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47-597: The Kloveniersburgwal was dug at the end of the 15th century. The Geldersekade , the Singel and the Kloveniersburgwal together formed the city wall around the city. After the Nieuwe Gracht (Oude Schans now) was dug and the new city walls were built, Kloveniersburgwal lost its function as a defense canal. The old city wall was taken down and houses were built on it instead. The east side became populated in

94-431: A platform : four island platforms with tracks along the full length on both sides (tracks 4/5, 7/8, 10/11, 13/14); one side platform with one track along the full length (track 15); and one bay platform with two tracks (tracks 1/2). Platforms 2-15 have an A-side (to the west) and a B-side (to the east). This means that there are 21 places where a train can be positioned for passenger access, with scissors crossings in

141-747: A catastrophic plan, 'the most disgusting possible attack on the beauty and glory of the capital'. Nevertheless, the building of the Central Station in front of the open harbour was forced through by the railway department of the Ministry of Transport in The Hague , and the Home Secretary, Thorbecke . Finally, the plan made its way through the Amsterdam municipal council by a narrow majority. Construction works started in 1882. The station

188-511: A new bus station on the IJ lake side of the station (beyond platform 15). This can be reached from the main central walkway via escalators. Connexxion bus services depart from the Kamperbrug bus stops on the city centre side of the station. Free-of-charge ferry services from Amsterdam Centraal to the borough of Amsterdam North across the IJ lake depart from the quay on the northern side of

235-443: Is also served by a number of GVB tram and ferry routes as well as local and regional bus routes operated by GVB, Connexxion and EBS . Amsterdam Centraal was designed by Dutch architect Pierre Cuypers and opened in 1889. It features a Gothic , Renaissance Revival station building and a cast iron platform roof spanning approximately 40 metres. Since 1997, the station building, underground passages, metro station, and

282-531: Is an important cycle route. Amsterdam Centraal station Amsterdam Centraal station ( Dutch : Station Amsterdam Centraal [staːˈɕɔn ˌɑmstərˈdɑm sɛnˈtraːl] ; abbreviation : Asd) is the largest railway station in Amsterdam , North Holland , the Netherlands . A major international railway hub, it is used by 192,000 passengers a day, making it the second busiest railway station in

329-475: Is built on three interconnected artificial islands in the IJ lake. These islands were created with sand taken from the dunes near Velsen , which had become available as a result of the excavation of the North Sea Canal . The islands together are known as Stationseiland (Station Island). Like many other structures in Amsterdam, the station was built on wooden piles (8,687 pieces). The construction of

376-558: Is located under the water of the Open Havenfront, between Stationsplein and Prins Hendrikkade . The main entrance is at the Martelaarsgracht . Access to and from the station is via the central metro hall. The bicycle parking has space for 7,000 bicycles. There is no space for cargo bikes, fat bikes and scooters. Construction started in the summer of 2018 and was completed after more than four years. During this period,

423-543: Is the terminus station of three routes: Line 51 (Amsterdam Centraal - Isolatorweg ), Line 53 (Amsterdam Centraal - Gaasperplas ), and Line 54 (Amsterdam Centraal - Gein ). In July 2018, the new Line 52 ( Noord Station - Zuid Station ) opened. The metro station is only accessible with an OV-chipkaart smart card, the national fare system for public transport in the Netherlands. Disposable cards for one-hour, one-day or multiple-day use are available at ticket machines in

470-864: The Den Helder–Amsterdam railway (1865), also known as the Staatslijn K , from Den Helder to Amsterdam via Alkmaar and Uitgeest ; the Amsterdam-Zutphen railway (1874), also known as the Oosterspoorweg , via Hilversum , Amersfoort and Apeldoorn ; the Amsterdam-Elten railway (1856), also known as the Rhijnspoorweg , via Utrecht and Arnhem ; and the Amsterdam-Schiphol railway (1986), also known as

517-812: The Kloveniersburgwal and the Singel , formed the Stedegracht around the city. The Geldersekade ran north from Sint Antoniespoort (now the Waag ) on the Nieuwmarkt to the Schreierstoren on the IJ . A city wall was built on the city side, the western bank of the Geldersekade. This is clearly visible on the 1544 bird's-eye view map of Amsterdam by Cornelis Anthonisz. The eastern part, which

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564-529: The Nieuwmarkt with the Prins Hendrikkade . The Geldersekade is in the easternmost part of De Wallen , the red light district, and borders Chinatown. To the west, Elleboogsteeg, Stormsteeg and Waterpoortsteeg streets run between the even-numbered side of the Geldersekade and Zeedijk . To the east, Smidssteeg, Geldersesteeg, Waalsteeg, Binnen Bantammerstraat and Nieuwe Jonkerstraat run between

611-577: The Rijksmuseum , the station's overall architecture reminded many contemporaries of medieval cathedrals. For that reason, as well as for the fact that it became increasingly clear that the national government wanted the station to be built at the city's waterfront effectively separating the city from the IJ lake , the plan was highly controversial. In his book on the history of city, Amsterdam historian Geert Mak writes that: Almost all of Amsterdam's own experts and others involved thought this to be

658-627: The UK Border Force ) in the station before boarding their train (without having to disembark at Brussels-South station , go through the juxtaposed controls there, and re-board the train before continuing their journey to the UK). However, the launch was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic . The inauguration of juxtaposed controls in the station subsequently took place on 26 October 2020. From 2017 there will be further reconstruction works at

705-490: The Westtak Ringspoorbaan . As of December 2014, Amsterdam Centraal is served by 8 international rail routes and 22 national rail routes. From Amsterdam Central Station, one can travel by train to most major destinations in the Netherlands and surrounding countries. In the 2024 timetable, the station will be served by the following train series: IC 77 IC 35 ICE 43 National rail services at

752-831: The 'Kloveniersdoelen'. Nowadays, it is exhibited in the Rijksmuseum. Swijgh Utrecht was completely destroyed in 1882; the Doelenhotel was built there instead. During the Second World War , starting in February 1941, Kloveniersburgwal was the border of the Jewish quarter, segregated by the Germans. In the "Jodenhoek" between Centraal Station, Kloveniersburgwal, Waterlooplein, Valkenburgerstraat, and Prins Hendrikkade , there lived more than 25,000 Jews. Kloveniersburgwal

799-644: The 17th century and has a few grand mansions, like the Trippenhuis, now housing the KNAW. The name 'Kloveniersburgwal' comes from a division of the civic guards, the 'kloveniers', named after the gun the guards were armed with. The kloveniers met at the ' Kloveniersdoelen ' next to Swijgh Utrecht on the corner of the Kloveniersburgwal and the Nieuwe Doelenstraat. Later on their groupportrait, the famous painting De Nachtwacht (by Rembrandt ), hung in

846-554: The Amsterdam Centraal building site, the line was fully completed in 2018. Construction works at the station include a renovation of the station building, including the reconstruction of original station features which had disappeared over the years, a redevelopment of the Stationsplein (Station Square), and a new bus station on the north side of the station. In 2000, the new western passenger tunnel opened replacing

893-504: The Station Island. With all buses eventually moving to the new bus station on the north side, the Station Island should only be accessible to pedestrians, cyclists and trams. The three passenger tunnels underneath the station were upgraded and provided with convenience stores and kiosks. In addition, two new passageways were created enabling the hosting of larger retail stores, geared towards passengers who have more time to spend at

940-457: The capital city's industrial and commercial importance. A royal waiting room for the Dutch monarchy (one of three in active use in the country today) was also included in the design. Cuypers' station reflects the romantic nationalistic mood in the late nineteenth-century Netherlands , with its many decorative elements glorifying the nation's economic and colonial power at the time. As with

987-465: The city. In 1920, the East Wing of the station (the lower end of the building) was demolished and replaced by "The East", a postal service building designed by Cuypers' son Joseph. A second, narrower and longer but similar roof on the north side of the station was completed in 1922. In the 1950s, a pedestrian tunnel was created between the station and the road in front of it, which terminated inside

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1034-416: The country after Utrecht Centraal and the most visited Rijksmonument of the Netherlands. National and international railway services at Amsterdam Centraal are provided by NS (Nederlandse Spoorwegen) , the principal rail operator in the Netherlands. Amsterdam Centraal is the northern terminus of Amsterdam Metro routes 51, 53, 54, and stop for 52 operated by municipal public transport operator GVB . It

1081-604: The direction of Sloterdijk station . In 1996, a third, 'centre roof' designed by Jan Garvelink, architect at Holland Rail Consult, was built between the two existing roofs, whereby all platforms at the station were now covered. Since 1997, the station has been continuously undergoing reconstruction works because of the development of the North-South Line of the Amsterdam Metro , which was originally planned to be completed in 2014. Due to several setbacks, some at

1128-408: The first two days after the opening, several dozens of thousands paid. The opening of the central station marked the city's transition from a waterfront city to an inland city, spurring further redevelopment activities in the city centre which included the realignment of streets and the filling up of canals. The waterways would soon be replaced by tramways and cars as the primary modes of transport in

1175-486: The main tunnel in the centre of the station which was shut down enabling the construction of the new metro line. In 2004, platforms 10-15 were extended to accommodate international high-speed rail services. Construction works for the bus station commenced in 2003, opened in 2009 and finished in 2014. It includes the construction of a fourth station roof and a station hall with space for shops and restaurants. It replaces 5 small bus stations and several isolated bus stops across

1222-486: The metro station hall. As of 2018, the following metro services call at Centraal Station: Tram services at Amsterdam Centraal are provided from two tram stations on Stationsplein (Station Square), situated in front of the station's main entrance. Tram routes 2, 12, 13 and 17 call on the west side ( Westzijde , Platform B) of the square, the other routes call on the east side ( Oostzijde , Platform-A). As of July 2018, GVB city bus routes 18, 21 and 22 and 48 depart from

1269-576: The middle enabling trains to pass each other. Track 1 terminates short of the western end of the station building, which fronts track 2. Tracks 3, 6, 9, and 12 have no platform. Amsterdam Centraal is a terminus station on many historical railway lines in the Netherlands: the Amsterdam–Rotterdam railway (1839), also known as the Oude Lijn , via Haarlem , Leiden and The Hague (Den Haag);

1316-557: The new bus platform G on the lake side of the station ( IJzijde or 'IJ side'). Night bus services operate daily, starting around midnight and running until around 6 AM. From Monday to Thursday, night buses run once per hour. On Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays, they run twice per hour. As of December 2014, all night buses depart from platform G on the lake side of the station and call at all main entertainment areas in Amsterdam's city centre, including Leidseplein and Rembrandtplein . EBS (part of Egged ) regional bus services depart from

1363-499: The odd-numbered side and Rechtboomssloot . The monumental house Het Tabaksvat, at Geldersekade 8, was originally a 17th-century merchant's house. The facade is from the last quarter of the 18th century. The interior was used for storage by the ships supply firm J. & J. Vinke, later the Ship Chandlers Warehouse. The Geldersekade was part of the city moat dug at the end of the 15th century that, together with

1410-497: The open harbour front allowing for the station to be connected to the existing main lines in the area to the west and the south, but also to a projected new northern line. Cuypers' design of the station building in many ways strongly resembled his other architectural masterpiece, the Rijksmuseum , of which the construction had begun in 1876. It features a palace -like, Gothic / Renaissance Revival facade, with two turrets and many ornamental details and stone reliefs referring to

1457-519: The quay. After the war, tram line 26 (1946–48) and tram line 11 ran successively along the quay until 1955. After that it was a bus route with very intensive bus traffic from the early 1970s, especially for the bus line to the Bijlmer. After the opening of the metro to Amsterdam Centraal station in 1980, the east side of the Geldersekade was re-profiled. It was no longer suitable for bus traffic, which now had to pass through Valkenburgerstraat. Today it

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1504-535: The station are provided by NS , the principal rail operator in the Netherlands. NS offers four types of rail service from Amsterdam Centraal: Intercity Direct operating on the HSL-Zuid high-speed rail line, long-distance Intercity services, local Sprinter services, and the Nachtnet night service. Amsterdam Centraal metro station (called Centraal Station on the Amsterdam Metro system) opened in 1980. It

1551-680: The station at the De Ruijterkade . Just behind the station is the EYE Film Institute Netherlands , easily accessible with a free ferry. Due to the completion of the Stationseiland project and the implementation of the Entree plan, the station has had two indoor bicycle parking station and two station bicycle parking stations around the station since 2023. After moving both car traffic and bus traffic from

1598-525: The station square to the rear of the station, the municipality has further reduced the large number of bicycles parked on the street around the station with the construction of these two large station bicycle parkings at the station, whereby cyclists have to park their bicycles in the sheds and no longer on the street. The Stationsplein Bicycle Parking, the largest bicycle shed in Amsterdam, opened on 26 January 2023 at Central Station. The bicycle shed

1645-416: The station was delayed because of the instability of the soil, which set back the completion of the work by several years. The station building was completed in 1884, but the commission to Cuypers did not include the roofwork of the platforms. Therefore, the station did not yet feature its distinctive station roof. This roof, consisting of 50 curved trusses and a span of almost 45 meters (147 ft 8 in),

1692-670: The station. On 4 February 2020, the Minister of Infrastructure and Water Management , Cora van Nieuwenhuizen , and the UK Transport Secretary , Grant Shapps , announced that juxtaposed controls would be established in the station. According to the announcement, starting from 30 April 2020, Eurostar passengers travelling to the UK would clear exit checks from the Schengen Area as well as UK entry checks (conducted by

1739-428: The station. A number of platforms will be widened making use of the tracks which do not currently have platforms. This means that alterations will be made in the tunnels under the platforms again. Furthermore, the eastern tunnel will be made wider, based on the example of the middle tunnel. The old railway bridges to the east of the station will also be replaced. Amsterdam Centraal has 15 tracks, 11 of which are alongside

1786-421: The station. With the construction of the metro tunnel in the late 1970s, both the pedestrian tunnel and the road in front of the station disappeared. In the early 1980s, the central hall and middle tunnel were considerably widened and modernized. In the 1990s, a new signaling post was built on the western side of the station. In addition, the number of tracks on that side was expanded in order to increase capacity in

1833-495: The surrounding area have been undergoing major reconstruction and renovation works to accommodate the North-South Line metro route, which was opened on 22 July 2018. Amsterdam Centraal has the second longest railway platform in the Netherlands with a length of 695 metres. Due to the length, each platform may serve two trains, while one embarks from side "a" of a platform and the other, from side "b". Amsterdam Centraal

1880-663: The temporary Westerdok Station used from 1878 to 1889. The idea for a central station came from Johan Rudolph Thorbecke , then the Netherlands Minister of the Interior and responsible for the national railways, who, in 1884, laid two proposals before the Amsterdam municipal council. In the first proposal, the station would be situated between the Leidseplein and the Amstel river. In the other, it would be built in

1927-582: The water from the Open Havenfront was pumped away and part of the Prins Hendrikkade, with the former Prins Hendrikplantsoen, was excavated. The storage facility was built in the construction pit, after which the water returned. Above the storage facility there are now jetties for tour boats . On 22 February 2023, the IJboulevard Bicycle Parking was also completed and put into use on the north side of Central Station, which

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1974-521: Was demolished and houses were built. The Lastage was developed between the Geldersekade and the Oudeschans . A fish market was built after 1840 in the water of the Geldersekade, on the north side of the Nieuwmarkt. It replaced the fish market on Dam Square , which had to make way for the Beurs van Zocher. The scaffolding and wooden sheds were replaced in 1862 by the stone Gemeentelijke Vishal, which

2021-522: Was demolished in 1938. The entire quay has been called Geldersekade since 3 April 1912. In addition, the nearby Leliestraatje was given the name Geldersesteeg. There is also a diver bridge (495) in the Nieuwmarkt, the Bijleveldschesluis, over the water connection with the Kloveniersburgwal. Until October 1980, the east side of the Geldersekade was an important through route, also for public transport. From 1905 to 1942, tram line 8 ran over

2068-436: Was designed by Pierre Cuypers , who is also known for his design of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. While Cuypers was the principal architect, it is believed that he focused mostly on the decoration of the station building and left the structural design to railway engineers. The station was built by contractor Philipp Holzmann . The new central station replaced Amsterdam Willemspoort Station, which had closed in 1878, as well as

2115-405: Was designed by L.J. Eijmer, a civil engineer with the private railroad company Staatsspoorwegen . The roof was manufactured by Andrew Handyside and Company of Derby , England . Cuypers did design the decorations for the trusses and the gable ends. On 15 October 1889, the station was officially opened, drawing large numbers of crowds. The visitors were charged 0.25 guilders to see the station; in

2162-587: Was outside the city until 1585, was called the Cologne quay and then the Gelderland quay, and also the London quay or English quay for a short time. The names arose because there were jetties here where the ships from Gelderland , Cologne and England moored. The Geldersekade lost its function as a moat after the Nieuwe Gracht (the current Oude Schans ) was dug and new city walls were built. The old city wall

2209-500: Was popular with administrators at the Dutch East India Company , being close to its center on Oude Hoogstraat and its warehouse. There are some historically important monuments located at Kloveniersburgwal, for example: 52°22′13″N 4°53′53″E  /  52.3703°N 4.8981°E  / 52.3703; 4.8981 Geldersekade The Geldersekade is a canal and a street in Amsterdam that connects

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