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27-645: Franciacorta ( Italian pronunciation: [frantʃaˈkorta] ) is a historical region in the Province of Brescia , Lombardy , Italy , with a population of around 158,249. It is known for its wine production and includes world-famous producers such as Berlucchi , Bellavista and Ca' del Bosco . The name Franciacorta appears for the first time in 1277. It derives from the Italian “corti franche,” which were medieval villages exempt from tax or levies. Franciacorta extends from Mount Orfano (height: 451 m) in

54-601: A cultural , ethnic , linguistic or political basis, regardless of latter-day borders. There are some historical regions that can be considered as "active", for example: Moravia , which is held by the Czech Republic , is both a recognized part of the country as well as a historical region. They are used as delimitations for studying and analysing social development of period -specific cultures without any reference to contemporary political, economic or social organisations. The fundamental principle underlying this view

81-537: A military strategist , Alfred Thayer Mahan , to refer to the area of the Persian Gulf . This article about geography terminology is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Denominazione di origine controllata The following four classifications of wine constitute the Italian system of labelling and legally protecting Italian wine : The system was introduced in 1963 shortly after

108-481: A DOCG identification arose when the DOC designation was, in the view of many Italian food industries, given too liberally to different products. A new, more restrictive identification was then created as similar as possible to the previous one so that buyers could still recognize it, but qualitatively different. The three original DOCGs were Brunello di Montalcino , Vino Nobile di Montepulciano , and Barolo , all approved by

135-631: A presidential decree in July 1980, followed by Barbaresco three months later. For wines produced in Bolzano, where German is an official language, DOCG may be written as Kontrollierte und garantierte Ursprungsbezeichnung . For wines produced in the Aosta Valley, where French is an official language, DOCG may be written as Dénomination d'origine contrôlée et garantie . In 2010–2011 many new DOCG classifications were created or elevated from DOC, in

162-571: Is an official language, kontrollierte Ursprungsbezeichnung , as well as in the Aosta Valley , where French is an official language, dénomination d'origine contrôlée . Denominazione di origine controllata e garantita is intended to be a superior classification to DOC, and is the highest classification in Italy. All DOCG wines from each producer are analysed and tasted by a government-licensed judgement panel before being bottled. Once approved,

189-595: Is generally the required precondition for the emergence of a regional identity . In Europe, regional identities are often derived from the Migration Period but for the contemporary era are also often related to the territorial transformations that followed World War I and those that followed the Cold War . Some regions are entirely invented, such as the Middle East , which was popularised in 1902 by

216-650: Is mild and constant due to its location in the southern foothills of the Alps and the tempering presence of large lakes. The Franciacorta territory extends on the surface of the following municipalities all located in the province of Brescia: Adro , Capriolo , Castegnato , Cazzago San Martino , Cellatica , Coccaglio , Cologne , Corte Franca , Erbusco , Gussago , Iseo , Monticelli Brusati , Ome , Paderno Franciacorta , Paratico , Passirano , Provaglio d'Iseo , Rodengo-Saiano and Rovato . The area, mostly hilly and once strewn with woods, has recently been transformed by

243-403: Is produced in three types: Franciacorta, Franciacorta Satèn and Franciacorta Rosé. In addition to these, Millesimato and Riserva , which require longer ageing, are also produced. Franciacorta has also two other DOC denominations: a white wine and a red wine. There are over one hundred wineries, some of which are located in buildings of artistic and architectural interest. Most of them are open to

270-736: Is seen to be a higher quality wine than vino da tavola ('table wine'). The denominazione di origine controllata classification was created to be roughly equivalent to the French appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC). It requires that a wine satisfy a defined quality standard and be produced within the specified region . Unlike IGT, the DOC definitions will usually specify additional more stringent rules regarding permitted grape varieties, harvest yields, minimum ageing including use of barrels, minimum alcohol content, and other factors. Wines labelled DOC or DOCG must be sold in bottles holding no more than 5 litres (170 US fl oz). Historically

297-452: Is that older political and mental structures exist which exercise greater influence on the spatial-social identity of individuals than is understood by the contemporary world, bound to and often blinded by its own worldview - e.g. the focus on the nation-state. Definitions of regions vary, and regions can include macroregions such as Europe , territories of traditional sovereign states or smaller microregional areas . Geographic proximity

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324-710: The Treaty of Rome established Italy as a founding member of the European Economic Community , and was modelled on the extant French appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) laws. It was overhauled in 1992 to match new European Union law on protected designation of origin , introducing the more general denominazione di origine protetta (DOP) designation for foods and agricultural products, including wines. Further EU reforms to harmonise agricultural policy in 2008 meant that designations used in member states, and thus Italian designations, were registered with

351-533: The World RX of Italy and the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series . The vineyards of Franciacorta were planted in ancient times, as witnessed by the grape seeds from prehistoric times and the archaeological material found throughout the territory. There are also other testimonies of classical authors such as Plinio and Columella a Virgilio. Through historiographical evidences, it is possible to trace

378-643: The DOC status has been used to classify other food products such as cheeses, olive oil and vinegar, but the denominazione di origine protetta (DOP) is now used instead. Since the 2008 EU reforms, both the DOC and DOCG wine classifications are protected in the EU as protected designation of origin (PDO), which in Italy generally is indicated in Italian: denominazione di origine protetta (DOP). They may however still be referred to as DOC/DOCG, or in Bolzano , where German

405-412: The EU by the end of 2011, with subsequent new denominations or elevations approved by the EU. Indicazione geografica tipica was created in 1992 to recognize the unusually high quality of the class of wines known as Super Tuscans , and to be broadly equivalent to the French vin de pays designation, official in Italy's Aosta Valley , where French is an official language. IGT wines are labelled with

432-584: The castle of Passirano and the Romanesque church of Provaglio d'Iseo. The area has been inhabited since Palaeolithic times with archaeological records left by Gauls — the Cenomani of Brixia (modern Brescia ), Romans and Lombards . The name Franciacorta, appears for the first time in 1277. It derives from the Italian “corti franche,” which were medieval villages exempt from tax or levies. The Franciacorta racetrack opened in 2006 and has hosted

459-577: The facade of the palace of Monte di Pietà della Loggia. Despite boasting a long history, the new course of viticulture of Franciacorta began in all respects at the beginning of the 1960s with the birth of the first wineries. At the end of the 1970s, Italian oenology experienced a period of great ferment and in Franciacorta, several entrepreneurs invested and focused on the cultivation of vineyards. In fact, even today many wineries that produce Franciacorta have been founded by entrepreneurs from Brescia and

486-475: The global crisis. In fact, no further major growth developments are expected in the coming years. The slowdown is also due to some choices of the consortium Franciacorta aimed at not creating an excess of supply in order to safeguard the producers currently present on the territory. In 1995 Franciacorta was assigned the first refermented in Italian bottle with the denomination DOCG. This is obtained from Chardonnay and/or Pinot Noir and/or Pinot Blanc grapes and

513-454: The locality of their creation, but do not meet the requirements of the stricter DOC or DOCG designations, which are generally intended to protect traditional wine formulations such as Chianti or Barolo . Since 2008 both IGT and vin de pays are equivalent to the EU protected geographical indication (PGI) designation, and many producers have switched to using the Italian translation, Indicazione geografica protetta (IGP). This classification

540-665: The passage of different peoples: the Cenomani Gauls, the Romans and the Lombards. The most abundant material is the Roman one and consists mainly of commemorative funeral inscriptions and military stones. Also, some places' names and localities' names, such as Cazzago and Gussago, come from Roman courtesy. The most valuable archaeological resource is the temple architrave (from Erbusco) which was brought to Brescia and then walled in

567-605: The planting of many vineyards. The local authorities are committed to safeguarding the landscape and conserving it both from the physical side and from the historical and cultural points of view. In fact, there are numerous architectural ancient testimonies such as monasteries, churches, abbeys, villas and castles of the Middle Ages . Rodengo is home to a Cluniac foundation, the Abbey of St. Nicholas, which has been inhabited by Olivetan monks since 1446. Other places of interest are

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594-470: The province. Afterwards, the growth has been very fast until today's Franciacorta fame, a national point of reference for the wine's production with the classic method. The production and marketing of bubbles has become increasingly important in the last twenty years, to boast the DOCG brand and be known in the wine world for the high quality achieved. The name "Franciacorta" has over time become synonymous with

621-417: The public, so the visitor can learn about the methods of wine production, participate in tastings and buy the product. To promote enotourism , the district established the " Strada del Vino Franciacorta" on the model of the famed German Wine Route ( Weinstraße ) in 2001. Historical region Historical regions (or historical areas ) are geographical regions which, at some point in history, had

648-467: The rush to register them before the EU reform deadline. This has had the effect of potentially diluting the importance of the DOCG classification. Italian legislation additionally regulates the use of qualifying terms for wines. Classico ('classic') is reserved for wines produced in the region where a particular type of wine has been produced "traditionally". For Chianti Classico , this traditional region

675-427: The same DOCG sparkling wine produced in the many vineyards of the area. Since July 2008, with the publication of the new specification, the name of the DOC "Terre di Franciacorta", used for red and white still wines, has been replaced with Curtefranca . Today the area is just over two thousand hectares. Its increase pace, which was considerable in the first decade of the 2000s, has now slowed sharply partly because of

702-406: The southwest area to the shores of Lake Iseo in the north, and from the river Oglio in the western border to the city of Brescia in the eastern one. The physical conformation characterised by rolling hills was shaped by glacial action. The soil, composed of glacial moraines consisting of gravel and sand over limestone , is ideal for the cultivation of grapes and winemaking . The weather

729-449: The wines are "guaranteed" with a numbered governmental seal across the cap or cork, to prevent later manipulation. Where the DOCG classification represents a refinement of an existing DOC wine, the rules for the DOCG wine usually require more stringent quality controls. These controls are usually some combination of a lower proportion of blending grapes, lower yields, higher minimum alcohol, longer ageing requirements, and so on. The need for

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