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26-463: Colaba ( [koˈlaːbaː] ; or ISO : Kolābā) is a part of the city of Mumbai , India. It is one of the four peninsulas of Mumbai while the other three are Worli , Bandra and Malabar Hill . During Portuguese rule in the 16th century, the island was known as Kolbhat. After the British took over the island in the late 17th century, it was known as Kolio. The name Colaba comes from Kolabhat ,

52-673: A goods station. The station was built, but permission was provided only to erect only a semi-permanent structure mainly out of timber, this too on the condition that the 'railway'(line) would be shifted to some other location between Colaba and Marine Lines, if any further reclamation scheme required it. This came into effect later, in 1930. As the passenger traffic grew, the station became cramped. Standing trains could only be accommodated at Grant rd, and it became necessary for three daily main line passenger trains to be taken back between Grant Rd and Colaba line, empty. To add to it, light engines had to move between Parel and Colaba continuously (since

78-469: A government referred committee stated that this wasn't a 'satisfactory' arrangement, since it would be objected by people for using the limited area for recreation. Instead, it was recommended that expanding the station was the only permanent solution, and a block of land was provided to the railway between the Wodehouse Bridge road and Lower Colaba road. A new station was built on the site, and

104-489: A new Colaba Station was opened on 7th April 1896. The new station consisted of a stone facade and a carriage porch at the South, a tower with a pitch tiled roof was located at its southwest corner. The station had three platforms, all about 500 ft long. During a period of several remodeling schemes throughout the suburban line, Colaba also received attention. The signalling and yard arrangements were found inadequate, and finally

130-535: A scheme was approved for the same in 1920. In 1920s, when the Backbay Reclamation project was under progress, the government ordered that the section between Churchgate and Colaba be relinquished, to allow unrestricted access. Hence, a new terminus had to be built before this. A new Terminus was built at Bombay Central , and opened on 18th December 1930. Colaba Terminus ceased to exist after 31 December 1930. The last local ran from Colaba that day to

156-646: A word in the language of Kolis , the indigenous inhabitants of the islands, before the arrival of the Portuguese. The area that is now Colaba was originally a region consisting of two islands: Colaba and Little Colaba (or Old Woman's Island ). The island of Colaba was one of the Seven Islands of Mumbai ruled by the Portuguese . The Portuguese had acquired these lands from the Sultanate of Cambay by

182-458: Is known in Mumbai, offers everything from bracelets to perfumes to clothes to watches, clocks, DVDs and CDs. It has an old English charm and a very modern feel as well. Colaba is also the art center of Mumbai, with all the major galleries and museums located in and around this area. Even today, in 2020, the government has managed to preserve most of its colonial-era architectures. Colaba is home to

208-539: Is no standard keyboard layout for ISO 15919 input but many systems provide a way to select Unicode characters visually. ISO/IEC 14755 refers to this as a screen-selection entry method . Colaba railway station Colaba Railway Station was a railway station on the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway (BB&CI) located in Colaba in then South Bombay (now South Mumbai .) The original BB&CI terminus

234-575: The Cooperage Football Ground . Nearest railway stations: On 26 November 2008, terrorist strikes occurred at various places in and near Colaba, notably the Taj Mahal Palace & Tower , Leopold Café , Marine Drive and Mumbai Chabad House . The attacks resulted in over 100 deaths and significant damages. ISO 15919 ISO 15919 is an international standard on the romanization of many Brahmic scripts , which

260-592: The Treaty of Vasai (1534) . The group of islands was given by Portugal to Charles II of England as a dowry when he married Catherine of Braganza in 1661. The cession of Mumbai and dependencies was strongly resented by Portuguese officials in Goa and Mumbai, who resisted transfer of possession for several years, while the English representatives were confined to the island of Anjediva while negotiations continued. Angered by

286-452: The art deco style Regal Theatre, the cafes ( Café Mondegar , Cafe Royal and Leopold Cafe ), and the Taj Mahal Palace & Tower , Royal Bombay Yacht Club , Bademiya Restaurant and Bagdadi restaurant, as well as a number of modern pubs, restaurants and clubs all add to the atmosphere. The southern tip is occupied by a military cantonment, including the large Navy Nagar layout built on reclaimed land known as Holiday Camp. The older parts of

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312-401: The transliteration of Sanskrit rather than the transcription of Brahmic scripts. As a notable difference, both international standards, ISO 15919 and UNRSGN transliterate anusvara as ṁ , while ALA-LC and IAST use ṃ for it. However, ISO 15919 provides guidance towards disambiguating between various anusvara situations (such as labial versus dental nasalizations), which is described in

338-649: The 19th century. The construction of the Afghan Church after the First Afghan War of 1838) began in 1847. The Church was consecrated in 1858, with the work on the steeple being concluded in 1865. The horse-drawn tram-cars were introduced in 1873 by Stearns and Kitteredge , who had their offices on the west side of the Causeway, where the Electric House now stands. The Prong's lighthouse

364-468: The Propaganda Fide party. In 1743, British Colaba was leased to Richard Broughton at Rs. 200 yearly, and the lease was renewed in 1764. By 1796, Colaba had become a cantonment. Colaba was known for the variety of fishes – the bombil ( Bombay duck ), rawas , halwa , turtles, crabs, prawns and lobsters. A Colaba Observatory , a meteorological observatory was established in 1826 in

390-561: The back-tracking, Charles II leased these lands to the British East India Company for a nominal annual rent. Gerald Aungier , second Governor (1672), and the president of the English settlement of Surat , took possession of Colaba and Old Woman's Island on behalf of the Company in 1675. Portugal continued to hold Little Colaba island for several decades more before ceding it to the English in about 1762, subject to

416-530: The cantonment retains its large, wooded spaces and is the only bit of green left in this otherwise congested area. In the midst of Navy Nagar lies the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), one of India's leading scientific institutions. Colaba is renowned for high-end boutiques and imitation consumer goods, and is popular with tourists. Notable residents include Ratan Tata , Anil Ambani , and Ravi Shastri . Colaba Causeway, or just "Causeway" as it

442-601: The line between Churchgate and Colaba was closed and removed. By 1864, the BB&;CI Railway established foothold in the city, with its terminus at Grant Rd. The line was then extended to the Bombay Backbay station by 1866, and started its regular local service to Viraur the following year. In the year 1872, the railway obtained permission from the Bombay Government to extend the line to Colaba, and build

468-529: The part that was called Upper Colaba. The Colaba Causeway was completed in 1838, and thus, the remaining two islands were joined to the others. Gradually, Colaba became a commercial center, after the Cotton Exchange was opened at Cotton Green in 1844. The real estate prices in the area went up. The Colaba Causeway was widened in 1861 and 1863. Colaba became a separate municipality ward in 1872. The Sick Bungalows (now known as INHS Asvini) were built in

494-867: The retention of Portuguese ownership of a house on the island, that is now the Blessed Sacrament Chapel in Middle Colaba. This was leased by the Portuguese Government of Goa to the Bishop of Damao , the head of the Padroado party in Mumbai, as his residence. After an attempt by the Propaganda Fide party to seize the chapel, a court ruled that the house remained the property of the Government of Portugal and evicted

520-411: The shed was at Parel), hence affecting traffic. Also, often mainline trains had to be shunted off to provide space for Suburban trains, notably even before the passengers of the former could take their luggage out. Thoughts were that this problem could be tackled by the provision of an additional siding at Marine Lines railway station , and making the station a terminus for long distance trains. In 1888,

546-643: The table below. The table below shows the differences between ISO 15919, UNRSGN and IAST for Devanagari transliteration. Only certain fonts support all Latin Unicode characters for the transliteration of Indic scripts according to this standard. For example, Tahoma supports almost all the characters needed. Arial and Times New Roman font packages that come with Microsoft Office 2007 and later also support most Latin Extended Additional characters like ḍ, ḥ, ḷ, ḻ, ṁ, ṅ, ṇ, ṛ, ṣ and ṭ. There

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572-484: The western shore of Colaba. Eminent citizens of Mumbai, such as Sir Pherozeshah Mehta , opposed the work, fearing that the reclamation would depress prices of land. However, the reclamation work continued and was completed in 1905. There was no fall in the land prices. In 1906, a seafront road with a raised sea-side promenade was completed, and named as " Cuffe Parade " after T. W. Cuffe of the Trust. The Gateway of India ,

598-613: Was agreed upon in 2001 by a network of the national standards institutes of 157 countries. However, the Hunterian transliteration system is the "national system of romanization in India " and a United Nations expert group noted about ISO 15919 that "there is no evidence of the use of the system either in India or in international cartographic products." Another standard, United Nations Romanization Systems for Geographical Names (UNRSGN),

624-454: Was at Grant Road . This was subsequently extended to Churchgate in 1870 and to Colaba, at the southern tip of the island, in 1873. However, by the 1920s, the Government of Bombay ordered the Railway to hand over the section between Churchgate and Colaba to facilitate the development of Backbay Reclamation project, now Nariman Point . After the new Bombay Central station was opened in 1930,

650-539: Was constructed at the southern tip of the island in 1875. The eponymous Sassoon Docks were built by David Solomon Sassoon on reclaimed land in the same year. The BB&CI Railways established the Colaba railway station or terminus , the site of which is now occupied by the Badhwar Park layout. The development of Colaba pushed the native kolis to the edges of the island. The Mumbai City Improvement Trust reclaimed around 90,000 square yards (75,000 m) on

676-666: Was developed by the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN) and covers many Brahmic scripts. The ALA-LC romanization was approved by the Library of Congress and the American Library Association and is a US standard. The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (IAST) is not a standard (as no specification exists for it) but a convention developed in Europe for

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