41-435: Flatrock may refer to: Flatrock, Newfoundland and Labrador , Canada Flatrock Township, Henry County, Ohio , United States See also [ edit ] Flat Rock (disambiguation) Flatrock Creek (disambiguation) Flatrock River [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with
82-436: A cross on the eastern wall of their house in order to indicate the eastward direction of prayer . Prayer in front of a crucifix, which is seen as a sacramental , is often part of devotion for Christians, especially those worshipping in a church, also privately. The person may sit, stand, or kneel in front of the crucifix, sometimes looking at it in contemplation, or merely in front of it with head bowed or eyes closed. During
123-521: A prison in England replaced its crucifix and static altar with a cross and portable altar when it was renovated as a multi-faith chapel. Right-leaning media reported that the crucifix had been removed "in case it offends Muslims". In 2008 in Spain, a local judge ordered crucifixes removed from public schools to settle a decades-old dispute over whether crucifixes should be displayed in public buildings in
164-477: A Catholic altar. Western crucifixes usually have a three-dimensional corpus , but in Eastern Orthodoxy Jesus' body is normally painted on the cross, or in low relief . Strictly speaking, to be a crucifix, the cross must be three-dimensional, but this distinction is not always observed. An entire painting of the crucifixion of Jesus including a landscape background and other figures is not
205-629: A cross or crucifix at their head. In the Eastern Orthodox Church , the crucifix is often placed above the iconostasis in the church. In the Russian Orthodox Church a large crucifix (" Golgotha ") is placed behind the Holy Table (altar). During Matins of Good Friday , a large crucifix is taken in procession to the center of the church, where it is venerated by the faithful. Sometimes the soma ( corpus )
246-694: A crucifix either. Large crucifixes high across the central axis of a church are known by the Old English term rood . By the Late Middle Ages these were a near-universal feature of Western churches, but they are now very rare. Modern Roman Catholic churches and many Lutheran churches often have a crucifix above the altar on the wall; for the celebration of Mass , the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church requires that "on or close to
287-642: A land area of 18.1 km (7.0 sq mi), it had a population density of 95.1/km (246.4/sq mi) in 2021. Crucifix A crucifix (from the Latin cruci fixus meaning '(one) fixed to a cross') is a cross with an image of Jesus on it, as distinct from a bare cross. The representation of Jesus himself on the cross is referred to in English as the corpus (Latin for 'body'). The crucifix emphasizes Jesus ' sacrifice, including his death by crucifixion , which Christians believe brought about
328-748: A non-confessional state. On 18 March 2011, the European Court of Human Rights ruled in the Lautsi v. Italy case, that the requirement in Italian law that crucifixes be displayed in classrooms of state schools does not violate the European Convention on Human Rights . Crucifixes are common in most other Italian official buildings, including courts of law . On 24 March 2011, the Constitutional Court of Peru ruled that
369-568: A number of additional monuments have been erected including: a lifesize statue of the crucifix , a statue of St. Michael , a statue of the Blessed Mother that is placed in the cave portion, a statue of St. Bernadette and it contains the fourteen Stations of the Cross which are frequently venerated by parishioners. As well, there as a number of memorial plaques placed throughout the grotto. The Our Lady of Loudes Grotto has also been voted
410-606: A parish priest with Holy Trinity in Torbay, and St. Agnes' in Pouch Cove. There is no Presbytery in Flatrock. However, they do exist in neighboring communities Torbay, Pouch Cove, and Portugal Cove. Our Lady of Lourdes Grotto is a religious shrine located outside of the parish church in Flatrock, founded in 1954 by Fr. William Sullivan after his return to the parish from Lourdes , France . Fr. Sullivan saw many similarities in
451-472: A piece of wood shaped to include the double-barred cross and perhaps the edge of Christ's hips and halo , and no background. More sculptural small crucifixes in metal relief are also used in Orthodoxy (see gallery examples), including as pectoral crosses and blessing crosses . Western crucifixes may show Christ dead or alive, the presence of the spear wound in his ribs traditionally indicating that he
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#1732787701495492-705: Is a Roman Catholic fishing town. The first settlers were Roman Catholic Irish fishermen and also Roman Catholics of French descent. About 95 per cent is Roman Catholic, 2.0% is Anglican Church of Canada , 1% United Church of Canada , or Methodist who attend the United Church in Pouch Cove, and 1% Presbyterian who attend St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church (The Kirk) in St. John's. The population of Protestants in Flatrock are from other communities in Newfoundland, having moved in from recent economic development. There
533-519: Is a town in Newfoundland and Labrador . The town had a population of 1,722 in the Canada 2021 Census . Most of the people in Flatrock are of Irish descent. There are some families who are descended from the few Norwegian settlers who came to Flatrock in the 19th century. Irish heritage is still strong today and can be seen in such things as religion, folkways, music, and dialect/accent. Flatrock
574-536: Is angled upward toward the penitent thief Saint Dismas (to the viewer's left) and downward toward the impenitent thief Gestas (to the viewer's right). The corpus of Eastern crucifixes is normally a two-dimensional or low relief icon that shows Jesus as already dead, his face peaceful and somber. They are rarely three-dimensional figures as in the Western tradition, although these may be found where Western influences are strong, but are more typically icons painted on
615-565: Is dead. In either case his face very often shows his suffering. In the Eastern Orthodox tradition he has normally been shown as dead since around the end of the period of Byzantine Iconoclasm . Eastern crucifixes have Jesus' two feet nailed side by side, rather than crossed one above the other, as Western crucifixes have shown them since around the 13th century. The crown of thorns is also generally absent in Eastern crucifixes, since
656-401: Is no evidence of any Protestant family settling in Flatrock other than Norwegian and some English families, who, as evidenced in the town's local history, soon converted to Catholicism. There is only one church, St Michael's Roman Catholic Church. This church as well as St Agnes' Roman Catholic Church in the neighbouring community of Pouch Cove , share the same parish. The Church currently shares
697-641: Is removable and is taken off the crucifix at Vespers that evening during the Gospel lesson describing the Descent from the Cross . The empty cross may then remain in the centre of the church until the Paschal vigil (local practices vary). The blessing cross which the priest uses to bless the faithful at the dismissal will often have the crucifix on one side and an icon of the Resurrection of Jesus on
738-679: Is what I have done for you, what will you do for me?". The Lutheran Churches retained the use of the crucifix, "justifying their continued use of medieval crucifixes with the same arguments employed since the Middle Ages, as is evident from the example of the altar of the Holy Cross in the Cistercian church of Doberan." Martin Luther did not object to them, and this was among his differences with Andreas Karlstadt as early as 1525. At
779-565: The Catholic Church which believes in his divinity . According to Christian tradition , Saint Peter was martyred by being crucified upside-down . In the Moravian Church , Nicolaus Zinzendorf had an experience in which he believed he encountered Jesus. Seeing a painting of a crucifix, Zinzendorf fell on his knees vowing to glorify Jesus after contemplating on the wounds of Christ and an inscription that stated "This
820-621: The Nehushtan . It was promised that those sinners who looked upon the Nehushtan would be healed. The section of Numbers about the Nehushtan is one of the readings on Exaltation of the Cross that occurs on September 14 in the Roman Catholic Church. It is paired with John 3:14–15 as the gospel reading. Taken together, these readings explain the striking front and center position of a large crucifix normally fixed above or behind
861-466: The redemption of mankind . Most crucifixes portray Jesus on a Latin cross , rather than a Tau cross or a Coptic cross . The crucifix is a principal symbol for many groups of Christians , and one of the most common forms of the Crucifixion in the arts . It is especially important in the Catholic Church , and is also used in the Eastern Orthodox Church , most Oriental Orthodox Churches except
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#1732787701495902-799: The "Most Psychedelic Spot" by the St. John's bi-weekly publication The Scope in 2007. As an Irish settlement, during the confederation debate of 1949, Flatrock had voted against confederation . To this day, Flatrock as an Irish settlement flies the Union Jack , the Irish Flag, and the traditional pink white and green flag of Newfoundland - as well as the American flag. A number of townsfolk would move to New England States and New York before Newfoundland joined Confederation to live with relatives. Some townsfolk had U.S. military service before confederation with Canada. Beárna na Gaoithe (Wind Gap) Road
943-664: The Armenian & Syriac Church, Lutheranism , and Anglicanism . The symbol is less common in churches of other Protestant denominations , and in the Assyrian Church of the East and Armenian Apostolic Church , which prefer to use a cross without the figure of Jesus (the corpus ). Roman Catholics see the crucifix as the perfect fulfillment of that inferred by the serpent created by Moses in Numbers 21 :8—9, called
984-406: The Middle Ages small crucifixes, generally hung on a wall, became normal in the personal cells or living quarters first of monks, then all clergy, followed by the homes of the laity , spreading down from the top of society as these became cheap enough for the average person to afford. Most towns had a large crucifix erected as a monument, or some other shrine at the crossroads of the town. Building on
1025-665: The Renaissance the "S"-shape is generally much less pronounced. Eastern Christian blessing crosses will often have the Crucifixion depicted on one side, and the Resurrection on the other, illustrating Eastern Orthodox theology 's understanding of the Crucifixion and Resurrection as two intimately related aspects of the same act of salvation. Another, symbolic, depiction shows a triumphant Christ ( Latin : Christus triumphans ), clothed in robes, rather than stripped as for his execution, with arms raised, appearing to rise up from
1066-542: The altar or near it, there is to be a cross, with the figure of Christ crucified upon it, a cross clearly visible to the assembled people. It is desirable that such a cross should remain near the altar even outside of liturgical celebrations, so as to call to mind for the faithful the saving Passion of the Lord." The requirement of the altar cross was also mentioned in pre-1970 editions of the Roman Missal , though not in
1107-428: The altar there is to be a cross with a figure of Christ crucified". The standard, four-pointed Latin crucifix consists of an upright post or stipes and a single crosspiece to which the sufferer's arms were nailed. There may also be a short projecting nameplate , showing the letters INRI (Greek: INBI). The Russian Orthodox crucifix usually has an additional third crossbar, to which the feet are nailed, and which
1148-435: The ancient custom, many Catholics, Lutherans and Anglicans hang a crucifix inside their homes and also use the crucifix as a focal point of a home altar . The wealthy erected proprietary chapels as they could afford to do this. Catholic (both Eastern and Western ), Eastern Orthodox , Oriental Orthodox , Anglican and Lutheran Christians generally use the crucifix in public religious services. They believe use of
1189-543: The cross, sometimes accompanied by "rays of light", or an aureole encircling his body. He may be robed as a prophet , crowned as a king , and vested in a stole as Great High Priest . On some crucifixes a skull and crossbones are shown below the corpus, referring to Golgotha ( Calvary ), the site at which Jesus was crucified, which the Gospels say means in Hebrew "the place of the skull." Medieval tradition held that it
1230-585: The crucifix is in keeping with the statement by Paul the Apostle in 1 Corinthians : "we preach Christ crucified, a stumbling block to Jews and folly to Gentiles, but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God". In the West, altar crosses and processional crosses began to be crucifixes in the 11th century, which became general around the 14th century, as they became cheaper. The Roman Rite requires that "either on
1271-457: The early 1620s when James' heir was seeking a Spanish marriage was the subject of rumour and close observation by both Catholics and Protestants; when the match fell through they disappeared. In 2005, a mother accused her daughter's school in Derby , England, of discriminating against Christians after the teenager was suspended for refusing to take off a crucifix necklace . In 2008, a chapel in
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1312-565: The emphasis is not on Christ's suffering, but on his triumph over sin and death. The S-shaped position of Jesus' body on the cross is a Byzantine innovation of the late 10th century, though also found in the German Gero Cross of the same date. Probably more from Byzantine influence, it spread elsewhere in the West, especially to Italy , by the Romanesque period, though it was more usual in painting than sculpted crucifixes. It
1353-459: The main road going through the town is known to come from settlers that came from WindGap areas of County Waterford and County Kilkenny in Ireland. (citation: NL Archives:The Rooms) In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Flatrock had a population of 1,722 living in 638 of its 675 total private dwellings, a change of 2.3% from its 2016 population of 1,683 . With
1394-530: The original 1570 Roman Missal of Pope Pius V . The Rite of Funerals says that the Gospel Book, the Bible, or a cross (which will generally be in crucifix form) may be placed on the coffin for a Requiem Mass , but a second standing cross is not to be placed near the coffin if the altar cross can be easily seen from the body of the church. Eastern Christian liturgical processions called crucessions include
1435-516: The other, the side with the Resurrection being used on Sundays and during Paschaltide , and the crucifix on other days. Exorcist Gabriele Amorth has stated that the crucifix is one of the most effective means of averting or opposing demons . In folklore, it is believed to ward off vampires , incubi , succubi , and other evils. Modern anti-Christians have used an inverted (upside-down) crucifix when showing disdain for Jesus Christ or
1476-483: The same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flatrock&oldid=887907120 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Flatrock, Newfoundland and Labrador Flatrock
1517-473: The terrain in Lourdes to that of his church in Flatrock, and saw that it would be a great opportunity to take advantage of this land. It is to date the largest religious grotto east of Montreal and has been visited by Pope John Paul II on September 12, 1984, where it received a special blessing from him. The grotto has been designed by Michael Curtis of the nearby city of St. John's. Since its inception,
1558-715: The time of the Reformation , Luther retained the crucifix in the Lutheran Church and they remain the center of worship in Lutheran parishes across Europe. In the United States, however, Lutheranism came under the influence of Calvinism, and the plain cross came to be used in many churches. In contrast to the practice of the Moravian Church and Lutheran Churches, the early Reformed Churches rejected
1599-650: The use of the crucifix, and indeed the unadorned cross, along with other traditional religious imagery, as idolatrous. Calvin , considered to be the father of the Reformed Church, was strongly opposed to both cross and crucifix. In England, the Royal Chapels of Elizabeth I were most unusual among local churches in retaining crucifixes, following the Queen's conservative tastes. These disappeared under her successor, James I , and their brief re-appearance in
1640-574: Was in Italy that the emphasis was put on Jesus' suffering and realistic details, during a process of general humanization of Christ favored by the Franciscan order . During the 13th century the suffering Italian model ( Christus patiens ) triumphed over the traditional Byzantine one ( Christus gloriosus ) anywhere in Europe also due to the works of artists such as Giunta Pisano and Cimabue . Since
1681-617: Was the burial-place of Adam and Eve , and that the cross of Christ was raised directly over Adam's skull, so many crucifixes manufactured in Catholic countries still show the skull and crossbones below the corpus. Very large crucifixes have been built, the largest being the Cross in the Woods in Michigan, with a 31 feet (9.4 m) high statue. In the early Church , many Christians hung