An H engine is a piston engine comprising two separate flat engines (complete with separate crankshafts), most often geared to a common output shaft. The name "H engine" is due to the engine blocks resembling a letter "H" when viewed from the front. The most successful "H" engine in this form was the Napier Dagger and its derivatives. The name was also applied to engines of the same basic layout, but rotated through 90 degrees—most famously the Napier Sabre series. A variation on the "H" theme were the Fairey Prince (H-16) & Fairey P.24 Monarch , where the two engines retained separate drives, driving Contra-rotating propellers through separate concentric shafts. Although successful, they only existed in prototype form.
62-437: The H engine is a relatively rare layout, with its main use being in aircraft engines during the 1930s and 1940s. The 1966 Lotus 43 Formula One car used a BRM 16-cylinder H engine, and an 8-cylinder H engine was used for powerboat racing in the 1970s. The benefits of an H engine are the ability to share common parts with the flat engine upon which it is based, and the good engine balance which results in less vibration (which
124-572: A 3-Litre successor. They started the season fielding the hastily prepared and uncompetitive two-litre Coventry-Climax FWMV V8 engine, only switching to the BRM P75 H16 engine in time for the Italian Grand Prix, with the new engine proving to be overweight and unreliable. A switch to the new Ford Cosworth DFV, designed by former Lotus employee Keith Duckworth , in 1967 returned the team to winning form. Although they failed to win
186-544: A budget-limited championship in 2010, Litespeed acquired the right to submit an entry under the historic name. Lotus Cars , the sister company of the original Team Lotus, distanced itself from the new entry and announced its willingness to take action to protect its name and reputation if necessary. When the 2010 entry list was released on 12 June 2009, the Litespeed Team Lotus entry was not one of those selected. In September 2009, reports emerged of plans for
248-583: A few units were produced in early 1939. Any development planned was interrupted by World War II and subsequent years of austerity. Wooler built a motorcycle prototype with a similar configuration to the Brough Superior Golden Dream and exhibited it at the British International Motor Show at Earls Court Exhibition Centre in 1948 and again in 1951. This was replaced by a flat-four engined prototype at
310-511: A green stripe with the Lotus logo. Pacific left Formula One after the 1995 Australian Grand Prix . The last race for Lotus was the 1994 Australian Grand Prix . Following the 1994 collapse – but before the end of that season – the rights to the name Team Lotus were purchased by David Hunt , brother of former F1 champion James Hunt . In 2009, when the FIA announced an intention to invite entries for
372-592: A lap; it was the first mid-engined car to win the Indianapolis 500 . Many of Chapman's successes came from innovation. The Lotus 25 was the first monocoque chassis in F1, the 49 was the first car of note to use the engine as a stressed member, the Lotus 56 Indycar was powered by a gas turbine engine and was fitted with four-wheel drive , the Lotus 63 was the first mid-engined F1 car to race with four-wheel drive, and
434-506: Is difficult to achieve in many other types of four-cylinder engines). However, H engines are relatively heavy and have a high centre of gravity. The latter is not only due to the second crankshaft being located near the top of the engine, but also the engine must be high enough off the ground to allow clearance underneath for the exhaust pipes. The U engine layout uses a similar concept, placing two straight engines side-by-side. The British Racing Motors (BRM) H-16 Formula One engine won
496-612: Is quoted as saying, "Did I think the Lotus way of doing things was good? No. We had several structural failures in those cars [Indianapolis Lotus 34 and 38]. But at the time, I felt it was the price you paid for getting something significantly better." When the Formula One engine size increased to three litres in 1966, Lotus was caught unprepared partly because of the surprising failure of the Coventry Climax 1.5-Litre FWMW Flat-16 project, which prevented Climax from developing
558-671: The 1961 United States Grand Prix . A year earlier, Stirling Moss had recorded the first victory for a Lotus car at Monaco in his Lotus 18 car entered by the privateer team Rob Walker Racing Team . There were successes in Formula Two and Formula Junior . The road car business was doing well with the Lotus Seven and the Lotus Elite and this was followed by the Lotus Elan in 1962. More racing success followed with
620-534: The 1968 Monaco Grand Prix . Graham Hill won the F1 World Championship in 1968 driving the Lotus 49. Around the same time, Chapman moved Lotus to new premises at Hethel in Norfolk . A new factory was built on the site, the former RAF Hethel bomber base, and the old runways were converted into a testing facility. The offices and design studios were based at nearby Ketteringham Hall, which became
682-519: The 1968 South African Grand Prix ) to paint their cars in the livery of their sponsors , with Clark's Lotus 48 Formula Two car appearing at Hockenheim in the red, gold and white colors of the Imperial Tobacco 's Gold Leaf brand. The first Formula One car in this livery was Graham Hill 's Lotus 49 B car entered at the 1968 Spanish Grand Prix in Jarama . Team Lotus as a constructor
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#1732781006360744-489: The 1992 South African Grand Prix and 1992 French Grand Prix . The team finished 5th in the Constructors' Championship. Häkkinen, who finished 8th in the 1992 Drivers' Championship, moved to McLaren as a test driver in 1993. He was replaced by Alessandro Zanardi , who was himself replaced by Pedro Lamy after crashing heavily at the 1993 Belgian Grand Prix , where Herbert scored the last two points for Team Lotus. Over
806-644: The 1994 Belgian Grand Prix , but by the time of the Italian Grand Prix Zanardi was back in the car. Herbert qualified fourth in the 109, but at the first corner he was punted off by the Jordan of Eddie Irvine . Herbert later commented that he felt he could have won the race. The following day the team applied for an Administration Order to protect itself from creditors. Tom Walkinshaw pounced and bought Johnny Herbert's contract, moving him into Ligier and then Benetton. An Administration Order
868-580: The Lotus Cars production version of which was the original Lotus Elite , won six class victories, plus the "Index of Performance" several times at the 24 Hours of Le Mans race. As the Coventry Climax engines were enlarged in 1952 to 2.2-litres, Chapman decided to enter Grand Prix racing, running a pair of Lotus 12s at Monaco in 1958 for Graham Hill and Cliff Allison. These were replaced later that year by Lotus 16s . In 1959 – by which time
930-1322: The United States Grand Prix at Watkins Glen , the only race win for the P75 engine, using a spare engine loaned by the BRM team. However, gearbox failure again led to the 43's retirement from the final race of the season, the Mexican Grand Prix . In 1967 the 43 made its final appearance at the South African Grand Prix at the Kyalami circuit, where Clark and new team mate Graham Hill both retired their cars. Only two cars were built and were later sold to Robert Lamplough and Jock Russell , who fitted them with 4.7 litre Ford V8 engines and competed in Formula 5000 events. ( key ) ^1 Total points scored by all Lotus-BRM cars, including 4 points scored by drivers of Lotus 33 variants. ^2 Total points scored by all Lotus-BRM cars, including 6 points scored by drivers of Lotus 33 variants. ( key ) A driveable, detailed reconstruction of
992-513: The 1953 show. German firm Konig, who specialised in racing outboard motors, built a few 1000cc H-8s in the 1970s, which were basically two of their VC500 flat fours mounted one above the other, with the direction of rotation reversed on one of them. Each half of the engine was a water cooled 2-stroke with rotating disc valve driven by a toothed belt via two 45/90 degree pulleys, plus two siamesed expansion chamber exhausts, fed by two single choke carbs. Both cylinders at each end of each engine fired at
1054-488: The 1966 US Grand Prix in a Lotus 43 driven by Jim Clark. It was also used by the unsuccessful 1966 BRM P83 car driven by Graham Hill and Jackie Stewart. As a racing-car engine it was hampered by a high center of gravity , and it was heavy and complex, with gear-driven twin overhead cams for each of four cylinder heads, two gear-coupled crankshafts, and mechanical fuel injection. The Brough Superior Golden Dream motorcycle, first shown in 1938. A 1,000 cc H-4 design and
1116-404: The 2011 FIA Formula One World Championship. The announcement came as part of a 'strategic alliance' between the two companies and at the time meant there would be two teams running as Lotus that season. Although neither had any physical links to the pre-1994 Team Lotus Formula 1 team, only Fernandes's "Team Lotus" had the name, while Lotus-Renault was backed by Group Lotus plc. On 23 December 2010,
1178-674: The 26R, the racing version of the Elan, and in 1963 with the Lotus Cortina , which Jack Sears drove to the British Saloon Car Championship title, a feat repeated by Jim Clark in 1964 and Alan Mann in the 1965 European Touring car Championship. In 1963, Clark drove the Lotus 25 to a remarkable seven wins in the season and won the World Championship. The 1964 title was still for the taking by
1240-517: The 72 broke new ground in aerodynamics. Chapman was also an innovator as a team boss. For the 1968 season, the FIA decided to permit sponsorship after the withdrawal of support from automotive-related firms, such as BP, Shell and Firestone. In April, Team Lotus, initially using the British racing green , became the first works team (second only to Team Gunston entering a private Brabham car at
1302-581: The Chapman family released a statement in which they unequivocally backed Group Lotus in the dispute over the use of the Lotus name in Formula One, and made it clear that they would prefer that the Team Lotus name did not return to F1. On 27 May 2011, Justice Peter Smith finally made his verdict public in High Court, giving permission to Tony Fernandes to naming his F1 team Team Lotus after purchasing
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#17327810063601364-426: The Constructors' Championship to Williams (who beat them on countback with 4 wins). Senna scored eight pole positions, with two wins (Spain and Detroit) in 1986 driving the evolutionary Lotus 98T . Lotus regained 3rd in the Constructors' Championship, passing Ferrari. At the end of the year the team lost its long-time backing from John Player & Sons and found new sponsorship with Camel . Senna's skills attracted
1426-439: The Coventry Climax engines had been stretched to 2.5-litres inline with Formula rules – Chapman continued with front-engined F1 cars, but achieved little, so in 1960 Chapman switched to the milestone mid-engined Lotus 18 . By then, the company's success had caused it to expand to such an extent that it had to move to new premises at Cheshunt . The first Formula One victory for the Lotus works team came when Innes Ireland won
1488-399: The F1 World Championship. Lotus attempted to take ground effects further with the Lotus 80 and Lotus 88 . The team developed an all- carbon-fibre car, the Lotus 88, in 1981. The 88 was banned from racing for its 'twin chassis' technology where the driver had separate suspension from the aerodynamic parts of the car. McLaren's MP4/1 beat it as the first all-carbon-fibre car to race. Chapman
1550-552: The Lotus 43 (with matching car physics) appeared in 2007 in the freely-available '66 Mod' for the PC-based racing simulation Grand Prix Legends . Team Lotus Team Lotus was the motorsport sister company of English sports car manufacturer Lotus Cars . The team ran cars in many motorsport categories including Formula One , Formula Two , Formula Ford , Formula Junior , IndyCar , and sports car racing . More than ten years after its last race, Team Lotus remained one of
1612-559: The Malaysian Government to back a Lotus named entry for the 2010 championship to promote the Malaysian car manufacturer Proton , which at that time owned Lotus Cars. On 15 September 2009 the FIA announced that the Malaysian backed team Lotus Racing had been granted admission into the 2010 season. Group Lotus later terminated the licence for future seasons as a result of what it called "flagrant and persistent breaches of
1674-512: The Type 51. Chapman was also successful at Indianapolis with the Lotus 29, almost winning the 500 at its first attempt in 1963 with Clark at the wheel. The race marked the beginning of the end for the old front-engined Indianapolis roadsters. Clark was leading when he retired from the 1964 event with suspension failure, but in 1965, he won the biggest prize in US racing driving his Lotus 38 and winning by
1736-553: The US GP by rookie driver Emerson Fittipaldi , who had made his debut in the British GP in a 49, sealed the championship for Rindt, who became the only man in history to win the world championship posthumously. Lotus's 1971 experiments did not bring any serious advance in technology, but allowed Chapman to test several drivers. For 1972, the team focused again on the type 72 chassis, with Imperial Tobacco continuing its sponsorship of
1798-515: The World Championship, despite the fact that the Italian did not win a race. The team also finished in 3rd place in the Constructors' Championship. When Nigel Mansell departed at the end of the year the team hired Ayrton Senna . The Lotus 97T scored victories with de Angelis at Imola and Senna in Portugal and Belgium. The team, although it had now won three races instead of none, lost 3rd in
1860-529: The accolade. Team Lotus also won the F1 World Championship for Manufacturers for a sixth time in 1973. The 72 raced in Formula 1 for five years, proving to be more successful than its supposed replacement, the Lotus 76 . It was finally retired at the end of the 1975 season, as the Lotus 77 was prepared for the 1976 season. The first-ever Formula Ford car was built around a Formula 3 Lotus,
1922-722: The attention of the Honda Motor Company and when Lotus agreed to run Satoru Nakajima as its second driver a deal for engines was agreed. The Ducarouge-designed 99T featured active suspension , but Senna was able to win just twice: at Monaco and Detroit, with the team again finishing 3rd in the Constructors' Championship, like the previous year behind British rivals Williams and McLaren, but ahead of Ferrari. The Brazilian moved to McLaren in 1988, and Lotus signed Senna's countryman and then World Champion Nelson Piquet from Williams. Both Piquet and Nakajima failed to make any impressions in terms of fighting for victories. However
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1984-473: The championship until he was killed at Monza when a brake shaft broke. Rindt had only recently begun to wear a shoulder harness, but refused to wear crotch straps because he felt they slowed his exit from the car in the event of fire. When the car hit the barrier head-on, Rindt submarined forward and the lap belt inflicted fatal head and neck injuries. The rest of the 1970 season was nailbiting, as Ferrari closed in on Rindt's undefended lead. A brilliant victory in
2046-494: The engine as a stressed structural member which bore weight and to which the rear suspension was attached. The car was supposed to debut at the 1966 Monaco Grand Prix , driven by Peter Arundell , but it was unavailable. Its first outing at the following Belgian Grand Prix ended during practice, when the engine gave out. The 43 reappeared at the Italian Grand Prix but retired with gearbox failure. Clark then won
2108-633: The engine capacity to 3 litres. Along with newer, wider tyres better able to handle the power of the larger engines, the need for a more robust design was obvious. Cosworth were developing a new engine for Lotus, the DFV , to be introduced for the 1967 Formula One season , and in the meantime Chapman made a deal for use of the BRM P75 H16 engine. The P75 on paper was technically advanced and powerful, and Chapman had hopes that it would power his cars to another successful season. The first sign of trouble
2170-425: The following year, the team signed a deal to use Ford's HB V8 in their new Lotus 107s , designed by Chris Murphy. The team was now short on money and this affected performance, but the car allowed Häkkinen to score 11 points, including two fourth places at the 1992 French Grand Prix (where he had failed to qualify the previous year) and the 1992 Hungarian Grand Prix , while Herbert scored two points for 6th Places at
2232-431: The headquarters of both Team Lotus and Lotus Cars. Additional car testing was carried out at Snetterton , a few miles from Hethel. In 1969, the team spent a lot of time experimenting with a gas turbine powered car, and, after four wet races in 1968, with four wheel drive. Both were unsuccessful, especially as every race was dry. They penned a revolutionary new car for 1970 – the wedge-shaped Lotus 72 . The new Lotus 72
2294-421: The less powerful naturally-aspirated V8 cars during the season, and rarely challenged either McLaren or Ferrari. The Lotus-Honda 100T was not a success and Ducarouge returned to France in mid-1989. Lotus hired Frank Dernie to replace him. With the new engine regulations in 1989, Lotus lost its turbocharged Honda engines and used the normally-aspirated Judd V8 instead. In the middle of the year Warr departed and
2356-481: The licence by the team". A little over one year later, on 24 September 2010, it was announced that Tony Fernandes (Lotus Racing) had acquired the name rights of Team Lotus from David Hunt, marking the official rebirth of Team Lotus in Formula One. Then on 8 December 2010, Genii Capital and Group Lotus plc announced the creation of "Lotus Renault GP", the successor to the Renault F1 Team that would contest
2418-582: The livery of the Lotus Renault GP team, sponsored by Lotus Cars, and in 2012 the team was re-branded completely as Lotus F1 Team . Colin Chapman established Lotus Engineering Ltd in 1952 at Hornsey , UK . Lotus achieved rapid success with the 1953 Mk 6 and the 1954 Mk 8 sports cars. Team Lotus was split off from Lotus Engineering in 1954. A new Formula Two regulation was announced for 1957, and in Britain, several organizers ran races for
2480-468: The most successful and popular drivers of all time, was killed driving a Lotus 48 car at Hockenheimring in a non-championship Formula Two event. The season saw the introduction of wings as seen previously on various cars, including the Chaparral sports car, and a Lotus car became the first Formula One car with wings. Colin Chapman introduced modest front wings and a spoiler on Hill's Lotus 49 B at
2542-627: The most successful racing teams of all time, winning seven Formula One Constructors' titles , six Drivers' Championships , and the Indianapolis 500 in the United States between 1962 and 1978. Under the direction of founder and chief designer Colin Chapman , Lotus was responsible for many innovative and experimental developments in critical motorsport, in both technical and commercial arenas. The Lotus name returned to Formula One in 2010 as Tony Fernandes 's Lotus Racing team. In 2011, Team Lotus's iconic black-and-gold livery returned to F1 as
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2604-415: The new Team Lotus was launched with Mika Häkkinen and Julian Bailey being signed for the 1991 season to drive updated Lotus 102Bs with Judd engines. At the 1991 San Marino Grand Prix , the team scored its first double points finish since the 1988 Brazilian Grand Prix , with Häkkinen in fifth and Bailey in sixth. Despite this, Bailey was soon replaced by Johnny Herbert for the balance of the season. For
2666-636: The new regulations during the course of 1956. Most of the cars entered that year were sports cars, and they included a large number of Lotus 11s , the definitive Coventry Climax -powered sports racer, led by the Team Lotus entries for Chapman, driven by Cliff Allison and Reg Bicknell. The following year, the Lotus 12 appeared. Driving one in 1958, Allison won the F2 class in the International Trophy at Silverstone , beating Stuart Lewis-Evans 's Cooper. The remarkable Coventry Climax-powered Type 14,
2728-475: The old car for the first few races. The Portuguese driver was seriously injured in an accident in testing at Silverstone and Zanardi returned. The team's new car, the Lotus 109 , was introduced at the 1994 Spanish Grand Prix , five races into the season, but only one car was available until the French Grand Prix two races later. In an effort to survive the team took on pay-driver Philippe Adams at
2790-483: The other Lotus 77 , qualified 8th only to fall out with suspension failure before completing a lap. Chapman and Andretti ran into each other in a hotel coffee shop the morning after the race, and decided to join forces. Andretti's development expertise helped give new life to the then-moribund Lotus 77 . Engineers began to investigate aerodynamic ground effects . The Lotus 78 , and then the Lotus 79 of 1978 were extraordinarily successful, with Mario Andretti winning
2852-426: The rights to the name from previous owner David Hunt. Added to that, Group Lotus are entitled to race in F1 using the historic black and gold livery and have the right to use the Lotus marque on cars for road use. In summary, the 2011 Formula One season had two teams running the Lotus name with Group Lotus entitled to use the name "Lotus" on its own while Fernandes's team used "Team Lotus". In 2012, Lotus-Renault GP
2914-525: The same time, hence the siamesed exhausts for each pair. Subaru has marketed its flat-four and flat-six engines as "H4" and "H6" respectively. The letter "H" in this case refers to "horizontally-opposed", an alternative term for flat engines ; these engines can also be said to look like a "H" or conjoined "H"s, albeit from the top and in schematic form. The Saab H engine is a straight-four engine produced from 1981 to 2009. The letter "H" represents "high compression". Lotus 43 The Lotus 43
2976-561: The team still managed to finish 4th in the Constructors' Championship. Lotus showed in 1988 that it took more than a Honda engine to win races. 1988 was the year in which McLaren (with Senna and Alain Prost ) won 15 of the season's 16 races with the same specification Honda engines as Lotus were using. The best results for the team were three 3rd places for Piquet in Brazil , San Marino and Australia . Lotus at times were hard-pressed fighting off
3038-448: The team under its new John Player Special brand. The cars, now often referred to as 'JPS', were fielded in a new black and gold livery – a new brand developed to make the most of the promotional power of motorsport. Lotus took the championship by surprise in 1972 with 25-year-old Brazilian driver Emerson Fittipaldi , who became at the time the youngest world champion, a distinction he held until 2005, when 24-year-old Fernando Alonso took
3100-669: The time of the last race in Mexico but problems with Clark's Lotus and Hill's BRM gave it to Surtees in his Ferrari. However, in 1965, Clark dominated again, six wins in his Lotus 33 gave him the championship. While very innovative, Chapman also came under criticism for the structural fragility of his designs. The number of top drivers seriously injured or killed in Lotus machinery was considerable – notably Stirling Moss, Alan Stacey, Mike Taylor, Jim Clark, Mike Spence, Bobby Marshman, Graham Hill, Jochen Rindt and Ronnie Peterson. In Dave Friedman's book "Indianapolis Memories 1961–1969", Dan Gurney
3162-464: The title in 1967 , by the end of the season, the Lotus 49 car and the DFV engine were mature enough to make the Lotus team dominant again. However, for the 1968 season Lotus had lost its exclusive right to use the DFV. The season-opening 1968 South African Grand Prix confirmed Lotus's superiority, with Jim Clark and Graham Hill finishing 1–2. It would be Clark's last win. On 7 April 1968, Clark, one of
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#17327810063603224-488: The year, the team scored 12 points despite the tight budget and finished 6th in the 1993 Constructors' Championship. Herbert finished 9th in the Drivers' Championship with three 4th placements: the 1993 Brazilian Grand Prix , where he lost 3rd to Benetton's Michael Schumacher shortly before the end of the race; the 1993 European Grand Prix , where he made only one pit stop for tyres; and the 1993 British Grand Prix , where he
3286-455: Was a Formula One racing car designed by Colin Chapman for the 1966 season . Hampered by its heavy and unreliable BRM engine, it won only one race, the 1966 United States Grand Prix . The Lotus 43 was partially based on the Lotus 38 Indycar, due to Chapman's experience at Indy with larger engine capacity and tyre/suspension setup. The car was designed in this way in response to new regulations which came into force in 1966, which increased
3348-482: Was a very innovative car, featuring torsion bar suspension, hip-mounted radiators, inboard front brakes and an overhanging rear wing. The 72 originally had suspension problems, and Jochen Rindt took a lucky victory in Monaco in the old 49 when Jack Brabham crashed on the last lap while leading. But when antidive and antisquat were designed out of the suspension, the car quickly showed its superiority, and Rindt dominated
3410-618: Was beginning work on an active suspension development programme when he died of a heart attack in December 1982 at the age of 54. After Chapman's death, the racing team was continued by his widow, Hazel, and managed by Peter Warr , but a series of F1 designs proved unsuccessful since then. Midway through 1983 Lotus hired French designer Gérard Ducarouge and, in five weeks, he built the Renault turbo powered 94T. A switch to Goodyear tyres in 1984 enabled Elio de Angelis to finish third in
3472-462: Was first to achieve 50 Grand Prix victories. (Ferrari was the second to do so, having won their first Formula One race in 1951, seven years before the first Lotus F1 car.) In the mid-to-late 1970s, Lotus experienced a resurgence with Mario Andretti joining the team. This came about the morning after the 1976 U.S. Grand Prix West at Long Beach, when Andretti's VPJ-Parnelli had proven uncompetitive. Bob Evans did not qualify his Lotus and Gunnar Nilsson, in
3534-511: Was hired to replace Herbert for the last two races of the season. In December, however, work on the design of a new car (the Lotus 112 ) was halted and the staff laid off. In February 1995 Hunt announced an alliance with Pacific Grand Prix , who like Lotus were also based in Norfolk in the UK, and Team Lotus came to an end. Pacific were initially referred to as Pacific Team Lotus and their car featured
3596-598: Was made in respect of the Company on 12 September 1994, and it was compulsorily wound up by the Court on 13 February 1995. A sworn statement of affairs showed that the company had an estimated deficiency of £12,050,000. Disqualification Orders were made against Peter Collins, and Peter Wright on 15 October 1998 for nine years, and seven years respectively. Before the end of the 1994 season, the team had been sold to David Hunt , brother of 1976 World Champion James , and Mika Salo
3658-407: Was not a success with Warwick scoring all the three points for a 6th in the 1990 Canadian Grand Prix and a 5th in the 1990 Hungarian Grand Prix ; Donnelly was nearly killed in a violent accident at Jerez . At the end of the year Camel withdrew their sponsorship. Former Team Lotus employees Peter Collins and Peter Wright organized a deal to take over the team from the Chapman family and in December
3720-515: Was not far behind Riccardo Patrese's 3rd placed Benetton at the end, having benefited from the retirements of Ayrton Senna, Martin Brundle and Damon Hill . Zanardi scored one 6th place at the 1993 Brazilian Grand Prix , the last race with both Lotus cars in the points. Debts were mounting and the team was unable to develop the Lotus 107. For the 1994 season , the team gambled on success with Mugen Honda engines. Herbert and Lamy struggled on with
3782-644: Was replaced as team manager by Rupert Manwaring, while long time Lotus senior executive Tony Rudd was brought in as chairman. The best results for the team in 1989 was 4th places for Piquet in the British , Canadian and Japanese races, and 4th place and fastest lap for Nakajima in Australia . At the end of the season Piquet left for Benetton , and Nakajima moved to Tyrrell . A deal was organized for Lamborghini V12 engines and Derek Warwick and Martin Donnelly were hired to drive for 1990. The Dernie design
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#17327810063603844-559: Was when the H16 engine arrived at the Team Lotus factory in Hethel , Norfolk and it required four men to lift it from the truck. The engine proved to be overweight, unreliable and was unable to produce the promised power. Engine problems aside, the 43 chassis was an excellent design and elements of it were used in its 1967 successor, the far more successful Lotus 49 , including the use of
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