35-571: Khanak may refer to: Khanak, a village and hill in Bhiwani district , Haryana, India Khanak, Markazi , Iran Khanak, Sistan and Baluchestan , a place in Sistan and Baluchestan Province , Iran [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
70-570: A Boeing 747 en route from Delhi , India, to Dhahran , Saudi Arabia, and Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907 , an Ilyushin Il-76 en route from Chimkent , Kazakhstan, to Delhi, collided over the city of Charkhi Dadri , around 100 km (62 mi; 54 nmi) west of Delhi. The crash killed all 349 people on board both planes, making it the world's deadliest mid-air collision and the deadliest aviation accident ever in India . The final report from
105-471: A bank of cumulus clouds . Meteorological reports, the affidavits of a Lockheed C-141B Starlifter crew that observed the crash, and conclusive analysis by the investigators – showing that the specific flight data record the Kazakh officials focused on proved only that the record was based on faulty recording equipment on the plane – disproved the Kazakh theory that turbulence
140-733: A flat attitude near the wreckage of the Saudia plane. All 312 people on board SVA763 and all 37 people on Flight 1907 were killed. The recorder of the Saudi Arabian plane revealed the pilots said the Islamic Istighfar (forgiveness prayer) and recited the Shahada before impact with the ground. The collision took place about 100 kilometres (60 mi) west of Delhi. The wreckage of the Saudi Arabian aircraft landed near Dhani village, Bhiwani District , Haryana. The wreckage of
175-414: A radio call saying they had seen "a big explosion" at their two o'clock position. Dutta attempted to contact the Saudia and Kazakh flights, but received no response. The two aircraft had collided, with the left wing of the Kazakh flight slicing through the left wing of the Saudia 747 while the left horizontal stabilizer of the 747 sliced off the vertical stabilizer (including the horizontal stabilizer) of
210-541: Is an ongoing effort by the Charkhi Dadri district administration to develop a memorial honoring the victims of the mid-air collision. The proposed memorial, which would consist of names and other information of the victims, would be located at a to-be built memorial-park in the district. However, the district administration is waiting to get an approval for the project from the Haryana government , and plans to include
245-526: Is part of the Hisar (Lok Sabha constituency) while the rest are part of Bhiwani-Mahendragarh (Lok Sabha constituency) . Previously in Bhiwani district, sub-divisions Badhra and Charkhi Dadri and sub-tehsil Baund Kalan became part of the new Charkhi Dadri district in 2016. According to the 2011 census Bhiwani district has a population of 1,634,445, roughly equal to the nation of Guinea-Bissau or
280-471: Is the city of Bhiwani , which is around 124 kilometres (77 mi) from the national capital Delhi . Other major towns in the district are Siwani , Loharu , Tosham , Bawani Khera , Kohlawas , Lamba . As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Haryana (out of 21 ), after Faridabad and Hisar . Pre- Indus Valley Civilization mine, smelt and houses have been found at Khanak hills of Tosham Hill range . Excavations (1968–73 and 1980–86) in
315-464: The 1970 Asiad . Bhiwani has emerged as a centre of Indian boxing as all four boxers representing India at Beijing Olympics 2008 are products of Sports Authority of India (SAI) boxing hostel at Bhiwani. To top that three of them Akhil Kumar , Vijender Kumar and Jitender Kumar reached the quarterfinals of their respective categories. While Akhil Kumar and Jitender Kumar lost in their respective quarterfinals bouts Vijender Kumar qualified to
350-417: The 22 districts of the northern Indian state of Haryana . Created on 22 December 1972, it was the largest district of the state by area, before the creation of Charkhi Dadri as a separate district, as it occupied an area of 4,778 square kilometres (1,845 sq mi) and administered 442 villages with a population of 1,634,445. Sirsa is now the largest district of the state. The district headquarters
385-648: The Kazakh crew. The report also suggested technical enhancements (including ACAS and SSR ) that would provide assistance in preventing a future crew's mistakes being allowed to go unchecked in real time. Saudi Arabian Airlines Flight 763 was a Boeing 747-168B , registration HZ-AIH, departing from Delhi as part of a scheduled international Delhi – Dhahran – Jeddah passenger service with 312 people on board. The crew on this flight consisted of Captain Khalid al-Shubaily (aged 44), First Officer Nazir Khan (aged 37), and Flight Engineer Ahmed Edrees (aged 33). Al-Shubaily
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#1732772745433420-696: The Kazakh aircraft hit the ground near Birohar village, Rohtak District , Haryana. The crash was investigated by the Lahoti Commission, headed by then-Delhi High Court judge Ramesh Chandra Lahoti . Depositions were taken from the Air Traffic Controllers Guild and the two airlines. The flight data recorders (FDR) were decoded by Kazakhstan Airlines and Saudia under the supervision of air crash investigators in Moscow and Farnborough , England, respectively. The ultimate cause
455-457: The Kazakh flight. The crippled Saudi Boeing immediately lost control and went into a rapidly descending spiral with fire trailing from the wing, and broke up in mid air before crashing into the ground at a nearly supersonic speed of 1,135 km/h (613 kn; 705 mph). With most of its left wing and vertical stabilizer gone, the Ilyushin went into a flat spin and crashed into a field at
490-456: The SVA crew reported reaching 14,000 feet, and requested a higher level. Dutta told them to hold their altitude and standby, to which First Officer Khan replied, "Saudi 763 will maintain one four zero." At 18:39, the Kazakh flight reported having reached its assigned altitude of 15,000 feet, but it was actually higher, at 16,348 feet (5,000 m), and still descending. At this time, Dutta advised
525-427: The Saudia flight was cleared to an initial altitude of 10,000 feet (3,050 m). At 18:34, Dutta cleared the Kazakh plane to descend to 15,000 feet (4,550 m) when it was 74 nautical miles (137 km) from the beacon of the destination airport. Two minutes later, at 18:36, Dutta cleared the Saudia plane, travelling on the same airway but in the opposite direction, to climb to 14,000 feet (4,250 m). At 18:38,
560-569: The US state of Idaho . This gives it a ranking of 306th in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 341 inhabitants per square kilometre (880/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 14.32%. Bhiwani has a sex ratio of 884 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 76.7%. After bifurcation the district has a population of 1,132,169. Scheduled Castes make up 251,736 (22.23%) of
595-417: The airport had a primary radar , which produces readings of distance and bearing, but not altitude. In addition, departures and arrivals both shared a single corridor within the civilian airspace around New Delhi. While most areas have separate corridors: one for departures and another one for arrivals, the airspace of Delhi in 1996 had only one civilian corridor for both departures and arrivals, because much of
630-616: The airspace was taken by the Indian Air Force . Due to the crash, the air-crash investigation report recommended changes to air-traffic procedures and infrastructure in New Delhi's air-space: The Directorate General of Civil Aviation subsequently made it mandatory for all aircraft flying in and out of India to be equipped with an airborne collision avoidance system . This set a worldwide precedent for mandatory use of traffic collision avoidance system . As of 2021 , there
665-652: The cause of this serious breach in operating procedure to the lack of English language skills on the part of the Kazakhstan aircraft pilots; they were relying entirely on Radio Operator Repp for communications with the ATC. As part of this, the report suggested that First Officer Dzhangirov (and possibly Captain Cherepanov) might have misunderstood Dutta's final radio call, and assumed that the Saudi 747's altitude (14,000 feet)
700-684: The crew members, including five anti-terrorism officials, were Saudi Arabian citizens. Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907, an Ilyushin Il-76TD with registration UN-76435 was on a charter service from Chimkent Airport to Delhi. The crew consisted of Captain Alexander Robertovich Cherepanov (aged 44), First Officer Ermek Kozhahmetovich Dzhangirov (aged 37), Flight Engineer Alexander Alexanderovich Chuprov (aged 50), Navigator Zhahanbek Duisenovich Aripbaev (aged 51), and Radio Operator Egor Alekseevich Repp (aged 41). Cherepanov
735-429: The flight, "Identified traffic 12 O'Clock, reciprocal, Saudia Boeing 747 at ten miles, likely to cross in another five miles. Report, if in sight." Radio Operator Repp requested clarification, to which Dutta replied, "Traffic...is at eight miles, level 140." Repp acknowledged the update, and signed off with, "Now looking 1907." Less than a minute later, at 18:40, the crew of a United States Air Force cargo flight made
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#1732772745433770-1113: The houses, suggests that a town existed here sometimes in the Kushan , Gupta and the Youdheya period till 300 BCE. Bhiwani city is mentioned in the Ain-i-Akbari and has been a prominent centre of commerce since the time of the Mughals . Wreckage of a Boeing 747, from Saudi Arabian Airlines Flight 763, fell in Bhiwani District as part of the Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision . The district comprises four sub-divisions: Bhiwani , Loharu , Siwani and Tosham . These sub-divisions are further divided into five Tehsils : Bhiwani , Loharu , Siwani , Bawani Khera and Tosham and one sub-tehsil, Behal. There are four Vidhan Sabha constituencies in this district: Bhiwani , Loharu , Tosham and Bawani Khera . Bawani Khera
805-403: The investigation found that "[T]he root and approximate cause of the collision" was the failure of the Kazakh crew to maintain the correct altitude. Contributing factors included the poor English language skills in the Kazakh cockpit resulting in inadequate interpretation of directions provided by air traffic control , and three specific incidents of failures in crew resource management (CRM) by
840-404: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khanak&oldid=1221869067 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bhiwani district Bhiwani district is one of
875-550: The participation of Ministry of Civil Aviation of India , Airport Authority of India , and embassies of Saudi Arabia and Kazakhstan in the development of the memorial. Miditech , a company based in Gurugram , Haryana, produced a documentary about the disaster called Head On! , which aired on the National Geographic Channel . The collision was also the subject of the 2009 episode " Sight Unseen ", of
910-528: The pilots' shoulders for a reading, which likely limited his own situational awareness. Kazakh officials found such a misunderstanding implausible, because their records showed Dzhangirov sufficiently fluent to teach English to other Kazakh pilots at the time. Instead, they concluded – from the Kazakhstani plane's misleading flight data records – that the aircraft had descended while their pilots were battling turbulence inside
945-445: The plane climbed, only to hit the oncoming Saudi Arabian plane. The tail of the Kazakhstani plane clipped the left wing of the Saudi Arabian jet, severing both parts from their respective planes. Furthermore, the investigation noted that Indira Gandhi International Airport did not have secondary surveillance radar , which provides extra information, such as the aircraft's identity and altitude, by reading transponder signals; instead
980-534: The population. Languages of Bhiwani district (2011) At the time of the 2011 Census of India , 79.98% of the population in the district spoke Haryanvi and 18.12% Hindi as their first language. Sports played in the area include wrestling, volleyball, boxing and running. Hawa Singh won the Asian Games gold medal in Heavyweight category in consecutive editions of the games in the 1966 Asiad and
1015-496: The semifinals thereby ensuring India's first ever Boxing medal (Bronze) in the 2012 Summer Olympics . Paramjeet Samota who won a gold for India in the 2010 Commonwealth Games also lives in a large village called Dinod in the Bhiwani district. List of films , Chandrawal , Jagat Jakhar ) 28°47′00″N 76°08′00″E / 28.7833°N 76.1333°E / 28.7833; 76.1333 1996 Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision On 12 November 1996, Saudia Flight 763 ,
1050-450: The village of Mitathal in Bhiwani have unearthed evidence of pre-Harappan and Harappan ( Indus Valley civilisation ) culture in the area. Near the village of Naurangabad , about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of Bhiwani city, preliminary diggings in 2001 revealed artefacts including coins, tools, sieves, toys, statues and pots up to 2,500 years old. According to archaeologists the presence of coins, coin moulds, statues and design of
1085-611: Was a veteran pilot with 9,837 flying hours. There is some dispute as to the nationalities of the passengers of Flight 763. According to an article published on 14 November 1996, 215 Indians, many of whom worked in Saudi Arabia as blue-collar workers, boarded the flight, along with 40 Nepalis and three Americans. However, according to a different article, the passenger manifest included 17 people of other nationalities, including nine Nepalis, three Pakistanis, two Americans, one Bangladeshi, one British, and one Saudi Arabian. Twelve of
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1120-534: Was held to be the failure of Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907's pilot to follow ATC instructions, whether due to cloud turbulence or due to communication problems. The commission determined that the accident had been the fault of the Kazakhstani Il-76 crew, who (according to FDR evidence) had descended from the assigned altitude of 15,000 to 14,500 feet (4,550 to 4,400 m) and subsequently 14,000 feet (4,250 m) and even lower. The report ascribed
1155-506: Was highly experienced, with 9,229 flight hours. A company from Kyrgyzstan chartered the flight, and the passenger manifest mostly included ethnic Russian Kyrgyz citizens planning to go shopping in India. Thirteen Kyrgyz traders boarded the flight. Saudia Flight 763 departed Delhi at 18:32 local time (13:02 UTC). Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907 was descending simultaneously, to land at Delhi. Both flights were controlled by approach controller V.K. Dutta. Immediately after take-off,
1190-562: Was their own assigned altitude. Indian air controllers also complained that the Kazakhstani pilots sometimes confused their calculations because they are accustomed to using metre altitudes and kilometre distances, while most other countries use feet and nautical miles respectively for aerial navigation. Although the crew in this particular collision did not appear to have made a computational error, Kazakhstan Airlines did not have enough foot-marked altimeters for all crewmembers. Repp did not have his own flight instrumentation and had to look over
1225-491: Was to blame. However, whether or not particular crewmembers fully understood the radio transmissions or were distracted by atmospheric conditions, the five-person crew was sufficiently large that it likely struggled to maintain common situational awareness and coordinate crew actions. Just a few seconds before impact, Repp had realised that the pilots were flying below the required 15,000 feet and brought it to their attention. Cherepanov gave orders for full throttle, and
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