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35-648: For other uses, see Great Commandment . The First Commandment of the Ten Commandments may refer to: " I am the Lord thy God ", under the Talmudic division of the third-century Jewish Talmud " Thou shalt have no other gods before me ", under the Philonic division used by Hellenistic Jews and Protestants " Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image ", under

70-559: A theocracy , rather than a monarchy , although God is most commonly portrayed like a king. According to the Hebrew Bible, Moses was the leader of early Israel out of Egypt ; and traditionally the first five books of the Hebrew Bible are attributed to him, though most modern scholars believe there were multiple authors. The law attributed to Moses, specifically the laws set out in the books of Leviticus and Deuteronomy , as

105-634: A consequence came to be considered supreme over all other sources of authority (any king and/or his officials), and the Levites were the guardians and interpreters of the law. The Book of Deuteronomy ( Deuteronomy 31:24–26 ) records Moses saying, "Take this book of the law, and put it by the side of the Ark of the Covenant of the L ORD ." Similar passages referring to the Law include, for example, Exodus 17:14, "And

140-593: A lawyer, asked him a question to test him. "Teacher, which commandment in the law is the greatest?" He said to him, "'You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind.' This is the greatest and first commandment." In the Gospel of Mark, the first verse of the Shema Yisrael (which the first part of the Great Commandment refers to) is included: One of

175-459: A question to test him. "Teacher, which commandment in the law is the greatest?" He [Jesus] said to him, "'You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind.' This is the greatest and first commandment." Most Christian denominations consider these two commandments as, together, forming the core of the Christian religion . ... and one of them,

210-405: Is charitable with it, then be it [counted as] his atonement. And whoever governs not by what God has sent down: they are those [who are] the wrong-doers. And We followed up upon their footsteps Jesus the son of Mary verifying what was before him of the Law. And We gave him the Gospel ("Evangel"), wherein was guidance and light, verifying what was before him of the Law, a guidance and an admonition for

245-579: Is generally in relation to the New Testament where nomos "the Law" sometimes refers to all five books, including Genesis. This use of the Hebrew term "Torah" (law), for the first five books is considered misleading by 21st-century Christian bible scholar John Van Seters , because the Pentateuch "consists of about one half law and the other half narrative". The "Law of Moses" in ancient Israel

280-494: Is written in the law? What do you read there?" He answered, "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself." And he said to him, "You have given the right answer; do this, and you will live." Hear, O Israel : The Lord is our God, the Lord alone. You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your might. Matthew Henry sums up

315-518: The 613 commandments . The law given to Moses at Sinai (Hebrew Halakhah le-Moshe mi-Sinai הלכה למשה מסיני) is a halakhic distinction. Rabbinic Judaism asserts that Moses presented the laws to the Jewish people, and that the laws do not apply to Gentiles (including Christians), with the exception of the Seven Laws of Noah , which (it teaches) apply to all people. Orthodox Christians regard

350-756: The Book of Joshua 8:31–32 , where Joshua writes the Hebrew words of "Torat Moshe תֹּורַת מֹשֶׁה ‎" on an altar of stones at Mount Ebal . The text continues: And afterward he read all the words of the teachings, the blessings and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of the Torah. The term occurs 15 times in the Hebrew Bible , a further 7 times in the New Testament , and repeatedly in Second Temple period , intertestamental , rabbinical and patristic literature. The Hebrew word for

385-509: The Mosaic Law , is the law said to have been revealed to Moses by God . The term primarily refers to the Torah or the first five books of the Hebrew Bible . The Law of Moses or Torah of Moses (Hebrew: תֹּורַת מֹשֶׁה ‎, Torat Moshe , Septuagint Ancient Greek : νόμος Μωυσῆ , nómos Mōusē , or in some translations the "Teachings of Moses" ) is a biblical term first found in

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420-692: The "Book of the Law of Moses" is found in Joshua 8:30–31 . The content of the Law is spread among the books of Exodus , Leviticus , and Numbers , and then reiterated and added to in Deuteronomy . This includes: The content of the instructions and its interpretations, the Oral Torah, was passed down orally, excerpted and codified in Rabbinical Judaism , and in the Talmud were numbered as

455-522: The 2nd century BCE. In modern usage, Torah can refer to the first five books of the Tanakh, as the Hebrew Bible is commonly called, to the instructions and commandments found in the 2nd to 5th books of the Hebrew Bible, and also to the entire Tanakh and even all of the Oral Law as well. Among English-speaking Christians the term "The Law" can refer to the whole Pentateuch including Genesis , but this

490-498: The Augustinian division used by Roman Catholics and Lutherans Other uses [ edit ] The First Commandment (novel) , a 2007 novel by Brad Thor "The First Commandment" ( Stargate SG-1 ) , a television episode Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title First Commandment . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

525-534: The Covenant Code is "directly, primarily, and throughout dependent upon the Laws of Hammurabi", "a creative rewriting of Mesopotamian sources ... to be viewed as an academic abstraction rather than a digest of laws". Others posit indirect influence, such as via Aramaic or Phoenician intermediaries. There is consensus that the similarities are a result of inheriting common oral traditions. Another example,

560-543: The Israelite Sabbatical Year has antecedents in the Akkadian mesharum edicts granting periodic relief to the poor. An important distinction, however, is that in ancient Near East legal codes, as in more recently unearthed Ugaritic texts, an important, and ultimate, role in the legal process was assigned to the king. Ancient Israel, before the monarchical period beginning with David, was set up as

595-614: The Jewish folk. So did the Rabbis and religious scribes by what of the Scripture of God they were entrusted with and were witnesses to. So fear not the men but fear Me and trade not My verses (commandments) for a petty price [of this worldly life]. Whoever governs ("judges") not by what God has sent down: they are those [who are] the unbelievers. We ordained for them therein: life for life, eye for eye, nose for nose, ear for ear, tooth for tooth and an [equal] retribution [for] wounds. But whoever

630-459: The L ORD said unto Moses, Write this for a memorial in a book, and rehearse it in the ears of Joshua , that I will utterly blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven "; Exodus 24:4, "And Moses wrote all the words of the L ORD , and rose up early in the morning, and built an altar under the mount, and twelve pillars, according to the twelve tribes of Israel "; Exodus 34:27, "And the L ORD said unto Moses, Write thou these words, for after

665-536: The Law of Moses as still fully in effect but transformed and fulfilled in a number of ways. Other Christians believe that only parts dealing with the moral law (as opposed to ceremonial law) are still applicable , others believe that none apply , dual-covenant theologians believe that the Old Covenant remains valid only for Jews, and a minority have the view that all parts still apply to believers in Jesus and in

700-399: The Law of ancient Israel is recognised and well documented, for example, in principles such as lex talionis (" eye for an eye "), and in the content of the provisions. Some similarities are striking, such as in the provisions concerning a man-goring ox (Code of Hammurabi laws 250–252, Exodus 21:28–32). Some writers have posited direct influence: David P. Wright , for example, asserts that

735-507: The Law or Torah a total of eighteen times, and repeats commandments from it: How do they (the Jews) make you (Muhammad) judge when [they have] the Law ("Torah") with them, wherein are the commandments of God? Even then they turn away [from God], after all that. They are no believers. Indeed have We sent down the Law ("Torah"), wherein was guidance and light, by which the prophets, who submitted to God, used to govern ("judge") those who [now] are of

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770-648: The New Covenant without any transformation in their character. Hebrew Catholics believe that the Law of Moses is not obligatory for Christians, but yet beneficial to preserve the Jewish identity of those Jews who have become Catholic, and as a devotional. During the Enlightenment, European society transitioned from the religious traditional social order of the Middle Ages into the modern Age of Reason. Anti-semitism, once driven by religious conviction and

805-529: The biblical figures from the Old Testament and their adherence to religious law which he said operated in an authoritarian manner to regulate social and community behavior instead of a personal conscience that requires agency. Muslims believe Moses was one of the major prophets (and apostles) of God and the Law was one of the three major revealed scriptures known by name beside the Quran , which mentions

840-449: The first commandment, Jesus included the second commandment in his answer. This double reference has given rise to differing views with regard to the relationship that exists between the two commandments, although typically "love thy God" is referred to as "the first and greatest commandment", with "love thy neighbor" being referred to as "the second great commandment". It may simply reflect the " seven rules (Middot) of Hillel ", in this case

875-456: The first five books of the Hebrew Bible, Torah (which means "law" and was translated into Greek as "nomos" or "Law") refers to the same five books termed in English "Pentateuch" (from Latinised Greek "five books", implying the five books of Moses). According to some scholars, use of the name "Torah" to designate the "Five Books of Moses" of the Hebrew Bible is clearly documented only from

910-563: The first one, called Ḳal wa-ḥomer (Hebrew: קל וחומר). Most Christian denominations view the Great Commandment alongside the law to love one's neighbor as forming the core of the Christian religion. The second passage is considered to be a form of the Golden Rule . [REDACTED] Quotations related to Great Commandment at Wikiquote Law of Moses The Law of Moses ( Hebrew : תֹּורַת מֹשֶׁה Torat Moshe ), also called

945-417: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=First_Commandment&oldid=1023910085 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Great Commandment ... and one of them, a lawyer, asked him

980-536: The morning and evening prayers) observant Jews recite the Shema Yisrael , which contains the words: "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thine heart, with all thy soul, and with all thy might" (Deut. vi. 5). This verse is interpreted by Rabbi Even-Israel Steinsaltz to enjoin him to willingly surrender life and fortune whenever the cause of God demands it, while it at the same time urges him to make God beloved by all his creatures through deeds of kindness, as Abraham did (Sifre, Deut. 32). Although only asked about

1015-540: The persistent belief that Jews should be blamed for the death of Jesus, was reconfigured. The influence of Hebrew scripture and authoritarian ritual practice on Christian orthodoxy (including the Catholic Church ) became the basis for attacks on Church authority. Anti-Semitic polemic against the Mosaic Law became a common theme for many well-known Enlightenment philosophers. Pierre Bayle , a deist , criticized

1050-527: The priest-people, enjoined like the Aaronite priest to sanctify the name of God and avoid whatever tends to desecrate it (Lev. xxii. 32), is not only obliged to give his life as witness or martyr for the maintenance of the true faith (see Isa. xliii. 12, μάρτυρες; and Pesik. 102b; Sifra, Emor, ix.), but so to conduct himself in every way as to prevent the name of God from being dishonored by non-Israelites. Twice every day (during Shacharit and Maariv ,

1085-546: The question of which is the great commandment: It was a question disputed among the critics in the Law . Some would have the Law of Circumcision to be the Great Commandment, others the Law of the Sabbath , others the Law of Sacrifices , according as they severally stood affected, and spent their zeal; now they would try what Christ said to this question, hoping to incense the people against him, if he should not answer according to

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1120-501: The scribes came near and heard them disputing with one another, and seeing that he answered them well, he asked him, "Which commandment is the first of all?" Jesus answered, "The first is, 'Hear, O Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is one; you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.'" Just then a lawyer stood up to test Jesus. "Teacher," he said, "what must I do to inherit eternal life?" He said to him, "What

1155-516: The tenor of these words I have made a covenant with thee and with Israel"; and Leviticus 26:46 "These are the decrees, the laws and the regulations that the L ORD established on Mount Sinai between himself and the Israelites through Moses." The Book of Kings relates how a "law of Moses" was discovered in the Temple during the reign of king Josiah (r. 641–609 BCE). Another mention of

1190-572: The vulgar opinion; and if he should magnify one commandment, they would reflect on him as vilifying the rest . Adam Clarke , in his Commentary on the Bible , wrote: This is the first and great commandment. It is "first and greatest": "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God" is interpreted by Rabbi Adin Even-Israel Steinsaltz to mean "Act in such a manner that God will be beloved by all His creatures." Consequently, Israel , being, as

1225-555: Was different from other legal codes in the ancient Near East because transgressions were seen as offences against God rather than solely as offences against society (civil law). This contrasts with the Sumerian Code of Ur-Nammu (c. 2100–2050 BCE), and the Babylonian Code of Hammurabi (c. 1760 BCE, of which almost half concerns contract law ). However, the influence of the ancient Near Eastern legal tradition on

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