34-484: Kerala Tourism Development Corporation ( KTDC ) is a public sector undertaking that conducts and regulates the tourism activities in the Indian state of Kerala . The KTDC is headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram and has offices across all the districts of Kerala . The agency also operates hotels, resorts, and tourist rest houses in key locations in the state. Its official slogan is "Official host to God's own country." It
68-508: A Miniratna and have 4 independent directors on its board before it can be made a Navratna. PSUs in India are also categorized based on their special non-financial objectives and are registered under Section 8 of Companies Act , 2013 (erstwhile Section 25 of Companies Act, 1956). Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) can be classified as Central Public Sector Undertakings (CPSUs) or State Public Sector Undertakings (SPSUs). CPSUs are administered by
102-752: A cue from the disinvestment process initiated at the Centre and initiate it at the State level, as Kerala has the case of large number of PSUs in the state that were closed, as they were not able to withstand the competition in the market. During the fiscal year 2016-2017, PSUs in Kerala incurred a net loss of ₹80.67 crore. According to Kerala's state industrial department, the PSUs had a combined net profit of ₹ 106.91 crore in 2017-2018; there were total 42 PSUs. In 2018–19, 17 PSUs had registered operational profit, according to
136-440: A key industry. Though it tried to nationalize Kerala Tours Limited, it soon fell into legal issues. This resulted in the government to think starting a new entity known as Kerala Tourism Development Corporation (KTDC) IN 1966. Started as a government department, KTDC became a separate commercial entity by the 1970s. Several premium guest houses of Kerala Government were identified and converted into hotel brands. Lt. Col. G. V. Raja
170-428: A loss of ₹ 1,976.03 crore which was 30.08% of the total loss, KSEB came second with a loss of ₹ 1,822.35 crore, representing 27.74% of the total loss, and Kerala State Beverages Corporation came third with a loss of ₹ 1,608.17 crore, accounting 24.48 percent of total loss. Public-sector undertaking Public Sector Undertakings ( PSU ) in India are government-owned entities in which at least 51% of stake
204-981: A network of travel agents and tour agencies who act as general sales agents of KTDC. More than 20 products are offered by KTDC. KTDC conducts one-day and two-day sight-seeing tours in major cities as well as in tourist centers. This includes bus/tourist cars trips and boat ferries. KTDC has several tourist reception centers in all major cities and tourist centers, from where conducted tours start and end, in addition to providing complementary information about tourist destinations, maps and guides. Public sector undertakings in Kerala Public sector undertakings in Kerala are of two types, public sector units in which majority shares are owned by Union Government and public sector units in which majority shares are owned by State Government . Public sector undertakings in Kerala , i.e. enterprises in which majority shareholder
238-599: A private entity under the Travancore royal family. For more than 20 years since Independence, Kerala trend to ignore tourism as a key industry, leaving KTL and other private players to lead the role. In the 1960s, KTL struck gold, by collaborating with Thomas Cook and started popularizing Kovalam in western countries which started the advent of hippie culture in Kovalam Beach. The strong inflow of tourists into Kovalam, started Kerala government to consider tourism as
272-481: A refreshment center, a sovenior shop, cloakroom, rest rooms, information center with ATM facility, Pharmacy etc. assist road travellers for a break and quick refreshment. The tourism ministry is planning to open and operate 20 TAB units in their first stage of TAB project implementation. TAB is a Private-Public Partnership program with individuals owning the facility, while KTDC assisting in branding and promotion. KTDC sells packaged tours of Kerala across world, through
306-515: A revenue of about ₹24,430,000,000,000 + ₹1,000,000,000,000 during the financial year 2018–19. When India achieved independence in 1947, it was primarily an agrarian entity, with a weak industrial base. There were only eighteen state-owned Indian Ordnance Factories , previously established to reduce the dependency of the British Indian Army on imported arms. The British Raj had previously elected to leave agricultural production to
340-429: A self-sufficient, largely agrarian, communal village-based existence for India in the first half of the 20th century. Other contemporary criticisms of India's public sector targeted the lack of well-funded schools, public libraries, universities, hospitals and medical and engineering colleges; a lack seen as impeding an Indian replication of Britain's own industrialization in the previous century. Post-Independence,
374-419: Is Government of Kerala are generally divided into Manufacturing & Non-Manufacturing . Some of the PSUs such as Kinfra, KSIDC, SIDCO etc. are promotional agencies . As of 2004 there were 104 enterprises spread over 14 different sectors of Kerala economy. These sectors are as varied as engineering, electronics to wood products & welfare agencies. Eleven units are joint venture of Kerala government with
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#1732780337371408-629: Is a 5 star convention center facility located in Bolgatty Island Resort in Kochi is the flagship project under this category. The Events center features a 1000-seater convention hall, a 15-acre open grounds for exhibitions and open air events. GV Raja International Convention Center in Kovalam, Trivandrum is another major facility. Take a Break (TAB) is the latest venture from KTDC, aiming to create roadside multi-utility kiosks that have
442-411: Is further classified into Strategic Sector and Non-Strategic Sector. Depending on their financial performance and progress, CPSUs are granted the status of Maharatna , Navaratna , and Miniratna (Category I and II). Following India's independence in 1947, the limited pre-existing industries were insufficient for sustainable economic growth . The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 , adopted during
476-483: Is highly sought after in India due to high pay and its job security , with most preferring candidates with a GATE score. In 1951, there were five PSUs under the ownership of the government. By March 2021, the number of such government entities had increased to 365. These government entities represented a total investment of about ₹ 16,410,000,000,000 as of 31 March 2019. Their total paid-up capital as of 31 March 2019 stood at about ₹200.76 lakh crore. CPSEs have earned
510-548: Is one of the most profitable ventures of the Kerala government. Kerala was a relatively unknown state among tourist circles until the early 1960s. The first initiative to popularize Kerala as a tourist destination was undertaken by Travancore 's Prince Consort Col. Godavarma Raja (husband of the then Queen of Travancore) started Kerala Tours Limited to popularize key tourist locations in Travancore Kingdom. When Travancore merged with India, Kerala Tours Limited became
544-564: Is under the ownership of the Government of India or state governments .These type of firms can also be a joint venture of multiple PSUs. These entities perform commercial functions on behalf of the government. Depending on the level of government ownership, PSUs are officially classified into two categories: Central Public Sector Undertakings ( CPSUs ), owned by the central government or other CPSUs; and State Public Sector Undertakings ( SPSUs ), owned by state governments. CPSU and SPSU
578-611: The Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises . The Department of Public Enterprises (DPE), Ministry of Finance is the nodal department for all the Central Public Sector Undertakings (CPSUs). As of October 2021, there are 13 Maharatnas, 14 Navratnas and 72 Miniratnas (divided into Category 1 and Category 2). Currently there are 12 Nationalised Banks in India (Government Shareholding power
612-609: The Planning Commission was formed by a cabinet resolution in March 1950 and the Industrial (Development and Regulation) Act was enacted in 1951 with the objective of empowering the government to take necessary steps to regulate industry. The first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru , promoted an economic policy based on import substitution industrialisation and advocated a mixed economy . He believed that
646-674: The Private sector , with tea processing firms, jute mills (such as the Acland Mill ), railways , electricity utilities, banks, coal mines, and steel mills being just some of the economic entities largely owned by private individuals like the industrialist Jamsetji Tata . Other entities were listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange . Critics of private ownership of India's agricultural and industrial entities—most notably Mahatma Gandhi's independence movement—instead advocated for
680-651: The Second Five-Year Plan , laid the framework for PSUs. The government initially prioritized strategic sectors, such as communication, irrigation, chemicals, and heavy industries , followed by the nationalisation of corporations . PSUs subsequently expanded into consumer goods production and service areas like contracting, consulting, and transportation. Their goals include increasing exports, reducing imports, fostering infrastructure development, driving economic growth, and generating job opportunities. Each PSU has its own recruitment rules and employment in PSUs
714-666: The central government . Most of state PSUs units are under Department of Industries & Commerce (85 enterprises). The largest enterprises (Based on 2005 figures) In 2002, it was reported that Kerala government have chosen to either restructure or close the loss-making enterprises and has no plan for privatisation . As per CAG report for 2008-2009, Kerala PSUs lack accountability, and needs improvement for imbibing professionalism and efficiency. It showed an incurred loss of ₹ 589 crore. Losses in PSUs were attributed to poor financial management, planning, implementation of projects, running of operations and monitoring. In 2012–13, out of
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#1732780337371748-554: The 78 PSUs which had finalised their accounts during that fiscal year, 45 PSUs earned a total profit of ₹ 666.86 crore and 31 PSUs incurred loss of ₹ 607.34 crore, as per CAG report. Kerala State Beverages Corporation was the most profit making PSU, while the Kerala State Electricity Board incurred an operational loss of ₹ 3,758.17 crore. In a 2016 study, Kochi-based think tank Centre for Public Policy and Research stated that Kerala government should take
782-763: The central government established the higher Maharatna category, which raises a public sector unit's investment ceiling from ₹1,000 crore to ₹5,000 crores. The Maharatna public sector units can now decide on investments of up to 15 per cent of their net worth in a project while the Navaratna companies could invest up to ₹1,000 crore without explicit government approval. Two categories of Miniratnas afford less extensive financial autonomy. Guidelines for awarding Ratna status are as follows: The average annual Net worth of ₹10,000 crores for three years, OR Average annual Turnover of ₹20,000 crore for three years (against Rs 25,000 crore prescribed earlier) A PSU must first be
816-423: The crisis, the government began divesting its ownership of several PSUs to raise capital and privatize companies facing poor financial performance and low efficiency. The public sector undertakings are headed by the head of board of directors also known as chairperson cum managing director cum chief executive officer and a vice chairperson cum deputy managing director cum co-chief executive officer along with
850-628: The establishment of basic and heavy industry was fundamental to the development and modernisation of the Indian economy. India's second five year plan (1956–60) and the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 emphasized the development of public sector enterprises to meet Nehru's national industrialisation policy. His vision was carried forward by V. Krishnamurthy , a figure known as the "Father of Public sector undertakings in India". Indian statistician Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis
884-509: The global market so as to "support [them] in their drive to become global giants". Financial autonomy was initially awarded to nine PSUs as Navratna status in 1997. Originally, the term Navaratna meant a talisman composed of nine precious gems. Later, this term was adopted in the courts of the Gupta emperor Vikramaditya and Mughal emperor Akbar , as the collective name for nine extraordinary courtiers at their respective courts. In 2010,
918-725: The members of the board of directors also known as executive director cum c-level officer who are Group 'A' gazetted officers appointed by the President of India in case of central public sector undertakings, its subsidiaries & its divisions and appointed by the Governor of States of India in case of state public sector undertakings, its subsidiaries & its divisions. All of the public sector undertakings have been awarded additional financial autonomy. Public Sector Undertakings are government establishments that have comparative advantages", giving them greater autonomy to compete in
952-495: The national consensus turned in favor of rapid industrialisation of the economy, a process seen as the key to economic development, improved living standards and economic sovereignty. Building upon the Bombay Plan , which noted the necessity of government intervention and regulation in the economy, the first Industrial Policy Resolution announced in 1948 laid down in broad strokes such a strategy of industrial development. Later,
986-624: The police for damaging public property, criminal intimidation and using filthy language . The attacks came on the same day when two women entered Sabarimala after the constitutional right granted by the Supreme court. KTDC owns more than 40 properties ranging from heritage five-star resorts to budget accommodation, managed under five brands in hotel category and 2 in non hotel hospitality category. KTDC owns 3 flagship properties known for its historical importance. KTDC has 7 resort styled hotel properties aiming for leisure travellers. All properties in
1020-468: The premium range are individually branded . KTDC has three-star "value plus" range hotels across five districts of Kerala. Most of the hotels are designed to cater business and upper-segment family market. Each value plus hotel property is themed around its location. Tamarind Easy is a series of 15 budget hotels spread across Kerala, to cater to budget tourists. Major cities including Kollam , Alappuzha , Thrissur and Kannur have Tamarind hotels. KTDC
1054-454: The state industrial department. For the fiscal year 2020-21, the annual review report by the Bureau of Public Enterprises calculated a total net loss of ₹ 6,055.47 crore from public enterprises in the state. Among these, 63 enterprises were loss-making, while 50 managed to make a profit. Top 10 loss-making enterprises together contributed to 95.39 percent of the total losses. KSRTC topped with
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1088-781: Was also the President of Tourism Promotion Council of Kerala. He was the main architect in developing Kovalam as an international tourist spot. On the early morning of 2 January 2019, Ten members belonging to the Hindu Munnani entered the Kerala House hotel belonging to the Kerala Tourism Development Corporation in the Thousand Lights area, Chennai and smashed the window panes of the hotel. Six members were said to be arrested by
1122-482: Was instrumental to its formulation, which was later termed the Feldman–Mahalanobis model . In 1969, Indira Gandhi 's government nationalised fourteen of India's largest private banks, and an additional six in 1980. This government-led industrial policy, with corresponding restrictions on private enterprise, was the dominant pattern of Indian economic development until the 1991 Indian economic crisis . After
1156-515: Was one of the first hospitality chains in India to start series of motels across major state and national highways. The motels are branded as Aaram, which are designed as roadside multi-cuisine restaurants. Every Aaram has a large restaurant, rest rooms and many motels have dormitories as well as a medical center. A few designated Aarams do have beer parlors which serves limited alcohol drinks as well as beer. KTDC manages 2 properties under Non Hotel Hospitality category. The Bolgatty Events Center which
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