Moreover, he is believed to have further encouraged Muhammad to wage war and attack the Jewish tribe of Banu Qurayza . Another appearance of Gabriel in Islamic religious texts were found in numerous Hadiths during the Battle of Hunayn , where the Gabriel stood next to Muhammad. Other Islamic texts and some Apocryphal literature also supported Gabriel's role as

1003-610: The New Testament , the Quran and the Kitáb-i-Aqdas . Many Christian traditions – including Eastern Orthodoxy , Catholicism , Lutheranism , and Anglicanism  – revere Gabriel as a saint . In the Hebrew Bible, Gabriel appears to the prophet Daniel to explain his visions ( Daniel 8 :15–26, 9 :21–27). The archangel also appears in the Book of Enoch and other ancient Jewish writings not preserved in Hebrew. Alongside

1062-693: The Spanish writer Alonso de Villegas ; a newer edition of this book was published in 1794. Another source published in Ireland in 1886 the Irish Ecclesiastical Record also mentions 18 March. The feast of Saint Gabriel was included by Pope Benedict XV in the General Roman Calendar in 1921, for celebration on 24 March. In 1969, the day was officially transferred to 29 September for celebration in conjunction with

1121-558: The "man in linen" mentioned in the Book of Daniel and the Book of Ezekiel . Talmudic Judaism understands the angel in the Book of Ezekiel, who was sent to destroy Jerusalem , to be Gabriel. According to the Jewish Encyclopedia , Gabriel takes the form of a man, and stands at the left hand of God. Shimon ben Lakish ( Syria Palaestina , 3rd century) concluded that the angelic names of Michael, Raphael, and Gabriel came out of

1180-558: The Babylonian exile (Gen. Rab. 48:9). Alongside the archangel Michael, Gabriel is described as the guardian angel of Israel, defending this people against the angels of the other nations. In Kabbalah , Gabriel is identified with the sefira of Yesod . Gabriel also has a prominent role as one of God's archangels in the Kabbalah literature. There, Gabriel is portrayed as working in concert with Michael as part of God's court. Gabriel

1239-805: The Ethiopian calendar), with a sizeable number of its believers making a pilgrimage to a church dedicated to "Saint Gabriel" in Kulubi and Wonkshet on that day. In the Lutheran Churches , Gabriel is celebrated on the Feast of the Archangels on 29 September. Additionally, Gabriel is the patron saint of messengers, those who work for broadcasting and telecommunications such as radio and television, postal workers, clerics, diplomats, and stamp collectors. A familiar image of Gabriel has him blowing

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1298-673: The Great Invisible Spirit , Gabriel is a divine being and inhabitant of the Pleroma who existed prior to the Demiurge . In a famous early work, the "four homilies on the Missus Est , Saint Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153 AD) interpreted Gabriel's name as "the strength of God", and his symbolic function in the gospel story as announcement of the strength or virtue of Christ, both as the strength of God incarnate and as

1357-425: The Lord their God. 17 And he shall go before him in the spirit and power of Elias, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just; to make ready a people prepared for the Lord. 18 And Zacharias said unto the angel, Whereby shall I know this? for I am an old man, and my wife well stricken in years. 19 And the angel answering said unto him, I am Gabriel, that stand in

1416-807: The New Testament are Michael the Archangel (in Jude 1:9 ) and Abaddon (in Revelation 9:11 ). Believers are expressly warned not to worship angels in two New Testament passages: Colossians 2:18–19 and Revelation 19:10 . Gabriel is not called an archangel in the canonical Bible . However, the intertestamental period (roughly 200 BC – 50 AD) produced a wealth of literature , much of it having an apocalyptic orientation. The names and ranks of angels and devils were greatly expanded in this literature, and each had particular duties and status before God. This

1475-534: The Night": The sound of Gabriel's trumpet on the last night, make us worthy to hear, and to stand on your right hand among the sheep with lanterns of inextinguishable light; to be like the five wise virgins, so that with the bridegroom in the bride chamber we, his spiritual brides may enter into glory. In 1455, in Armenian art , there is an illustration in an Armenian manuscript showing Gabriel sounding his trumpet as

1534-638: The Zamzam Well is also available on the way. Sa'ee is an integral part and rukn of Hajj and Umrah. Other notes: Jibril In the Abrahamic religions ( Judaism , Christianity , Islam and the Baháʼí Faith ), Gabriel ( / ˈ ɡ eɪ b r i ə l / GAY -bree-əl ) is an archangel with the power to communicate God's will to humanity. He is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible ,

1593-728: The archangel Michael , Gabriel is described as the guardian angel of the people of Israel , defending it against the angels of the other peoples. In the New Testament, the Gospel of Luke relates the Annunciation , in which the angel Gabriel appears to Zechariah foretelling the birth of John the Baptist with the angel Gabriel foretelling the Virgin Mary the birth of Jesus Christ , respectively ( Luke 1:11–38 ). Islam regards Gabriel as an archangel sent by God to various prophets, including Muhammad . The first five verses of

1652-447: The archangel Gabriel in his full angelic splendor only twice, the first time being when he received his first revelation. As the Hebrew Bible portrays Gabriel as a celestial messenger sent to Daniel , and in the New Testament to Mary, mother of Jesus , and Zechariah , Islamic tradition holds that Gabriel was sent to numerous pre-Islamic Biblical prophets with revelation and divine injunctions, including Adam , whom Muslims believe

1711-463: The bastards and the reprobates, and against the children of fornication: and destroy [the children of fornication and] the children of the Watchers from amongst men [and cause them to go forth]: send them one against the other that they may destroy each other in battle: for length of days shall they not have." Gabriel is the fifth of the five angels who keep watch: "Gabriel, one of the holy angels, who

1770-404: The birth of Jesus: 26 And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth, 27 To a virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin's name was Mary. 28 And the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly favoured, the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou among women. 29 And when she saw him, she

1829-432: The birth of his son. When Zachariah questions the angel, the angel gives his name as Gabriel: 10 And the whole multitude of the people were praying without at the time of incense. 11 And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense. 12 And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him. 13 But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer

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1888-569: The bright minister that watch'd, he blew His trumpet, heard in Oreb since perhaps When God descended, and perhaps once more To sound at general doom. (XI.72ff). It is unclear how the Armenian conception inspired Milton and the spirituals, though they presumably have a common source. In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints theology, Gabriel is believed to have lived a mortal life as

1947-656: The dead climb out of their graves. The image of Gabriel's trumpet blast to announce the end of time was taken up in Evangelical Christianity , where it became widespread, notably in Negro spirituals . An earlier example occurs in John Milton 's Paradise Lost (1667): Betwixt these rockie pillars Gabriel sat Chief of the Angelic guards (IV.545f) ... He ended, and the Son gave signal high To

2006-484: The demon prince of Persia (Daniel 10:13, 21) and also Michael's role in times to come (Daniel 12:1). These are the first instances of a named angel in the Bible. Gabriel's main function in Daniel is that of revealer, responsible for interpreting Daniel's visions, a role he continues to have in later traditions. Gabriel, ( Hebrew : גַּבְרִיאֵל , romanized :  Gaḇrīʾēl ) is interpreted by Talmudic rabbis to be

2065-666: The feast of the archangels Ss. Michael and Raphael. The Church of England has also adopted the 29 September date, known as Michaelmas . The Eastern Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic Churches that follow the Byzantine Rite celebrate his feast day ( Synaxis of the Archangel Michael and the Other Bodiless Powers ) on 8 November (for those churches that follow the traditional Julian Calendar , 8 November currently falls on 21 November of

2124-461: The hills, seeing it as idol worship or as an act of shirk . Anas ibn Malik also said that he felt hatred in walking between the two hills as he saw it as a pre-Islamic custom from the jahiliyyah until Allah had revealed Verse 2:158 (Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 2). Aisha confirmed the verse had been revealed with regards to the Ansar, who said it was sinful to walk between the hills as they used to visit

2183-520: The holy scriptures revelation, and Muhammad told the Jews it is revealed by Gabriel who is tasked to it. Muslims also revere Gabriel for several events that predate what they regard as the first revelation narrated in the Quran. Muslims believe that Gabriel was the angel who informed Zechariah of the Nativity of John the Baptist , as well as Mary about the future nativity of Jesus ; and that Gabriel

2242-553: The house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end. 34 Then said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man? 35 And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God. 36 And, behold, thy cousin Elisabeth, she hath also conceived

2301-544: The idol Manat at Qudaid (near Mecca ) in the state of Ihram before going about with the rituals of their pilgrimage in pre-Islamic times. Several similar reasons have been given by multiple scholars of Islam, including al-Suyuti in his Asbab an-Nuzul and George Sale in his Preliminary Discourse to the Quran. Tom Holland and Patricia Crone , both revisionist scholars of early Islamic history , suggest that Islam might not have originated in Mecca, but rather someplace to

2360-561: The meaning of Gabriel's name prefigured that Jesus, whose birth was announced by Gabriel, would be both man and God. After the Jews' exile to Babylon in the 6th century BCE, Jewish beliefs underwent a significant transformation. Exposure to Zoroastrianism , with its intricate angelology and the concept of a cosmic struggle between good and evil, likely influenced this evolution. The striking similarities between "holy immortal" ( Amesha Spentas ) Vohu Manah (or "good mind") and Gabriel's role as

2419-539: The modern Gregorian Calendar , a difference of 13 days). Eastern Orthodox commemorate him, not only on his November feast, but also on two other days: Saint Gabriel the Archangel is commemorated on the vigil of the Feast of the Annunciation by Antiochian Western Rite Vicariate and ROCOR Western Rite . The Coptic Orthodox Church celebrates his feast on 13 Paoni , 22 Koiak and 26 Paoni . The Ethiopian Church celebrates his feast on 18 December (in

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2478-617: The north, possibly in the Levant. Building on this suggestion, but taking it a step further, Paul Ellis suggests that Islam originated in or near Jerusalem . One of the main pieces of evidence for this theory is his claim that the hills referred to as Safa and Marwa in the Qur'an are actually hills in Jerusalem. According to Ellis, Marwa is Mount Moriah and Safa is Mount Scopus . Ellis notes that Josephus referred to Mount Scopus as Sapha , which

2537-515: The presence of God; and am sent to speak unto thee, and to shew thee these glad tidings. 20 And, behold, thou shalt be dumb, and not able to speak, until the day that these things shall be performed, because thou believest not my words, which shall be fulfilled in their season. After completing his required week of ministry, Zacharias returns to his home and his wife Elizabeth conceives. After she has completed five months of her pregnancy ( Luke 1:21–25 ), Gabriel appears again, now to Mary, to announce

2596-609: The primary archangels and as the Angel of Revelation in Islam . He is primarily mentioned in the verses 2:97 , 2:98 and 66:4 of the Quran . However, the Quranic text doesn't refer to him as an angel. In the Quran, the archangel Gabriel appears named in 2:97 and 66:4 , as well as in 2:98 , where he is mentioned along with the archangel Michael . Tafsir (Exegetical Quranic literature) narrates that Muhammad saw

2655-457: The prophet Noah . The two are regarded as the same individual; Noah being his mortal name and Gabriel being his heavenly name. Gabriel ( Arabic : جِبْرِيل , romanized :  Jibrīl ; also Arabic : جبرائيل , romanized :  Jibrāʾīl or Jabrāʾīl , derived from the Hebrew : גַּבְרִיאֵל , romanized :  Gaḇrīʾēl ) in many places in Qur'an, is revered as one of

2714-461: The repentance unto hope of those who inherit eternal life, is named Phanuel.' And these are the four angels of the Lord of Spirits and the four voices I heard in those days. The Christian movement of Gnosticism paid special attention to angels as beings belonging to a pantheon of spiritual forces involved in the creation of the world. According to one ancient Gnostic manuscript , the Holy Book of

2773-432: The scorching heat before returning to her son. Allah then sent Angel Jibril ( Gabriel ) to their aid and a spring of water appeared from the ground. The well was named Zamzam and the journey back and forth Safa and Marwa was made a ritual during Hajj and Umrah. The two mountains are mentioned by name in the Quran 2:158 . The early Ansari Muslims gave up the custom of Sa'ee seeing it as idol worship and shirk and

2832-440: The strength given by God to the timorous people who would bring into the world a fearful and troublesome event. "Therefore it was an opportune choice that designated Gabriel for the work he had to accomplish, or rather, because he was to accomplish it therefore he was called Gabriel." The feast day of Saint Gabriel the Archangel was exclusively celebrated on 18 March according to many sources dating between 1588 and 1921; unusually,

2891-423: The surrounding area. When she saw nothing, she then went to the other hill, Marwah, to look around. While Hagar was on either hillside, she was able to see Ishmael and know he was safe. However, when she was in the valley between the hills she was unable to see her son, and would thus run whilst in the valley and walk at a normal pace when on the hillsides. Hagar traveled back and forth between the hills seven times in

2950-473: The title Al-Safa . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Safa&oldid=904520014 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Al-Safa and Al-Marwah Muslims run between

3009-585: The two mountains, which they believe was made a ritual as a tribute to Hajar 's search of water for her child dying of thirst until she found a water source in the Zamzam Well . The space between the two mountains in which the pilgrims run is called al-Mas'aa . Safa is a small mountain located at the bottom of the Abu Qubais Mountain, about 130 m (430 ft) southeast of the Ka'bah , which

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3068-674: The two sites into the Masjid al-Haram was undertaken for the first time, and they were subsequently annexed. The distance between Safa and Marwa is approximately 450 m (1,480 ft), therefore, seven trips back and forth amount to roughly 3.6 km (2.2 mi). The individual geological history of the two mountains is relatively unknown. Marwa has been described as smoother and lighter in color than Safa, with some even calling it white, such as Majd ad-Din Ferozabadi, az-Zubaidi, al-Fayoumi. al-Alusi further went on to say that Safa's color

3127-407: The valley, which Muslims believe was a command by God. When their provisions were exhausted, Hajar eventually ran out of food and water and could no longer breastfeed Ismail. She thus ran back and forth seven times between Safa and Marwa hoping to find water. To make her search easier and faster, she went alone, leaving the infant on the ground. She first climbed the nearest hill, Safa, to look over

3186-643: The various hadiths, both authentics and inauthentics, has mentioned that Gabriel, Michael , Raphael , and thousands of best angels from third level of heaven, all came to the battle of Badr by impersonating the appearance of Zubayr ibn al-Awwam , a Companions of the Prophet and bodyguard of the prophet. This is deemed as Zubayr personal honor according to Islamic belief. Meanwhile, Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri has recorded in his historiography works of Quran and Hadith revelation in Prophetic biography , that Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas testified he saw two unidentified warriors clad in white had protected Muhammad during

3245-424: Was comparable to a tint of red. Safa and Marwa are a part of the Hejaz mountain range , which run parallel to most of the Saudi coast on the Red Sea . The Hejaz themselves are part of the larger Sarawat range, which is characterized by young and jagged mountains. In Islamic tradition, the civilization of Mecca started after Ibrāhīm ( Abraham ) left his son Ismāʿīl ( Ishmael ) and wife Hājar ( Hagar ) in

3304-402: Was consoled by Gabriel sometime after the Fall , too. He is known by many names in Islam, such as "keeper of holiness". In Hadith traditions, Jibril is said to have six hundred wings. Muslims believe that Gabriel was mainly tasked with transmitting the scriptures from God to the prophets and messengers , as Asbab al-Nuzul or revelation when Muhammad was questioned which angel is revealing

3363-439: Was one of three angels who had earlier informed Abraham of the birth of Isaac ( 51:24–30 ). Gabriel also makes a famous appearance in the Hadith of Gabriel , in which he questions Muhammad on the core tenets of Islam. Gabriel is also believed to have delivered punishment from God to the Sodomites by leveling the entire city of Sodom with a tip of his wing. According to a Hadith narrated by Abu Dharr al-Ghifari , which

3422-437: Was the period when Gabriel was first referred to as an archangel. In 1 Enoch 9 :1–3, Gabriel, along with Michael, Uriel , and Suriel , "saw much blood being shed upon the earth" (9:1) and heard the souls of men cry, "Bring our cause before the Most High" ( 9:3 ). In 1 Enoch 10:1, the reply came from "the Most High, the Holy and Great One" who sent forth agents, including Gabriel— And the Lord said to Gabriel: "Proceed against

3481-448: Was troubled at his saying, and cast in her mind what manner of salutation this should be. 30 And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favour with God. 31 And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS. 32 He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David: 33 And he shall reign over

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