40°42′59.7″N 74°0′14.2″W / 40.716583°N 74.003944°W / 40.716583; -74.003944
142-805: 108 Leonard (formerly known as 346 Broadway , the New York Life Insurance Company Building , and the Clock Tower Building ) is a residential structure in the Tribeca neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City , New York , United States. Built from 1894 to 1898, the building was constructed for the New York Life Insurance Company . Stephen Decatur Hatch created the original plans while McKim, Mead & White oversaw
284-522: A $ 1 million mortgage loan on the building in 1951. The VA office in the building was transferred to Philadelphia the same year. The City Investing Company sold 346 Broadway to New York Equities, a syndicate led by David Rapoport, at the beginning of 1952. At the time, the building was valued at $ 1 million, while the land was worth an additional $ 1.6 million. During this decade, tenants included the Office of Price Stabilization , as well as recruitment offices for
426-530: A Tribeca resident since this period, wrote the 1977 nonfiction book entitled Pioneering in the Urban Wilderness , detailing his experiences renovating lower Manhattan warehouses into residences. Four New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission -designated four historic districts within Tribeca in 1991 and 1992, as well as an extension of one in 2002: Tribeca and Lower Manhattan are patrolled by
568-525: A cellar completely below ground. Mezzanines above the cellar and the 12th story are excluded from the floor count. A two-story penthouse structure was constructed above the 12th story (labeled as floor 14) in the 2010s. The penthouse contains setbacks at both its lower and upper levels. The top of the clock tower is physically equivalent to the 17th story, while the primary roof is 210 ft (64 m) above ground. The basement through 17th story are numbered as floors 1 through 19, respectively; floor number 13
710-592: A closed design competition, hiring five architects and firms ( Stephen Decatur Hatch , McKim, Mead & White , George B. Post , Babb, Cook & Willard , and Daniel Burnham ) to design an annex to the existing building. This annex would be a 12-story structure faced with marble, except on Catherine Lane, where the facade would be made of brick. Each of the competitors would receive $ 500 for participating. New York Life had prioritized "the largest possible income...consistent with proper light and air" extending east to Lafayette Street (then known as Elm Street). Architects at
852-463: A college education or higher. The percentage of Tribeca and Lower Manhattan students excelling in math rose from 61% in 2000 to 80% in 2011, and reading achievement increased from 66% to 68% during the same time period. Tribeca and Lower Manhattan's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is lower than the rest of New York City. In Tribeca and Lower Manhattan, 6% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year , less than
994-528: A development of brick houses that surrounded the park, which would become the model for Gramercy Park . The area was among the first residential neighborhoods developed in New York City beyond the city's colonial boundaries, and remained primarily residential until the 1840s. Several streets in the area are named after Anthony Lispenard Bleecker and the Lispenard family. Beach Street was created in
1136-468: A district that was displaced by the building of the World Trade Center – sporting goods, shoes, and church supplies. By the mid-19th century, the area transformed into a commercial center, with large numbers of store and loft buildings constructed along Broadway in the 1850s and 1860s. Development in the area was further spurred by New York City Subway construction, namely the extension of
1278-470: A dry goods house, which occupied the building on the north side of Leonard Street, was engulfed by flames in its upper floors. Nearly all of its windows were burned but the flames were quickly extinguished. S.B. Chittenden sustained a loss estimated between $ 800,000 and $ 1 million. The business had only a few days prior rejected an offer of $ 100,000 to lease the Appleton Building. The structure was
1420-554: A favorable impression of its operations" in the general public. This had been a trend since 1870, when the Equitable Life Insurance Company completed the first Equitable Life Building in Manhattan's Financial District. Furthermore, life insurance companies of the late 19th and early 20th centuries generally built massive buildings to fit their large clerical and records-keeping staff. After plans for
1562-560: A fictional "Tribeca High School" appears in the Law & Order: Special Victims Unit episode " Granting Immunity ." Local radio station WHTZ 's studio is located here. In the third book of the Witches of East End series, Winds of Salem , the Oracle, an almighty god from Asgard , lives in Tribeca. The Subaru Tribeca , which went into production in 2005, and was discontinued being sold in
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#17327809628421704-401: A group of rooms that originally served as executive offices; Hatch may have designed these rooms. These offices were originally decorated with wooden moldings, a pair of fireplace mantels with garlands, and neoclassical doorways, but these were subsequently modified with linoleum floors and fluorescent lights. The ceilings of these rooms contain caduceus motifs and monograms, similar to those in
1846-549: A hot tub, steam room, and men's and women's locker rooms. The cellar also includes a fitness center, a children's playroom, and a residents' lounge with sitting and pantry areas. The building has two bicycle-storage rooms, with a combined capacity of 76 bikes, as well as two package rooms, one each at the residential lobbies on Leonard Street and Broadway. Underneath the Leonard Street sidewalk are vaults at cellar level, which contain 30 private storage bins for residents. There
1988-466: A layer of concrete. The western section of the original building is supported by built-up groups of columns, while the eastern section contains circular and rectangular cast iron columns. The penthouse contains floor slabs and columns made of cast-in-place concrete . The basement could accommodate a live load of up to 100 pounds per square foot (4.8 kilopascals), while the upper stories could accommodate live loads of 75 psf (3.6 kPa). In addition,
2130-406: A main dining room. On the right (south) side of the hallway was a reception room; a smoking and reading room; and an office and a cashier's room. All were decorated in leather and contained mahogany furnishings. On the left (north) side of the hallway was a main dining room, decorated in a similar style to the other club rooms. A kitchen and some offices were located on the upper story. In the 2010s,
2272-524: A meeting at their Appleton Building offices on September 12, 1855. Its members attended with association Vice President, A.S. Barnes, presiding. C.C. Marsh, an accountant, advertised practice for bookkeeping and mercantile affairs at 348 Broadway in February 1857. Charles B. Norton, a bibliographical agent at the Appleton Building, secured for sale in New York City , fine paper copies of a series of impressions of Raphael cartoons. These were obtained from
2414-491: A modified Ionic order . Recessed within this main entrance is a double-height curved vestibule, which includes two archways with acanthus and scallop decorations. The archways themselves contain cast-bronze window frames above the doors, while the vestibule's ceiling contains a coffered ceiling with an eagle motif at the center. On either side of the entrance are panels with acanthus motifs. The third story contains round-arched windows, separated by lions' heads and garlands ;
2556-404: A narrow massing . The site slopes downward from west to east, so the building is 12 stories tall at its western end and 13 stories tall at its eastern end. Including the clock tower, the building has 15 physical above-ground stories; the top three stories are within the clock tower. There are also two below-ground levels: a basement is at the same height as the ground on Lafayette Street, as well as
2698-447: A pair of 800 lb (360 kg) weights, strikes the bell at every hour. The clock was wound using a small hand crank, and it had to be re-wound every seven days. Until the 2010s, this was one of a few remaining mechanically wound clocks in New York City. As of 2023, the clock was not operational. The original building's structural frame consists of steel beams, which are spanned by flat arches made of terracotta and are covered with
2840-462: A pavilion measuring five bays wide on Lafayette Street and four bays wide on Catherine Lane and Leonard Street. On the eastern elevation, the center bay projects slightly from the facade. At ground level (actually the basement), there is a low archway with two columns on either side. The center windows on the 1st and 2nd stories contain colonnettes , which divide the archways there into three segments. The other bays each contain one round-arched window on
2982-416: A previous structure built in 1870. The eastern section was completed in 1896 as an annex of the previous building, while the western section was built in 1898 to replace the older building entirely. New York Life occupied the rebuilt edifice for three decades, moving to 51 Madison Avenue in 1928, although the firm continued to own the building until 1945. Clothing firms also rented space in the building during
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#17327809628423124-566: A raised basement, occupied the western half of the block. The site was irregularly shaped, with a frontage of about 200 ft (61 m) on Leonard Street and Catherine Lane. Its marble facade included Ionic columns in a manner resembling the Erechtheion in Athens, as well as heavy plate-glass windows. The basement had brick-and-stone walls; the site sloped downward to the east, where the basement contained storefronts. The central portion of
3266-411: A semicircular hall that connects with seven elevator cabs, as well as a doorway at the center, flanked by half-columns and pilasters. The coffered ceiling contains lanterns, which hang from rosettes and illuminate the space in front of each elevator door. The upper level is similar, except that the ceiling has a floral molding instead. Hatch's initial plan for a circular stairway, connecting each floor near
3408-603: Is NewYork-Presbyterian Lower Manhattan Hospital in the Civic Center area. Tribeca is located within two primary ZIP Codes . Most of the neighborhood is covered by 10013, but the southernmost blocks are located in 10007, and the Jacob K. Javits Federal Building is located in 10278. The United States Postal Service operates two post offices near Tribeca: the Federal Plaza Station at 26 Federal Plaza and
3550-400: Is 0.0096 milligrams per cubic metre (9.6 × 10 oz/cu ft), more than the city average. Sixteen percent of Tribeca and Lower Manhattan residents are smokers , which is more than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers. In Tribeca and Lower Manhattan, 4% of residents are obese , 3% are diabetic , and 15% have high blood pressure , the lowest rates in the city—compared to
3692-537: Is a neighborhood in Lower Manhattan in New York City . Its name is a syllabic abbreviation of "Triangle Below Canal Street". The "triangle" (more accurately a quadrilateral ) is bounded by Canal Street , West Street , Broadway , and Chambers Street . By the 2010s, a common marketing tactic was to extend Tribeca's southern boundary to either Vesey or Murray Streets to increase the appeal of property listings. The neighborhood began as farmland, then
3834-460: Is a balustrade with a parapet. The Catherine Lane elevation is mostly clad in gray brick and terracotta, with the exception of the three westernmost and four easternmost bays, which are respectively part of the Broadway and Lafayette Street pavilions. There are two rectangular windows in each bay, except in the end pavilions. As with the Leonard Street elevation, the central three bays project from
3976-428: Is also a parking lot within a portion of the basement. The parking lot includes 29 parking spaces (26 for residents and three for visitors), as well as an access driveway from Leonard Street, which doubles as a heated motor court. A private deck for residents is located at floors 16 and 17, above the lower and upper levels of the penthouse, respectively. The New York Life Insurance Company had been chartered in 1841 and
4118-491: Is an official New York City landmark. The landmark-protected stairway is made of stone and cast-iron. It is to the west of the elevator hall, rising to the 14th story. The staircase contains marble steps, classical decorations, and a metal railing decorated with acanthus and Greek key designs. The walls of the stairway contain marble paneling on the lowest two stories, while those on the other stories are decorated with marble dadoes . The former New York Life banking room, known as
4260-554: Is designed to resemble a portico , with double-height pilasters and freestanding columns topped by an entablature with a balustrade . The portico originally contained six freestanding columns that projected from the facade, but these were removed in 1912 at the request of the government of New York City . Each of the polished-granite pillars weighed over 16 short tons (14 long tons; 15 t) and measured 23 ft (7.0 m) long by 3 ft (0.91 m) across. The capitals of each column are decorated with rosettes and swags in
4402-756: Is higher than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods. Most inhabitants are young to middle-aged adults: half (50%) are between the ages of 25–44, while 14% are between 0–17, and 18% between 45–64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 11% and 7%, respectively. As of 2017, the median household income in Community Districts 1 and 2 was $ 144,878. In 2018, an estimated 9% of Tribeca and Lower Manhattan residents lived in poverty, compared to 14% in all of Manhattan and 20% in all of New York City. One in twenty-five residents (4%) were unemployed, compared to 7% in Manhattan and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or
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4544-441: Is less than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 152 per 100,000 people is lower than that of the city as a whole. The 1st Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 86.3% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct reported 1 murder, 23 rapes, 80 robberies, 61 felony assaults, 85 burglaries, 1,085 grand larcenies, and 21 grand larcenies auto in 2018. Tribeca
4686-420: Is long and narrow, measuring about 400 ft (120 m) wide on both Leonard Street to the north and Catherine Lane to the south. However, it only measures 60 ft (18 m) wide on Broadway and about 83 ft (25 m) wide on Lafayette Street. There are vaults under the sidewalk on Broadway, Catherine Lane, and Leonard Street. Nearby sites include 319 Broadway to the southwest; 33 Thomas Street to
4828-680: Is served by two New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations. Engine Company 7/Ladder Company 1/Battalion 1 is located at 100 Duane Street while Ladder Company 8, which appears in the Ghostbusters films, is located at 14 North Moore Street . As of 2018, preterm births and births to teenage mothers are less common in Tribeca and Lower Manhattan than in other places citywide. In Tribeca and Lower Manhattan, there were 77 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 2.2 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide), though
4970-419: Is skipped. 108 Leonard's facade is largely made of white Tuckahoe marble , except the southern elevation, which is made of brick and terracotta. The facade is divided vertically into 26 bays to the north and south, three bays to the west, and five bays to the east. The northern and southern elevations are flanked by end pavilions measuring three bays wide, and there is also a four-bay-wide entrance pavilion at
5112-590: Is variously described as having been built in the Second Empire style or the Italianate style. New York Life and Equitable Life competed to develop their respective headquarters; the two firms' structures even opened on the same day, May 1, 1870. The two designs inspired those of other insurance buildings nearby, including the headquarters of Mutual Life, Metropolitan Life , and Germania Life . The 85 ft-high (26 m) building, with four stories and
5254-730: The Atlantic Ocean made it easier for ships to navigate to the piers on the Hudson, rather than use the "back door" via the East River to the piers there. Later, the Hudson River piers also received freight via railroad cars ferried across the river from New Jersey. The increased shipping encouraged the expansion of the Washington Market – a wholesale produce market that opened in 1813 as " Bear Market " – from
5396-536: The Borough of Manhattan Community College in 1980, and Washington Market Park in 1981. Some warehouse buildings were converted to residential use, and lofts began to be utilized by artists, who lived and worked in their spaces, a model which had been pioneered in nearby SoHo . In the early 1970s, a couple of years after artists in SoHo were able to legalize their live/work situation, artist and resident organizations in
5538-522: The Canal Street Station at 350 Canal Street. Tribeca and Lower Manhattan generally have a higher rate of college-educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018. The vast majority of residents age 25 and older (84%) have a college education or higher, while 4% have less than a high school education and 12% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 64% of Manhattan residents and 43% of city residents have
5680-609: The IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line (today's 1 , 2 , and 3 trains), which opened for service in 1918, and the accompanying extension of Seventh Avenue and the widening of Varick Street during subway construction in 1914, both of resulted in better access to the area for vehicles and for subway riders. The area was also served by the IRT Ninth Avenue Line , an elevated train line on Greenwich Street demolished in 1940. After
5822-490: The Manhattan Bridge Overpass), and BoCoCa , the last of which is actually a collection of neighborhoods ( Boerum Hill , Cobble Hill, Brooklyn and Carroll Gardens ). The name "Tribeca" was coined in the early 1970s and originally applied to the narrower area bounded by Broadway and Canal, Lispenard, and Church Streets, which appears to be a triangle on city planning maps. Residents of this area formed
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5964-501: The New York Telephone Company building at 140 West Street , between Vesey and Barclay, with its Mayan-inspired Art Deco motif, and the former New York Mercantile Exchange at 6 Harrison Street. During the late 1960s and 1970s, abandoned and inexpensive Tribeca lofts became hot-spot residences for young artists and their families because of the seclusion of lower Manhattan and the vast living space. Jim Stratton,
6106-487: The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks , but government grants and incentives helped the area rebound fairly quickly. The Tribeca Film Festival was established to help contribute to the long-term recovery of lower Manhattan after 9/11. The festival also celebrates New York City as a major filmmaking center. The mission of the film festival is "to enable the international film community and the general public to experience
6248-653: The United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps . In addition, the United States Agency for International Development opened a recruitment office in the main lobby in 1967. In 1967, the New York City government acquired the building and moved several city agencies there. The city's Summons Court , which itself was nicknamed "346", moved into the building. 346 Broadway also hosted some Criminal Court cases during
6390-506: The 10,000 sq ft (930 m) Clocktower Gallery . A metal spiral staircase leads up to the clock's machine room, which is physically on the 15th floor. The machine room is surrounded by the clock's four faces. The machinery in the machine room includes a 1,000 lb (450 kg) weight, which descends to strike a 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) bell. The bell was made by the McShane Bell Foundry . A hammer, powered by
6532-420: The 11th and 12th stories, the window openings are composed of double-height arches. Above this is a deep cornice with modillions . The attic is surrounded by a balustrade with stone eagles at each of its corners, which represent New York Life. This balustrade supports a clock tower that rises another two stories above the main roof (see 108 Leonard § Clock tower ). The eastern end of 108 Leonard comprises
6674-427: The 12th story, on the Broadway side of the building, is a clock manufactured by the E. Howard Watch and Clock Company . The base of the clock tower is two stories tall, while the clock tower itself rises another three stories. The clock has four faces, each measuring 12 ft (3.7 m) in diameter and marked with Roman numerals . Each corner of the clock tower was ornamented by a 20-foot-tall column. The clock tower
6816-520: The 13th floor. The Summons Court was handling one hundred thousand cases annually by the late 1970s. Meanwhile, the building had become dilapidated; The New York Times wrote that "the rooms at 346 have not been painted in at least a dozen years, dirt on the windows blocks out the sun and more than half the light fixtures have broken bulbs". The Criminal Court Summons Part was relocated from the building in 1979, at which point between 2.5 million and 3 million summonses were stored in cabinets and drawers across
6958-615: The 1840s and then continuing after the American Civil War , shipping in New York City – which then consisted only of Manhattan – shifted in large part from the East River and the area around South Street to the Hudson River , where the longer piers could more easily handle the larger ships which were then coming into use. In addition, the dredging of the sand bars which lay across the entrance to New York Harbor from
7100-453: The 1st Precinct of the NYPD , located at 16 Ericsson Place. The 1st Precinct ranked 63rd safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. Though the number of crimes is low compared to other NYPD precincts, the residential population is also much lower. As of 2018, with a non-fatal assault rate of 24 per 100,000 people, Tribeca and Lower Manhattan's rate of violent crimes per capita
7242-440: The 1st story and one square-headed window on the 2nd story. There are two windows per bay in the remaining stories; the windows on the 3rd, 4th, 10th, and 12th stories are round-arched, while the other windows are square-headed. Band courses and cornices run horizontally across this pavilion above each of the first four stories and above the 6th, 7th, 9th, and 10th stories. As in the Broadway pavilion, there are relief panels between
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#17327809628427384-460: The Department of Citywide Administrative Services had restored the ninth floor for the probation department. The old New York Life Building continued to physically deteriorate through the 1990s, as many of the interior spaces had been covered with linoleum, divided by partitions, and marked by graffiti. The city's general services commissioner, William J. Diamond, said that 346 Broadway was one of
7526-555: The Equitable Life Building were announced, New York Life devised plans for its own headquarters in Lower Manhattan. In 1868, the company selected a site at 346 Broadway, which had formerly contained publishing firm D. Appleton & Company 's headquarters. Following an architectural design competition in late 1867, New York Life had hired architect Griffith Thomas to design its new edifice. The structure
7668-478: The LPC designated the building's exterior and parts of the interior as a landmark on February 12, 1987; the interior-landmark designation covered ten separate parts of the building. City officials and former Rikers Island prisoners built five courtrooms in the building during the 1980s; the new courtrooms did not include prisoner holding cells, so they were used for Civil Court cases instead of criminal cases. By 1993,
7810-461: The Merchants' Club, also designed by Armstrong. The lower story of the club contained a hallway measuring 100 by 15 ft (30.5 by 4.6 m) across and 30 ft (9.1 m) high. It was decorated with Greek mosaic tiles; a marble wainscoting topped by a light-brown fresco; and a multicolored ceiling. At the far end of the hall was an archway trimmed in brown marble and mahogany, which led to
7952-501: The New York City government classifies Tribeca as part of a larger neighborhood tabulation area called SoHo-TriBeCa-Civic Center-Little Italy. Based on data from the 2010 United States Census , the population of SoHo-TriBeCa-Civic Center-Little Italy was 42,742, a change of 5,985 (14%) from the 36,757 counted in 2000 . Covering an area of 581.62 acres (235.37 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 73.5 inhabitants per acre (47,000/sq mi; 18,200/km ). The racial makeup of
8094-564: The New York Life Building and was finished in two phases. The eastern part of the building was built from 1894 to 1896 and was initially designed by Stephen Decatur Hatch , who died midway during construction. McKim, Mead & White oversaw the completion of the eastern section. The western part of the building, including a three-story clock tower, was constructed from 1896 to 1898 and was designed solely by McKim, Mead & White. 108 Leonard occupies its entire block and has
8236-492: The New York Life Building as being in a "rivalry" with the Central National Bank Building to the south, at Pearl Street and Broadway. During the construction of the annex, New York Life decided to replace the original building as well. Although the white-marble facade, cornices, arched windows, and the proportions of the annex harmonized with that of the original building, New York Life officials felt
8378-607: The TriBeCa Artists' Co-op in filing legal documents connected to a 1973 zoning dispute. An April 1976 article in The New York Times described that residents had used such names as "Lo Cal" and "So So" for the neighborhood, and that the City Planning Commission had established the name and that it covered "Canal Street on the north, Barclay Street on the south, West Street, and Broadway on
8520-520: The Tribeca Open Artist Studio Tour was founded as a non-profit, artist-run organization with the mission to empower the working artists of Tribeca while providing an educational opportunity for the public. For 15 years, the annual free walking tour through artist studios in Tribeca has allowed people to get a unique glimpse into the lives of Tribeca's best creative talent. Tribeca suffered both physically and financially after
8662-479: The United States in 2012, was an automobile named after the neighborhood. Community groups and organizations Images and memories Neighborhood guides News and blogs Appleton Building The Appleton Building occupied the front of a small block which was bounded by Broadway , Leonard Street, and Catharine Alley in New York City . It stood on the site of what is now 346 Broadway ,
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#17327809628428804-491: The adjacent, low-income neighborhood of Chinatown , also uses the 10013 zip code). As of 2010, Tribeca was the safest neighborhood in New York City, according to NYPD and CompStat statistics. In the 2010s, several skyscrapers were completed, including 30 Park Place (containing the Four Seasons Hotel New York Downtown ), 56 Leonard Street , and 111 Murray Street . For census purposes,
8946-487: The annual Tribeca Film Festival in 2002. De Niro also claimed ownership of all domain names incorporating the text "Tribeca" for domain names with any content related to film festivals. In particular, he had a dispute with the owner of the website tribeca.net. Although Wizards of Waverly Place includes a fictional "Tribeca Prep", exterior shots were filmed at P.S. 40 on East 20th Street , between First Avenue and Second Avenue in midtown Gramercy Park . In addition,
9088-675: The area to the south, then known as Washington Market or the Lower West Side , sought to gain similar zoning status for their neighborhood. One of the neighborhood groups called themselves the "Triangle Below Canal Block Association", and, as activists had done in SoHo, shortened the group's name to the Tribeca Block Association. The Tribeca name came to be applied to the area south of Canal Street, between Broadway and West Street, extending south to – as variously defined – Chambers, Vesey, or Murray Street. In 1996,
9230-720: The basement, 11th, and 12th floors); the Department of Public Welfare ; and the Department of Finance 's Emergency Revenue division. Other tenants around this time included the Veterans Voters League. When the New York state government's Mortgage Commission Servicing Corporation leased four floors in 1935, the structure was renamed the Mortgage Commission Servicing Corporation Building. The corporation moved into
9372-420: The building are 152 condominium residences. The entrances lead to various lobbies, stairs, and hallways, some of which are elaborately decorated. In addition, there is a banquet hall within a former banking room near Lafayette Street; former executive offices on the lower floors; and residential amenities in the cellar and on the roof. The present building at 346 Broadway was constructed in two phases, replacing
9514-407: The building fell down eight stories. The next year, the portico in front of the building's Broadway entrance was removed. By the late 1910s, the surrounding area had become a hub for fashion and textile companies. At the time, four stories in the New York Life Building were devoted exclusively to hosiery and underwear firms. During the 1920s, New York Life underwent another period of rapid growth, and
9656-407: The building that December and leased two more stories shortly afterward, occupying half of the structure. The building was fully occupied in the early 1940s. The New York branch of the federal government's Veterans Administration moved into 346 Broadway in 1942, leasing four floors with an option for four more. The VA expanded its space the next year, and it occupied the entirety of 346 Broadway and
9798-410: The building was three stories high (excluding the basement) and was flanked by four-story pavilions at either end. The main entrance on Broadway was through a portico , topped by a pediment with an eagle. Running west-east across the first floor was a 12 ft-wide (3.7 m) hallway, which was flanked by two large rooms and connected to a stair with an elevator shaft. The old New York Life Building
9940-494: The building's completion. The building occupies a city block bounded by Broadway to the west, Leonard Street to the north, Lafayette Street to the east, and Catherine Lane to the south. It is a New York City designated landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The exterior is largely made of marble, and each elevation of the facade is divided vertically into multiple bays . Although
10082-457: The building. City employees Marvin Schneider and Eric Reiner restored 346 Broadway's clock in 1980. The city government would not let Schneider and Reiner fix the clock without liability insurance, so New York Life donated an insurance policy for the two men. Schneider had never fixed a clock before, but he thought 346 Broadway's broken clock signified "a city that wasn't working". After fixing
10224-441: The cellar, on floor 14, and on the roof above the penthouse (labeled as floor 16). The Leonard Street entrance leads to a double-height main lobby. The space is designated as a New York City interior landmark and contains a terrazzo floor and marble walls. The north wall of the lobby, on either side of the doorway, contains motifs of triple garlands. The lobby is surrounded by a band with a Greek key motif, placed about halfway up
10366-413: The center of the elevator lobby, was scrapped when McKim, Mead & White took over the design. The elevators were removed in the 2010s, and the elevator doors were replaced with grilles. Three new elevator cores (each with two passenger elevators), as well as a service elevator stopping at all stories, were installed during the 2010s renovation. 108 Leonard contains six emergency exit stairs, one of which
10508-447: The center of the northern elevation. There are three residential entrances, one each on Broadway, Leonard Street, and Lafayette Street. In addition, there is an entrance on Broadway leading to retail space; an entrance on Leonard Street, leading to a community facility and banking hall; a garage door on Leonard Street; and three service entrances on Catherine Lane. The exterior walls are made of marble, granite, terracotta, and brick, while
10650-525: The city for $ 160 million in 2013; this was part of a $ 250 million deal that also involved the sale of 49 Chambers to the Chetrit Group. The New York City government sold the buildings in an attempt to reduce the amount of office space that it owned. Peebles finalized its acquisition in December 2013; it was the most expensive property to be sold by the New York City government. 346 Broadway
10792-399: The citywide average of 20%. Additionally, 96% of high school students in Tribeca and Lower Manhattan graduate on time, more than the citywide average of 75%. The New York City Department of Education operates the following public schools nearby: The New York Public Library (NYPL) operates two branches nearby. The New Amsterdam branch is located at 9 Murray Street near Broadway. It
10934-527: The citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively. In addition, 5% of children are obese, the lowest rate in the city, compared to the citywide average of 20%. Ninety-six percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is more than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 88% of residents described their health as "good," "very good", or "excellent", more than the city's average of 78%. For every supermarket in Tribeca and Lower Manhattan, there are 6 bodegas . The nearest major hospital
11076-547: The clock, Schneider, Reiner, and George Whaley were asked to fix clocks in other city buildings, and they continued to wind 346 Broadway's clock every week. In addition, Schneider began petitioning the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) to designate the former New York Life Building as a city landmark. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. In part due to Schneider's advocacy,
11218-518: The company's operations could no longer fit in the 346 Broadway building. As a result, New York Life decided to expand into the upper floors, which were occupied by knitted-goods firms; all the knitted-goods tenants decided to relocate across Broadway simultaneously. Even this was not enough for New York Life, which in 1924 announced plans to build a skyscraper uptown at 51 Madison Avenue , on the site of Madison Square Garden . A one-foot-square piece of masonry fell from 346 Broadway in 1927, although no one
11360-597: The construction of the Holland Tunnel from 1920 to 1927 and the transition of freight shipping from ships and railroads to trucks, the truck traffic generated by the market and other businesses caused considerable congestion in the area. This provoked the building between 1929 and 1951 of the Miller Highway , an elevated roadway that came to be called the West Side Highway , the purpose of which
11502-410: The corners are decorated with cartouches. A cornice with modillions runs above the 3rd story, above which is a bronze railing. Band courses run horizontally across the facade above the 4th, 6th, 7th, 9th, and 10th stories, thereby dividing the facade into alternating sections of one and two stories. In addition, the windows on the 7th and 10th stories are flanked by panels with acanthus-leaf motifs. At
11644-610: The destruction caused by the terrorist attacks. Tribeca is part of Manhattan Community District 1 , and its primary ZIP Codes are 10007 and 10013. It is patrolled by the 1st Precinct of the New York City Police Department . Tribeca is one of a number of neighborhoods in New York City whose names are syllabic abbreviations or acronyms , including SoHo (South of Houston Street ), NoHo (North of Houston Street), Nolita (North of Little Italy ), NoMad (North of Madison Square ), DUMBO (Down Under
11786-497: The developers were trying to downsize the community space. The LPC voted in December 2014 to grant a "certificate of appropriateness" to the clock tower's conversion, despite public opposition to that part of the project. Schneider continued to visit the building every week to wind the clock until March 2015, when the developers stopped granting him access to the clock tower. Tribeca Tribeca ( / t r aɪ ˈ b ɛ k ə / try- BEK -ə ), originally written as TriBeCa ,
11928-557: The early 1970s, as well as the Criminal Court's Summons Part office, where residents could file complaints about incidents where the New York City Police Department declined to make an arrest. The first alternative dispute resolution center in New York City opened within the building in 1975. The Clocktower art gallery, operated by the Institute for Art and Urban Resources , had opened by 1973; it occupied an underused space on
12070-529: The early 20th century, and 346 Broadway hosted various U.S. federal and New York state government offices from the 1930s to the 1960s. After the government of New York City acquired the building in 1967, the structure housed the Summons Court and other judicial functions, as well as an art gallery. The Peebles Corporation and El-Ad Group bought the building for $ 160 million in 2013 and renovated it for residential use. Following various legal issues,
12212-466: The east of the entrance pavilion, excluding the Lafayette Street pavilion. These bays contain double-height archways on the 1st and 2nd stories, since these originally overlooked the general office. The windows on the other stories are separated by flat pilasters; the windows on the 3rd, 4th, 10th, and 12th stories are round-arched, while the other windows are square-headed. Above the 12th story
12354-491: The east". According to a local historian, the name had been misconstrued by the newspaper reporter as applying to a much larger area, which is how it came to be the name of the current neighborhood. The area now known as Tribeca was farmed by Dutch settlers to New Amsterdam , prominently Roeleff Jansen (who obtained the land patent, called Dominie's Brouwery, from Wouter van Twiller in 1636) and his wife Anneke Jans who later married Everardus Bogardus . The land stayed with
12496-418: The entire establishment after relocating from Park Place. The firm occupied the entire ground floor and basement for their own business. The building was the home of S.B. Chittenden & Company, wholesale dealers and importers of dry goods of all types. It was owned by Messrs. Appleton & Company and valued at $ 250,000, at the time of its destruction. Appleton & Company took over its ownership after it
12638-457: The facade. At ground level (actually the basement), the main entrance is through a double-height round arch. The doors in this arch are topped by spandrel panels with foliate patterns. The main entrance is flanked by two pairs of two single-story pilasters, one stacked above the other. The bays on each side of the doorways contain round-arched openings. Above the basement, the central bay of the entrance pavilion contains three windows per story, while
12780-521: The facade. There are nine bays to the west and seven bays to the east, excluding the pavilions on either end. The 11th and 12th stories contain round-arched windows above a cornice with modillions. The roofs contain insulating membranes, which are covered with pavers . There are five skylights on the roof, above unit 14A; the original skylights above the building's emergency stair have been sealed. The primary roof above floor 16 contains dormer structures for elevators, stairs, and mechanical equipment. Above
12922-747: The family until 1670 when the deed was signed over to Col. Francis Lovelace . In 1674 the Dutch took possession of the area until the English reclaimed the land a year later. In 1674, representing the Duke of York , Governor Andros took possession of the land. Tribeca was later part of the large tract of land given to Trinity Church by Queen Anne in 1705. In 1807, the church built St. John's Chapel on Varick Street and then laid out St. John's Park , bounded by Laight Street, Varick Street, Ericsson Place , and Hudson Street . The church also built Hudson Square ,
13064-423: The few city-owned buildings that could be feasibly converted into a private development. The interior spaces continued to be publicly accessible in the 2000s, although the clock tower was only accessible on Wednesdays. The probation department and summons court remained at the building until the early 2010s. The Peebles Corporation , along with its partner El-Ad Group , bought the former New York Life Building from
13206-467: The first condominiums in the building were sold in March 2018. 108 Leonard is in the Tribeca neighborhood of Lower Manhattan in New York City , at 346 Broadway . It occupies a city block bounded by Broadway to the west, Leonard Street to the north, Lafayette Street to the east, and Catherine Lane to the south. The land lot is trapezoidal and covers 28,566 sq ft (2,650 m). The site
13348-472: The former executive offices), as well as in 11 penthouse apartments. The northeastern corner of floor 5, which was also designated as a New York City interior landmark, was adapted into a three-bedroom apartment. 108 Leonard contains a 20,000-square-foot (1,900 m) amenity space for residents, such as a swimming pool, fitness center, roof deck, and wine cellar. The swimming pool in the cellar measures 75 by 12 ft (22.9 by 3.7 m) across; next to it are
13490-423: The fourth story (floor 5), above the eastern end of the building, was a president's suite designed by McKim, Mead & White. The president's suite had an anteroom with marble paneling, as well as Ionic pilasters that flanked beige-and-black panels on the walls. The anteroom had six doorways, each of which had a marble floor and wooden doors with etched-glass panels. The paneled ceiling was decorated with rosettes and
13632-470: The general office's balcony. The hallway on floor 3 contains plaster walls; rectangular doorways with console brackets ; a plaster ceiling with panels; and a classically inspired cornice. The ceiling of the hallway includes a plaster relief with New York Life's monogram, as well as caduceus motifs. There are similar hallways on the upper floors, which contain floors and wainscoting made of marble, as well as metal decorations. The hallway on floor 3 leads to
13774-452: The general office, is on the east side of the building, occupying the first and second stories (floors 2 and 3) next to the lobby. The double-height space measures three bays from north to south and six bays from east to west. The general office contains double-height windows facing north and south, as well as freestanding Corinthian -style columns that are arranged into two groups. Tellers' cages, with screens at their tops, were arranged around
13916-446: The government plates at Hampton Court in December 1859. They measured 38 X 25 inches. Produced by Day & Son, engravers to Queen Victoria , a set of seven cartoons sold for $ 10 in New York. The structure burned on February 12, 1867, during an intense fire which was discovered by an officer of the 6th precinct at 5:40 a.m. Within an hour's time, flames had engulfed the huge and isolated building. E.S. Jaffray & Company,
14058-441: The hallway, while the windows are deeply recessed and rise from the floor. The south wall of the former committee room included an elliptical arch with a tripartite window. The space occupied by these rooms was converted to residential units 3N and 3P in the 2010s. Floor 3 originally had a room for New York Life's board of directors, which was decorated by Maitland Armstrong . The room was relocated to 51 Madison Avenue in 1928. On
14200-479: The juxtaposition of the original building and annex "would not be an aesthetic success". M cKim, Mead & White designed the replacement in the Italian Renaissance Revival style . The replacement structure and its clock tower were designed by Henry Bacon of McKim, Mead & White, under the supervision of William Rutherford Mead . In December 1895, McKim, Mead & White filed plans for
14342-457: The late 18th century and was the first street on or adjacent to the farm of Anthony Lispenard Bleecker, which was just south of what is now Canal Street ; the name of the street is a corruption of the name of Paul Bache, a son-in-law of Anthony Lispenard. Lispenard Street in Tribeca is named for the Lispenard family, and Bleecker Street in NoHo was named for Anthony Lispenard Bleecker. During
14484-416: The main entrance is on Leonard Street, the western and eastern ends also contain entrances and are clad with rusticated stone blocks. On the upper stories, band courses run horizontally across the facade, and there are arched and rectangular windows. Along Broadway, above the 12th story, is an ornate clock tower, with a mechanically wound clock. A two-story penthouse is placed above the original roof. Inside
14626-535: The neighborhood was 66.1% (28,250) White , 2.2% (934) African American , 0.1% (30) Native American , 22.2% (9,478) Asian , 0% (11) Pacific Islander , 0.4% (171) from other races , and 2.6% (1,098) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.5% (2,770) of the population. The entirety of Community District 1, which comprises Tribeca and other Lower Manhattan neighborhoods, had 63,383 inhabitants as of NYC Health 's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 85.8 years. This
14768-531: The neighboring SoHo-Cast Iron Historic District . In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the neighborhood was a center of the textile/cotton trade. Notable buildings in the neighborhoods include the historic neo-Renaissance Textile Building , designed by Henry J. Hardenbergh and built in 1901, and the Powell Building, a designated Landmark on Hudson Street , which was designed by Carrère and Hastings and built in 1892. Other notable buildings include
14910-708: The neighboring 350 Broadway by 1944. New York Life sold the building in August 1945 to the City Investing Company, led by Robert Dowling. The building was renovated around 1947, when steam pipes and electric elevators were installed. Charles F. Noyes and the City Investing Company each owned a 50 percent stake in the building until 1948, when Noyes gave his ownership stake to the Jessie Smith Noyes Foundation to fund scholarships for college students. The East New York Savings Bank placed
15052-443: The office space was converted to condominiums with between one and four bedrooms. The building has 152 condominiums, which span floors 2 through 16. The clock tower contains a three-story, 6,252-square-foot (580.8 m) penthouse apartment with five bedrooms and three terraces. Four of the units (PH West, 15A, PH North, and PH East) contain private elevators. Each unit's ceilings range from 9 to 14 ft (2.7 to 4.3 m) high; on
15194-437: The original market buildings to buildings throughout its neighborhood, taking over houses and warehouses to use for the storage of produce, including butter, cheese, and eggs. In the mid-19th century, the neighborhood was the center of the dry goods and textile industries in the city, and St. John's Park was turned into a freight depot. Later, the area also featured fireworks outlets, pets stores, radios – which were clustered in
15336-497: The other bays contain two windows. The windows on the upper stories are largely similar in design to those on the rest of the facade. The remainder of the Leonard Street elevation is divided by band courses at the same levels as on the Lafayette Street pavilion. There are nine bays to the west of the entrance pavilion, excluding the Broadway pavilion. In the western bays, the 1st and 2nd stories contain square-headed windows with composite columns between them. There are seven such bays to
15478-474: The percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 38% in Tribeca and Lower Manhattan, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 45% and 51%, respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018, Tribeca and Lower Manhattan are considered high-income relative to the rest of the city and not gentrifying . Tribeca is dominated by former industrial buildings that have been converted into residential buildings and lofts , similar to those of
15620-504: The portico's construction. New York Life was eventually allowed to build a projecting portico with six columns and an ornate balustrade. The Merchants' Association moved into the ground floor of the structure in July 1897. McKim, Mead & White completed the replacement building in April 1898. New York Life occupied the rebuilt edifice for three decades after the expansions were completed, and
15762-458: The power of film by redefining the film festival experience." Tribeca is a popular filming location for movies and television shows. By the early 21st century, Tribeca became one of Manhattan's most fashionable and desirable neighborhoods, well known for its celebrity residents. Its streets teem with art galleries, boutique shops, restaurants, and bars. In 2006, Forbes magazine ranked its 10013 zip code as New York City's most expensive (however,
15904-517: The publicly accessible clock tower into a private residence, and they wished to replace the clock's mechanical workings with electric machinery; the developers shut off electricity to the clock in May 2014. The building was originally supposed to contain a hotel, plans for which had been scrapped by July 2014. The development also had to include a 16,000 sq ft (1,500 m) community space; by October 2014, local residents were expressing concerns that
16046-416: The room. The ceiling is painted and contains gilded octagonal coffers, which in turn are separated by a grid of molded bands. The south wall contains a marble safe, which was originally freestanding. The west and east walls each contain three arches. The central arches on either side lead to the hallways on floor 3, and the two outer archways on the eastern wall contains bulls-eye windows. The balcony at floor 3
16188-545: The space. The D. Appleton structure burned down in 1867 and was replaced with the first New York Life building on the site, designed by Griffith Thomas and completed in 1870. Until 1894, the site also contained a firehouse for Engine 31 of the New York City Fire Department , at 116 Leonard Street, as well as the clubhouse of the Merchant's Club at 108 Leonard Street. 108 Leonard was constructed as
16330-458: The stairs, elevator lobbies, public areas, and mechanical areas of the penthouses can accommodate up to 100 psf (4.8 kPa), while the apartments in the penthouses can hold up to 40 psf (1.9 kPa). When the New York Life Building was constructed, each story was laid out around a passageway that ran from west to east, and the office (later residential) space was clustered north and south of this passageway. There are equipment rooms on
16472-518: The structure at a projected cost of $ 1 million. During the replacement building's construction, falling masonry injured two workers in 1896, and an elevator collapsed and injured six workers in 1897. As part of the project, New York Life wanted to take over Catherine Lane and build vaults underneath it; this was difficult because the alley was city-owned property. In addition, New York Life wanted to build an entrance portico on Broadway, but New York City's commissioner of public works had initially forbidden
16614-531: The structure became known as the "Temple of Humanity". In the early 1900s, tenants included law firm Sullivan, Goldsmith & Engel; numbering-machine manufacturer Bates Machine Company; and bank Trust Company of the Republic. New York Life bought an adjacent site in 1904, intending to construct a quarters for the company's growing clerical staff. Afterward, the company rented out the newly vacated space at 346 Broadway. Ten people were hurt in 1911 when an elevator in
16756-417: The teenage birth rate is based on a small sample size. Tribeca and Lower Manhattan have a low population of residents who are uninsured . In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 4%, less than the citywide rate of 12%, though this was based on a small sample size. The concentration of fine particulate matter , the deadliest type of air pollutant , in Tribeca and Lower Manhattan
16898-421: The three highest stories, the apartments have ceilings measuring up to 15 ft (4.6 m) high. The apartments also have "gallery walls", which can display art, as well as kitchens and bathrooms with marble. The building's condominiums contain wooden floors with oak planks laid in a chevron pattern, and some of the condos contain exterior terraces. There are fireplaces in two of the apartments on floor 3 (within
17040-679: The time were typically paid a 5 percent commission , but New York Life was reluctant to pay such a high commission. Four of the five competitors agreed not to receive less than a 5 percent commission, but Hatch was content with a 3.5 percent commission. The company decided in August 1893 to hire Hatch, who was less well-known than the other competitors, to design the annex. Plans for the annex were filed in April 1894. The project would also involve masonry contractor L. W. Armstrong, marble contractor Norcross Company, iron contractor Post and McCord, and carpenter E. Hilbrand. Construction commenced in May 1894, but Hatch died three months later, before construction
17182-436: The top and bottom of each stair. There is also a bronze chandelier hanging from the center from the ceiling. In the 2010s, the floors were renovated with wooden planks laid in a chevron pattern. The modern-day residential building has two additional lobbies, in addition to the landmarked main lobby. The basement and first story of the main lobby lead to two semicircular elevator banks of similar design. The lower level leads to
17324-441: The wall. Above this band, on the eastern and western walls, are two Ionic pilasters, which in turn support a cornice that is decorated with rosettes. These pilasters divide the walls into three panels, each with a bronze frame and bronze centerpiece. The lobby is flanked by a pair of staircases, which rise to the first story (labeled as floor 2). These staircases contain marble balustrades, as well as newel posts with bronze globes at
17466-548: The west; 359 Broadway and 361 Broadway to the northwest; and the Jacob K. Javits Federal Building to the south. Prior to the development of the current building, the site had been occupied by the Appleton Building , designed by Frederic Diaper and built from 1838 to 1840. The building housed the New York Society Library until 1856, when publishing firm D. Appleton & Company moved into
17608-519: The windows are generally made of glass and aluminum. Surrounding the entire building at the 13th story (floor 15) are stone parapets, which are decorated with openwork motifs of interlocking circles. In addition, floors 16 and 17 are surrounded by glass-and-aluminum parapets. The western end of 108 Leonard comprises a pavilion measuring three bays wide on Broadway, Catherine Lane, and Leonard Street. All three elevations of this pavilion are clad with rusticated blocks of marble. The main entrance on Broadway
17750-444: The windows on the 7th and 10th stories. The parapet above the 12th story contains a clock tower with one face, which measures 12 ft (3.7 m) across. The dome of this tower contains a copper roof. For the most part, the Leonard Street and Catherine Lane elevations are divided into bays with two windows per story. At the center of the Leonard Street elevation, there is a three-bay-wide entrance pavilion that projects slightly from
17892-402: Was A. A. Smith & Son, which had been one of the building's first tenants but had moved out during the 1910s. The building's tenants included three outerwear producers at the end of 1930, and Charles F. Noyes Company took over as the building's leasing agent the same year. Several city government agencies then leased space in the building, including the Department of Water Supply (which leased
18034-516: Was Peebles's first property in New York City. The Clocktower Gallery closed that year. Immediately after buying the building, Peebles and El-Ad announced they would convert the building into luxury residences. As part of the project, the building would contain either 130 or 140 residences. John H. Beyer of architectural firm Beyer Blinder Belle proposed relocating the building's staircases, adding two penthouses, and removing fire escapes to make way for private balconies. The developers planned to convert
18176-465: Was a residential neighborhood in the early 19th century, before becoming a mercantile area centered on produce, dry goods, and textiles, and then transitioning to artists and then actors, models, entrepreneurs, and other celebrities. The neighborhood is home to the Tribeca Festival , which was created in response to the September 11 attacks , to reinvigorate the neighborhood and downtown after
18318-485: Was completed. After Hatch's death, McKim, Mead & White took over the project, designing an annex that extended about 200 ft (61 m) west from Elm Street. The annex ultimately cost $ 1.5 million to construct. The Merchant's Club moved into the top two stories of the annex, which opened in February 1896. The New-York Tribune wrote that the structure would be "one of the most striking improvements in Broadway" south of Canal Street . The New York Times described
18460-423: Was established on the ground floor of an office building in 1989. The Battery Park City branch is located at 175 North End Avenue near Murray Street. Completed in 2010, the two-story branch is NYPL's first LEED -certified branch. Robert De Niro and Jane Rosenthal had high profiles in the district's revival when they co-produced the dramatic television anthology series TriBeCa in 1993 and co-founded
18602-493: Was four stories tall, and was constructed entirely of brown stone. It was a familiar landmark in a quickly changing Broadway of the mid-19th century. It was one of Broadway's oldest buildings. The Appletons were publishers who left the address for offices at a marble store located at 343 and 345 Broadway, in April 1860. Afterward the Appleton Building underwent considerable alterations prior to welcoming its new tenants, Graybon, McCreary, & Co., dry goods merchants. They leased
18744-399: Was hurt. On November 15, 1928, New York Life transferred 75 million documents representing $ 6.85 billion in policies to the new building. An additional $ 675 million in securities was transported to the new structure, protected by 100 armored cars with machine guns . After New York Life vacated 346 Broadway, the building started to attract clothing firms. Among these companies
18886-439: Was one of the first buildings in New York City with an elevator. After the building opened, Henry Fernbach designed a mansard roof , which was completed in 1879. New York Life gradually purchased the lots on the eastern portion of the block, extending east to Lafayette Street (then known as Elm Street). By the early 1890s, New York Life had acquired all buildings on the eastern portion of the block. New York Life decided to host
19028-738: Was originally located in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan. The firm was originally known as the Nautilus Insurance Company, but it assumed the New York Life name in 1849. Its previous structures in New York City had been clustered around Lower Manhattan. By the late 19th century, life insurance companies generally had their own buildings for their offices and branch locations. According to architectural writer Kenneth Gibbs, these buildings allowed each individual company to instill "not only its name but also
19170-402: Was part of Hatch's original plan but was removed from McKim, Mead & White's final design; it was added in a later renovation. In the 2010s, the banking room was converted into a banquet hall. An elevator connects both levels of the banking hall. East of the banking room, a narrow flight of stairs leads up from floor 2. The staircase contains a decorative metal railing and leads to floor 3 and
19312-512: Was rebuilt to handle through traffic. By the 1960s, Tribeca's industrial base had all but vanished, and the produce market moved to Hunts Point in the Bronx in the 1960s. The city put an urban renewal plan into effect, which involved the demolition of many old buildings, with the intent of building high-rise residential towers, office buildings, and schools. Some of these were constructed, including Independence Plaza in 1975 on Washington Street,
19454-405: Was surrounded by a molding with a doubled Greek-key motif. This room has also been modified with linoleum floors and fluorescent lights. The president's office itself was a rectangular space, with rectangular windows to the east and round-arched windows to the north. The walls were decorated with a dado, Ionic pilasters, and a cornice all made of mahogany. The plaster ceiling had three oval panels and
19596-410: Was surrounded by garlands, a Greek key motif, and rosettes. As part of a 2010s renovation, these decorations were relocated to the first story, and the presidents' room was used as a private anteroom for residents. The space occupied by the president's office was converted to residential units 5N and 5P in the 2010s. On the eastern half of the 11th and 12th stories (floors 12 and 14) were the quarters of
19738-453: Was to handle through automobile traffic, which thus did not have to deal with the truck congestion at street level. Because of a policy of "deferred maintenance", the elevated structure began to fall apart in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and the highway was shut down in 1973. The roadway project planned to replace it, called Westway , was fought by neighborhood activists, and was eventually killed by environmental concerns. Instead, West Street
19880-401: Was topped by a 7 ft-tall (2.1 m) eagle. The gigantic statue was removed sometime after 1928 and has been lost ever since. Inside the clock tower, on the 13th story (labeled as floor 17), is a double-height rectangular room with brick walls, four windows, and exposed ceiling beams. A doorway leads from the room to an outdoor terrace. From the 1970s until 2013, this space was occupied by
20022-416: Was topped with by a 33 ft-tall (10 m), 8-short-ton (7.1-long-ton; 7.3 t) sculpture made by French-American sculptor Philip Martiny . The piece consisted of four 11 ft-tall (3.4 m) crouching figures of Atlas, which supported a hollow globe measuring 15 feet wide. A solid sphere measuring 8 ft (2.4 m) wide was placed within the globe to give the impression of solidity. The globe
20164-517: Was vacated by the Society Library. In March 1854 Geo. Carstensen and Chs. Gildemeister, architects, maintained their offices in the building. In January 1855 the firm of Foster, Dixon & Company was giving lessons in writing, mathematics, and bookkeeping at 346 Broadway. Men who answered their The New York Times advertisement would be quickly prepared for a career in the counting house . The New York Book Publishers' Association held
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