An okrug is a type of administrative division in some Slavic -speaking states. The word okrug is a loanword in English, alternatively translated as area , district , county , or region .
27-768: The Khasavyurtovsky okrug was a district ( okrug ) of the Terek Oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire . The area of the Khasavyurtovsky okrug made up part of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia . The district was eponymously named for its administrative centre, Khasavyurt . The subcounties ( uchastoks ) of the Khasavyurtovsky okrug were as follows: The formation of
54-650: A federal state , every canton is free to implement its own administrative structure. The intermediate administrative level above the Swiss municipalities is also referred to as Verwaltungsregion or Verwaltungskreis , Wahlkreis , Amtei or Amt , as well as French : districts in Suisse romande and Italian : distretto in Svizzera italiana. In Schwyz , the six historic Bezirke are self-governing bodies, some with regional Landsgemeinde assemblies, similar to
81-1120: A municipal district. The Republic of Serbia is divided into twenty-nine okrugs as well as the City of Belgrade . The term okrug in Serbia is often translated as either district or county . Bezirk [REDACTED] Look up Bezirk in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. [REDACTED] This article does not cite any sources . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . Find sources: "Bezirk" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( July 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) German term referting to several types of administrative divisions The German term Bezirk (plural Bezirke , derived from Latin : circulus , "circle") translated as " district " can refer to
108-902: A separate administrative unit. This was interpreted by the Khasavyurtovsky Revkom as the Aukhovites staying in the Khasavyurtovsky okrug as part of the Dagestan ASSR. This interpretation was actually supported by the commander of the Caucasian Labour Army, V. S. Muromtsev, who headed the commission for the establishment of borders between Dagestan and the Mountain ASSR. The statement of the Aukhov delegation made on 12 April 1921 in Vladikavkaz about
135-417: A type of municipal formation. In Tver Oblast , the term okrug also denotes a type of an administrative division which is equal in status to that of the districts. Furthermore, the designation okrug denotes several selsoviet -level administrative divisions: In some cities, the term okrug is used to refer to the administrative divisions of those cities. Administrative okrugs are such divisions in
162-403: Is responsible for is often, although informally, called a district ( Bezirk ). A number of statutory cities , currently 15, are not served by any district administrative office. Their respective municipal bureaucracies handle the tasks normally performed by the district administrative office. The cities of Vienna and Graz are divided into municipal districts ( Stadtbezirke ), assisting
189-623: The obwody by powiat s. Okrugs were one of the several types of administrative division for oblasts and selected governorates in Imperial Russia . Until the 1920s, okrugs were administrative districts in Cossack hosts such as the Don Cossacks . Inherited from Imperial Russia, in the 1920s, okrugs were administrative divisions of several other primary divisions such as oblasts , krais , and others. For some time in
216-2322: The German reunification . During the Second World War , a special administrative division of Nazi Germany was officially classified as " Bezirk ": Bezirk Bialystok . See also [ edit ] Amtsbezirk , historic denotation of an administrative subdivision in Prussia ; until 2009 also in the Swiss Canton of Bern Regierungsbezirk , "government region", a subdivision of some German federal states v t e Designations for types of administrative division English terms Common English terms Area Insular area Local government area Special area Unincorporated area Unorganized area Borough County borough Metropolitan borough Canton Half-canton Capital Federal capital Imperial capital City Autonomous city Charter city Independent city Incorporated city Imperial city Free imperial city Royal free city Community Autonomous community Residential community County Administrative county Autonomous county Consolidated city-county County seat County town Metropolitan county Non-metropolitan county Regional county municipality Viscounty Country Overseas country Department Overseas department District Capital district City district Congressional district Electoral district Federal district Indian government district Land district Local government district Metropolitan district Non-metropolitan district Military district Municipal district Police district Regional district Rural district Sanitary district Service district Educational service district Local service district School district Intermediate school district Special district in
243-582: The Mountain ASSR of the Russian SFSR in 1921 as units of the Soviet autonomy and additional national okrugs were created in the Russian SFSR for the peoples of the north and Caucasus region. In 1977, all national okrugs were renamed autonomous okrugs. In the present-day Russian Federation , the term okrug is either translated as district or rendered directly as okrug , and is used to describe
270-827: The Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1921 raised the question of the fate of the Khasavyurtovsky okrug, which was part of the Terek oblast. There were two main nationalities living in the district – Kumyks and Chechens . In March 1921, when the desire of the Kumyks to join the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic became obvious, and the Chechens- Aukhovites — to the Mountain ASSR (which includes Chechnya),
297-591: The 1920s they also served as the primary unit upon the abolishment of guberniyas and were divided into raions . On 30 July 1930 most of the okrugs were abolished. The remaining okrugs were phased out in the Russian SFSR during 1930–1946, although they were retained in Zakarpattia Oblast of the Ukrainian SSR in a status equivalent to that of a raion. National okrugs were first created in
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#1732780525081324-503: The Khasavyurtov district to Dagestan in order to preserve the land and position. And I will say more: the enemies of the people are ready to attach one or another area not only to Dagestan, but to any remote province or even the state in order to save their lands and their wealth. And every speaker that these issues do not need to be resolved, plays a stronger to those gentlemen who do not want to part with their lands and economies with
351-522: The Khasavyurtovsky okrug had a population of 87,654 on 14 January [ O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 46,030 men and 41,624 women, 76,141 of whom were the permanent population, and 11,513 were temporary residents: 43°15′N 46°35′E / 43.250°N 46.583°E / 43.250; 46.583 Okrug Etymologically, okrug literally means ' circuit ', derived from Proto-Slavic * okrǫgъ , in turn from * ob- "around" + * krǫgъ "circle". In meaning,
378-4787: The US Urban district Division Census division Police division Subdivision of India Indian reserve/reservation Indian reservation (United States) Indian reserve (Canada) Municipality City municipality County municipality Direct-controlled municipality District municipality Neutral municipality Regional municipality Resort municipality Mountain resort municipality Rural municipality Specialized municipality Prefecture Autonomous prefecture Subprefecture Super-prefecture Praetorian prefecture Province Autonomous province Overseas province Roman province Region Administrative region Special administrative region Autonomous region Capital region National capital region Development region Mesoregion Microregion Overseas region Subregion State Proto-state City-state Federal state Free state Sovereign state Territory Capital territory Federal capital territory National capital territory Dependent territory Federal territory Incorporated territory Organized incorporated territory Overseas territory Union territory Town Census town Market town Township Charter township Civil township Paper township Survey township Urban township Unit Regional unit Territorial unit Autonomous territorial unit Zone Economic zone Exclusive economic zone Free economic zone Special economic zone Exclusion zone Military exclusion zone Free speech zone Neutral zone Self-administered zone Trade zone Free-trade zone Other English terms Current Alpine resort Bailiwick Banner Autonomous Block Cadastre Circle Circuit Colony Commune Condominium Constituency Duchy District Eldership Emirate Enclave and exclave Federal dependency Governorate Hamlet Manor Royal Muftiate Neighbourhood Parish Precinct Principality Protectorate Quarter Regency Autonomous republic Riding Sector Autonomous Shire Sultanate Suzerainty Townland Village Summer Ward Historical Agency Barony Burgh Exarchate Hide Hundred Imperial Circle March Monthon Presidency Residency Roman diocese Seat Tenth Tithing Viceroyalty Non-English terms or loanwords Current Amt Apskritis Bakhsh Barangay Bashki Bezirk Regierungsbezirk Comarca Comune Frazione Freguesia Fu Gemeinde Austria Germany South Tyrol Switzerland Gemeente Gmina Hromada Județ Kampong Kommun/Kunta Finland Sweden Län (Sweden) Landskap Finland Località Maakunta Megye Muban Mukim Njësi administrative Oblast Autonomous Okrug Ostān Poblacion Purok Qark Raion Savivaldybė Selsoviet Sitio Seniūnija Shahrestān Sum China Sýsla Tehsil Townlet Vingtaine Historical Commote Gau Heerlijkheid Komunë Köping Korale Län/Lääni Landskap Sweden Landskommun Maalaiskunta Nome Egypt Greece Pagus Pargana Plasă Rreth Satrapy Socken Subah Syssel Zhou Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in italics . See also Autonomous administration Census division Electoral district List of administrative divisions by country Slavic administrative divisions Authority control databases : National [REDACTED] Germany Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bezirk&oldid=1252851365 " Category : Types of administrative division Hidden categories: Articles lacking sources from July 2019 All articles lacking sources Articles with short description Short description
405-541: The cities of Murmansk , Omsk , and Tyumen ; city okrugs are used in Krasnodar ; municipal okrugs are the divisions of Nazran ; okrugs exist in Belgorod , Kaluga , Kursk , and Novorossiysk ; and territorial okrugs are the divisions of Arkhangelsk and Lipetsk . The term okrug is also used to describe a type of a municipal formation , the municipal urban okrug—a municipal urban settlement not incorporated into
432-543: The city's local government, including an assembly resulting from local elections and an own 'mayor' ( Bürgermeister ). In the German states of Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate any municipality is authorized to implement Ortsbezirke with own advisory councils and local administrators. The state law in North Rhine-Westphalia commits the municipal administration of an independent city to subdivide
459-595: The desire to join the Mountain ASSR was ignored. The annexation of the Khasavyurtovsky okrug to Dagestan was finalised in September 1921. Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician Sergei Kirov wrote the following to Dagestan regarding the accession of the Khasavyurt district: And when the democracy of the Terek region posed these questions close to the landlords, the Kumyk princes, for example, try to connect
486-550: The following types of administrative divisions : Stadtbezirk , a subdivision of a city in the sense of a borough (e.g. in Berlin , Hamburg or Vienna ), often again subdivided into several quarters and neighbourhoods . According to German Gemeindeordnung codes, the city council resolves upon the implementation by municipal by-law ( Satzung ). In some cities the Bezirke have limited powers delegated to them by
513-482: The following types of divisions: After the series of mergers in 2005–2008, several autonomous okrugs of Russia lost their federal subject status and are now considered to be administrative territories within the federal subjects they had been merged into: Okrug is also used to describe the administrative divisions of the two " federal cities " in Russia: In the federal city of Sevastopol , municipal okrugs are
540-505: The help of any means. According to the Russian Empire Census , the Khasavyurtovsky okrug had a population of 70,800 on 28 January [ O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 37,895 men and 32,905 women. The majority of the population indicated Kumyk to be their mother tongue, with significant Chechen , Avar-Andean , and Nogai speaking minorities. According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar ,
567-546: The later part of the Congress Poland period, from 1842, when the name was applied to the former powiats (the name powiat being transferred to the former obwody ). See: subdivisions of Congress Poland . Okręgi were also created temporarily from 1945 to 1946, in the areas annexed to Poland from Germany as a result of the Soviet military advance. An okręg was then subdivided into obwody . These okręgi were later replaced by voivodeships , and
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#1732780525081594-492: The municipal Kreise of Graubünden . The six Bezirke of Appenzell Innerrhoden are identically equal to municipalities. Historically the primary administrative divisions of East Germany from 1952 were called Bezirke . They were implemented by an administrative reform to supersede the East German federated states of Brandenburg , Mecklenburg , Saxony , Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia . The capital East Berlin
621-540: The problem arose of dividing the Khasavyurtovsky okrug between two neighboring autonomies: Mountain and Dagestan ASSRs. However, this option didn't suit the Chechens-Aukhovites. As a result, the congress of the Aukhovites, without making a concrete decision on the issue of joining the Mountain or Dagestan ASSR, limited itself to the demand of the Aukhovites in any case to preserve the Khasavyurtovsky okrug as
648-500: The respective municipal governments. From the point of view of the judiciary of Austria , the country is subdivided into 115 judicial districts ( Gerichtsbezirke ), each corresponding to one of the country's 115 lowest-level trial courts. The Italian autonomous provinces of Trentino and South Tyrol , are divided into Bezirksgemeinschaften ( Italian : comunità comprensoriali ). The districts of Switzerland are called Bezirke in several cantons . In Switzerland as
675-401: The urban area into Stadtbezirke . In Austria , the word Bezirk is used with different meanings in three different contexts: Some of the tasks of the administrative branch of the national and regional governments are fulfilled by the 95 district captaincies ( Bezirkshauptmannschaften , also translated as district administrative office ). The area a district administrative office
702-557: The word is similar to the German term Bezirk or Kreis (' district ') and the French word arrondissement ; all of which refer to something "encircled" or "surrounded". In Bulgaria , okrag s are the abolished primary unit of the administrative division and implied "districts" or "counties". They existed in the postwar Bulgaria between 1946 and 1987 and corresponded approximately to today's oblasts . As historical administrative subdivisions of Poland , okręgi existed in
729-530: Was officially equated by resolution of the State Council of East Germany in 1961. Though legislative assemblies ( Bezirkstage ) and executive councils ( Räte ) existed, the Bezirke according to the top-down principle of democratic centralism enjoyed no autonomy nor any self-governing rights. They were abolished by law which the East German People's Chamber passed in 1990 on the eve of
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