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16-557: Spanning an expanse of 138.52 km, with a population density of 399.4 people per square kilometre, Kaniola is home to a population of 60,906. It has a temperate climate with two seasons. Administratively, the Kaniola groupement is divided into six sub- groupements , including the chief town (Kaniola Center, although not officially endorsed by the chieftaincy or currently possessing legal status). These groupements are governed by traditional leaders referred to as ' mwamis .' Each groupement

32-406: A bloodline or " breed " superior in certain respects to the original base stock. Such animals can be recorded with a breed registry , the organisation that maintains pedigrees and/or stud books . The observable phenomenon of hybrid vigor stands in contrast to the notion of breed purity. For laboratory purposes, organisms such as mice have been inbred to 100% pure lines, as offered for sale by

48-572: A given area of endeavor. For example, when breeding swine for meat, the "breeding stock should be sound, fast growing, muscular, lean, and reproductively efficient." The "subjective selection of breeding stock" in horses has led to many horse breeds with particular performance traits. While breeding animals is common in an agricultural setting , it is also a common practice for the purpose of selling animals meant as pets , such as cats , dogs , horses , and birds , as well as less common animals, such as reptiles or some primates . Mating animals of

64-741: A repeating cycle. The President of Burundi has ruled since the start of the republic in 1966. As of 2020 the current Buha Kingdom in the Kigoma Region of Western Tanzania is led by a regional mwami . Traditional kingdoms in the North Kivu , South Kivu , and Maniema provinces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo call their traditional leaders mwami . The Luhya people of Western Kenya refer to their supreme ruler as Mwami . Animal breeding Animal breeding

80-544: Is a branch of animal science that addresses the evaluation (using best linear unbiased prediction and other methods) of the genetic value (estimated breeding value, EBV) of livestock. Selecting for breeding animals with superior EBV in growth rate, egg, meat, milk, or wool production, or with other desirable traits has revolutionized livestock production throughout the entire world. The scientific theory of animal breeding incorporates population genetics , quantitative genetics , statistics , and recently molecular genetics and

96-412: Is an honorific title common in parts of Central and East Africa . The title means chief or tribal chief in several Bantu languages. It was historically used by kings in several African nations, and is still used for traditional kings or rulers of regions within several African nation-states. In several Bantu languages − including Kirundi , Kinyarwanda , Nande , Lega , Luhya , and Chitonga −

112-411: Is based on the pioneering work of Sewall Wright , Jay Lush , and Charles Henderson . Breeding stock is a group of animals used for the purpose of planned breeding. When individuals are looking to breed animals, they look for certain valuable traits in purebred animals, or may intend to use some type of crossbreeding to produce a new type of stock with different, and presumably superior abilities in

128-708: Is replete with various minerals , including gold , cassiterite and orphamine . While agriculture is predominantly for subsistence , livestock is another important source of revenue and plays a significant social role in marriage among the Bashi . It is a source of leverage, prestige and wealth. Animal breeding assists many peasants in solving many of their financial, social, cultural and other problems: marriage, children's education , and visitors' receptions. Breeding mainly centers on cows , goats , sheep , chickens , pigs , rabbits , and guinea pigs . Mwami Mwami ( pronounced [mwɑmi, mŋɑmi] )

144-580: Is then subdivided into villages ( localités ) and is under the authority of customary chiefs. Kaniola groupement is subdivided into 53 villages: Established in 1921 as a collective of the Ngweshe Chiefdom within the Belgian Congo , the region was historically occupied by the Lega people , a Bantu -speaking ethnic group residing in the primordial forests of eastern Democratic Republic of

160-584: The Alliance des Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération du Congo (AFDL), Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie (RCD), Congrès National pour la Défense du Peuple (CNDP), and Forces Démocratiques de Libération du Rwanda (FDLR). The FDLR, a Rwandan Hutu political-military organization, was instigated in 2000 by the ex- FAR / Interahamwe in Zaire following the Rwandan genocide , aiming to consolidate

176-787: The Lenje and the Ila people of Zambia , and the Tonga people of Zambia and Zimbabwe also use the honorific. Mwami comes from the Proto-Bantu word "jámí" which meant chief, master, or king. In the Kingdom of Rwanda , the King of Rwanda was known as mwami (plural abami ). Since 1961, the nation has been led by the president of Rwanda . The Kingdom of Burundi was ruled by kings titled mwami , followed by one of four regnal names that followed

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192-781: The Rwandan Hutu refugee population in eastern Zaire to advocate for political dialogue, the formation of political parties, and integration into the army and public institutions. In May 2009, two officers from the 17th Integrated Brigade Battalion of FARDC were killed and one went missing subsequent to clashes with the FDLR in the Kabona and Luhago villages of the Nindja Chiefdom within the Kabare Territory , located more than 80 kilometers west of Bukavu . By July 2009,

208-602: The 421st FARDC Battalion successfully reclaimed the villages of Kafukiro and Kahamba from FDLR rebels. Both subsistence and industrial agriculture are an important component of Kaniola's economy. Subsistence agricultural products include bean , maize , sorghum , potato , tomato , banana , sweet potato , cassava , corn and rice . Subsistence farming provides food security for most families and communities but also enables rural producers to increase or decrease their income . As for industrial agriculture commodities, there are cinchona , coffee and tobacco . The subsoil

224-672: The Congo , between the African Great Lakes and the Lualaba River , in proximity to the Luba people . The conflict has devastated the region for nearly 30 years due to recurring wars and persistent ethnic conflicts . In 1996, 2004, 2005, 2006, and on the night of May 26 to 27, 2007, the region experienced several massacres, making it a focal point of ethnic strife. These atrocities perpetuated into various villages within Kaniola groupement in 2008, predominantly attributed to

240-415: The same breed for maintaining such breed is referred to as purebred breeding. Opposite to the practice of mating animals of different breeds, purebred breeding aims to establish and maintain stable traits, that animals will pass to the next generation. By "breeding the best to the best", employing a certain degree of inbreeding , considerable culling , and selection for "superior" qualities, one could develop

256-579: The word mwami means " tribal chief ". It is used as a title for the leader of tribal societies or chiefdoms in areas where those languages are spoken. In addition, mwami means either "chief" or " husband " in Luganda . It is used as a title for administrative chief in Luganda-speaking chiefdoms around the African Great Lakes region, though it can also be used as a general honorific for men, similar to English Mr. Traditional chiefs of

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