Khitan or Kitan ( in large script or in small , Khitai ; Chinese : 契丹語 , Qìdānyǔ ), also known as Liao , is an extinct language once spoken in Northeast Asia by the Khitan people (4th to 13th century CE). It was the official language of the Liao Empire (907–1125) and the Qara Khitai (1124–1218). Owing to a narrow corpus of known words and a partially undeciphered script, the language has yet to be completely reconstructed.
13-575: (Redirected from Khitai ) [REDACTED] Look up Khitan or khitan in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Khitan or Khitai may refer to: Khitan (circumcision) , the Islamic circumcision rite Khitan people , an ancient nomadic people located in Mongolia and northern China Liao dynasty (916–1125), a dynasty of China ruled by
26-529: A regime in northern China Qara Khitai (1124–1218), alternatively called the "Western Liao", successor to the Liao dynasty in northwestern China and Central Asia Eastern Liao (1213–1269), a regime in northeastern China Later Liao (1216–1219), a regime in northeastern China Khitan language , a now-extinct language once spoken by the Khitan people Khitan scripts (disambiguation) , writing systems of
39-674: Is found in Chapter 116. The Qianlong Emperor of the Qing dynasty erroneously identified the Khitan people and their language with the Solons , leading him to use the Solon language to "correct" Chinese character transcriptions of Khitan names in the History of Liao in his Imperial Liao-Jin-Yuan Three Histories National Language Explanation (欽定遼金元三史國語解) project. The Liao dynasty referred to
52-706: The Jurchen script in 1191. The large script was logographic like Chinese. Prior to the 19th century, only one Khitan text, the Langjun inscription, was known to scholarship in China; however, the inscription was thought by Ming and Qing scholars to be written in the Jurchen script. The History of Liao contains a volume of Khitan words transcribed in Chinese characters titled "Glossary of National Language" (國語解). It
65-463: The Mongolic languages ; Juha Janhunen states: "Today, however, the conception is gaining support that Khitan was a language in some respects radically different from the historically known Mongolic languages. If this view proves to be correct, Khitan is, indeed, best classified as a Para-Mongolic language." Alexander Vovin (2017) argues that Khitan has several Koreanic loanwords. Since both
78-463: The Khitan Yelü clan Northern Liao (1122–1123), a regime in northern China Qara Khitai (1124–1218), alternatively called the "Western Liao", successor to the Liao dynasty in northwestern China and Central Asia Eastern Liao (1213–1269), a regime in northeastern China Later Liao (1216–1219), a regime in northeastern China Khitan language , a now-extinct language once spoken by
91-715: The Khitan language with the term Guoyu (國語, "National language"), which was also used by other non- Han Chinese dynasties in China to refer to their languages like Manchu of the Qing, Classical Mongolian during the Yuan dynasty , Jurchen during the Jin, and Xianbei during the Northern Wei . Even today, Mandarin is referred to in Taiwan as Guoyu. There are several closed systems of Khitan lexical items for which systematic information
104-404: The Khitan people Khitan scripts (disambiguation) , writing systems of the Khitan people, for the now-extinct Khitan language Khitan large script , a logographic writing system Khitan small script , a semi-syllabic and logographic writing system Cathay in many languages Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
117-412: The Khitan people, for the now-extinct Khitan language Khitan large script , a logographic writing system Khitan small script , a semi-syllabic and logographic writing system Cathay in many languages Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Khitan . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
130-684: The Korean Goryeo dynasty and the Khitan Liao dynasty claimed to be successors of Goguryeo , it is possible that the Koreanic words in Khitan were borrowed from the language of Goguryeo . Khitan was written using two mutually exclusive writing systems known as the Khitan large script and the Khitan small script . The small script, which was a syllabary , was used until the Jurchen -speaking Jin dynasty (1115–1234) replaced it with
143-413: The 💕 [REDACTED] Look up Khitan or khitan in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Khitan or Khitai may refer to: Khitan (circumcision) , the Islamic circumcision rite Khitan people , an ancient nomadic people located in Mongolia and northern China Liao dynasty (916–1125), a dynasty of China ruled by the Khitan Yelü clan Northern Liao (1122–1123),
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#1732765952194156-451: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khitan&oldid=1149746661 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Language and nationality disambiguation pages Khitan language Khitan appears to have been related to
169-503: The title Khitan . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khitan&oldid=1149746661 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Language and nationality disambiguation pages Khitan From Misplaced Pages,
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