Misplaced Pages

#464535

53-585: French Council may refer to: French Council of the Muslim Faith , a non-profit group created in 2003, made up of 25 Regional Councils of the Muslim Faith French Economic, Social and Environmental Council , formerly French Economic and Social Council, a consultative assembly Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

106-470: A 3.2% margin. After leaving the presidential office, Sarkozy vowed to retire from public life before coming back in 2014 and being reelected as UMP leader (renamed The Republicans in 2015). Being defeated at the Republican presidential primary in 2016, he retired from public life. He was charged with corruption by French prosecutors in two cases, notably concerning the alleged Libyan interference in

159-530: A Moldovan father), when he officiated at her wedding to television host Jacques Martin . In 1988, she left her husband for Sarkozy, and divorced one year later. She and Sarkozy married in October 1996, with witnesses Martin Bouygues and Bernard Arnault . They have one son, Louis, born 23 April 1997. Between 2002 and 2005, the couple often appeared together on public occasions, with Cécilia Sarkozy acting as

212-485: A controversial bill known as DADVSI , which reforms French copyright law . Since his party was divided on the issue, Sarkozy stepped in and organised meetings between various parties involved. Later, groups such as the Odebi League and EUCD.info alleged that Sarkozy personally and unofficially supported certain amendments to the law, which enacted strong penalties against designers of peer-to-peer systems. Sarkozy

265-590: A group of Muslim students who wanted to see the change throughout France and better their ways of life in their country. Nicolas Sarkozy , then interior minister, lead the efforts to establish the council in 2003. The stated purpose of the council was to better communicate the wants of all Muslims in France to the French government. Nicolas Sarkozy is the man who officially established the French Council for

318-476: A month after separating from Cécilia, Sarkozy met Italian-born singer, songwriter and former fashion model Carla Bruni at a dinner party, and soon entered into a relationship with her. They married on 2 February 2008 at the Élysée Palace in Paris. The couple have a daughter, Giulia, born on 19 October 2011. It was the first time a French president has publicly had a child while in office. Sarkozy declared to

371-521: A private Catholic school in the 17th arrondissement, where he was reportedly a mediocre student, but where he nonetheless obtained his baccalauréat in 1973. Sarkozy enrolled at the Université Paris X Nanterre , where he graduated with an M.A. in private law and, later, with a D.E.A. degree in business law. Paris X Nanterre had been the starting place for the May '68 student movement and

424-413: A radical form of any religion. France, along with other parts of the world, set Muslims apart from the rest and treated them as if they were "others." This led to a lot of mistreatment and discrimination in the country of France. As the population of Muslims started to grow in France, the people felt that they should be better represented. The French Council of the Muslim Faith was originally configured by

477-480: A reform of the immigration system, with quotas designed to admit the skilled workers needed by the French economy. He also wanted to reform the current French system for foreign students, saying that it enabled foreign students to take open-ended curricula in order to obtain residency in France; instead, he wanted to select the best students to the best curricula in France. In early 2006, the French parliament adopted

530-569: The Constitutional Council a net worth of €2 million, most of the assets being in the form of life insurance policies. As the French President, one of his first actions was to give himself a pay raise: his yearly salary went from €101,000 to €240,000, matching other European officeholders. He is also entitled to a mayoral, parliamentarian and presidential pension as a former Mayor of Neuilly-sur-Seine, member of

583-528: The RAID , who entered the school stealthily while the attacker was resting. At the same time, from 1993 to 1995, he was Minister for the Budget and spokesman for the executive in the cabinet of Prime Minister Édouard Balladur . Throughout most of his early career, Sarkozy had been seen as a protégé of Jacques Chirac . During his tenure, he increased France's public debt more than any other French Budget Minister, by

SECTION 10

#1732766146465

636-661: The Russo-Georgian War (for which he negotiated a ceasefire), and the Arab Spring (especially in Tunisia , Libya , and Syria ). He initiated the reform of French universities (2007) and the pension reform (2010). He married Italian-French singer-songwriter Carla Bruni in 2008 at the Élysée Palace in Paris. In the 2012 French presidential election , Sarkozy was defeated by the PS candidate François Hollande by

689-435: The bar , Sarkozy became a lawyer specializing in business and family law and was one of Silvio Berlusconi 's French lawyers. Sarkozy married his first wife, Marie-Dominique Culioli, on 23 September 1982, with prominent right-wing politician Charles Pasqua serving as best man. (Pasqua later became a political opponent.) Culioli's father was a pharmacist from Vico (a village north of Ajaccio Corsica); her uncle

742-439: The Île-de-France région immediately west of Paris. According to Sarkozy, his staunchly Gaullist grandfather was more of an influence on him than his father, whom he rarely saw. Sarkozy was raised Catholic. Sarkozy said that being kept at a distance by his father shaped much of who he is today. He also has said that, in his early years, he felt inferior in relation to his wealthier and taller classmates. He has spoken about

795-461: The 2007 French elections . In 2021, Sarkozy was convicted of corruption in two separate trials. His first conviction resulted in him receiving a sentence of three years, two suspended, and one in prison; he appealed against the ruling. He received a one-year sentence for his second conviction, which he is allowed to serve under home confinement. In May 2023, Sarkozy lost an appeal to his corruption conviction. In February 2024, his one-year sentence for

848-522: The French Muslim community had a lack of structure with no group that could legitimately deal with the French government on their behalf. Sarkozy supported the foundation in May 2003 of the private non-profit Conseil français du culte musulman ("French Council of the Muslim Faith"), an organisation meant to be representative of French Muslims. In addition, Sarkozy has suggested amending the 1905 law on

901-400: The French had been misled for 30 years by false promises. Among other issues: Such policies are what are called in France libéral (that is, in favour of laissez-faire economic policies) or, with a pejorative undertone, ultra-libéral . Sarkozy rejects this label of libéral and prefers to call himself a pragmatist. Sarkozy opened another avenue of controversy by declaring that he wanted

954-630: The Interior and as Minister of Finances . He was the leader of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) party from 2004 to 2007. He won the 2007 French presidential election by a 53.1% to 46.9% margin against Ségolène Royal , the Socialist Party (PS) candidate. During his term, he faced the financial crisis of 2007–2008 , the late-2000s recession , and the European sovereign debt crisis ,

1007-588: The Interior pushed through new legislation leading to the mass purchase of speed cameras and a campaign to increase the awareness of dangers on the roads. In the cabinet reshuffle of 30 April 2004, Sarkozy became Finance Minister. Tensions continued to build between Sarkozy and Chirac and within the UMP party, as Sarkozy's intentions of becoming head of the party after the resignation of Alain Juppé became clear. In party elections of 10 November 2004, Sarkozy became leader of

1060-565: The Muslim Faith While CFCM has no special legal standing, it is the de facto representative of the French Muslims before the national government. Nicolas Sarkozy , who was then Minister of the Interior , supported the creation of CFCM. The group includes other organizations, such as the Union of Islamic Organisations of France (UOIF). It is presumed that Sarkozy desired to have some "official" representative of

1113-475: The Muslim Faith. "Pour lutter contre le danger d’un Islam des caves et garages," or, "To fight against the danger of an Islam of basements and garages." People in the country of France had been wanting to bring together Islamic France and The French Government for many years prior, and Sarkozy felt this action was necessary in order to protect the views of the Muslim religion that had been quickly diminishing due to

SECTION 20

#1732766146465

1166-559: The Muslim community, in the same manner as there exist "official" representatives of the Jewish, Catholic, and Protestant faiths. Critics allege that, in virtue of laïcité , there was no need to give official representation to a religious group, which led to communautarisme . They further note that most people of Muslim culture in France are not well represented by such religious institutions. Newspapers like Le Canard enchaîné or Charlie Hebdo have stressed that Sarkozy appeared to favour

1219-577: The National Assembly and President of France. Sarkozy is recognized by French parties on both the Right and Left as a skilled politician and striking orator . His supporters within France emphasize his charisma , political innovation and willingness to "make a dramatic break" amid mounting disaffection against "politics as usual". Overall, he is considered more pro-American and pro-Israeli than most French politicians. From 2004 to 2007, Sarkozy

1272-492: The Saint-François-de-Sales church, 17th arrondissement of Paris , on 8 February 1950, and divorced in 1959. During Sarkozy's childhood, his father founded his own advertising agency and became wealthy. The family lived in a mansion owned by Sarkozy's maternal grandfather, Benedict Mallah, in the 17th arrondissement of Paris. The family later moved to Neuilly-sur-Seine , one of the wealthiest communes of

1325-524: The UMP with 85% of the vote. In accordance with an agreement with Chirac, he resigned as Finance Minister. Sarkozy's ascent was marked by the division of UMP between sarkozystes , such as Sarkozy's "first lieutenant", Brice Hortefeux , and Chirac loyalists, such as Jean-Louis Debré . Sarkozy was made Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur (Knight of the Legion of Honour ) by President Chirac in February 2005. He

1378-776: The UOIF. Considered ineffective and following an internal split, the CFCM was dismissed in early 2023 by the decision of Emmanuel Macron, who preferred the French Forum of Islam. [1] . The Council of the Muslim Faith was originally created to help Islamic France to be better represented and to help regulate things that go along with the religion. The council is in charge of regulating things such as halal meat, holidays, and mosque construction in France. They strive to make sure Muslims have somewhere to pray toward mecca, somewhere their children can learn more about their religion, and also to bring

1431-644: The campaign finance conviction was revised so he would instead serve six months in prison and six months suspended. Sarkozy was born in Paris and is the son of Pál István Ernő Sárközy de Nagy-Bócsa ( Hungarian : nagybócsai Sárközy Pál ; [ˈnɒɟboːt͡ʃɒi ˈʃaːrkøzi ˈpaːl] —in some sources Nagy-Bócsay Sárközy Pál István Ernő ; 5 May 1928 – 4 March 2023), a Protestant Hungarian aristocrat , and Andrée Jeanne "Dadu" Mallah (12 October 1925 – 12 December 2017), whose Ottoman Greek Jewish grandfather converted to Catholicism to marry Sarkozy's French Catholic maternal grandmother. They were married in

1484-681: The chief aide for her husband. On 25 May 2005, however, the Swiss newspaper Le Matin revealed that she had left Sarkozy for Moroccan national Richard Attias , head of Publicis in New York. There were other accusations of a private nature in Le Matin , which led to Sarkozy suing the paper. In the meantime, he was said to have had an affair with a journalist of Le Figaro , Anne Fulda . Sarkozy and Cécilia ultimately divorced on 15 October 2007, soon after his election as president. Less than

1537-554: The difficulties he faced as a child of divorced parents at a time when divorce was uncommon. "What made me who I am now is the sum of all the humiliations suffered during childhood", he said later. Sarkozy was enrolled in the Lycée Chaptal , a well regarded public middle and high school in Paris' 8th arrondissement , where he failed his sixième . His family then sent him to the Cours Saint-Louis de Monceau ,

1590-505: The economy) or more traditional French state dirigisme (intervention) is controversial. He resigned the day following his election as president of the UMP . During his second term at the Ministry of the Interior, Sarkozy was initially more discreet about his ministerial activities: instead of focusing on his own topic of law and order, many of his declarations addressed wider issues, since he

1643-557: The election, Sarkozy lost his position as Minister for the Budget, and found himself outside the circles of power. However, he returned after the right-wing defeat at the 1997 parliamentary election , as the number two candidate of the RPR. When the party leader Philippe Séguin resigned, in 1999, he took the leadership of the Neo-Gaullist party. But it obtained its worst result at the 1999 European Parliament election , winning 12.7% of

French Council - Misplaced Pages Continue

1696-510: The equivalent of €200 billion (US$ 260 billion) (FY 1994–1996). The first two budgets he submitted to the parliament (budgets for FY1994 and FY1995) assumed a yearly budget deficit equivalent to six percent of GDP. According to the Maastricht Treaty , the French yearly budget deficit may not exceed three percent of France's GDP. In 1995, he spurned Chirac and backed Édouard Balladur for President of France . After Chirac won

1749-611: The members of the government were officially announced. Towards the end of his first term as Minister of the Interior, in 2004, Sarkozy was the most divisive conservative politician in France, according to polls conducted at the beginning of 2004. Sarkozy has sought to ease the sometimes tense relationships between the general French population and the Muslim community . Unlike the Catholic Church in France with their official leaders or Protestants with their umbrella organisations,

1802-554: The national and local governments, as well as Minister of Worship : in this role he created the French Council of the Muslim Faith (CFCM). Previously, he was a député in the French National Assembly . He was forced to resign this position in order to accept his ministerial appointment. He previously also held several ministerial posts, including Finance Minister . Sarkozy's political career began when he

1855-457: The negative stigmas against the believers that have been circulating the internet. Due to the recent terrorist attacks against France, there has been tension among the people, many of whom now feel uneasy in the presence of Muslim worshippers. A new branch of the FCMF, theological plane, was created in order to try and spread the word that the people committing these crimes are not representative of

1908-551: The office of mayor. He was the youngest mayor of any town in France with a population of over 50,000. He served from 1983 to 2002. In 1988, he became a deputy in the National Assembly . In 1993, Sarkozy was in the national news for personally negotiating with the "Human Bomb", a man who had taken small children hostages in a kindergarten in Neuilly . The "Human Bomb" was killed after two days of talks by policemen of

1961-437: The other believers. Nicolas Sarkozy This is an accepted version of this page Defunct Defunct Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa ( / s ɑːr ˈ k oʊ z i / sar- KOH -zee ; French: [nikɔla pɔl stefan saʁkɔzi də naʒi bɔksa] ; born 28 January 1955) is a French politician who served as the president of France and co-prince of Andorra from 2007 to 2012. In 2021, he

2014-475: The population together. The council is not a political party, rather a way for the Muslim citizens to have their ideas heard and make sure they are represented when it comes to governmental decisions. The CFCM also seeks to dilute the discrimination against Muslims in Europe, most specifically France. They look to educate those who affiliate radical Muslims with the entire Muslim faith, showing them that there can be

2067-523: The recent terroristic attacks. Tareq Oubrou is an imam from the Bordeaux, a city in Southern France. He is known for his progressive and liberal views and was brought in at the creation of another branch of the council, the theological panel. The council brought this section to life in order to more thoroughly represent the various branches of Islam practiced in France, as well as to help squash

2120-452: The riots, Sarkozy first blamed it on "hoodlums" and gangsters. These remarks were sharply criticised by many on the left wing and by a member of his own government, Delegate Minister for Equal Opportunities Azouz Begag . After the rioting, he made a number of announcements on future policy: selection of immigrants, greater tracking of immigrants, and a reform on the 1945 ordinance government justice measures for young delinquents. Before he

2173-437: The separation of Church and State , mostly in order to be able to finance mosques and other Muslim institutions with public funds so that they are less reliant on money from outside France. It was not followed by any concrete measure. During his short appointment as Minister of Finance , Sarkozy was responsible for introducing a number of policies. The degree to which this reflected libéralisme (a hands-off approach to running

French Council - Misplaced Pages Continue

2226-461: The title French Council . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Council&oldid=697311090 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages French Council of

2279-552: The votes, less than the dissident Rally for France of Charles Pasqua. Sarkozy lost the RPR leadership. In 2002, however, after his re-election as President of the French Republic (see 2002 French presidential election ), Chirac appointed Sarkozy as Minister of the Interior in the cabinet of Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin , despite Sarkozy's support of Edouard Balladur for President in 1995. Following Chirac's 14 July keynote speech on road safety, Sarkozy as Minister of

2332-436: The votes. Of the 327,000 UMP members who could vote, 69 percent participated in the online ballot. In February 2007, Sarkozy appeared on a televised debate on TF1 where he expressed his support for affirmative action and the freedom to work overtime. Despite his opposition to same-sex marriage , he advocated civil unions and the possibility for same-sex partners to inherit under the same regime as married couples. The law

2385-577: Was Achille Peretti , the mayor of Neuilly-sur-Seine from 1947 to 1983 and Sarkozy's political mentor. They had two sons, Pierre (born in 1985), now a hip-hop producer, and Jean (born in 1986), now a local politician in the city of Neuilly-sur-Seine where Sarkozy started his own political career. Sarkozy divorced Culioli in 1996, after they had been separated for several years. As mayor of Neuilly-sur-Seine , Sarkozy met former fashion model and public relations executive Cécilia Ciganer-Albéniz (great-granddaughter of composer Isaac Albéniz and daughter of

2438-589: Was 23, when he became a city councillor in Neuilly-sur-Seine . A member of the Neo-Gaullist party RPR, he went on to be elected mayor of that town, after the death of the incumbent mayor Achille Peretti . Sarkozy had been close to Peretti, as his mother was Peretti's secretary. A more senior RPR councillor, Charles Pasqua , wanted to become mayor, and asked Sarkozy to organize his campaign. Instead Sarkozy took that opportunity to propel himself into

2491-434: Was a likely candidate for the presidency in 2007; in an oft-repeated comment made on television channel France 2 , when asked by a journalist whether he thought about the presidential election when he shaved in the morning, Sarkozy commented, "Not just when I shave". On 14 January 2007, Sarkozy was chosen by the UMP to be its candidate in the 2007 presidential election. Sarkozy, who was running unopposed, won 98 percent of

2544-593: Was elected President of France, Sarkozy was president of UMP , the French conservative party, elected with 85 percent of the vote. During his presidency, the number of members increased significantly. In 2005, he supported a "yes" vote in the French referendum on the European Constitution , but the "No" vote won. Throughout 2005, Sarkozy called for radical changes in France's economic and social policies. These calls culminated in an interview with Le Monde on 8 September 2005, during which he claimed that

2597-494: Was expressing his opinions as head of the UMP party. However, the civil unrest in autumn 2005 put law enforcement in the spotlight again. Sarkozy was accused of having provoked the unrest by calling young delinquents from housing projects a "rabble" (" racaille ") in Argenteuil near Paris, and controversially suggested cleansing the minority suburbs with a Kärcher . After the accidental death of two youths, which sparked

2650-580: Was found guilty of having tried to bribe a judge in 2014 to obtain information and spending beyond legal campaign funding limits during his 2012 re-election campaign. Born in Paris , his roots are 1/2 Hungarian Protestant, 1/4 Greek Jewish , and 1/4 French Catholic . Mayor of Neuilly-sur-Seine from 1983 to 2002, he was Minister of the Budget under Prime Minister Édouard Balladur (1993–1995) during François Mitterrand 's second term. During Jacques Chirac's second presidential term , he served as Minister of

2703-538: Was president of the Union pour un Mouvement Populaire (UMP), France's major right-wing political party, and he was Minister of the Interior in the government of Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin , with the honorific title of Minister of State , making him effectively the number three official in the French State after President Jacques Chirac and Villepin. His ministerial responsibilities included law enforcement and working to co-ordinate relationships between

SECTION 50

#1732766146465

2756-431: Was re-elected on 13 March 2005 to the National Assembly . (As required by the constitution, he had to resign as a deputy when he became minister in 2002.) On 31 May 2005 the main French news radio station France Info reported a rumour that Sarkozy was to be reappointed Minister of the Interior in the government of Dominique de Villepin without resigning from the UMP leadership. This was confirmed on 2 June 2005, when

2809-492: Was still a stronghold of leftist students. Described as a quiet student, Sarkozy soon joined the right-wing student organization, in which he was very active. He completed his military service as a part-time Air Force cleaner. After graduating from university, Sarkozy entered Sciences Po , where he studied between 1979 and 1981, but failed to graduate due to an insufficient command of the English language. After passing

#464535