A lament or lamentation is a passionate expression of grief , often in music , poetry , or song form. The grief is most often born of regret , or mourning . Laments can also be expressed in a verbal manner in which participants lament about something that they regret or someone that they have lost, and they are usually accompanied by wailing, moaning and/or crying . Laments constitute some of the oldest forms of writing, and examples exist across human cultures.
25-473: Klage can refer to: German poem or song expressing grief; lament or dirge The Nibelungenklage , a Middle High German heroic poem Diu Klage , a Middle High German poem by Hartmann von Aue , also called Das Büchlein . Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Klage . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
50-587: A Spanish trading vessel. Poet and writer Angus Peter Campbell , quoting poet Sorley MacLean , has called it "one of the great artistic glories of all Europe". Author Bridget MacKenzie, in Piping Traditions of Argyll , suggests that it refers to the slaughter of the MacLeod's fighting Cromwell's forces at the Battle of Worcester. It may have been inspired by both. Other Scottish laments from outside of
75-473: A fixture in romantic opera, and the Marschallin's monologue in act 1 of Der Rosenkavalier can be understood as a penetrating psychological lament. In modernity, discourses about melancholia and trauma take the functional place ritual laments hold in premodern societies. This entails a shift from a focus on community and convention to individuality and authenticity. The purely instrumental lament
100-552: A musico-dramatic high point. In the context of opera buffa , the Countess's lament, " Dove sono ", comes as a surprise to the audience of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 's The Marriage of Figaro , and in Gioachino Rossini 's Barber of Seville , Rosina's plaintive words at her apparent abandonment are followed, not by the expected lament aria, but by a vivid orchestral interlude of storm music. The heroine's lament remained
125-465: A petition for help and deliverance, a curse towards one's enemies, an expression of the belief of ones innocence or a confession of the lack thereof, a vow corresponding to an expected divine response, and lastly, a song of thanksgiving. Examples of a general format of this, both in the individual and communal laments, can be seen in Psalm 3 and Psalm 44 respectively. The Lament of Edward II , if it
150-749: A regular part of Jewish , Catholic , Lutheran , Anglican and other Protestant liturgies. It has often been set to music, including works in Latin by Marc-Antoine Charpentier , Michel-Richard Delalande and Henry Purcell . The following table shows the Hebrew text of the Psalm with vowels alongside an English translation based upon the JPS 1917 translation (now in the public domain ). The Septuagint , an ancient Greek translation, has "my enemies without cause" (τοὺς ἐχθραίνοντάς μοι ματαίως) instead of "my enemies upon
175-608: A setting of a paraphrase in German, "Ach wie groß ist der Feinde Rott", SWV 099, for the Becker Psalter , published first in 1628. Marc-Antoine Charpentier composed around 1676 one " Domine quid multiplicati sunt", for 3 voices, 2 treble instruments and continuo , H.172. Michel-Richard Delalande composed his grand motet Domine quid sunt Multiplicati (S.37) for the offices of the Chapel of Versailles , and Henry Purcell set
200-619: A young man than he spent fleeing his son Absalom. David wrote many psalms that we find later in the book of psalms regarding situations where he was being pursued by Saul. But here is one of the opening songs in the Book of Psalms, and it is about the painful experience of fleeing from his own son. According to Matthew Henry 's Concise Commentary written in 1706, verses 1-3 represent David complaining to God of his enemies, and confiding in God. Verses 4-8 represent his triumphs over his fears, and "give God
225-670: Is a common form in piobaireachd music for the Scottish bagpipes . "MacCrimmon's Lament" dates to the Jacobite uprising of 1745. The tune is held to have been written by Donald Ban MacCrimmon, piper to the MacLeods of Dunvegan, who supported the Hanoverians. It is said that Donald Ban, who was killed at Moy in 1746, had an intimation that he would not return. A well-known Gaelic lullaby is " Griogal Cridhe " ("Beloved Gregor"). It
250-454: Is actually written by Edward II of England , is the sole surviving composition of his. A heroine's lament is a conventional fixture of baroque opera seria , accompanied usually by strings alone, in descending tetrachords . Because of their plangent cantabile melodic lines, evocatively free, non- strophic construction and adagio pace, operatic laments have remained vividly memorable soprano or mezzo-soprano arias even when separated from
275-588: Is the third psalm of the Book of Psalms , beginning in English in the King James Version : "Lord, how are they increased that trouble me!". In Latin, it is known as "Domine quid multiplicati sunt" . The psalm is a personal thanksgiving to God, who answered the prayer of an afflicted soul. It is attributed to David and relates in particular to the time when he fled from his son Absalom . The psalm forms
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#1732765968393300-678: The Jewish Tanakh , or Christian Old Testament . In many oral traditions, both early and modern, the lament has been a genre usually performed by women: Batya Weinbaum made a case for the spontaneous lament of women chanters in the creation of the oral tradition that resulted in the Iliad The material of lament, the "sound of trauma" is as much an element in the Book of Job as in the genre of pastoral elegy , such as Shelley 's "Adonais" or Matthew Arnold 's "Thyrsis". The Book of Lamentations or Lamentations of Jeremiah figures in
325-585: The piobaireachd tradition include "Lowlands Away" , "MacPherson's Rant", and "Hector the Hero". There is a short, free musical form appearing in the Baroque and then again in the Romantic periods, called lament. It is typically a set of harmonic variations in homophonic texture, wherein the bass ( Lament bass ) descends through a tetrachord, usually one suggesting a minor mode . Psalm 3 Psalm 3
350-466: The Hittite (2 Samuel, chapter 11). In that light, the prayer is a model for looking to God for help even in the midst of God's chastisement. Even so, David prays, "Thy blessing is upon Thy people". An evening and a morning are seen (verse 5) as David lays down to sleep and wakes up protected and sustained by providence. Absalom's advisor Ahitophel is personified as the mouth who David asks God to "break
375-527: The Lament/Complaint Psalms of the Tanakh , may be looked at as "a cry of need in a context of crisis when Israel lacks the resources to fend for itself". Another way of looking at it is all the more basic: laments simply being "appeals for divine help in distress". These laments, too, often have a set format: an address to God, description of the suffering/anguish from which one seeks relief,
400-632: The Old Testament. The Lamentation of Christ (under many closely variant terms) is a common subject from the Life of Christ in art , showing Jesus' dead body being mourned after the Crucifixion . Jesus himself lamented over the prospective fall of Jerusalem as he and his disciples entered the city ahead of his passion . A lament in the Book of Lamentations or in the Psalms , in particular in
425-490: The cheek" in verse 7, thus reading "For you have struck all who are enemies to me without cause." Origen notes that "some Jews say that the ancient copies were different." Psalm 3 is the first psalm with a title in the original and it concerns a specific time of crisis in David's life. David fled Absalom because of a series of events that followed from David being under discipline for his own sins regarding Bathsheba and Uriah
450-572: The emotional pathos of their operatic contexts. An early example is Ariadne's "Lasciatemi morire", which is the only survivor of Claudio Monteverdi 's lost Arianna . Francesco Cavalli 's operas extended the lamento formula, in numerous exemplars, of which Ciro's "Negatemi respiri" from Ciro is notable. Other examples include Dido's Lament ("When I am laid in earth") ( Henry Purcell , Dido and Aeneas ), " Lascia ch'io pianga " ( George Frideric Handel , Rinaldo ), "Caro mio ben" ( Tomaso or Giuseppe Giordani ). The lament continued to represent
475-452: The glory", while "taking to himself the comfort". Martin Luther felt that, overall, the goal in this psalm is to impart the confidence of those who consider themselves followers of YHWH to call on him. "But you, Yahweh, are a shield around me, my glory, and uplifts my head." (verse 3; Hebrew : v 4): This is the emphatic prayer of the oppressed who turn aside to YHWH. Although written in
500-515: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Klage&oldid=1004212585 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Lament Many of the oldest and most lasting poems in human history have been laments. The Lament for Sumer and Ur dates back at least 4000 years to ancient Sumer ,
525-516: The mouth of David (Hebrew title; Hebrew : verse 1) the reader is encouraged to consider how God rescues someone like David, who was at that time very in distress, saved and later raised to be king over all Israel. About 530 in the Rule of St. Benedict , Benedict of Nursia chose Psalm 3 for the beginning of the office of matins , namely as the first psalm in the liturgy of the Benedictine during
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#1732765968393550-525: The teeth of", and in the account, Ahitophel's counsel is frustrated and Ahitophel faces his demise. David fleeing his son at the start of Psalm 3 is in direct contrast with taking refuge in "the Son" at the end of Psalm 2 . This is also the first psalm which has the word or instruction selah , which appears after verses 2, 4 and 8. The final selah possibly indicates that Psalm 3 and Psalm 4 are tied together somehow. David spent more years fleeing Saul as
575-758: The world's first urban civilization. Laments are present in both the Iliad and the Odyssey , and laments continued to be sung in elegiacs accompanied by the aulos in classical and Hellenistic Greece. Elements of laments appear in Beowulf , in the Hindu Vedas , and in ancient Near Eastern religious texts. They are included in the Mesopotamian City Laments such as the Lament for Ur and
600-583: The year. In the abbeys that preserve the tradition, it is currently the first Psalm Sunday for the office of vigils. In the current Liturgy of the Hours, Psalm 3 is sung or recited the first Office of Readings on Sunday of the week, after the first two psalms. In the Church of England's Book of Common Prayer , Psalm 3 is appointed to be read on the morning of the first day of the month. Psalm 3 has been set to music by many composers. Heinrich Schütz wrote
625-555: Was composed in 1570 after the execution of Gregor MacGregor by the Campbells. The grief-stricken widow, Marion Campbell, describes what happened as she sings to her child. " Cumhadh na Cloinne " ("Lament for the Children") is a pìobaireachd composed by Padruig Mór MacCrimmon in the early 1650s. It is generally held to be based on the loss of seven of MacCrimmon's eight sons within a year to smallpox , possibly brought to Skye by
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