85-506: Kannurkari (Female) Kannur ( Malayalam: [kɐɳːuːr] ), formerly known in English as Cannanore , is a city and a municipal corporation in the state of Kerala , India . It is the administrative headquarters of the Kannur district and situated 274 kilometres (170 mi) north of the major port city and commercial hub Kochi and 137 kilometres (85 mi) south of
170-524: A 3rd-century BCE rock inscription by emperor Ashoka of Magadha . It was mentioned as one of four independent kingdoms in southern India during Ashoka's time, the others being the Cholas , Pandyas and Satyaputras . The Cheras transformed Kerala into an international trade centre by establishing trade relations across the Arabian Sea with all major Mediterranean and Red Sea ports as well those of
255-760: A copper slab within the Madayi Mosque in Kannur records its foundation year as 1124 CE. In his book on travels ( Il Milione ), Marco Polo recounts his visit to the area in the mid 1290s. Other visitors included Faxian , the Buddhist pilgrim and Ibn Batuta , writer and historian of Tangiers . The Kolathunadu in the late medieval period emerged into independent 10 principalities i.e., Kadathanadu ( Vadakara ), Randathara or Poyanad ( Dharmadom ), Kottayam ( Thalassery ), Nileshwaram , Iruvazhinadu ( Panoor , Kurumbranad etc., under separate royal chieftains due to
340-714: A huge impact on the history of Kannur. Changes in the socio-economic and political sectors in Kerala during the initial decades of the 20th century created conditions congenial for the growth of the Communist Party. Extension of English education initiated by Christian missionaries in 1906 and later carried forward by government, rebellion for wearing a cloth to cover upper parts of body, installing an idol at Aruvippuram in 1888, Malayali Memorial in 1891, establishment of SNDP Yogam in 1903, activities, struggles etc. became factors helpful to accelerate changes in Kerala society during
425-408: A mixture of cashew, raisins and sugar), pazham nirachathu (ripe banana filled with coconut grating, molasses or sugar), muttamala made of eggs , chatti pathiri , a dessert made of flour, like a baked, layered chapati with rich filling, arikkadukka , and more. Kannur has a good road network connecting to Mangalore , Bangalore , Mysore , Kodagu and Cochin . The railway station
510-1776: A proposal for railway line has also been mooted. In the 2016–17 Union Railway budget, ₹ 4 billion (US$ 48 million) were dedicated for this under Extra Budgetary Resource (EBR) in which a part of the bill will be borne by the State Government towards the railway line. Literature: Sukumar Azhikode , Oyyarathu Chandu Menon , Cherusseri Namboothiri , N. Prabhakaran , T. Padmanabhan , T. K. D. Muzhappilangad Sports: Manuel Frederick , Jimmy George , V. P. Sathyan , Denson Devadas , C. K. Vineeth , Sahal Abdul Samad , Tintu Luka , Chundangapoyil Rizwan Political leaders: M. V. Raghavan , Pinarayi Vijayan , K. Karunakaran , E. K. Nayanar , K. K. Shailaja , E. Ahamed , Kodiyeri Balakrishnan , E. P. Jayarajan , Kadannappalli Ramachandran , K. Sudhakaran Actors: Sreenivasan , M. N. Nambiar , Malavika Mohanan , Samvrutha Sunil , Mamta Mohandas , Vineeth , Vineeth Kumar , Deepak Parambol , Sanusha , Sanoop Santhosh , Nikhila Vimal , Nivetha Thomas , Sreekala Sasidharan , Sneha Paliyeri , Anju Aravind , Athmiya Rajan , Sruthi Lakshmi , Parvathy Nambiar , Ganapathi S Poduval , Madonna Sebastian , Sana Khan , Santhosh Keezhattoor Filmmakers: Bejoy Nambiar , Salim Ahamed , Vineeth Sreenivasan , Dhyan Sreenivasan Music (Composers): Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri , Kannur Rajan , Deepak Dev , Ifthi , Shaan Rahman , Sushin Shyam , Sayanora Philip Music (Playback singers): Vineeth Sreenivasan , Shaan Rahman , Sushin Shyam , Sayanora Philip , Arun Alat Cities in India This
595-530: A sandy coastal area. The city has an 8 kilometres (5.0 miles)-long seashore and a 3 kilometres (1.9 miles)-long beach at Payyambalam . Kannur is located north of Kozhikode , south of Kasargod and Mangalore , west of the Western Ghat regions of Kodagu and Wayanad , and east of the Laccadive Sea . Mappila Bay harbour at Ayikkara . On one side, there is St. Angelo Fort (built in 1505) and on
680-465: A short time. These movements eventually coalesced into the Indian independence movement . Very soon, ideas about socialism and Soviet Revolution reached Kerala. Such ideas got propagated in Kerala through the works of Swadeshabhimani Ramakrishna Pillai , Sahodaran Ayyappan , P. Kesavadev and others. By the beginning of the 1930s, some other useful developments were taking place. Important among them
765-530: A treaty with the Raja. The St. Angelo Fort at Kannur was built in 1505 by Dom Francisco de Almeida , the first Portuguese Viceroy of India. The Dutch captured the fort from the Portuguese in 1663. They modernised the fort and built the bastions Hollandia, Zeelandia, and Frieslandia that are the major features of the present structure. The original Portuguese fort was pulled down later. A painting of this fort and
850-522: Is South Malabar aka Kozhikode it's included present kozhikode and Thamarassery taluk , south wayanad it's included present kalpetta and sulthan battery places, Eranad Taluk which comes under present Malappuram District, Palakkad District and Chavakkad taluk of Thrissur district. During the British rule , the Malabar's chief importance laid in producing pepper , tiles , and Coconut. In
935-565: Is a list of the most populous cities in India . Cities are a type of sub-administrative unit and are defined by the Ministry of Home Affairs . In some cases, cities are bifurcated into municipalities , which can lead to cities being included within other cities. This list is based on the Census of India using data from the 2001 census of India and the 2011 census of India . The list includes
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#17327973297001020-730: Is also the point of highest altitude in India outside the Himalayas , lies parallel to the Malabar Coast on the Western Ghats . The region parallel to the Malabar Coast gently slopes from the eastern highland of Western Ghats ranges to the western coastal lowland. The moisture-laden winds of the Southwest monsoon, on reaching the southernmost point of the Indian subcontinent , because of its topography, divide into two branches;
1105-480: Is also used by ecologists to refer to the Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests of southwestern India (present-day Kerala). Geographically, the Malabar Coast can be divided into three climatically distinct regions: the eastern highlands; rugged and cool mountainous terrain, the central mid-lands; rolling hills, and the western lowlands; coastal plains. The Western Ghats mountain range lie parallel to
1190-403: Is also well connected to all parts of India. The Kannur International Airport which is about 26 km from the city began operations on 9 December 2018 and is the fourth international airport in the state. Other nearby airports are at Calicut , Mysore and Mangalore . Kannur is on National Highway 66 or NH 66 (formerly National Highway 17) between Kozhikode and Mangalore . This highway
1275-442: Is headed by a commissioner, an Indian Police Service (IPS) officer. The city is divided into some zones each under a circle officer. Apart from regular law and order, the city police comprise the traffic police, bomb squad, dog squad, fingerprint bureau, women's cell, juvenile wing, narcotics cell, riot force, armed reserve camps, district crime records bureau and a women's station. It operates several police stations functioning under
1360-712: Is located at Dharmashala, Kannur 16 km (9.9 mi) north of Kannur City. Many local cable television channels are available in Kannur. The most popular cable channels are City Channel, City Gold, City Juke, Network Channels, Zeal Network, Kannur Vision, World Vision, Worldvision Music, Chakkarakkal, Gramika channel Koothuparamba and Kannurone. All India Radio is broadcast in Kannur at 101.5 MHz. Private FM radio stations in Kannur include: Radio Mango 91.9 ( Malayala Manorama Co Ltd ), Club FM 94.3 ( Mathrubhumi Printing And Publishing Co Ltd ), Red FM 93.5 ( Sun Network ) and Best FM 95.0 (Asianet Communications Ltd). A number of newspapers are published from Kannur, including
1445-529: Is located north of the city. Only passenger trains halt at these three stations. Kannur International Airport in Mattanur was inaugurated on 9 December 2018. It is the fourth international airport in Kerala. The airport has a 4,000 metres (13,000 ft) runway (the longest in the State) and state of the art passenger terminal as well other amenities. It is well connected by a comprehensive network of roads and
1530-553: Is located the exact opposite side of the state. Part of the original city of Kannur was under Kerala's only Muslim Royalty called the Arakkal and this area is still known as city. The Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama arrived at Kappad Kozhikode in 1498 during the Age of Discovery , thus opening a direct sea route from Europe to South Asia. In 1501 a Portuguese factory was planted here by Pedro Álvares Cabral , and in 1502 da Gama made
1615-450: Is often used to denote the entire southwestern coast of India. Additionally, European traders and scholars referred to Tamils of Sri Lanka as Malabars . In the 18th century, J. P. Fabricius described his Tamil-English Dictionary as the "Dictionary of Malabar and English". The term Malabar Coast , in historical contexts, refers to India's southwestern coast, which lies on the narrow coastal plain of Karnataka and Kerala between
1700-600: Is over 845 km (525 mi) long and stretches from the coast of southwestern Maharashtra , along the region of Goa, through the entire western coast of Karnataka and Kerala, and up to Kanyakumari . It is flanked by the Arabian Sea on the west and the Western Ghats on the east. The southern part of this narrow coast is referred to as the South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests . Malabar
1785-716: Is scheduled to be expanded to four lanes. A bypass for Kannur city is proposed under the NH widening project. Kannur is connected to Kodagu , Mysore and Bangalore in Karnataka by the Kannur- Coorg - Mysore Highway. This highway was upgraded to National Highway in 2017. Kannur railway station is one of the major stations of the Southern Railway zone , under the jurisdiction of the Palakkad . All trains including
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#17327973297001870-613: Is the longest drive-in beach in Asia and appeared among the top six best beaches for driving in the world in a BBC Top Gear article. During British rule , Kannur's chief importance laid in producing Thalassery pepper . The earliest evidence of human habitation in the region are rock-cut caves and megalithic burial sites of the Neolithic age. The Taliparamba -Kannur- Thalassery area abounds in rock-cut caves, dolmens , burial stone circles and menhirs , all of megalith . Kannur District
1955-486: The Malayala Manorama , Mathrubhumi , Madhyamam , Deshabhimani , Deepika , Rashtra Deepika , Chandrika , Kerala Kaumudi , Mangalam , Janmabhumi , Veekshanam, Thejas , Siraj , Suprabhaatham , Janayugom and The New Indian Express . The Kannur cuisine depicts it culture and heritage. It is famous for Malabar biriyani . The city is also famous for Haluva called as Sweet Meat by Europeans due to
2040-716: The Battle of Thrissur in 1763. Despite fierce resistance, the Zamorin's troops retreated, leading to their eventual evacuation from Cochin Territory. In pursuit of peace, the Zamorin agreed to indemnify Travancore for war expenses and vowed perpetual friendship, marking a triumph of strategy and valor led by Pillai. After the Dutch were defeated by Travancore king Marthanda Varma , the British crown gained control over Kerala through
2125-495: The British Indian Empire , along with the municipalities of Thalassery , Kozhikode , Palakkad and Fort Kochi , making them the first modern municipalities in the state. It was upgraded into a municipal corporation in 2015. Kannur Cantonment is the only cantonment board in Kerala. The Indian Naval Academy at Ezhimala is Asia's largest, and the world's third-largest, naval academy. Muzhappilangad beach
2210-674: The Dutch , French and the British East India companies took centre stage during the colonial wars in India. Travancore became the most dominant state in Kerala by defeating the powerful Zamorin of Kozhikode in the battle of Purakkad in 1755. Paliath Achan of Cochin and Travancore united to expel the Zamorin of Calicut from Kochi territories. Under Martanda Pillai's leadership, Travancore's Nair forces , with General de Lannoy's guidance, successfully captured Thrissur in
2295-698: The Edakkal Caves , in Wayanad date back to the Neolithic era around 6000 BCE. The Malabar Coast has been a major spice exporter since 3000 BCE, according to Sumerian records and it is still referred to as the "Garden of Spices" or as the "Spice Garden of India". Kerala 's spices attracted ancient Arabs , Babylonians , Assyrians and Egyptians to the Malabar Coast in the 3rd and 2nd millennia BCE. Phoenicians established trade with Malabar during this period. Arabs and Phoenicians were
2380-518: The Far East . The dominion of Cheras was located in one of the key routes of the ancient Indian Ocean trade . The early Cheras collapsed after repeated attacks from the neighboring Cholas and Rashtrakutas . During the early Middle Ages , Namboodiri Brahmin immigrants arrived in Kerala and shaped the society on the lines of the caste system . In the 8th century, Adi Shankara was born at Kalady in central Kerala. He travelled extensively across
2465-496: The Indian subcontinent founding institutions of the widely influential philosophy of Advaita Vedanta . The Cheras regained control over Kerala in the 9th century until the kingdom was dissolved in the 12th century, after which small autonomous chiefdoms, most notably the Kingdom of Kozhikode , arose. The 13th century Venetian explorer, Marco Polo , would visit and write of his stay in the province. The port at Kozhikode acted as
2550-766: The Malabar Coast , this city receives heavy rainfall during the Southwest monsoon . The annual average rainfall is 3,438 millimetres or 135 inches, around 68 per cent of which is received in summer. Kannur municipality was formed on 1 November 1866 according to the Madras Act 10 of 1865 (Amendment of the Improvements in Towns act 1850) of the British Indian Empire , along with the municipalities of Thalassery , Kozhikode , Palakkad , and Fort Kochi , making them
2635-643: The Malabar Coast . During the period of British colonial rule , Kannur was part of the Madras province in the Malabar District. In 1761, the British captured Mahé , and the settlement was handed over to the ruler of Kadathanadu . The British restored Mahé to the French as a part of the 1763 Treaty of Paris. In 1779, the Anglo-French war broke out, resulting in the French loss of Mahé . In 1783,
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2720-511: The Persian / Arabic word Barr (country/continent). The first element of the name is first attested in the Topography written by Cosmas Indicopleustes (6th century CE), which indicates that Arab sailors call Kerala Male already at that time. The Topography mentions a pepper emporium called Male , which clearly gave its name to Malabar ('the country of Male'). The second part of
2805-494: The Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express and Kochuveli Garib Rath stop at Kannur. Six daily trains and around 15 weekly or bi-weekly trains connect Kannur to the capital Thiruvananthapuram . Kannur is well connected through rail with Mangalore and Kozhikode . Kannur South railway station and Edakkad railway stations are located under Kannur Corporation limits. Chirakkal railway station
2890-532: The Western Ghats range and the Arabian Sea . The coast runs from south of Goa to Kanyakumari on India's southern tip. India's southeastern coast is called the Coromandel Coast . In ancient times the term Malabar was used to denote the entire south-western coast of the Indian peninsula. The region formed part of the ancient kingdom of Chera until the early 12th century. Following the breakup of
2975-726: The oldest mosques in the Indian subcontinent . According to the Legend of Cheraman Perumals , the first Indian mosque was built in 624 AD at Kodungallur with the mandate of the last ruler (the Cheraman Perumal) of Chera dynasty , who left from Dharmadom to Mecca and converted to Islam during the lifetime of Muhammad (c. 570–632). According to Qissat Shakarwati Farmad , the Masjids at Kodungallur , Kollam , Madayi , Barkur , Mangalore , Kasaragod , Kannur, Dharmadam , Panthalayani , and Chaliyam , were built during
3060-464: The " Arabian Sea Branch" and the " Bay of Bengal Branch". The "Arabian Sea Branch" of the Southwest monsoon first hits the Western Ghats, making Kerala the first state in India to receive rain from the Southwest monsoon. The Malabar Coast is a source of biodiversity in India. According to William Logan , the word Malabar comes from a combination of the Dravidian word Mala (mountain) and
3145-548: The British agreed to restore to the French their settlements in India, and Mahé was handed over to the French in 1785. Initially the British had to suffer local resistance against their rule under the leadership of Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja , who had popular support in Thalassery - Wayanad region. The guerrilla war launched by Pazhassi Raja , the ruler of Kottayam province, against the East India Company had
3230-531: The Chera Kingdom, the chieftains of the region proclaimed their independence. Notable among these were the Zamorins of Kozhikode , Kolathunadu , Perumbadappu Swaroopam , Venad , Kingdom of Valluvanad of Kingdom of Valluvanad . The name Malabar Coast is sometimes used as an all-encompassing term for the entire Indian coast from Konkan to the tip of the subcontinent at Kanyakumari. This coast
3315-623: The Elder mentioned that Limyrike was prone by pirates. The Cosmas Indicopleustes mentioned that the Limyrike was a source of Malabar peppers . In the last centuries BCE the coast became important to the Greeks and Romans for its spices, especially Malabar pepper. The Cheras had trading links with China , West Asia , Egypt , Greece , and the Roman Empire . In foreign-trade circles
3400-522: The Himalaya mountains. Malabar's western coastal belt is relatively flat compared to the eastern region, and is criss-crossed by a network of interconnected brackish canals, lakes, estuaries , and rivers known as the Kerala Backwaters . The Kuttanad region, also known as The Rice Bowl of Kerala , has the lowest altitude in India . The country's longest lake Vembanad , dominates
3485-547: The Home Ministry of Government of Kerala . Religions in Kannur City (2011) source: Kannur City Census 2011 data According to the 2011 census of India, Kannur city has a population of 232,486. Males constitute 46.2% of the population and females 53.8%. Kannur has an average literacy rate of 96.23%, higher than the national average of 74.04%. Male literacy is 98% and female literacy is 94%. In Kannur, 12% of
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3570-541: The Malabar Coast including the western coastal lowlands and the plains of the midland may have been under the sea in ancient times. Marine fossils have been found in an area near Changanassery , thus supporting the hypothesis. Pre-historical archaeological findings include dolmens of the Neolithic era in the Marayur area of the Idukki district , which lie on the eastern highland made by Western Ghats . Rock engravings in
3655-660: The Phoenicians. According to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea , a region known as Limyrike began at Naura and Tyndis . However, the Ptolemy mentions only Tyndis as the Limyrike ' s starting point. The region probably ended at Kanyakumari ; it thus roughly corresponds to the present-day Malabar Coast. The value of Rome's annual trade with the region was estimated at 50,000,000 sesterces . Pliny
3740-491: The Western Malabar Coast, thus accessing the marine route through Arabian Sea . The first railway line of Kerala from Tirur to Beypore in 1861 was laid for it. With India's independence, Madras presidency became Madras State , which was divided along linguistic lines on 1 November 1956, whereupon Kasaragod region was merged with the Malabar immediately to the north and the state of Travancore-Cochin to
3825-427: The backwaters; it lies between Alappuzha and Kochi and is about 200 km (77 sq mi) in area. Around eight percent of India's waterways are found in Kerala. The term Malabar Coast is sometimes used as an all-encompassing term for the entire Indian coast from the western coast of Konkan to the tip of the subcontinent at Cape Comorin . It is over 525 miles or 845 kilometers long. It spans from
3910-436: The cities and not urban agglomerations . Definitions: The cities listed in bold are the capitals of the respective state or union territory and New Delhi , the capital of India. Malabar Coast The Malabar Coast is the southwestern region of the Indian subcontinent . It generally refers to the western coastline of India stretching from Konkan to Kanyakumari . Geographically, it comprises one of
3995-607: The city of Kannur. The island of Dharmadom near Kannur, along with Thalassery , was ceded to the East India Company as early as 1734, which were claimed by all of the Kolattu Rajas , Kottayam Rajas , Mannanar and Arakkal Bibi in the late medieval period, where the British initiated a factory and English settlement following the cession . Then the East India Company captured the fort Kannur in 1790 and used it as one of their major military stations on
4080-544: The coast on the eastern highland and separate the plains from the Deccan Plateau . These mountains recognised as one of the world's eight "hottest hotspots" of biological diversity and is listed among UNESCO World Heritage Sites . The peak of Anamudi in Kerala is the highest peak in India outside the Himalayas , is at an elevation of 2,695 m (8,842 ft). The chain's forests are considered to be older than
4165-540: The coastal belt between Mangalore and Kozhikode . Karkanadu consisted of Wayanad - Gudalur hilly region with parts of Kodagu (Coorg). It is said that Nannan, the most renowned ruler of Ezhimala dynasty, took refuge at Wayanad hills in the 5th century CE when he was lost to Cheras , just before his execution in a battle, according to the Sangam works . According to Kerala Muslim tradition, Kannur along with surrounding Madayi and Dharmadom were home to three of
4250-658: The creation of the Malabar District in northern Kerala and by allying with the newly created princely state of Travancore in the southern part of the state until India was declared independent in 1947. The state of Kerala was created in 1956 from the former state of Travancore-Cochin , the Malabar district and the Kasaragod taluk of South Canara District of Madras state . After the Anglo-Mysore wars,
4335-420: The era of Malik Dinar , and they are among the oldest Masjid s in the Indian subcontinent . It is believed that Malik Dinar died at Thalangara in Kasaragod town. Ezhimala kingdom was succeeded by Mushika dynasty in the early medieval period, most possibly due to the migration of Tuluva Brahmins from Tulu Nadu . The Mushika-vamsha Mahakavya , written by Athula in the 11th century, throws light on
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#17327973297004420-419: The first modern municipalities in the state. It was upgraded into a Municipal Corporation in the year 2015. The city is administered by the Kannur Municipal Corporation , headed by a mayor. The corporation is headed by a Mayor and council, and manages 78.35 km of Kannur city, with a population of about 232,486 within that area. For administrative purposes, the city is divided into 55 divisions, from which
4505-416: The first to enter the Malabar Coast to trade Spices . The Arabs on the coasts of Yemen , Oman , and the Persian Gulf , must have made the first long voyage to Malabar and other eastern countries . They must have brought the Cinnamon of Malabar to the Middle East . The Greek historian Herodotus (5th century BCE) records that in his time the cinnamon spice industry was monopolized by the Egyptians and
4590-399: The fishing ferry behind it can be seen in the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam. The Dutch sold the fort to king Ali Raja of Arakkal in 1772. During the 17th century, Kannur was the capital city of the only Muslim Sultanate in Kerala, known as Arakkal , who also ruled the Laccadive Islands in addition to the city of Kannur. Arakkal Kingdom and Chirakkal kingdom were two vassal kingdoms based in
4675-429: The gateway to medieval South Indian coast for the Chinese , the Arabs , the Portuguese , the Dutch , and finally the British . In 1498, Vasco Da Gama established a sea route to Kozhikode during the Age of Discovery , which was also the first modern sea route from Europe to South Asia , and raised Portuguese settlements, which marked the beginning of the colonial era of India. European trading interests of
4760-416: The major port city and a commercial hub, Mangalore . During the period of British colonial rule in India , when Kannur was a part of the Malabar District (Madras Presidency), the city was known as Cannanore. Kannur is the fifth largest urban agglomeration in Kerala. As of 2011 census, Kannur Municipal Corporation , the local body which administers mainland area of city, had a population of 232,486. Kannur
4845-456: The medieval period, and have served as centers of the Indian Ocean trade for millennia. Because of their orientation to the sea and to maritime commerce, the Malabar coast cities feel very cosmopolitan , and have been home to some of the first groups of Jews (known today as Cochin Jews ), Syrian Christians (known as Saint Thomas Christians ), Muslims (presently known as Mappilas ), and Anglo-Indians in India. A substantial portion of
4930-534: The members of the corporation council are elected for five years. Kannur Municipal Corporation is divided into six zones: Kannur town, Pallikunnu , Puzhathi , Edakkad , Elayavoor , and Chelora . Kannur Corporation is the fifth City Corporation in Kerala after the creation of the state. Established in 2015, Kannur Corporation's first mayor was E. P. Latha. Kannur corporation has two assembly constituencies – Kannur and Azhikode – both of which are part of Kannur parliamentary constituency. The Kannur City Police
5015-405: The name is thought by scholars to be the Arabic word barr ('continent') or its Persian relative bar ('country'). Al-Biruni (AD 973 - 1048) is the first known writer to use the name Malabar . Authors such as Ibn Khordadbeh and Al-Baladhuri mention Malabar ports in their works. The Arab writers had called this place Malibar , Manibar , Mulibar , and Munibar . Malabar is reminiscent of
5100-424: The north to Korapuzha ( Kozhikode ) in the south with Arabian Sea on the west and Kodagu hills on the eastern boundary, also including the isolated islands of Lakshadweep in the Arabian Sea . An Old Malayalam inscription ( Ramanthali inscriptions ), dated to 1075 CE, mentioning king Kunda Alupa, the ruler of Alupa dynasty of Mangalore , can be found at Ezhimala near Kannur. The Arabic inscription on
5185-419: The old administrative records of the Madras Presidency , it is recorded that the most remarkable plantation owned by Government in the erstwhile Madras Presidency was the Teak plantation at Nilambur planted in 1844. The District of Malabar and the ports at Beypore and Fort Kochi had some sort of importance in the erstwhile Madras Presidency as it was one of the two districts of the Presidency that lies on
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#17327973297005270-468: The other side is Arakkal palace . Muzhappilangad Beach , the longest Drive-in Beach in Asia, is located in Kannur. Vayalapra Lake is near Madayi . Kannur experiences a very wet tropical monsoon climate ( Am under the Köppen climate classification .) In the months of April and May, the average daily maximum temperature is about 35 °C (95 °F). Temperatures are moderate in December and January: about 24 °C or 75.2 °F. Like other areas on
5355-482: The other specialties. The characteristic use of spices is the hallmark of Kannur cuisine— black pepper , cardamom and clove are used profusely. The Kerala version of biryani , popularly known as kuzhi mandi in Malayalam is another popular item, which has an influence from Yemen . Various varieties of biriyanis like Thalassery biriyani , and Kannur biriyani , are prepared here. The snacks include unnakkaya (deep-fried, boiled ripe banana paste covering
5440-527: The outcome of internal dissensions. The Nileshwaram dynasty on the northernmost part of Kolathiri dominion, were relatives to both Kolathunadu as well as the Zamorin of Calicut , in the early medieval period. Kannur was an important trading center in the 12th century, with active business connections with Persia and Arabia . The port at Kozhikode held the superior economic and political position in medieval Kerala coast, while Kannur, Kollam , and Kochi , were commercially important secondary ports, where
5525-446: The parts of the Malabar Coast, those became British colonies, were organized into a district of British India . The British district included the present-day districts of Kannur , Kozhikode , Wayanad , Malappuram , much of Palakkad (Excluding Chittur taluk), some parts of Thrissur ( Chavakkad Taluk), and the Fort Kochi region of Ernakulam district , besides the isolated islands of Lakshadweep . The administrative headquarters
5610-407: The patronage of Ptolemy VIII , king of the Hellenistic Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt. Roman establishments in the port cities of the region, such as a temple of Augustus and barracks for garrisoned Roman soldiers, are marked in the Tabula Peutingeriana , the only surviving map of the Roman cursus publicus . The term Kerala was first epigraphically recorded as Ketalaputo ( Cheras ) in
5695-515: The population is under six years of age. The Anglo-Indian community in Kannur live mainly in the Kannur Cantonment of Burnacherry and its surrounding areas of Thillery, No.3 Bazaar and Camp Bazaar. Malayalam is the administrative and local language. Indian Naval Academy is situated in Ezhimala , Kannur. Naval cadets are trained here in 2500 acres vast campus. Kannur District has five Kendriya Vidyalaya at Kannur, Keltron Nagar, Payyanur, Ezhimala, and Thalassery, Peringome. Kannur University
5780-440: The port at Tyndis , was ruled by the kingdom of Ezhimala during the Sangam period . According to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea , a region known as Limyrike began at Naura and Tyndis . However the Ptolemy mentions only Tyndis as the Limyrike ' s starting point. The region probably ended at Kanyakumari ; it thus roughly corresponds to the present-day Malabar Coast . The value of Rome 's annual trade with
5865-449: The recorded past of the Mushika Royal Family up until that point. The Indian anthropologist Ayinapalli Aiyappan states that a powerful and warlike clan of the Bunt community of Tulu Nadu was called Kola Bari and the Kolathiri Raja of Kolathunadu was a descendant of this clan. The kingdom of Kolathunadu , who were the descendants of Mushika dynasty , at the peak of its power reportedly extended from Netravati River ( Mangalore ) in
5950-413: The region was estimated at around 50,000,000 sesterces . Pliny the Elder mentioned that Limyrike was prone by pirates. The Cosmas Indicopleustes mentioned that the Limyrike was a source of peppers. The kingdom of Ezhimala had jurisdiction over two Nadu s – The coastal Poozhinadu and the hilly eastern Karkanadu . According to the works of Sangam literature , Poozhinadu consisted much of
6035-419: The region was known as Male or Malabar . Muziris , Tyndis , Naura (near Kannur ), and Nelcynda were among the principal ports at that time. Contemporary Sangam literature describes Roman ships coming to Muziris in Kerala, laden with gold to exchange for Malabar pepper . One of the earliest western traders to use the monsoon winds to reach Kerala was Eudoxus of Cyzicus , around 118 or 166 BCE, under
6120-448: The south-western coast of Maharashtra and goes along the coastal region of Goa , through the entire western coast of Karnataka and Kerala and reaches till Kanyakumari . It is flanked by the Arabian Sea on the west and the Western Ghats on the east. The Southern part of this narrow coast is the South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests . Climate-wise, the Malabar Coast, especially on its westward-facing mountain slopes, comprises
6205-577: The state of Kerala a teaching, residential and affiliating university so as to provide for the development of higher education in Kasargod and Kannur revenue districts and the Mananthavady Taluk of Wayanad district. Kannur University is a multi-campus university. Government Brennen College , the first college in Kannur, established in the year 1862, provide education to more than 2500 students. Government College of Engineering, Kannur
6290-581: The texture of the sweet. Another specialty is banana chips , which are made crisp and wafer-thin. Other popular dishes include seafood preparations ( prawns , mussels , mackerel ) . Vegetarian fare includes the sadya . Kannur cuisine is a blend of traditional Kerala , Persian , Yemenese and Arab food culture. This confluence of culinary cultures is best seen in the preparation of most dishes. Kallummakkaya ( mussels ) curry , irachi puttu ( irachi meaning meat), parottas (soft flatbread), Pathiri (a type of rice pancake) and ghee rice are some of
6375-446: The traders from various parts of the world would gather. Kannur served as the East India Company military headquarters on India's west coast until 1887. The modern town is referred to as Kannur Town. Kannur, as a district and surrounding areas, were mostly ruled by the famous Kolathiri Rajas . When the state of Kerala was formed the district took the name Kannur since the administrative offices were established here. Before that, Kannur
6460-594: The wettest region of southern India, as the Western Ghats intercept the moisture-laden Southwest monsoon rains. The Malabar rainforests include these ecoregions recognized by biogeographers : The Monsooned Malabar coffee bean comes from this area. The Malabar Coast featured (and in some instances still does) several historic port cities. Notable among these were/are Naura , Vizhinjam , Muziris , Nelcynda , Beypore and Thundi (near Ponnani or Kadalundi ) during ancient times, and Kozhikode (Calicut), Kollam , Ponnani , Kannur (Cannanore), and Cochin in
6545-464: The wettest regions of the subcontinent, which includes the Kanara region of Karnataka , all of Kerala and Kanyakumari region of Tamil Nadu . Kuttanad , which is the point of the lowest altitude in India , lies on the Malabar Coast. Kuttanad, also known as The Rice Bowl of Kerala , is among the few places in the world where cultivation takes place below sea level. The peak of Anamudi , which
6630-450: The word Malanad which means the land of mountains . Until the arrival of the British , the term Malabar was used in foreign trade circles as a general name for Kerala . Earlier, the term Malabar had also been used to denote Tulu Nadu and Kanyakumari , which lie contiguous to Kerala in the southwestern coast of India, in addition to the modern state of Kerala. The people of Malabar were known as Malabars . The term Malabar
6715-479: Was Nivarthana Agitation in Travancore. That was the demand of people suppressed so far as untouchables and weaker sections for participation in government. This brought to the forefront struggles like proportional representation in government and reservation of jobs. This imparted a new enthusiasm among oppressed masses. Kannur has an elevation of 1.02 metres or 3.3 feet along the coast of the Laccadive Sea , with
6800-631: Was at Kozhikode . Malabar District , a part of the ancient Malabar (or Malabar Coast) was a part of the British East India Company -controlled state. It included the northern half of the state of Kerala and the islands of Lakshadweep . Kozhikode is considered as the capital of Malabar. The area was divided into two categories as North and South. North Malabar comprises present Kasaragod and Kannur Districts, Mananthavady Taluk of Wayanad District and Vatakara and Koyilandy Taluks of Kozhikode District. The left-over area
6885-617: Was established by Act 22 of 1996 of the Kerala Legislative Assembly . The university by the name "Malabar University" had come into existence earlier by the promulgation of an ordinance by the governor of Kerala, on 9 November 1995. The university was inaugurated on 2 March 1996 by A. K. Antony , the Chief Minister of Kerala . The objective of the Kannur University Act 1996 was to establish in
6970-440: Was established in 1986 near Dharmasala, Kannur as a center for imparting engineering education in northern Kerala. The college is among the top ten engineering colleges of the state, providing higher studies in the field of technical education. The Government Medical College, Kannur was established in 1993 at Pariyaram to serve Kannur city and surroundings. The thirteenth National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT) Campus
7055-468: Was the headquarters of Chirakkal taluk of Malabar District in the Madras Presidency . During the period of Company rule in India , the East India Company preferred Madras and Cochin as their major stations and Kannur started to lose its old glory. The people of Kannur are still waiting for their old glory to get back and they feel they are being sidelined because the state administration
7140-485: Was the headquarters of Kolathunadu , one of the four most important dynasties on the Malabar Coast , along with the Zamorin of Calicut , Kingdom of Cochin and Kingdom of Quilon . The Arakkal kingdom had right over the city of Kannur and Laccadive Islands in the late medieval period. Kannur municipality was formed on 1 November 1866 by the Madras Act 10 of 1865 (Amendment of the Improvements in Towns Act 1850) of
7225-429: Was the seat of powerful kingdom based at Ezhimala in the Sangam period (1st–5th century CE). The ancient port of Naura , which is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as a port somewhere north of Muziris is identified with Kannur. Pliny the Elder (1st century CE) states that the port of Tyndis was located at the northwestern border of Keprobotos ( Chera dynasty ). The region, which lies north of
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