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109-644: Fulham ( / ˈ f ʊ l ə m / ) is an area of the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham in West London , England, 3.6 miles (5.8 km) southwest of Charing Cross . It lies in a loop on the north bank of the River Thames , bordering Hammersmith , Kensington and Chelsea , with which it shares the area known as West Brompton . Over the Thames Fulham faces Wandsworth , Putney ,

218-585: A controversial 80 acre high-rise redevelopment has been under way on the eastern borough boundary with the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea , involving the dismantling of the two Earl's Court Exhibition Centres in RBKC and in Hammersmith and Fulham and the emptying and demolition of hundreds of commercial properties, thousands of both private and social housing units and including the demolition of

327-640: A dance studio in the old Fulham Public Baths. The largest extant supermarket in Fulham, is located on the site of a cinema later converted to the iconic "Dicky Dirts" jean store with its sloping shop-floor, at the top of North End Road 's Street market . It started a new trend in how retail was done. The debut albums by 1970s new wave bands The Stranglers ( Rattus Norvegicus ) and Generation X ( Generation X ) were recorded at TW Studios, 211 Fulham Palace Road. The Greyhound music venue at 176 Fulham Palace Road hosted up and coming punk, post-punk and indie bands in

436-484: A film and television studio, but was finally demolished in 1971. It too has been replaced by an office block in Fulham Broadway. The performing arts continue in Fulham, like the notable Fulham Symphony Orchestra and the successful Fulham Opera. St John's Parish Church, at the top of North End Road , stages choral and instrumental concerts as do other churches in the area. There is a cinema complex as part of

545-498: A glorious city and congregation shall be strengthened and honoured by such a patron." On the journey to London with the body, the River Lee is said to have parted to make way for the dead saint. After a great fire in 1087 (one of several Erkenwald's relics are said to have survived) the relics were put in a silver shrine. This shrine was put in a new, vast crypt, specially built to hold the "valuable remains of St. Erkenwald" in

654-718: A lasting, if largely unsung, contribution for well over a century to the development and maintenance of public transport in London and beyond. Next to the Lillie Bridge engineering Depot , the Midland Railway established its own coal and goods yard. In 1907 the engineering HQ of the Piccadilly Line in Richmond Place (16-18 Empress Place) oversaw the westward expansion of the line into the suburbs. At

763-689: A number of other major businesses. For a 15-year period Air France had its UK and Ireland office in Hammersmith. In 2006 the UK and Ireland office was moved to Hatton Cross , London Borough of Hounslow . Until 2013, Virgin Group Ltd. had its corporate headquarters at The School House, Brook Green . The office was moved to the Battleship Building, near the Westway in Paddington , in

872-538: A patchwork of extremely affluent as well as some less affluent neighbourhoods; The areas of Fulham, Parsons Green, Brackenbury Village, Brook Green, Ravenscourt Park and the Riverside compose of highly expensive Victorian and Edwardian houses, contrasting to the areas of White City and Shepherd's Bush. The unemployment rate is well below average at under 5%, although of these, 29% were listed as long-term unemployed. See external links below for more census information from

981-580: A pilgrimage shrine in Old St Paul's Cathedral . For a period immediately after the Norman Conquest, St Earconwald was marginalised in religious practice. The Normans replaced most of the English eccelsiastical office holders, either immediately, or upon their death with the appointment of a Norman cleric as successor. The most important collection of early materials concerning Earconwald is

1090-472: A predominantly working-class area for the first half of the 20th century, with genteel pockets at North End, along the top of Lillie and New King's roads, especially around Parsons Green , Eel Brook Common , South Park and the area surrounding the Hurlingham Club . Essentially, the area had attracted waves of immigrants from the countryside to service industrialisation and the more privileged parts of

1199-465: A rare example in Fulham of mid-Victorian housing, designed by John Young , close to Grade I and II listed structures and to a number of conservation areas in both boroughs. It also involves the closure of the historic Lillie Bridge Depot, opened in 1872 and the dispersal of its operations by TfL Fulham is part of two constituencies: one, Hammersmith bounded by the north side of the Lillie Road,

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1308-497: A river-meadow. So Fulla's hemmed-in land. It is spelled Fuleham in the 1066 Domesday Book . In recent years, there has been a great revival of interest in Fulham's earliest history, largely due to the Fulham Archaeological Rescue Group. This has carried out a number of digs, particularly in the vicinity of Fulham Palace, which show that approximately 5,000 years ago Neolithic people were living by

1417-766: A shopping centre. The borough includes the areas: The local authority is Hammersmith and Fulham Council, which usually meets at Hammersmith Town Hall . Since 2000, for elections to the London Assembly , the borough forms part of the West Central constituency. According to the 2001 census Hammersmith and Fulham has a population of 165,242. 60% of the borough's population is White British , 20% white non-British (among which are large French, Polish, Portuguese and Irish communities), 5% black Caribbean , 8% black African with various other ethnicities (including Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Chinese ) making up

1526-604: A theatre, an exhibition space, a library and archives as well as retail and dining facilities. It occasionally hosts other organisations in the borough, including the Fulham Symphony Orchestra. It is also the home of the Polish University Abroad . Public libraries in the borough include Askew Road Library, Avonmore Library, Fulham Library , Hammersmith Library , Sands End Library, and Shepherds Bush Library. The Borough Archives, open to

1635-1060: Is a patron saint of London. Prior to the Reformation , the anniversaries of his death as well as his translation were observed at St Paul's as feasts of the first class, by an ordinance of Bishop Braybroke in 1386. The following Antiphon and Collect for the Feast of St Erkenwald is recorded: " De Sancto Erkenwaldo Episcopo. Antipho: O decus insigne, nostrum pastorumque benigne, O lux Londonie, pater Erkenwalde beate, Quem super astra Deum gaudes spectare per eum, Aspice letantes tua gaudia nos celebrantes, Et tecum vite fac participes sine fine. V. Ora pro nobis beate Erkenwalde. R. Ut digni efficiamur. "Oratio. Omnipotens sempiterne Deus, apud quem est continua semper Sanctorum festivitas Tuorum, presta, quesumus, ut qui memoriam beati Erkenwaldi pontificis agimus, ab hostium nostrorum eruamur nequitia: et ad eternorum nos provehi concedas premiorum beneficia. Per. Pater noster. Ave Ma" (Concerning Saint Erkenwald

1744-557: Is home to the world-governing body of Polo at The Hurlingham Club in Fulham and upholds the traditions of racketts and championship tennis at the Queen's Club , also in Fulham. The borough is home to a number of sports teams and athletes: Chelsea Football Club is based in the borough and plays Premier League football having won the English national championship on six occasions (1955, 2005, 2006, 2010, 2015 and 2017) as well as

1853-611: Is possible that he drafted the charter of Caedwalla to Farnham. When St Fursey (a Celtic cleric who did much to establish Christianity throughout the British Isles and particularly in East Anglia ) died in 650 he was buried in a church built specially by Earconwald in Péronne which has claimed Fursey as patron ever since. Bishopsgate , one of the eastern gates on London's largely lost Roman and medieval city wall ,

1962-640: Is represented by Andy Slaughter for Labour , the other, Chelsea and Fulham parliamentary seat is currently held by Greg Hands for the Conservatives . Fulham was formerly a part of the Hammersmith and Fulham parliamentary constituency which was dissolved in 2010 to form the current seats. However, parts of Fulham continue to score highly on the Jarman Index , indicating poor health outcomes due to adverse socio-economic factors. Fulham has in

2071-663: Is thought to be the work of the Pearl Poet whose identity is debated and uncertain. If it is true that it is within the set of this author's work, that would mean that text shares its author with: The poem is significant in the way it deals with the spiritual welfare of people who could not hear the Christian message, and critics have compared it to the Beowulf poem in this regard. The poem has survived in only one manuscript, British Library MS Harley 2250. The document

2180-507: The 2005 General Election , Greg Hands won the Hammersmith and Fulham Parliamentary seat for the Conservatives, polling 45.4% against Labour's 35.2%, a 7.3% swing. In the 2010 General Election, he was re-elected this time for the newly formed Chelsea and Fulham constituency. In the 2015 General Election he was returned with an increased share of the vote. In the 2024 General Election Ben Coleman defeated Greg Hands by 151 votes to retake

2289-646: The A40 Westway , many international corporations have offices in the borough. The local council is Hammersmith and Fulham London Borough Council . The borough is amongst the four most expensive boroughs for residential properties in the United Kingdom, along with Kensington and Chelsea, the City of Westminster and Camden. The borough is unique in London in having three professional football clubs: Chelsea , Fulham and Queens Park Rangers . The area of

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2398-631: The Aetherius Society , still trades on Fulham Road . Allied to these developments, the postwar period saw the extensive demolition of Fulham's early 19th-century architectural stock, replaced by some Brutalist architecture — the current Ibis hotel — and the Empress State Building in Lillie Road that in 1962 replaced the declining Empress Hall. The London County Council and local council continued with much-needed council-housing development between World War II and up to

2507-501: The Airco company, producing De Havilland designs and components for the duration of the war. William Crathern , the composer, was organist at St Mary's Church, West Kensington, when it was still known as North End . Edward Elgar , the composer, lived at 51 Avonmore Road, W14, between 1890 and 1891. The notorious Italian tenor Giovanni Matteo Mario de Candia and his wife opera singer Giulia Grisi , made Fulham their home from 1852 until

2616-939: The Arts and Crafts movement , lived at 'the Grange' in North End , Georgiana Burne-Jones and her husband, Edward Burne-Jones , both couples were friends of William Morris . Other artists who settled along the Lillie Road , were Francesco Bartolozzi , a florentine engraver and Benjamin Rawlinson Faulkner , a society portrait painter. Henri Gaudier-Brzeska , the French expressionist painter and friend of Ezra Pound , lived in Walham Green till his early death in 1915. Glass production was, until recently, represented by

2725-632: The Boat Race course, which is known as the Championship Course, hosting hundreds of eights the weekend before and many other races, is on the borough's most obvious boundary: its section of the Tideway – the upper estuary of the Thames . The numerous London Overground and London Underground stations in the borough are: The London Overground line now connects the borough with

2834-460: The Chelsea F.C. stadium at Stamford Bridge . Other sports facilities were opened at The Queen's Club for rackets and tennis and at the private members' Hurlingham Club , for a range of sporting activities in the south of the borough. Hurlingham Park 's tennis courts are used as netball courts and tennis nets are taken down and so restricting access to the courts for tennis. Hurlingham Park hosts

2943-582: The City of Westminster . Also, TAP Portugal runs an administrative office in the Borough, near to Hammersmith Bus Station. The borough has a proud sporting heritage going back to at least the second half of the 19th-century when the fledgeling Amateur Athletic Association of England came to the Lillie Bridge Grounds , followed there by football, boxing and First-class cricket . The borough

3052-404: The Empress State Building . The second, opened by Princess Diana , lasted just over 20 years until 2014. Along with the architecturally pleasing Mid-Victorian Empress Place, formerly access to the exhibition centre, it is destined for high rise re-development, but with usage as yet to be confirmed. No trace is left today of either of Fulham's two theatres, both opened in 1897. The 'Grand Theatre'

3161-610: The Fulham District . The Fulham district was dissolved in 1886 when the vestries for its two parishes took on district functions. In 1900 the lower tier was reorganised into metropolitan boroughs , the two parishes becoming the Metropolitan Borough of Fulham and the Metropolitan Borough of Hammersmith . The modern borough was formed in 1965 under the London Government Act 1963 , covering

3270-740: The Godolphin and Latymer School , situated a few minutes' walk from Hammersmith Broadway . The London Oratory School is a leading Roman Catholic secondary school in East Fulham. Latymer Upper School , an independent co-educational school, is also in the borough, on King Street in Hammersmith . The exclusive independent girls' preparatory school Bute House is also in Brook Green . There are two notable independent French language primary schools: Ecole Jacques Prevert in Brook Green and

3379-539: The Grand Union Canal with the Thames. In reality, however, the project was over budget and delayed by contractor bankruptcies and only opened in 1828, when railways were already gaining traction. The short-lived canal concept did however leave a legacy: the creation on Lillie's land of a brewery and residential development, 'Rosa', and 'Hermitage Cottages', and several roads, notably, the Lillie Road connecting

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3488-680: The Kingdom of Lindsey in modern Lincolnshire . In 666, he established two Benedictine abbeys, Chertsey Abbey in Surrey for men, and Barking Abbey for women. His sister, Æthelburh , was Abbess of Barking. Earconwald is said to have engaged Hildelith to instruct Æthelburh in the role of abbess. Earconwald himself served as Abbot of Chertsey. A charter states that in the late seventh century, he and Frithwald gave land in Streatham and Tooting Graveney to Chertsey Abbey; this grant

3597-566: The London Underground , the electrification of Tube lines from the nearby Lots Road Power Station , and for well over a century has been the maintenance hub for rolling stock and track. Two Premier League football clubs, Fulham and Chelsea , play in Fulham. Two other notable sporting clubs are the Hurlingham Club , known for polo , and the Queen's tennis club , known for its annual pre- Wimbledon tennis tournament. In

3706-594: The London Wetland Centre in Barnes in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames . First recorded by name in 691, it was an extensive Anglo-Saxon estate, the Manor of Fulham , and then a parish. Its domain stretched from modern-day Chiswick in the west to Chelsea in the southeast; and from Harlesden in the northwest to Kensal Green in the northeast bordered by the littoral of Counter's Creek and

3815-609: The Metropolitan Board of Works , which was established to provide services across the metropolis of London. In 1889 the Metropolitan Board of Works' area was made the County of London . From 1856 until 1900 the lower tier of local government within the metropolis comprised various parish vestries and district boards . From 1856 until 1886 the two parishes of Fulham and Hammersmith were administered together as

3924-643: The Miracula Sancti Erkenwaldi , preserved as a 12th-century manuscript in the Matthew Parker collection (Parker 161) at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge . The miracle in the poem is not in these materials, suggesting that the story post-dates this manuscript. Earconwald was the subject of the alliterative St Erkenwald Poem , written in the fourteenth century by a poet from the Cheshire / Shropshire / Staffordshire area. The text

4033-589: The New King's Road , a short distance from Eel Brook Common until it gave way to an apartment redevelopment in 2017. It had produced works by Henry Moore , Elisabeth Frink , Barbara Hepworth and Jacob Epstein among others. Its work may be seen in public spaces all over the world. In 1926, the Church of England established the office of Bishop of Fulham as a suffragan to the Bishop of London. Fulham remained

4142-679: The North London Line via Willesden Junction station and direct services to Watford Junction station to the north and services to East Croydon station to the south, via Clapham Junction railway station . Two main road arteries, the A4 road and the A40 road cross the borough. Hammersmith bus station at Hammersmith Broadway, above the District and Piccadilly lines tube station, is an important bus hub to most parts of London. In March 2011,

4251-593: The Prince of Wales were forced to shut; only the Atlas , reconstructed after bomb damage in the Second World War , has been reprieved. London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham The London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham ( pronunciation ) is a London borough in West London and which also forms part of Inner London . The borough was formed in 1965 as the London Borough of Hammersmith from

4360-638: The UEFA Champions League in 2012 and 2021. London's oldest professional football club, Fulham F.C. playing in the Premier League and Queens Park Rangers (playing in the Championship ) are also based in the borough. Hammersmith & Fulham RFC have been playing in the borough at Hurlingham Park for over 30 years. They boast four senior men's sides and one Ladies XV. The men's 1st XV currently compete in London's NE2 League with

4469-401: The alcohol-free phenomenon that was Kops Brewery founded in 1890 at a site in Sands End . In 1917 Kops Brewery closed and was converted into a margarine factory. Gin distilling came to the remnants of the North End Brewery in Seagrave Road after a brief period of service as a timber works in the 1870s and lasted for almost a century. The premises were taken over by distillers Vickers who at

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4578-440: The stained glass studio of the purpose-built and Grade II listed Glass House in Lettice Street and latterly, by the Aaronson Noon Studio, with the 'Zest' Gallery in Rickett Street, that was obliged to shut down in 2012, after 20 years by the developers of 'Lillie Square' and Earl's Court . Both glass businesses have now moved out of London. The Art Bronze Foundry, founded by Charles Gaskin in 1922 operated in Michael Road, off

4687-411: The 'North End Brewery' complex, run from 1832 to 1833 by a Miss Goslin. It was intended originally to service the Kensington Canal workers and bargees. Later, it was the watering hole of the new railway builders, motor and omnibus company staff and latterly Earl's Court exhibition and Chelsea F.C. visitors. Of the three popular neighbouring pubs acquired by developers during 2014–15, the Imperial Arms and

4796-405: The 17th and 18th centuries in Fulham High Street , and later the automotive industry, aviation, food production, and laundries. In the 19th century, there was glass-blowing and this resurged in the 21st century with the Aronson-Noon studio and the former Zest gallery in Rickett Street. Lillie Bridge Depot , a railway engineering depot, opened in 1872, is associated with the building and extension of

4905-422: The 17th century, most notably with the Fulham Pottery , followed by the establishment of tapestry and carpet production with a branch of the French 'Gobelins manufactory' and then the short-lived Parisot weaving school venture in the 1750s. William De Morgan , ceramicist and novelist, moved into Sands End with his painter wife, Evelyn De Morgan , where they lived and worked. Another artist couple, also members of

5014-426: The 1800s, Lillie Bridge Grounds hosted the first meetings of the Amateur Athletic Association of England , the second FA Cup Final , and the first amateur boxing matches. The Lillie Bridge area was the home ground of the Middlesex County Cricket Club , before it moved to Marylebone . The word Fulham originates from Old English, with Fulla being a personal name, and hamm being land hemmed in by water or marsh, or

5123-422: The 1860s when British Amateur Athletics were introduced and the first codified Boxing under Marquess of Queensberry Rules matches were staged. The catalyst for sport in Fulham was the Cambridge rowing blue and sports administrator, Welshman John Graham Chambers . Later, with the destruction of the Lillie Bridge Grounds by a riot in 1889, they were replaced first by the Fulham F.C. stadium Craven Cottage and

5232-405: The 1900s at a lovely country-manor where their daughters and son were born, among them writer Cecilia Maria de Candia . Conductor and composer Hyam Greenbaum married the harpist Sidonie Goossens on 26 April 1924 at Kensington Registry Office and they set up home in a first floor flat on the Fulham Road, opposite Michelin House . With the accession of Boris Johnson to the mayoralty of London,

5341-506: The 1980s. Fulham's traditional population of working people has been partially displaced by affluent newcomers since the turn of the century. Geoffrey de Havilland , aviation pioneer, built his first aeroplane at his workshop in Bothwell Street, Fulham in 1909. Later, during the First World War , Cannon's Brewery site at the corner of Lillie and North End Road was used for aircraft manufacture. The Darracq Motor Engineering Company of Townmead Road, became aircraft manufacturers in Fulham for

5450-499: The Berne tapestry (copied from paintings by Roger van der Wayden of the Brussels Town Hall in the mid-1400s, which were lost in the conflicts of the 1600s) and apparently repeated in the Cologne Town Hall in the High Medieval period, provides a visual expression of the themes. The intention of this art was to remind judges to dispense impartial justice. His feast day is 30 April, with successive translations (see below) being celebrated on 1 February, 13 May and 14 November. He

5559-437: The Bishop. Antiphon: O distinguished God, our kind shepherd, O light of London, blessed father Erkenwald, Whom above the stars you rejoice to behold God through him, Look upon us celebrating your joys, and live with you without end. V. Pray for us blessed Erkenwald. R. That we may become worthy. Prayer. Almighty and everlasting God, with whom is the continual festival of Thy Saints, grant, we beseech, that we who commemorate

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5668-435: The Ecole Marie d'Orliac in Hurlingham. The London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham has formal twinning arrangements with: Below it is a plaque which reads: The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. Erkenwald He is associated with a very early Anglo-Saxon phase of building at St Paul's Cathedral , and William Dugdale says he began

5777-427: The Fulham Broadway Centre. Fulham Town Hall , built in 1888 in the classical renaissance , was used as a popular venue for concerts and dances, especially its Grand Hall. Behind Fulham Broadway, the heart of the original village of Walham Green has undergone pedestrianisation, including the spot once occupied by the village green and its pond next to St. John's Parish Church and bordered by a number of cafés, bars, and

5886-467: The Legend of Trajan and the Miracle of St Gregory ; that legend itself being referred to in the Divine Comedy by Dante ( Purgatorio (x. 73-75) and Paradiso (xx 106-117)). Another possible inspiration for the plot in the poem is found in Kaiserchronik , the Middle High German history of Roman and German emperors dating to around 1150. Some familiarity with the story is also contended for St Thomas Aquinas . Within pictorial art,

5995-504: The Manor of Kensington. It originally included today's Hammersmith. Between 1900 and 1965, it was demarcated as the Metropolitan Borough of Fulham , before its merger with the Metropolitan Borough of Hammersmith to create the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham (known as the London Borough of Hammersmith from 1965 to 1979). The district is split between the western and south-western postal areas. Fulham industrial history includes pottery, tapestry-weaving, paper-making and brewing in

6104-415: The South African Airways House. CE Europe, a subsidiary of Capcom , has its head office in the George House in Hammersmith in the borough. As of May 2011 it will be relocating to the Metro Building in Hammersmith. Iran Air 's London offices are also located in the borough. The airline moved there by Wednesday 4 January 2012. Disney and L'Oréal also all have UK headquarters in Hammersmith, as well as

6213-484: The Thames, the main industrial activities involved motoring and early aviation — Rolls-Royce , Shell-Mex & BP , Rover , the London General Omnibus Company — and rail engineering ( Lillie Bridge Depot ), laundries — the Palace Laundry is still extant — and the building trades. Later there developed distilling, Sir Robert Burnett's White Satin Gin , food processing, e.g. Telfer's Pies, Encafood and Spaghetti House , and Kodak 's photographic processing. This encouraged

6322-440: The Virgin Active-operated Fulham Pools swimming facilities and neighbouring tennis courts. Fulham has five active Bowls clubs: The Bishops Park Bowls club, The Hurlingham Park Bowls Club, Normand Park Bowls Club, The Parson's Green Bowls club and The Winnington in Bishops Park. The historic entertainment destinations in Fulham, have included Earl's Court Pleasure Gardens , the brain-child of John Robinson Whitley , straddling

6431-427: The West End in London. The borough is also home to the Hammersmith Apollo and O2 Shepherd's Bush Empire , which play hosts to major concerts and stand-up comedy performances. Hammersmith has been the seat of the Polish Social and Cultural Centre , known as POSK in King Street, for several decades. It houses a number of organisations which serve Polish expatriates and others interested in Polish culture, including

6540-405: The annual Polo in the Park tournament, which has become a recent feature of the area. The Hurlingham club is the historic home of polo in the United Kingdom and of the world governing body of polo. Public tennis courts are located in Bishops Avenue, off Fulham Palace Road and on Eel Brook Common. Rugby is played on Eel Brook Common and in South Park . Normand Park in Lillie Road is the entry into

6649-410: The blessed high priest Erkenwald, may be delivered from the wickedness of our enemies: and grant us to advance to the eternal blessings of the first. Through [Jesus Christ]. Our Father. Ave Maria) The old St Paul's Cathedral's "greatest glory was the Shrine of St Erkenwald". The shrine rivalled that of Edward the Confessor at Westminster Abbey . It is said that on the death of St Erkenwald, there

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6758-459: The border with Kensington since 1879, then the 1894 Great Wheel and the 6,000-seater Empress Hall, built in 1894 at the instigation of international impresario, Imre Kiralfy — the scene of his spectacular shows and later sporting events and famous ice shows — and latterly, Earl's Court II, part of the Earl's Court Exhibition Centre in the neighbouring, Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea . The first closed in 1959, replaced by an office block,

6867-417: The borough in the 1980s. This was dismantled by developers in 2015. At the other end of today's borough, in 1908, the Franco-British Exhibition and Olympic Games were hosted in Hammersmith , at White City, London , but the site then took many decades to be redeveloped. In 1960, the BBC opened the BBC Television Centre . Westfield London opened in 1988, a large development with new transport links and

6976-405: The borough since 1977 and is now a museum. The borough has four theatres ( Riverside Studios , Bush Theatre , the Lyric Hammersmith and Curtains Up). LAMDA is based in the borough. There are several cinema complexes. Studio 106 Art Gallery holds regular exhibitions and workshops. The Lyric Hammersmith , on Lyric Square off King Street, is considered one of the most notable theatres outside

7085-422: The borough. The following shows the religious identity of residents residing in Hammersmith and Fulham according to the 2001, 2011 and the 2021 censuses. Sony Mobile Communications has its headquarters in the borough. Iberia operates the Iberia House in the borough. All Nippon Airways operates the London Office on the fourth floor of Hythe House. South African Airways has its United Kingdom office in

7194-400: The bottom of Seagrave Road to build a fever hospital, The Western Hospital , that later became an NHS centre of excellence for treating polio until its closure in 1979. Bar one ward block remaining in private occupation, it was replaced by a gated-flats development and a small public space, Brompton Park. Aside from the centuries-old brewing industry, exemplified by the Swan Brewery on

7303-436: The building. In recent times he has been portrayed in novels and films, for example in the work of Bernard Cornwell . The diocese of London was coterminous with the Kingdom of Essex , making the Bishop of London the Bishop of the East Saxons. Earconwald was of royal ancestry. William Dugdale states that he was a prince, a son of the house of King Offa , King of the Essex or the East Saxons; He may have been born in

7412-407: The canal bridge, ( Lillie Bridge ) at West Brompton with North End Lane and the eventual creation of two railway lines, the West London Line and the District line connecting South London with the rest of the capital. This was done with the input of two noted consulting engineers, Robert Stephenson in 1840 and from 1860, Sir John Fowler . It meant that the area around Lillie Bridge was to make

7521-415: The capital. With rapid demographic changes there was poverty, as noted by Charles Dickens (1812-1870) and Charles Booth (1840-1916). Fulham had its poorhouses , and attracted several benefactors, including: the Samuel Lewis (financier) Housing Trust, the Peabody Trust and the Sir Oswald Stoll Foundation to provide low-cost housing. The Metropolitan Asylums Board acquired in 1876 a 13-acre site at

7630-504: The combined area of the former metropolitan boroughs of Fulham and Hammersmith. The new borough was originally called the London Borough of Hammersmith, but the council changed the borough's name to the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham with effect from 1 April 1979. Fulham saw industrialisation and urbanisation from the start of the 19th-century, with the establishment of the world's first energy utility company, at Sands End in 1824, followed by road and rail transport development to

7739-409: The county of Middlesex, which encouraged trade skills among the growing population. In 1824 the Imperial Gas Light and Coke Company , the first public utility company in the world, bought the Sandford estate in Sands End to produce gas for lighting — and in the case of the Hurlingham Club, for ballooning . Its ornately decorated number 2 gasholder is Georgian , completed in 1830 and reputed to be

7848-558: The crowds. The shrine was constantly enriched by canons and by the merchants of London, well into the 15th century, and miracles were reported at the site of the shrine into the 16th century. The citizens of London took special pride in the magnificent shrine, and had a special devotion to St Erkenwald. Amongst the Ashmole manuscripts in the Bodleian Library is the following entry in Ashmole's own hand that concerns work on

7957-520: The death of Conservative MP, Martin Stevens , resulted in a Labour win for Nick Raynsford on a 10% swing. With " gentrification ", Fulham voters have been leaning towards the Conservatives since the 1980s as the area underwent huge demographic change: the tightly packed terraces which had housed working-class families employed in trade, engineering and the industry that dominated Fulham's riverside being gradually replaced with young professionals. In

8066-499: The east of the borough. Vacant land by the new railway sidings on the boundary with Kensington and Chelsea London Borough Council led to the development of the Earls Court Exhibition Centre , visited by Queen Victoria in 1879 when she attended Bill Cody 's Wild West Show at West Brompton . There followed numerous international fairs and exhibitions for a century until the construction of Earls Court II in

8175-490: The intervention of cemetery shareholder and Fulham resident, John Gunter. Meanwhile, another group of local landowners, led by Lord Kensington with Sir John Scott Lillie and others had conceived, in 1822, the idea of exploiting the water course up-river from Chelsea Creek on their land by turning it into a two-mile canal. It was to have a basin, a lock and wharves, to be known as the Kensington Canal , and link

8284-722: The late 1970s and the 1980s. Film music creator, Hans Zimmer double Oscar winner, launched his career in a studio behind the Lillie Langtry public house in Lillie Road in the 1970s. The most illustrious brewery in Fulham was the Swan Brewery , Walham Green, dating back to the 17th century. Among its patrons were kings and other royalty. It was followed by the North End Brewery in 1832, Cannons again in North End in 1867 and finally on account of temperance ,

8393-463: The main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: underground, metro, light rail, tram, 26.8% of all residents aged 16–74; bus, minibus or coach, 8.8%; on foot, 8.8%; driving a car or van, 8.2%; bicycle, 5.1%; work mainly at or from home, 4.2%; train, 3.1%. The See of London has occupied the Fulham Palace riverside grounds for close on 900 years. The Palace is leased to

8502-480: The merger of the former Metropolitan Boroughs of Fulham and Hammersmith. The name was changed to Hammersmith and Fulham in 1979. The borough borders Brent to the north, the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea to the east, Wandsworth to the south, Richmond upon Thames to the south west, and Hounslow and Ealing to the west. Traversed by the east–west main roads of the A4 Great West Road and

8611-407: The modern borough broadly corresponds to the ancient parish of Fulham , which was historically part of the county of Middlesex . The manor (estate) of Fulham can be traced back to the seventh century when it was granted to the Bishop of London. The chapelry of Hammersmith was given its own vestry in 1631, making it a separate civil parish from Fulham. From 1856 the area was governed by

8720-426: The more prosperous neighbourhood over the parish boundary. The last farm to function in Fulham was Crabtree Farm, which closed at the beginning of the 20th century. A principal recorder of all these changes was a local man, Charles James Féret (1854-1921), who conducted research over a period of decades before publishing his three volume history of Fulham in 1900. Ceramics and weaving in Fulham go back to at least

8829-648: The oldest gasholder in the World. In connection with gas property portfolios, in 1843 the newly formed Westminster Cemetery Company had trouble persuading the Equitable Gas people (a future Imperial take-over) to sell them a small portion of land to gain southern access, onto the Fulham Road , from their recently laid out Brompton Cemetery , over the parish border in Chelsea. The sale was finally achieved through

8938-677: The outbreak of the First World War sold out to Burnett's, producers of White Satin Gin, until a 1970s take-over by a Kentucky liquor business. None of the breweries remains. With its long history of brewing, Fulham still has a number of pubs and gastropubs . The oldest tavern is the Lillie Langtry in Lillie Road, originally the Lillie Arms named after its first freeholder, Sir John Scott Lillie, who built it in 1835 as part of

9047-537: The past been solid Labour territory. Michael Stewart , one time Foreign Secretary in the Wilson government , was its long-standing MP, from 1945 until he stood down in 1979. It became a politically significant part of the country, having been the scene of two major parliamentary by-elections in the 20th century. In 1933, the Fulham East by-election became known as the "peace by-election". The 1986 by-election following

9156-697: The public Mondays and Tuesdays, staffed mainly by volunteers, are accessed in Hammersmith Library. The borough is the home of an 1893 establishment, the Sacred Heart High School, Hammersmith on Hammersmith Broadway, and of Lady Margaret School (LMS) on Parsons Green , a school that welcomes girls of all academic abilities aged 11–17 years. It has been at the forefront of girls' education for over 95 years and has its origins in Whitelands College School which

9265-426: The reconciliation between Archbishop Theodore and Wilfrith . While bishop, he contributed to King Ine of Wessex 's law code, and is mentioned specifically in the code as a contributor. King Ine named Earconwald as an advisor on his laws and called Earconwald "my bishop" in the preface to his laws. Current historical scholarship credits Earconwald with a major role in the evolution of Anglo-Saxon charters, and it

9374-511: The remainder of the sides participating in the Middlesex Merit Tables. Public and private courts are available throughout the borough. Lower Mall hosted several rowing clubs at the end of the 19th century, of which there are two survivors and one founded slightly later. Among those who moved elsewhere or were disbanded were those in the headquarters of the national governing body, British Rowing, The Priory. The first half of

9483-565: The remaining 11 per cent. The borough has the second-highest proportion of single adults of any borough in England and Wales (55%), and a higher than average proportion for the London area of young adults aged 20–29 (24%). Around 50% of households are owner–occupiers , and 22% of households were listed as "other" – that is, not single persons living alone or families. These are generally two or more unrelated adults living together, such as students or cohabiting couples. The borough comprises

9592-457: The river. The recently built, wooden, first Fulham/Putney bridge is shown and two Fulham village clusters, one central, one south-west. The 19th century roused Walham Green village, and the surrounding hamlets that made up the parish of Fulham, from their rural slumber and market gardens with the advent first of power production and then more hesitant transport development. This was accompanied by accelerating urbanisation , as in other centres in

9701-513: The riverside and in other parts of the area. Excavations have also revealed Roman settlements during the third and fourth centuries AD. There are two not necessarily conflicting versions of how Fulham Manor came into the possession of the Bishop of London . One states the manor (landholding) of Fulham was granted to Bishop Erkenwald about the year 691 for himself and his successors as Bishop of London. The alternative has it that The Manor of Fulham

9810-482: The seat for the Labour Party. Hammersmith and Fulham is currently controlled by Labour. At the 2014 local elections , Labour won 11 seats from the Conservatives, giving them 26 councillors and control of the council (said to have been the then Prime Minister David Cameron 's "favourite") for the first time since 2006. The first organised sporting activity in Fulham took place at the Lillie Bridge Grounds in

9919-519: The shrine in 1448: " Pondus Cancelli ferrei ante Altare Sancti Erkenwaldi facti Ao Dni. 1448 per manus Stephani Clampard, fabri, sumptibus Decani et Capituli elevati ibidem vi. die Junii anno predicto, 3438 lb. precii cujuslibet lb. cum ferra 4d. Summa 641. 2s. Expens. in ferro 3438 lb. precio cujuslibet vs. Summa 8 li. 16 s. 8 d. Item in vasos ferri ixc precio ut supra. Summa xlv s. Item in Stannum ad dealban. Summa viij. li. (The weight of

10028-473: The southern stretch of North End Road to become Fulham's unofficial "High street" , almost a mile from the actual Fulham High Street , with its own department store, F.H. Barbers, along with Woolworth 's, Marks & Spencer and Sainsbury's outlets, all long gone. The second ever Tesco shop opened in the North End Road. The UK's reputedly oldest independent health-food shop , opened in 1966 by

10137-470: The time his relics were placed behind the high altar of St Paul's they were supposed to have been with the couch in which he was carried in his declining years, fragments of which were associated with miracles. In the time of Bede , it was recorded that miracles were effected by this couch. It is recorded that the servants of the church could only move the relics of St Erkenwald "clandestinely at night" because to do otherwise would have created hysteria among

10246-603: The turn of the century, the London Omnibus Co in Seagrave Road oversaw the transition of horse-drawn to motor buses, which were eventually integrated into London Transport and London Buses . This attracted a host of other automotive enterprises to move into the area. With the growth of 19th-century transport links into East Fulham and its sporting venues by ' Lillie Bridge ', along with the immediately neighbouring 24-acre Earl's Court exhibition grounds , and

10355-486: The vast the Empress Hall (see entertainment section below). During the First World War it would become accommodation for Belgian refugees. Meanwhile, the historic hamlet of North End was massively redeveloped in the 1880s by Messrs Gibbs & Flew, who built 1,200 houses on the fields. They had trouble disposing of the properties, so for public relations purposes, they renamed the area 'West Kensington', to refer to

10464-416: The wider new building which was built to replace the lost St. Paul's by Bishop Maurice. The body was transferred to a shrine in the cathedral in 1140. In 1314, Bishop Gilbert de Segrave laid the first stone of a new shrine to which the relics of St. Erkenwald were translated twelve years later. By accounts, the relics were sealed in a leaden casket fashioned in the form of "a gabled house or church". By

10573-418: The winter. This is thought to have been near the first bridge (which was made of wood). It was commonly named Fulham Bridge, built in 1729 and was replaced in 1886 with Putney Bridge. Margravine Road recalls the existence of Brandenburgh House , a riverside mansion built by Sir Nicholas Crispe in the time of Charles I, and used as the headquarters of General Fairfax in 1647 during the civil wars. In 1792 it

10682-453: Was a struggle between the canons of St. Paul's and the monks of Chertsey as to who should bury him, during which the people of London brought his body to St. Paul's. The people of London, bringing the body to the city, are supposed to have said: "We are like strong and vigorous men who will... undermine and overturn cities heavily fortified with men and weapons before we give up the servant of God, our protector... we ourselves intend that such

10791-525: Was acquired by Bishop Waldhere from Bishop Tyrhtel in AD 704. In due course the manor house became Fulham Palace , and for a millennium, the country residence of the Bishops of London . The first written record of a church in Fulham dates from 1154, with the first known parish priest of All Saints Church, Fulham appointed in 1242. All Saints Church was enlarged in 1881 by Sir Arthur Blomfield . Hammersmith

10900-477: Was confirmed in the time of Athelstan in 933. A legend says that he often preached to the woodmen in the wild forests that lay to the north of London. In 675, Earconwald became Bishop of London , succeeding Bishop Wine . He was the choice of Archbishop Theodore of Canterbury . It is also said that his selection as Bishop of London was at the insistence of King Sebbi . An ancient epitaph says that Earconwald served as bishop of London for eleven years. He

11009-414: Was discovered in 1757 by Thomas Percy ; the manuscript had been in the possession of Sir Humphrey Pitt of Balcony House, Shifnal, and Priorslee, Shropshire . Other important ancient literary materials narrowly avoided being burnt as kindling by household staff in the circumstances in which Percy was discovering this important cultural survival. The poem has been linked thematically and in plot terms with

11118-465: Was formed by the now culverted Counter's Creek river, the course of which is now occupied by the West London Line . This parish boundary has been inherited by the modern boroughs of Hammersmith & Fulham and Kensington & Chelsea . In 879 Danish invaders, sailed up the Thames and wintered at Fulham and Hammersmith. Raphael Holinshed (died 1580) wrote that the Bishop of London

11227-459: Was founded in 1842. When that school was threatened with closure Lady Margaret was established in September 1917 by the redoubtable Miss Enid Moberly Bell. The borough is also home to two prestigious independent girls' schools – St Paul's Girls' School in Brook Green (often ranked in first place in the country in league tables, with nearly 50% of each year group gaining entry to Oxbridge), and

11336-455: Was granted the manor (landholding) of Fulham about the year 691 for himself and his successors as Bishop of London . The manor house was Fulham Palace . Nine centuries later, it was the summer residence of the Bishops of London. Earconwald was an important contributor to the reconversion of Essex, and the fourth Bishop of London since the restoration of the diocese , and he was present at

11445-822: Was lodging in his manor place in 1141 when Geoffrey de Mandeville , riding out from the Tower of London , took him prisoner. During the Commonwealth the manor was temporarily out of the bishops' hands, having been sold to Colonel Edmund Harvey . In 1642, Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex withdrawing from the Battle of Brentford (1642) ordered to be put a bridge of boats on the Thames to unite with his detachment in Kingston in pursuit of Charles I , who ordered Prince Rupert to retreat from Brentford back west. The King and Prince moved their troops from Reading to Oxford for

11554-645: Was occupied by Charles Alexander, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach and his wife, and in 1820 by Caroline , consort of George IV . His non-political 'wife' was Maria Fitzherbert who lived in East End House in Parson's Green. They are reputed to have had several children. The extract below of John Rocque's Map of London, 1746 shows the Parish of Fulham in the loop of the Thames , with the boundary with Chelsea, Counter's Creek, narrow and dark, flowing east into

11663-528: Was on the approach to Putney Bridge and was designed by the prolific WGR Sprague , author of venues such as Wyndham's Theatre and the Aldwych Theatre in London's West End . It gave way to office blocks in the late 1950s. The 'Granville Theatre', founded by Dan Leno , to the design of Frank Matcham , once graced a triangle of land at Walham Green . After the Music hall era had passed, It served as

11772-412: Was part of the ancient parish of Fulham up until 1834. Prior to that time it had been a perpetual curacy under the parish of Fulham. By 1834 it had so many residents, a separate parish with a vicar (no longer a curate) and vestry for works was created. The two areas did not come together again until the commencement of the London Government Act in 1965. The parish boundary with Chelsea and Kensington

11881-412: Was said to have been repaired by Earconwald, and to have taken its name from him. Earconwald is said to have spent a good deal on the early building of St Paul's,and in later times he almost occupied the place of a traditionary founder; the veneration paid to him was second only to that which was rendered to St. Paul. Earconwald died in 693 while on a visit to Barking Abbey. His remains were buried at

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