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45-990: The Family Online Safety Institute is a membership-based organization, members pay an annual stipend to FOSI. In turn FOSI uses this funding for its general operation and to further its goals and mission. Each of the FOSI members have a representative on the Board of Directors . Full members of FOSI include prominent American and British companies. Members include AOL , AT&T , Comcast , Facebook , France Telecom , Entertainment Software Association , GSM Association , Google , Microsoft , National Cable & Telecommunications Association , Nominum , Optenet KCOM Group , Rulespace , Sprint , Streamshield , Symantec , T-Mobile USA , Telefonica , Telmex , Time Warner Cable , CTIA – The Wireless Association , Verizon , Vodafone and Yahoo! . The Family Online Safety Institute's 2013 Annual Conference will be taking place at

90-534: A Web 2.0 World" on December 6, 2007 at the Ronald Reagan Building in Washington, D.C. The conference was covered by C-SPAN . Notable speakers included Google Vice President and Chief Internal Evangelist Vint Cerf , U.S. Ambassador David Gross , U.S. Federal Communications Commission Commissioner Deborah Tate and Federal Trade Commission Chairman Deborah Platt Majoras . Sponsors for

135-536: A former Kennedy administration aide who had long championed completion of the Federal Triangle. There was some opposition to the idea from planning officials and others, who were dismayed at the loss of parking in the downtown area and who feared that the trade center's proposed 1,300 to 2,600 underground parking slots would not be built due to poor soil conditions. A bill was passed (almost unanimously) by Congress on August 7, 1987, to provide $ 362 million for

180-548: A gigantic rose with stem and a lily, both made out of cast aluminum and lying on stone pedestals. The second, by Washington, D.C. native Martin Puryear , is a Minimalist tower of brown welded metal titled "Bearing Witness", which stands in Woodrow Wilson Plaza. The third, located inside the building's atrium, is a multi-story neon installation by Keith Sonnier titled "Route Zenith". The structure's final cost

225-491: A later time. The decision to cancel the building was reversed on December 2, 1993, by the Clinton administration . Although the building was originally designed to be a major tourist destination and provide a boost to economic development in the downtown area, the building was repurposed to be a simple office building. Rather than a mix of federal and private renters, federal agencies were now scheduled to occupy 80 percent of

270-440: A means to circumvent a church or volunteer organization's adherence and obligations under Australian Work Health and Safety (WHS) law which does not apply to volunteer associations, only to businesses which employ paid staff. Ronald Reagan Building The Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center , named after former United States President Ronald Reagan , is located in downtown Washington, D.C. , and

315-664: A private civic organization which had been promoting the construction of a $ 200 million international trade center in the District of Columbia, advocated construction of its proposed building at Federal Triangle. Reagan administration officials favored the plan, and in October 1986 the proposal received the backing of the GSA. The idea received support from Democrats in Congress as well, especially from Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan ,

360-400: A reduction in the number of parking spaces to just 1,900, and the cost of the building's construction had risen to $ 738 million. The Ronald Reagan Building opened on May 5, 1998. President Bill Clinton and former First Lady Nancy Reagan dedicated the building. Three large pieces of artwork were included in the building. The first, by sculptor and Washington, D.C. native Stephen Robin, is

405-425: A stipend refers to the salary of a stipendiary minister, one who receives payment directly from the diocese (as opposed to other forms of disbursement such as free use of a house in return for clerical duties, known as house-for-duty). A self-supporting minister (previously termed a non-stipendiary minister) is therefore one who is licensed to perform clerical duties but without receiving any kind of payment from

450-440: Is often distinct from an income or a salary because it does not necessarily represent payment for work performed; instead it represents a payment that enables somebody to be exempt partly or wholly from waged or salaried employment in order to undertake a role that is normally unpaid or voluntary, or which cannot be measured in terms of a task (e.g. members of the clergy ). A paid judge in an English or Welsh magistrates' court

495-920: The Department of Commerce , EPA and GSA. Other tenants include the National Children's Museum , several retail shops and various commercial and nonprofit organizations. The conference center hosts over 1,200 events each year, including many of Washington's annual social galas such as the Washington International Trade Association 's Annual Dinner, and formerly including the Conservative Political Action Conference . The International Trade Center offers two large ballrooms, exhibition space, pre-function space, and other reception spaces. The outdoor, four-acre Woodrow Wilson Plaza

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540-896: The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation , Dr. Howard J. Schaffer, and Dr. Michael Rich from the Center on Media and Child Health . FOSI's 2011 Annual Conference, "Evaluate. Innovate. Collaborate. Strategies for Safe and Healthy Online Use" was held at the Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium in Washington, DC on November 9–10, 2011. The conference featured over 80 speakers, 26 exhibitors and more than 450 attendees from 13 different countries. Notable speakers included Dominican Republic Vice President Margarita Cedeño de Fernández , Dr. Edward Amoroso of AT&T , and Michael Altschul of CTIA – The Wireless Association . FOSI's 2010 Annual Conference, "Internet Freedom, Safety and Citizenship: A Global Call to Action"

585-622: The Nixon administration proposed building a $ 126 million office building on the lot in time for the national bicentennial in 1976. But this proposal was never seriously contemplated or funded. One outcome of the Nixon proposal was "the Weese Plan". The Nixon administration commissioned the architecture planning firm of Harry Weese & Associates to come up with a master plan for the continued development of Federal Triangle. The Master Plan, which

630-422: The U.S. Federal Communications Commission 's Josh Gottheimer , and Karen Cator. FOSI's 2009 Annual Conference, "Building a Culture of Responsibility: From Online Safety to Digital Citizenship," was held at the Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium in Washington, DC on November 4–5, 2009. The conference had 350 attendees, 80 speakers and 31 exhibitors from 15 countries. Technology writer and journalist, Larry Magid described

675-556: The diocese , but non-stipendiary ministers often receive reimbursement of expenses incurred in pursuit of their duties such as travel, postage, and telephone costs. Non-stipendiary ministers normally depend on secular employment or pensions for their income and are often unavailable for pastoral duties when they are fulfilling their obligations to their employer. Stipends can erode employee–employer relationship when used to hire junior teaching/research staff with lower pay and worse working conditions. In Australia, stipends may act as

720-470: The federal government between $ 18 million and $ 24 million a year. Although Pei Cobb Freed agreed to investigate design changes to make the project less costly, at least one member of Congress declared the project dead. In September 1990, the architectural team made changes, which cut $ 82 million from the cost of the building, including eliminating two theaters, scaling down the reception hall, using plaster rather than stone, substituting aluminum for bronze in

765-523: The Bush administration cancelled the international trade center construction project. Days later, a United States district court ruled that Delta Partnership had been chosen in violation of federal contracting guidelines, although the court also refused to overturn the award after finding no bias in the award process. Construction experts decried the decision, saying that the building's costs could balloon to more than $ 1.2 billion if construction were resumed at

810-413: The Bush administration was meddling in the project's design. Two days later, Eleanor Holmes Norton , delegate to Congress, repeated these charges. On January 19, 1992, even as the foundation for the trade center was being dug, the GSA said the building would not achieve financial self-sufficiency. A separate report commissioned by the Bush administration reached similar conclusions. On January 25, 1992,

855-723: The Conference include Verizon, AT&T, GSMA, RuleSpace, Crisp Thinking, Symantec, Google, Blue Coat, Comcast, CTIA, Microsoft, CompTIA, AOL and InternetSafety.com. In 2007, FOSI was created and subsumed the Internet Content Rating Association (ICRA) and its day-to-day operations. ICRA developed and implemented a content labeling system that allows webmasters to clearly and accurately label their websites. These labels identify content in accordance with criteria developed by an independent third party. In accordance with FOSI goals, ICRA does not serve to rate

900-599: The Federal City Council; Donald A. Brown, chair of the Federal City Council's International Center Task Force; Michael R. Garder, a member of the Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation ; and Judah C. Sommer, a local attorney. Groundbreaking on the now-$ 350 million building was scheduled for 1989, and completion in 1993. Disagreements broke out in mid-1988 over which federal agencies should take up residence in

945-543: The Post Office Department building's hemicycle). The preliminary design specs were criticized for not more clearly specifying the architectural style, for bringing another 10,000 new workers to Federal Triangle each day, and for reducing the required number of parking spaces by 30 percent to just 1,300. The five public members of the design committee were named on April 6, 1988, and were former Senator Charles H. Percy , chair; Harry McPherson , president of

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990-755: The Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center, in Washington DC. This year’s conference, being held on November 6 and 7, will bring together the top thinkers in online safety: academics, educators, law enforcement, industry, policy makers, and non-profits. FOSI's 2012 Annual Conference, "A Safer Internet For All" was held at the Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium in Washington, DC on November 14–15, 2012. The conference featured over 80 speakers, 20 exhibitors and more than 450 attendees from at least 14 different countries. Notable speakers included Karen Cator, Nancy Lublin , Constance M. Yowell of

1035-465: The building and lease it to the government. One of the firms that previously lost the contract for the building's construction subsequently challenged the bidding process. Significant cost increases led to the project being mothballed by the George H. W. Bush administration . The GSA refused to sign the draft lease, arguing that the building's rental costs were too high and would cost, rather than save,

1080-451: The building would revert to the government. The bill also required the building to be financially self-supporting within two years of its completion. The rental prices throughout the lease's term would remain stable. It was only the fifth time the government had signed a "lease-to-own" agreement. With 1.4 million square feet (130,000 m ) of office space and 500,000 square feet (46,000 m ) of space for trade center activities,

1125-442: The construction of an "International Cultural and Trade Center" on the parking lot at Federal Triangle. The plan was to provide office space for both the U.S. Departments of Justice and State . The legislation also provided that although the U.S. government would finance the building, a private developer would construct it. The federal government would lease space from the private developer for 30 years, after which ownership of

1170-529: The content of websites. ICRA provides the labeling system and encourages content providers to self-rate. In October 2010, the ICRA labeling engine was discontinued by FOSI. FOSI has withdrawn all support for the ICRA rating system and taken down all documentation for labeling websites with ICRA ratings. Stipend A stipend is a regular fixed sum of money paid for services or to defray expenses, such as for scholarship , internship , or apprenticeship . It

1215-470: The cost of the building at between $ 550 million and $ 800 million, far higher than the anticipated $ 350 million original price tag. The design committee picked the $ 738.3 million design submitted by Pei Cobb Freed & Partners in October 1989. A consortium, the Delta Partnership, led by New York City developer William Zeckendorf Jr. and Larry Silverstein , was chosen to build and operate

1260-646: The event as "a watershed moment in the 16-year history of online safety education." FOSI's 2008 Annual Conference, "Safe at Any Speed: Online Safety Tools, Rules and Public Policies", was held at the Newseum in Washington, DC on December 11, 2008. At the conference, FOSI made a series of recommendations for the new Obama Administration and called for: The conference included over 300 attendees from 4 continents, 11 countries, and featured 60 speakers on 11 expert panels and 22 exhibitors. FOSI held its inaugural annual conference "Rights and Responsibility: Child Protection in

1305-411: The existing Federal Triangle structures, be constructed of similar materials, emphasize pedestrian traffic, and have a "sympathetic" architectural style. An architectural model by the firms of Notter Finegold & Alexander , Mariani & Associates, and Bryant & Bryant depicted a building with a long, uninterrupted facade along 14th Street NW and two colonnaded hemicycles on the east side (matching

1350-516: The following month, in July 1996. Construction slipped further, and by January 1997 occupancy was scheduled for the following summer. Construction continued to fall behind schedule, with completion not expected until summer 1998. Federal officials nonetheless planned to move more than 480 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) employees into the building in July 1997. By this time, security concerns had led to several additional design changes, including

1395-423: The land in the 1920s, and it was to be part of the Federal Triangle redevelopment of the late 1920s and 1930s. Until development on the current building began, the area known as the "Great Plaza" was used as a massive downtown parking lot. In the 1960s and 1970s, efforts were under way to finish Federal Triangle by building a large office building on the site of the parking lot. The first effort came in 1972, when

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1440-517: The office space. By January 1995, the structure was two years behind schedule. By September 1995, a tentative occupancy date of December 1996 had been set. The building was named for former President Ronald Reagan in October 1995. There were still occasional design glitches. The GSA approved two major sculptures for the Woodrow Wilson Plaza in 1994, but were abruptly ordered to halt work on them in June 1996 before being ordered to proceed again on them

1485-564: The planned trade center would be larger than any other federally owned building except for The Pentagon . The bill also required that the trade center be "designed in harmony with historical and government buildings in the vicinity, ... reflect the symbolic importance and historic character of Pennsylvania Avenue and the Nation's Capital, and ... represent the dignity and stability of the Federal Government ." A nine-member panel

1530-534: The stipend. This type of stipend is temporary and normally lasts for less than a year. In the Catholic Church , a Mass Stipend is a payment made by members of the church, which is generally nominal, to a priest for saying a Mass that is not part of his normal course of work. It is considered simony to demand payment for a sacrament , and thus, stipends are seen as gifts. In the Church of England ,

1575-655: The structure, and whether they should be trade- or foreign-policy related. Seven designs were submitted in June 1989, each incorporating a base-middle-crown structure and enclosed in traditional materials, including a limestone facade, vertical glass windows, and terra-cotta roof tiles. Each design incorporated a new home for the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (a Smithsonian Institution entity), an outdoor memorial to President Woodrow Wilson , and exhibition and retail space. Construction began in mid-1989. Contractors estimated

1620-436: The time and funds to earn their academic degree (i.e. master's and doctoral degrees). Universities usually refer to money paid to graduate students as a stipend, rather than wages, to reflect complementary benefits. Stipends can be used to compensate interns at non-profit organizations , however they are discouraged to be used for volunteers as this may require that they be reported as employees and therefore tax paid on

1665-409: The trim, and reducing the size of interior doors, which reduced the building cost to $ 656 million. In January 1991, another design change came when the number of parking spaces at the building was increased by 12.6 percent to 2,500 spaces. But the changes did not resolve the controversies enveloping the project. Design committee member Donald A. Brown quit the committee in late 1991, complaining that

1710-536: Was $ 818 million. In early 2015, the GSA announced that the interior spaces of the Reagan Building had "reached the anticipated end of life cycle in nearly all areas of finishes, carpets, furniture, fixtures and equipment", and it began seeking contractors to extensively renovate the structure. In addition to CBP, AID and the Wilson Center, other federal agencies with offices in the building include

1755-610: Was established to approve any plans, and included the Secretaries of State, Agriculture , and Commerce; the Mayor of the District of Columbia ; and five members of the public. The building was expected to be completed in 1992. President Reagan signed the Federal Triangle Development Act into law on August 22, 1987. Preliminary design specifications required that the final building be no taller than

1800-466: Was formerly termed a " stipendiary magistrate ", as distinct from the unpaid " lay magistrates ". In 2000, these were respectively renamed " district judge " and " magistrate ". Stipends are usually lower than would be expected as a permanent salary for similar work. This is because the stipend is complemented by other benefits such as accreditation, instruction, food, and/or accommodation. Some graduate schools make stipend payments to help students have

1845-459: Was gradually implemented in piecemeal fashion over the next 15 years, although it still remained incomplete as of 1997. The General Services Administration (GSA) held a competition in 1982 to select a design for a 10-story office building to replace the parking lot, but planning bodies refused to approve the plan. Plans for construction of an office building on the Federal Triangle parking lot site found support in 1986. The Federal City Council ,

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1890-411: Was held at the Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium in Washington, DC on November 9–10, 2010. The conference had 400 attendees, 90 speakers and 31 exhibitors from 13 countries. Notable speakers included Microsoft's Peter Cullen , Tami Erwin of Verizon Wireless , Anna M. Gomez of National Cable & Telecommunications Association , United States Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women's Issues Melanne Verveer ,

1935-569: Was later called the Weese Plan, proposed a massive new federal office building on the parking lots of the Triangle and a new series of pedestrian paths throughout the complex, titled "Federal Walk". Federal Walk would not only be a network of sidewalks designed to showcase the architecture of Federal Triangle; it also included destinations such as spots for tourists to wait for tours of the interiors of each building, outdoor art, places for rest and contemplation, and cafes and restaurants. Federal Walk

1980-544: Was signed with investment banking firm Quarterdeck Investment Partners, Inc. The building hosts conferences, trade shows, cultural events, and outdoor concerts. Post-9/11 , security requirements for high-profile federal buildings has limited the amount of public access anticipated by the center's designers. The building is located near Federal Triangle station in Washington, D.C. , an area once heavily populated with saloons and brothels . The federal government purchased

2025-550: Was the first federal building in Washington designed for both governmental and private sector purposes. Each of the organizations located in the Pennsylvania Avenue building are dedicated to international trade and global relations. Organizations headquartered in this building include U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), and the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars . The first private sector lease

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