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49-723: Friedrichsdorf is located in the Taunus area, ranking third among the Hochtaunuskreis boroughs after Bad Homburg vor der Höhe and Oberursel (Taunus) . The municipal area includes, on the one hand, agricultural land such as that between Burgholzhausen and the edge of the Wetterau . On the other hand, there are vast woodlands on the crest of the Taunus, where the highest point in Friedrichsdorf's rural areas can be found:

98-773: A balanced climate. The Hintertaunus is divided into the Western and Eastern Hintertaunus by the Idstein Depression, which developed in the Idstein – Bad Camberg area. The Idstein depression widens towards the Lahn valley towards the Limburg Basin and is also known as the Goldener Grund in the northern area, probably because agriculture found more favorable conditions here. The relief is gently undulating,

147-461: A ring of nine roses argent ( i.e. a blue shield with a ring of nine silver roses). After amalgamation, a new coat of arms was created in 1975, taking the newly amalgamated parts of town into account. It might heraldically be described thus: Party per saltire, above, in azure a rose argent, dexter in argent a four-spoked wheel gules, sinister in argent a horseshoe gules, below, in gules a tower Or. The silver rose charge has been kept, although now there

196-596: A significant contribution to Wiesbaden's water supply. The largest unit of the Taunus in terms of area, the Hintertaunus unit, is mainly composed of the black rock series of the Hunsrück slate and the Singhofen layers of the lower Ems tier, often greywacke-like sandstones as well as siltstone and claystone . Younger rocks are only exposed here in small occurrences near Usingen and on the very eastern edge of

245-473: A teacher at the Institut Garnier. He is the inventor of the electric transmission of speech, better known as the telephone and has been dedicated a museum. Friedrichsdorf's comprehensive school ( Philipp-Reis-Schule ) is also named after him. In 1916, Dillingen, which had been founded only in 1804, was joined with Friedrichsdorf. Dillingen took its name from a village which had been forsaken in

294-800: Is twinned with: In Friedrichsdorf stands one of the two Temples of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Germany, called the Frankfurt Germany Temple (the other one is in Freiberg, Saxony ). The Temple was dedicated for operation in 1987 by then President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , Ezra Taft Benson. Taunus The Taunus is a mountain range in Hesse , Germany , located north west of Frankfurt and north of Wiesbaden . The tallest peak in

343-570: Is an important historical document created between about 1175 to 1195 AD in the Monastery of Saint Nazarius in Lorsch , Germany. The codex is handwritten in Carolingian minuscule , and contains illuminated initials – for example, a huge "D" is presented on the first page. The codex consists of 460 pages in large format which contain more than 3800 entries. It is important because it details

392-679: Is composed of pure, mostly black mudstone and embedded sandstone banks and occurs in stratigraphically different positions in the Upper Siegen and in the Ems. The bulk of the Hunsrück Slate is attributed to the Elm Lower Stage . It is known for its exceptionally well-preserved fossils and is locally well suited for use as roofing slate . . In the western Hintertaunus, the almost sand-free Hunsrück slate can be easily separated from

441-596: Is mainly forest here. The Vortaunus is more inconsistent than the main ridge, it is morphologically more fragmented and the bays of the foothills divide it more. Hintertaunus is the name given to the area north of the Hoher Taunus up to the Lahn valley . The landscape here is lower and less mountainous than in the southern Taunus. Between the valleys, some of which are quite deep, there are pronounced plateaus (leveled areas) with heavy agricultural use. Since mostly only

490-566: Is named after it. The Taunus is the southeastern part of the Rhenish Slate Mountains . The low mountain range is about 75 km long from southwest to northeast and about 35 km wide across it from northwest to southeast,it covers an area of about 2700 km . In the west, the Upper Middle Rhine Valley borders the Taunus and separates it from the western Hunsrück . In the north, the valley of

539-445: Is only one instead of a ring of nine. The red stylized wheel stands for Köppern and the red horseshoe for Seulberg. The tower comes from Burgholzhausen's old arms. Through Friedrichsdorf's outlying rural areas runs Autobahn A5 , an important traffic artery that also has an interchange at the northern edge of the municipal area (16, Friedberg / Friedrichsdorf ). Furthermore, Federal Highway ( Bundesstraße ) B 455 also runs through

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588-690: The Bunte Schiefer are greenish-grey or strikingly violet in color due to finely distributed hematite . Agnaths (jawless fish) found in the Bunte Schist are from the Gedinne (Lochkovian); just like the formation of the rock , they show a deposit of the colorful slate in rivers or lakes . The rocks of the colorful slate are found on the Großer Feldberg , where they were mined in tunnels to extract roofing slate (slate tunnel below

637-738: The Eschbacher cliffs near Usingen are such a quartz vein ( Härtling ) exposed by erosion . This vein, also known as the Usinger quartz vein, can be traced over a length of about 12 km, making it one of the longest German quartz veins after the Bavarian Pfahl. The northwestern part of the Eastern Hintertaunus (Langhecker Lahntaunus) , which leads to the Weilburger Lahntalgebiet, belongs geologically to

686-507: The Fachklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie , or Specialized Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy ) was founded by Dr. Emil Sioli from Frankfurt. Köppern has a street hockey team, trained by, among others, professional hockey player Ingo Schwarz, who plays for Rote Teufel Bad Nauheim . In 1221, Burgholzhausen was being mentioned as Holzhausen in documents. The most important economic activity next to farming and linen weaving

735-636: The Gickelsburg at 471 m above sea level . From the Taunus' heights, the river Erlenbach makes its way down and through town. Friedrichsdorf borders in the north and east on the town of Rosbach ( Wetteraukreis ), in the south on the town of Bad Homburg , and in the west on the community of Wehrheim . The town's founding in 1687 goes back to the persecution of the Huguenots in France , where millions of them fled their country. Part of this exodus

784-531: The Hintertaunus ; in the west in the Middle Rhine is, among other things, Lorch at the seam (each in an anti-clockwise direction). The Taunus is a heterogeneous landscape area, but it is usually quite distinct from the surrounding landscapes and is classified as a main natural area unit group. The natural landscape is divided according to morphology , geological structure , climate and partly by

833-596: The Lahnmulde and is rich in magmatism . of mineral resources from the Middle Devonian such as iron in the form of red ironstone with up to 50 percent iron content, or river ironstone with up to 35% iron, as well as silver ore , roofing slate and diabase . The ore was mined in numerous mines here, as in the Montan area Lahn-Dill area ; some have been converted to visitor mines. The Mining that operated from

882-716: The Red Cross ). Quartzite sandstones are embedded in them, from which the Brunhildis rock on the summit of the Großer Feldberg consists. The Hermeskeil layers are exposed below the Großer Feldberg and consist of mudstones, weakly consolidated micaceous sandstones and quartzites of the Lower Siegen (Lower Pragian). They are covered by several 100 m thick layers of Taunus quartzite (Middle Siegen, Pragian/Emsian). The very weather-resistant rock forms many summits of

931-539: The Rhine-Main lowlands. On the southern edge are the towns of Rüdesheim am Rhein , Wiesbaden , Hofheim am Taunus and Bad Homburg vor der Höhe at the junctions with the valleys of the Upper Rhine and Main ; the towns of Bad Nauheim and Butzbach are on the eastern edge at the junction with the Wetterau ; in the north on the Lahn the towns of Wetzlar , Weilburg , Bad Ems and Lahnstein border on

980-623: The Thirty Years' War , on the rural area of which Friedrichsdorf's Huguenots later settled. Paul Tirard reported that the town archives were kept in French up until 1871, but thenceforth in German. He also states that the names on grave stones were French up and till 1914 and that Protestant Sunday services were held locally up until the same date. In July 1972 the communities of Friedrichsdorf, Seulberg, Köppern and Burgholzhausen merged to form

1029-493: The stratigraphic sequences Graue Phyllite , Bunte Schiefer , Hermeskeilschichten and Taunusquarzit . The Lower Devonian sub-layer only appears in two small outcrops, metavolcanites of the type found in the Anterior Taunus rocks. The Graue Phyllite consist of slates and sandstones . They contain impressions of Upper Silurian brachiopods and corals and were deposited in shallow water . The clay slates of

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1078-411: The 17th to the 20th centuries has now ceased. In the eastern Taunus between Idstein in the west and Usingen in the east, from the late Middle Ages to the early 20th century, there was a large number of pits in which there was mining of varying intensity on post-varistic, i.e. only after the varistic orogeny ore veins formed in the late Jurassic and early Cretaceous. The last active lead and silver ore mine,

1127-845: The Eppstein slates of the Silurian and the Lower Devonian Lorsbach slates . At the very southern edge and in a small deposit near Mühlbach in the east of the Vordertaunus unit, limestones are exposed that are attributed to the Middle Devonian . To the north of the Vordertaunus is the Taunuscrest, also known as the High Taunus, which mainly consists of Lower Devonian clastic rocks . It is composed of

1176-489: The Feldberg massif the highest heights not only of the Taunus but of the entire Rhenish Slate Mountains are reached. That is why the climate here is rougher than in the upstream landscape areas - it is colder on average, it rains and, in particular, it snows more. The turbulent relief offers little space for settlements and agricultural use. On the mostly shallow and fertile soils , which developed from acidic rock , there

1225-612: The Giessen Nappe, which lies flat today, on rocks from the Hintertaunus and the Lahn Mulde is of even greater extent. Their rocks are not otherwise found in the Taunus, they must have been deposited south of the Vortaunus and were thrust at least 25 km over the Taunus and Hintertaunus, possibly significantly more due to large-scale considerations. In addition to the deformation of the layers, these are clearly metamorphic in

1274-611: The Heftrich pit with the Hannibal and Hasdrubal tunnels, was closed around 1924. Exploration drilling carried out by the Hessian State Office for Soil Research in the 1980s no longer provided any indication of deposits worth building. Due to its hardness, the Taunus quartzite was often mined in the past, currently only one quarry near Köppern is in operation. Some limestone and diabase quarries are still in operation in

1323-601: The Hintertaunus in the Oberkleen area. The geology of the Hintertaunus is not as well known as that of the Vortaunus and Hochtaunus in the south or that of the Lahnmulde in the north due to the often monotonous sandy and slate rocks that form only a few continuous reference horizons and provide hardly any index fossils . The Hunsrück slate refers to a rock facies occurring mainly in the Hunsrück and Hintertaunus, which

1372-571: The Huguenots in Friedrichsdorf there was brisk trade. In a somewhat less cheerful chapter in Seulberg's history, there were witch trials in the 17th century which resulted in 31 women being put to death. Friedrichsdorf was given its first civic coat of arms in 1821 in remembrance of Russian Princess Alexandra's – and her eight guests' – visit to Count Friedrich in Bad Homburg : In azure

1421-772: The Lahn (Giessen-Koblenzer Lahntal ) with the Limburg Basin forms a very sharp scenic border to the northern Westerwald . In the east, the Giessen Basin (southernmost part of the West Hessian Uplands ) with Dießenbach and Kleebach border to the north, the Wetterau with Wetter and Nidda to the south of the slate mountains; in the south, the Rheingau and the Main-Taunus foothills form natural borders. The last three landscapes are part of

1470-494: The Lahn, the Taunus natural region has a share in the Lahn trough and the Giessen nappe . The Vordertaunus Unit is a narrow zone of weakly metamorphic rocks such as phyllites, greenschists and sericite gneisses .[5] They are appear greenish through chlorite and epidote . The starting products of these rocks were mudstones and volcanic rocks . The rock strata occurring in the Vordertaunus are divided from north to south into

1519-480: The Lahnmulde and Dillmulde typical rocks of this time such as Schalstein , Massenkalk and deck diabase absent here. The greywacke occurring here and at other places in the eastern Hintertaunus cannot or can hardly be distinguished from the Carboniferous Kulm greywacke and are considered by some scientists to be the remains of the ' Viewed 'Giessen Ceiling . The strata of the Taunus were formed in

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1568-537: The Taunus range are Bad Schwalbach (formerly Langenschwalbach ) mentioned in documents dating back to the 16th century, Bad Ems , one of the most reputed therapeutic spas in Germany since the 17th century, as well as Bad Weilbach , where a spring reached wide fame for some time. By the 19th century the most famous spa towns in the area were Wiesbaden , Bad Homburg vor der Höhe, Bad Nauheim , and Bad Soden am Taunus . Lorsch codex The Lorsch Codex (Chronicon Laureshamense, Lorscher Codex, Codex Laureshamensis)

1617-575: The Taunus ridge ( Altkönig , Kleiner Feldberg , Glaskopf ), but also individual rock elevations (such as the Hohle Stein ). The Celtic ring walls and the rubble heap on the "White Wall" on the Altkönig consist of Taunus quartzite. The fractured groundwater of the Taunus quartzite is of local interest for water extraction. They are dammed by the underlying Hermeskeilschichten and pumped through groundwater tunnels. Four such groundwater tunnels make

1666-546: The Vordertaunus – the latter clearly decreases to the north. In later uplift phases between the Late Jurassic and the Tertiary , cross-fractures were applied perpendicular to strike. The rift valley of the Idstein Depression divides the Hintertaunus into an eastern and western part, while the Limburg Basin divides the Lahn Mulde as it sinks. Some of the fractures are now filled with quartz . The free-standing rocks of

1715-635: The course of the Variscan Orogonese foliated , scaled and in the southwest-northeast strike saddles and troughs folded. The folds are predominantly northwestvergent . Widespread to the northwest, the rock series were thrust onto younger ones. Thus, at the fault zone of the Taunuskamm overthrust , the entire length of the southern Taunus nappe-like was thrust over rocks of the Younger Lower Devonian. The overthrust of

1764-656: The gifts given to the monastery and the possessions belonging to it, giving some of the first mention of cities of the Middle Ages in central Germany , and in particular in the Rhein-Neckar region. Over one thousand places are named. None of the original documents that were copied into the codex are known to have survived. The codex is now in the Bavarian state archive in Münich . This German history article

1813-652: The metavolcanic sequence, the Eppstein slate and the Lorsbach slate. The oldest sedimentary rocks of the Taunus are the phyllites of Bierstadt from the lower Ordovician era, known only from a borehole in Wiesbaden , with an age of about 480 million years determined by the evidence of spores . The volcanic rocks of the metavulcanite unit are younger, they could be dated to the Upper Ordovician and Silurian using uranium-lead dating . They are overlaid by

1862-416: The part of the Lahnmulde that belongs to the Taunus. In addition, there are countless smaller quarries to supply the local population with building blocks. The Roman Limes was built across the Taunus. The Saalburg , a restored Roman castellum, now houses a museum. After the fall of the Limes (in 259/260 AD), the Alamanni settled in the range and for this reason there are some Alemannic cemeteries in

1911-453: The prevailing vegetation into sub-landscapes that are more uniform in themselves. The cultural landscape, i.e. the natural landscape shaped by man, shows the following structure in terms of land use, the location and distribution of settlements and the course of traffic routes. In the south are the more wooded and higher parts, namely the Vordertaunus (naturally also called Vortaunus) and the Hohe Taunus (around Taunus main ridge ), where in

1960-437: The range is Großer Feldberg at 878 m; other notable peaks are Kleiner Feldberg (825 m) and Altkönig (798 m). The Taunus range spans the districts of Hochtaunuskreis , Main-Taunus-Kreis , Rheingau-Taunus , Limburg-Weilburg , and Rhein-Lahn . The range is known for its geothermal springs and mineral waters that formerly attracted members of the European aristocracy to its spa towns . The car line Ford Taunus

2009-420: The sandy rocks of the Singhofen layers, in the east, rocks in the Facies of the Hunsrück slate recede. Transposed volcanic tuffes and ashes , the so-called porphyroides , are integrated into the Singhofen layers, they can be traced in some cases over several tens of kilometers. The Middle Devonian to Lower Carboniferous of the Usinger Mulde is only about 250 m thick and strongly tectonically disturbed, in

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2058-459: The slopes of the valley are forested, the Hintertaunus is generally more open. The landscape of the Hintertaunus is more inconsistent because of its different elevations. This is clearly evident in the eastern Hintertaunus. Here, for example, there is a high-altitude landscape with dense forest cover, a harsher climate and poor soil in the Pferdskopf-Bergland ; but also the Usinger basin , a gently undulating, open basin landscape with fertile soil and

2107-416: The soil is fertile due to the high proportion of loess and the climate is milder due to the basin location. The Taunus (main unit group 30) is subdivided in terms of natural space as follows: The Taunus is geologically divided from south to north into the units Vordertaunus unit (also northern phyllite zone or metamorphic southern edge zone), Taunus ridge unit and Hintertaunus unit. Finally, south of

2156-437: The southern foothills of the Taunus ( Eschborn ). This area of the Taunus became part of the Frankish confederation of Germanic tribes after the Battle of Tolbiac around 500 AD. In past centuries the Taunus became famous among aristocrats for its therapeutic hot springs . Certain towns in the area, such as Bad Homburg vor der Höhe with its Kurpark , have geothermal spas that were formerly renowned. Other spa towns in

2205-434: The town of Friedrichsdorf/Taunus. Köppern had its first documentary mention in 1269. At this time, Buchard von Printsac was given in fief a watermill at "coppern" by Count Gerhard von Eppstein. Linen weaving and brickmaking were for a long time, next to farming , the most important economic activities. Later came hatmaking and tanning . In 1901, the Waldkrankenhaus ("Forest Hospital"), which still stands today (as

2254-553: The town. There are four railway stations , one in every constituent community apart from Dillingen. Friedrichsdorf station is the end of Rhine-Main S-Bahn line S 5 which runs along the Homburg Railway line. Further lines here are Taunusbahn to Waldsolms -Brandoberndorf and Friedberg–Friedrichsdorf railway to Friedberg . The Rotorflug company provides helicopter transport. Frankfurt International Airport can be reached via train in 50 Minutes or by road (30 km). (in each case on 31 December) Friedrichsdorf

2303-418: Was granted asylum by Landgrave Friedrich II with the words "Lieber will ich mein Silbergerät verkaufen, als diesen armen Leuten die Aufnahme versagen" ("I would rather sell my silverware than deny these poor people asylum."). The Huguenots then founded Friedrichsdorf, gratefully naming it after the Landgrave. They brought flannel and stockings with them from France, which spread quickly. Later, Zwieback

2352-399: Was produced in Friedrichsdorf, which is why Friedrichsdorf is known as the "Town of Zwieback". The zwieback factory "Emil Louis Pauly" became Milupa , still in business now as a baby food maker, and still headquartered in Friedrichsdorf. It is now owned by Numico , a Dutch company, and the production facilities have been moved abroad. The town's most famous son was Johann Philipp Reis ,

2401-431: Was said to be tilemaking , whose raw materials were dug from nearby clay pits. In the late 17th century, through the Ingelheimer family's lordly leadership, fruit growing was brought to Burgholzhausen Seulberg was first mentioned in the Lorsch codex in 767. It is said to be one of the oldest settled places in the Hochtaunuskreis. Besides farming and linen weaving, pottery has long been an important activity here. With

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