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43-603: KIIS-FM extends its on-air signal by using a single full-power repeater , KVVS (105.5 FM) in Rosamond, California . KIIS-FM has consistently been rated the number-one radio station in the Los Angeles/ Orange County and Ventura County markets, averaging nearly one million listeners. As of December 2021, KIIS-FM is the only Top 40 station in the Los Angeles area, after Audacy's KNOU flipped to

86-439: A phototransistor which converts the light pulses to an electrical signal, an amplifier to increase the power of the signal, an electronic filter which reshapes the pulses, and a laser which converts the electrical signal to light again and sends it out the other fiber. However, optical amplifiers are being developed for repeaters to amplify the light itself without the need of converting it to an electric signal first. This

129-481: A receiver , the weaker the radio signal , and the poorer the reception. A repeater is an electronic device in a communication channel that increases the power of a signal and retransmits it, allowing it to travel further. Since it amplifies the signal, it requires a source of electric power . The term "repeater" originated with telegraphy in the 19th century, and referred to an electromechanical device (a relay ) used to regenerate telegraph signals. Use of

172-516: A CHR powerhouse in Los Angeles. In 1985, KIIS (AM) returned to a Top 40 format and simulcast KIIS-FM's morning and afternoon shows, while all other dayparts had different disc jockeys. This would last until around 1988, when it transitioned to a full-time simulcast when the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) relaxed the rules on major-market stations simulcasting each other. The simulcast continued until 1997, when

215-421: A city, or neighboring police departments). They may provide links to the public switched telephone network as well, or satellite network ( BGAN , INMARSAT , MSAT ) as an alternative path from source to the destination. Typically a repeater station listens on one frequency, A, and transmits on a second, B. All mobile stations listen for signals on channel B and transmit on channel A. The difference between

258-422: A linear amplifier, and may include electronic filters to compensate for frequency and phase distortion in the line. The digital repeater is used in channels that transmit data by binary digital signals , in which the data is in the form of pulses with only two possible values, representing the binary digits 1 and 0. A digital repeater amplifies the signal, and it also may retime, resynchronize, and reshape

301-478: A local morning show hosted by Trejo and Nikki. The station continued to air the nationally syndicated Rick Dees Weekly Top 40 program. In December 2002, 101.9 Kiss-FM signed off and KFMS began stunting for several days with a loop of " Welcome to the Jungle " by Guns N' Roses . In January 2003, the station debuted a rhythmic contemporary format with the branding "Wild 102" and the slogan "Where Hip Hop Lives";

344-495: A predictable level of reliable communication over the designed coverage area. Repeaters can be divided into two types depending on the type of data they handle: This type is used in channels that transmit data in the form of an analog signal in which the voltage or current is proportional to the amplitude of the signal, as in an audio signal. They are also used in trunklines that transmit multiple signals using frequency division multiplexing (FDM). Analog repeaters are composed of

387-425: A radio receiver connected to a radio transmitter. The received signal is amplified and retransmitted, often on another frequency, to provide coverage beyond the obstruction. Usage of a duplexer can allow the repeater to use one antenna for both receive and transmit at the same time. Radio repeaters improve communication coverage in systems using frequencies that typically have line-of-sight propagation . Without

430-517: A repeater, these systems are limited in range by the curvature of the Earth and the blocking effect of terrain or high buildings. A repeater on a hilltop or tall building can allow stations that are out of each other's line-of-sight range to communicate reliably. Radio repeaters may also allow translation from one set of radio frequencies to another, for example to allow two different public service agencies to interoperate (say, police and fire services of

473-492: A simulcast of KNX and changed its callsign to KNX-FM . The station at the 102.7 FM frequency first signed on in 1961 as KLAC-FM, a sister station to KLAC (570 AM ). It swapped frequencies with KRHM (which had gone on the air at 94.7 FM in 1948 as KFMV) in 1965. KRHM changed its call sign to KKDJ and flipped to contemporary hit radio (CHR, also known as Top 40) on April 15, 1971. The format lasted until 1975, when Combined Communications purchased KKDJ. The station's format

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516-408: A telephone line. They are most frequently used in trunklines that carry long distance calls. In an analog telephone line consisting of a pair of wires, it consists of an amplifier circuit made of transistors which use power from a DC current source to increase the power of the alternating current audio signal on the line. Since the telephone is a duplex (bidirectional) communication system,

559-413: A wire telephone line , some of the power in the electric current which represents the audio signal is dissipated as heat in the resistance of the copper wire. The longer the wire, the more power is lost, and the smaller the amplitude of the signal at the far end. So with a long enough wire the call will not be audible at the other end. Similarly, the greater the distance between a radio station and

602-414: A wire line or a radio link. While the repeater station is designed for simultaneous reception and transmission, mobile units need not be equipped with the bulky and costly duplexers, as they only transmit or receive at any time. Mobile units in a repeater system may be provided with a "talkaround" channel that allows direct mobile-to-mobile operation on a single channel. This may be used if out of reach of

645-416: Is a type of telephone repeater used in underwater submarine telecommunications cables . This is used to increase the range of signals in a fiber-optic cable . Digital information travels through a fiber-optic cable in the form of short pulses of light. The light is made up of particles called photons , which can be absorbed or scattered in the fiber. An optical communications repeater usually consists of

688-657: Is more localized when compared to other stations carrying the show. Trade publication Radio & Records named KIIS-FM its 2007 "Station of the Year" in the Contemporary Hit Radio/Top 40 category for market size 1–25 at its national convention. In December 2007, KIIS-FM's Antelope Valley simulcast on KOSS (97.7 FM) was moved to 105.5 FM , replacing the previous format as "105.5 The Oasis". The country music format at 103.1 FM in Tehachapi, California

731-796: Is on Black Mountain in Henderson . Prior to the use of the call letters in Las Vegas, there was an unrelated shortwave radio station called KWID during World War II. Based in San Francisco , the original KWID was commissioned by the federal government to reach an international audience. It served as the basis for what later became the Voice of America radio network. The station at 101.9 FM in Las Vegas signed on in 1963 as KRGN with an easy listening format. It took its call sign from its owner, E. W. Cragin. The Gilday Broadcasting Company bought

774-538: Is used to extend the range of coverage of a radio signal. The history of radio relay repeaters began in 1898 from the publication by Johann Mattausch in Austrian Journal Zeitschrift für Electrotechnik (v. 16, 35 - 36). But his proposal "Translator" was primitive and not suitable for use. The first relay system with radio repeaters, which really functioned, was that invented in 1899 by Emile Guarini-Foresio. A radio repeater usually consists of

817-621: The Antelope Valley , KYHT (105.3 FM) in Barstow / Victor Valley , and KFMS in Las Vegas created nearly continuous coverage of KIIS-FM between Los Angeles and Las Vegas. However, KFMS was branded as "KISS" instead of "KIIS". Over time, KFMS began adding more local disc jockeys, including Kate and Rick Kelly from KQOL-FM (93.1 FM). After KYHT flipped to hot adult contemporary in 2001, KFMS discontinued its simulcast of KIIS-FM, adjusted its format to include more hip hop music , and added

860-577: The AM station flipped to sports talk as KXTA, simulcasting with XETRA-AM in Tijuana/San Diego until 2005. In a 1996 deal in which Gannett acquired WTSP television in the Tampa, Florida market from Jacor / Citicasters , KIIS-AM-FM were acquired by Jacor/Citicasters, which in 1998, merged into Clear Channel Communications (now iHeartMedia ). After Clear Channel's acquisition of KAVS and KYHT ,

903-481: The day while returning to two separate stations in the evening hours. Unable to draw high ratings with adult contemporary, KIIS-FM began to evolve, first to Top 40 in 1976, then dance and disco music in 1978, and back to Top 40 in 1980. KIIS (AM) would keep its soft rock/AC format until late 1979. Just prior to this, Gannett Company purchased both the KIIS-AM-FM station pair and Combined Communications. In 1981,

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946-493: The format of KIIS (AM) was changed to religious talk and new call letters KPRZ were adopted. Rick Dees joined the station for mornings in July 1981 after KHJ switched formats to country music . Fill-in personality Dave Sebastian (Williams), working both the AM and FM stations at the time, hosted the vacated FM morning show until the arrival of Dees due to a non-compete clause in his contract. With Dees in mornings, KIIS became

989-437: The invention of electronic amplifiers, mechanically coupled carbon microphones were used as amplifiers in telephone repeaters. After the turn of the 20th century it was found that negative resistance mercury lamps could amplify, and they were used. The invention of audion tube repeaters around 1916 made transcontinental telephony practical. In the 1930s vacuum tube repeaters using hybrid coils became commonplace, allowing

1032-455: The last year before that station's towers were demolished. In February 2004, the decade-long general manager of KIIS-FM, Roy Laughlin, elected not to renew Rick Dees' contract, replacing him with Ryan Seacrest from sister station KYSR and retaining co-host Ellen K to team with Seacrest. Together, they created the nationally syndicated On-Air With Ryan Seacrest , which airs on many of iHeartMedia 's Top 40/CHR stations. The KIIS-FM version

1075-409: The light beam in an optical fiber cable ; and a radio repeater is a radio receiver and transmitter that retransmits a radio signal. A broadcast relay station is a repeater used in broadcast radio and television . When an information-bearing signal passes through a communication channel , it is progressively degraded due to loss of power. For example, when a telephone call passes through

1118-523: The new role, it was announced that Seacrest would begin to host On Air from a studio constructed at the facilities of WABC-TV (where the TV show is produced). The KIIS-FM show continues to air live, although the first hour will either be pre-recorded or handled mostly by co-host Sisanie. In October 2023, the station launched a new weekly K-pop show, K-Pop With Jojo , hosted by KIIS-FM afternoon host JoJo Wright . In January 2024, iHeartMedia began to syndicate

1161-526: The pulses. A repeater that performs the retiming or resynchronizing functions may be called a regenerator . KWID KWID (101.9 FM , " La Buena 101.9 ") is a commercial radio station that is licensed to Las Vegas, Nevada . The station is owned by Lotus Communications and broadcasts a Spanish-language adult hits format. The KWID studios are located in the unincorporated community of Spring Valley in Clark County and its transmitter

1204-413: The repeater system, or for communications not requiring the attention of all mobiles. The "talkaround" channel may be the repeater output frequency; the repeater will not retransmit any signals on its output frequency. An engineered radio communication system designer will analyze the coverage area desired and select repeater locations, elevations, antennas, operating frequencies and power levels to permit

1247-530: The same format. Since then, Clear Channel/iHeartMedia has regained the right to air commercials on their XM music channels. On June 1, 2022, the KIIS-FM simulcast left SiriusXM, with the launch and establishment of the iHeartRadio platform making the arrangement less important. In May 2017, Seacrest became co-host of the New York City-based syndicated talk show Live with Kelly . To accommodate

1290-473: The show to most iHeartMedia CHR stations. KIIS-FM's HD2 subchannel originally broadcast IHeartRadio 's all-dance " Evolution " network. In June 2019, KIIS-FM's HD2 subchannel stopped broadcasting the "Evolution" network and flipped to a simulcast of the analog audio with a 10-second delay. Repeater In telecommunications , a repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits it. Repeaters are used to extend transmissions so that

1333-414: The signal can cover longer distances or be received on the other side of an obstruction. Some types of repeaters broadcast an identical signal, but alter its method of transmission, for example, on another frequency or baud rate . There are several different types of repeaters; a telephone repeater is an amplifier in a telephone line , an optical repeater is an optoelectronic circuit that amplifies

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1376-429: The station in 1968. In 1974, the station changed its call sign to KFMS and flipped to an automated top 40 format branded "KFM 102". From 1978 to 1980, KFMS was an album-oriented rock outlet. On January 1, 1981, KFMS flipped to a country music format, retaining the "KFM 102" name. In 1997, Jacor Communications purchased Regent Communications and its stations, including KFMS, for $ 184.7 million. Jacor subsequently

1419-452: The term has continued in telephony and data communications . In computer networking , because repeaters work with the actual physical signal, and do not attempt to interpret the data being transmitted, they operate on the physical layer , the first layer of the OSI model ; a multiport Ethernet repeater is usually called a hub . This is used to increase the range of telephone signals in

1462-691: The two High Desert stations abandoned their previous modern rock format and together began serving as repeaters for KIIS-FM. Another simulcast, KIIS (1220 AM) in Santa Clarita , was added in 1999, as well as KFMS (101.9 FM) in Las Vegas . The grouping of KIIS-FM in Los Angeles, KIIS in Santa Clarita, KAVS (97.7 FM) in the Antelope Valley , KYHT (105.3 FM) in Barstow — Victor Valley , and KFMS in Las Vegas created nearly continuous coverage of KIIS-FM between Los Angeles and Las Vegas. (KFMS

1505-415: The two frequencies may be relatively small compared to the frequency of operation, say 1%. Often the repeater station will use the same antenna for transmission and reception; highly selective filters called "duplexers" separate the faint incoming received signal from the billions of times more powerful outbound transmitted signal. Sometimes separate transmitting and receiving locations are used, connected by

1548-525: The use of thinner wires. In the 1950s negative impedance gain devices were more popular, and a transistorized version called the E6 repeater was the final major type used in the Bell System before the low cost of digital transmission made all voiceband repeaters obsolete. Frequency frogging repeaters were commonplace in frequency-division multiplexing systems from the middle to late 20th century. This

1591-551: The wire pair carries two audio signals , one going in each direction. So telephone repeaters have to be bilateral, amplifying the signal in both directions without causing feedback, which complicates their design considerably. Telephone repeaters were the first type of repeater and were some of the first applications of amplification. The development of telephone repeaters between 1900 and 1915 made long-distance phone service possible. Now, most telecommunications cables are fiber-optic cables which use optical repeaters (below). Before

1634-573: Was branded as "KISS" instead of "KIIS".) However, this regional network was short-lived as KYHT broke its simulcast off in 2001 to become a repeater for KZXY-FM . Resulting from KYHT's flip from the KIIS-FM moniker, KFMS switched to all-local programming. KAVS was relocated from 97.7 to 105.5 FM in December 2007 and adopted the call sign KVVS. KIIS (AM) became KHTS in 2003. KIIS-FM was also simulcast on 850 AM in Thousand Oaks, California in

1677-401: Was changed to adult contemporary on October 22, 1975, at 6:00 a.m., during Charlie Tuna 's morning show when KKDJ began simulcasting with KIIS (1150 AM) with an on-air mock wedding, with KKDJ "marrying" KIIS. Meanwhile, KKDJ's call letters were changed to KIIS-FM. The spelling of "K-I-I-S" instead of KISS was because it resembled the AM frequency: "1150" = "IIS". The new merged station

1720-594: Was honored by the National Association of Broadcasters with the Marconi Award for CHR Station of the Year. On June 8, 2011, KIIS-FM began rebroadcasting on Sirius XM channel 11. At the end of 2003, Clear Channel replaced the KIIS simulcast with an exclusive KISS XM channel. In 2004, all XM music channels went commercial-free, and KIIS-FM was replaced with a unique-to-XM "KISS-XM" channel, retaining

1763-588: Was moved to 97.7 FM (now operating under 103.1's former call letters KTPI-FM) and is now branded as 97.7 KTPI. KSRY (103.1 FM) in Tehachapi became a simulcast of KYSR (98.7 FM, "Alt 98-7"). The station was, according to Radio & Records in 2008, the second-highest revenue billing radio station in the United States (behind WTOP-FM in Washington, D.C. ), with $ 66.3 million. In 2010, the station

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1806-608: Was purchased by Clear Channel Communications in 1999. On January 7, 2000, at 3 p.m., KFMS flipped to top 40 as "101.9 KISS-FM" . KFMS simulcast KIIS-FM in Los Angeles , including Rick Dees ' weekday morning program, while Buck Head from WFLZ-FM in Tampa hosted weeknights. The Buck Head Show was later syndicated back to KYSR (Star 98.7) in Los Angeles until he was eventually transferred to that market. The grouping of KIIS-FM (102.7 FM) in Los Angeles, KIIS (1220 AM) in Santa Clarita, California , KAVS (97.7 FM) in

1849-590: Was referred to as, "AM and FM, K-double-I-S." Making the transition from KKDJ to KIIS-FM were popular disc jockeys including Humble Harve, Jay Stevens, John Peters, Danny Martinez, and Charlie Tuna. Tuna, an iconic voice of Los Angeles radio, served as both program director and morning show host for KKDJ and KIIS-FM at the transition; he died in February 2016. In 1977, KIIS-FM hired Gary McKenzie as its news director; later, he went on to anchor at RKO Radio Networks and CBS . The AM and FM stations did simulcasts during

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