29-513: The Horniman Circle Gardens is a large park in South Mumbai , Maharashtra , India , which encompasses an area of 1.01 hectares (2.5 acres). It is situated in the Fort district of Mumbai , and is surrounded by office complexes housing the country's premier banks. Designed to be a large open space with grand buildings in the middle of the walled city, the area had been known as Bombay Green in
58-479: A sex ratio of 832 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 89.21%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 7.13% and 0.81% of the population respectively. Hinduism is the largest religion. Islam is the second-largest religion, Jainism is practiced by Gujaratis, while Buddhism is found among the Marathis. Mumbai also has the largest population of Parsis in the world, although their population
87-530: A misconception, the statue was worshiped by the poor, and the laborers, a practice which the government would try to stop. The statue would later be removed, and were found to be inside the Elphinstone Circle, along with a statue of Marquis Wellesley (which formerly located close to the former Churchgate) in 1895. Both the statues presently lie in the premises outside Bhau Daji Lad Museum . The Police Commissioner, Charles Forjett, thought of converting
116-575: A sort of golden quadrilateral and includes some of the most expensive residential areas in the world, such as the Hanging Gardens , Kemps Corner, Cuffe Parade and Malabar Hill . South Mumbai is home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites : Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus and the city's distinctive ensemble of Victorian and Art Deco buildings . South Mumbai boasts a large number of Art Deco buildings, second only to Miami . South Mumbai's architecture also comprises historical monuments from
145-535: A swamp during monsoon, and a 'receptacle' of rocks in 'fine weather'. The Green was very popular among the residents of Bombay. It was said that no part within the walls of the fort was so jealously guarded as the Green. A report from 11 April 1852 affirms this; A petition was sent by the residents of the city to the Court of Directors at London, against the erection of any building on Bombay Green. A copy of this petition
174-511: Is Mumbai Island - the area on its southernmost tip is called South Mumbai. Mumbai Suburban district consists the Western, Eastern, Central and Northern parts of the city. The northernmost portion of the island - outside Mumbai city limits - lies in Thane district . Old Bombay was used to refer to the area which was formed by the merging of the seven original islands of Mumbai , India. The term
203-475: Is fast dwindling. Languages in Mumbai City district (2011) Marathi is the official and most spoken language of the district. However being one of the largest cities in the country, Mumbai has attracted speakers of a large number of languages. Other languages with significant number of speakers in the district include Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati, and Tamil. At the time of the 2011 Census of India , 35.96% of
232-607: Is located at the beginning of a 3.6 km esplanade known as the Marine Drive which is a popular hangout spot among the citizens. Another popular esplanade in South Mumbai is the Worli Seaface. South Mumbai has popular art galleries and museums like Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya , Jehangir Art Gallery , Nehru Centre Art Gallery. Sobo Films, an independent film producer, has been named after
261-501: The 2011 census Mumbai City district has a population of 3,085,411, roughly equal to the nation of Mongolia or the US state of Iowa . This gives it a ranking of 115th in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 19,652 inhabitants per square kilometre (50,900/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was -7.57%. Mumbai City has
290-682: The Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373 and on the accession of a Catholic monarch in 1660, in 1661 the island of Mumbai was given to the British as part of a Royal Dowry , on the occasion of the marriage of King Charles II of England with the Portuguese Princess Infanta Catherine of Braganza . The island of Mumbai, was then to remain part of British Raj until 15 August 1947, when it became an autonomous dominion . Initially, Charles II entrusted
319-905: The Bombay Gymkhana ; and hospitals such as Breach Candy Hospital , Bombay Hospital , Jaslok Hospital , and Hurkisondas Hospital . South Mumbai hosts the Reserve Bank of India , the Bombay Stock Exchange and, one of the oldest YMCA buildings. Its primary business districts are the Fort , Nariman Point , Ballard Estate , and more recently Lower Parel , Mumbai Central. Many leading Indian and multi-national companies are headquartered here. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) and Churchgate serve as headquarters and starting point for country's Central Railway and Western Railway lines respectively. The headquarters of
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#1732790761032348-474: The Bombay Harbour are some of the most iconic landmarks of South Bombay. Billionaire Mukesh Ambani 's $ 1.5 billion home Antilia is located here and is now a part of the iconic skyline. Most residents of South Mumbai belong to old money business, law, trade, and fashion families. Geographically, South Mumbai lies at the southernmost extent of Mumbai Island. Most city residents use the term to refer to
377-810: The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation , the governing civic body of Greater Mumbai is located in South Mumbai. The Bombay High Court is also in South Mumbai. The terrorist attacks of 2008 included many prominent South Mumbai locations including the Taj Mahal Palace Hotel in Colaba, Leopold Cafe and Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus . The area houses a significant proportion of prime upmarket residential neighbourhoods of Mumbai including: Pedder Road , Nepean Sea Road , Kemps Corner , Altamount Road , Carmichael Road , Breach Candy and Walkeshwar Road , forming
406-929: The Town Hall , and the Churchgate Street. The Asiatic Society of Mumbai building (Town Hall) overlooks the Horniman Circle Gardens and the Reserve Bank of India. Close by, in Nariman Street is St. Thomas Cathedral , the first Anglican church in Mumbai, completed in 1718. Horniman Circle hosts the annual Sufi and mystic music festival, Ruhaniyat . It is also one of the venues of the Kala Ghoda Arts Festival when several music and dance concerts are held at
435-675: The Willingdon Sports Club , the Turf Club at Mahalaxmi Racecourse , the Bombay Gymkhana , the Breach Candy Club, the N.S.C.I., and the Malabar Hill Club (Formerly W.I.A.A. Club). The Cricket Club of India (CCI) and Mumbai Cricket Association (MCA) are located at Mumbai's two cricket stadiums, namely Brabourne Stadium and Wankhede Stadium respectively. Although land reclamation has allowed
464-523: The 18th century, later Elphinstone Circle. Following India's independence in 1947, the area was renamed in honour of Benjamin Horniman , editor of The Bombay Chronicle newspaper, who supported Indian independence. The Horniman Circle was preceded by a vast circular expanse of land, called the Bombay Green. In 1842, the area had been just a dump of coconut shells and debris. It was described as
493-419: The Green into a circle surrounded by buildings. He was supported by governors Lord Elphinstone and Sir Bartle Frère . The garden was planned in 1869 and completed in 1872 with well laid out walkways and trees planted all around. An ornamental fountain was placed in the centre, but it was replaced by a modern art deco iron pipes design. The new circle was created North of the previous Bombay Green, aligned with
522-989: The administration of Mumbai to the East India Company . By a Royal Charter under the Regulation XIX of 1827, passed by the British Government, the Collector of Mumbai was made the Chief Controlling Authority of the Revenue Administration of Mumbai. The Collector of Mumbai enjoyed vast authority under the Mumbai Land Revenue Act 1876 which was repealed by the Maharashtra Land Revenue Code 1966. According to
551-687: The area but is itself based in Andheri in the west . South Mumbai has become less congested with the creation of the Bandra Worli Sea Link . Auto rickshaws are strictly banned here. This facilitates quicker transport between people residing in the suburbs and the corporate offices in South Mumbai. Traffic is a major concern in most parts. The city of Mumbai lies on two different islands, Mumbai Island and Salsette Island . Administratively it has two official divisions: Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district . Mumbai City district
580-436: The centre of it was a statue of Governor General Lord Cornwallis , enclosed in a structure resembling a temple, which was installed through the effort of Bombay's residents, in 1822. It cost £5000. On its right and left were situated statues of Wisdom and Integrity. It was being put up on 14 October 1824. A small courtyard surrounded it, and trees were planted along all its four sides. It was fenced by heavy metal chains. Owing to
609-428: The city's old and formerly main business localities, making it the wealthiest urban precinct in India. Property prices in South Mumbai are by far the highest in India and among the highest in the world. In terms of Maharashtra Legislative Assembly, the precinct consists of the constituencies of Colaba , Mumbadevi, Malabar Hill and Byculla. Taj Mahal Hotel , Gateway of India , Victoria Terminus , Ballard Estate , and
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#1732790761032638-471: The colonial era which attract tourists throughout the year. South Mumbai has many educational institutions such as Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies , St. Xavier's College , Government Law College , Jai Hind College , Wilson College , Grant Medical College , Sydenham Institute of Management Studies, Research and Entrepreneurship Education , among others. Many distinctive sporting clubs have been an integral part of South Mumbai landscape like
667-424: The metropolis of Mumbai . This area is called the "Island City" or South Mumbai or Old Mumbai. It extends from Colaba in the south to Mahim and Sion in the north. The city has an area of 157 km (61 sq mi) and a population of 3,085,411. The city of Mumbai came in light in the year 150 CE through the geographical work of renowned geographer, Ptolemy . The city, consisting of several islands,
696-620: The park. 18°55′55″N 72°50′6″E / 18.93194°N 72.83500°E / 18.93194; 72.83500 South Mumbai South Mumbai , colloquially SoBo from South Bombay in Indian English , administratively the Mumbai City District , is the city centre and the southernmost precinct of Greater Bombay . It extends from Colaba to Mahalaxmi (Western side), Byculla (Central Side) and Mazgaon (Harbour Side) neighbourhoods, and comprises
725-544: The southernmost tip of the district to double in size since the 1970s, the business districts face an acute shortage of real estate. As a result, the real-estate prices are among the top ten worldwide. As a ratio to average per capita income, real-estate prices in the business districts remain the most expensive in the world. South Mumbai is also home to such sporting grounds as Brabourne Stadium, Wankhede Stadium, Shivaji Park , Azad Maidan , Oval Maidan , and Cooperage Ground . Mumbai's most popular beach, Girgaon Chowpatty
754-567: The stretch extending from Colaba to Tardeo and Byculla as South Mumbai. The area is delimited on the east by Mumbai harbour and on the west by the Arabian Sea . South Mumbai is also home to many educational institutions; namely Mumbai University's Fort Campus , Cathedral and John Connon School , St. Anne's High School, Fort, JB Petit , Campion , Bombay International School, Gamdevi, St. Mary's School, Mumbai , etc.; exclusive sports clubs: CCI , The Willingdon Sports Club , as well as
783-403: Was sent to "every firm or individual that knew Bombay". James Douglas, in his book Bombay And Western India ,1893 writes about the scene at night: Palkhees , would be spread wide over the green, and 'hamals' would sing their 'see-saw' songs in a joyous night. The vast expanse of land would be referred to as 'Chowk' by the natives, probably due to its central location in the fort township. At
812-581: Was then ruled by native Agris and Kolis . These natives ruled the islands up to 1345. Thereafter, Mumbai's rulers changed through history until Islamic rulers conquered what is now Maharashtra and conquered some of the islands in 1534. Subsequently, sultan of Gujarat took over all the islands, which were then conquered by the Portuguese. Following the continued support of England in the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance , stemming from
841-572: Was used from the 19th century until the 1980s and is now considered archaic, however still widely used. 18°58′N 72°49′E / 18.96°N 72.82°E / 18.96; 72.82 Mumbai City District Mumbai City district is a district of Maharashtra in Konkan Division , India. As a city district, it has no headquarters or subdivisions. It, along with the Mumbai Suburban District , makes up
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