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22-946: Hoshina (written: 保科 ) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include: Hoshina Chikanori ( 保科 近野里 , 1830–1903) , adopted name of Saigō Tanomo Hoshina Masaari ( 保科 正益 , 1833–1888) , Japanese daimyō Hoshina Masakage ( 保科 正景 , 1616–1700) , Japanese daimyō Hoshina Masamitsu ( 保科 正光 , 1561–1631) , Japanese daimyō Hoshina Masanao ( 保科 正直 , 1542–1601) , Japanese daimyō Hoshina Masasada ( 保科 正貞 , 1588–1661) , Japanese daimyō Hoshina Masatoshi ( 保科 正俊 , 1509–1593) , Japanese samurai Hoshina Masatsune ( 保科 正経 , 1647–1681) , Japanese daimyō Hoshina Masayuki ( 保科 正之 , 1611–1673) , Japanese daimyō Tomohiko Hoshina ( 智彦 保科 , born 1987) , Filipino-Japanese judoka Zenshiro Hoshina ( 保科善四郎 , 1891–1991 ) , Japanese naval officer Fictional characters [ edit ] Utau Hoshina ( ほしな 歌唄 ) ,

44-712: A Japanese clan All pages with titles beginning with Hoshina All pages with titles containing Hoshina [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Hoshina . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hoshina&oldid=1212295549 " Categories : Surnames Japanese-language surnames Hidden categories: Use dmy dates from March 2024 Articles containing Japanese-language text Articles with short description Short description

66-498: A character in the 2007 manga series Shugo Chara! Kazuomi Hoshina, Utua's stepfather Hikaru Hoshina ( 星奈ひかる ) (a.k.a Cure Star ), the protagonist of the 2019 anime series Star Twinkle PreCure Terumi and Youichi Hoshina, Hikaru's parents Harukichi and Youko Hoshina, Hikaru's grandparents Hoshina ( ホシイナー ) , a species of monsters in the 2008 anime series Yes! PreCure 5 GoGo! See also [ edit ] Hoshina clan ( 保科氏 , Hoshina-shi ) ,

88-508: A new class, the sengoku-daimyō , who arose from the ranks of the shugodai and jizamurai . Among the sengoku daimyō ( 戦国大名 ) were many who had been shugo-daimyō , such as the Satake , Imagawa , Takeda , Toki , Rokkaku , Ōuchi , and Shimazu . New to the ranks of the daimyo were the Asakura , Amago , Nagao , Miyoshi , Chōsokabe , Hatano, and Oda . These came from the ranks of

110-474: A practice called sankin-kōtai . In 1869, the year after the Meiji Restoration, the daimyo, together with the kuge, formed a new aristocracy, the kazoku . In 1871, the han were abolished , and prefectures were established. In this year, around 200 daimyo returned their titles to the emperor, who consolidated their han into 75 prefectures. Their military forces were also demobilized, with

132-399: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Saig%C5%8D Tanomo Succeeding to family headship and the position of chief senior councilor in 1860, he served the 9th generation Aizu daimyō , Matsudaira Katamori . However, with Katamori's selection for the post of Kyoto Shugoshoku in 1862, his views sharply diverged with those of his lord. Wanting to warn Katamori of

154-612: The Ezo Republic , but was defeated together with its forces in 1869. After spending a few years in prison, Tanomo was released in 1872, and subsequently opened up a private academy in the Izu region . In 1889, he was chosen as one of the head priests of Tōshō-gū Shrine in Nikkō , where he served alongside his former lord Matsudaira Katamori , and Katamori's brother Matsudaira Sadaaki . In his later years, Tanomo also taught Takeda Sōkaku ,

176-529: The Meiji Restoration , with the adoption of the prefecture system in 1871. The shugo daimyō ( 守護大名 ) were the first group of men to hold the title daimyō . They arose from among the shugo during the Muromachi period (approximately 1336–1573). The shugo-daimyo held not only military and police powers, but also economic power within a province . They accumulated these powers throughout

198-858: The Mori of Chōshū , the Shimazu of Satsuma , the Date of Sendai , the Uesugi of Yonezawa , and the Hachisuka of Awa . Initially, the Tokugawa regarded them as potentially rebellious, but for most of the Edo period, control policies such as sankin-kōtai , resulted in peaceful relations. Daimyo were required to maintain residences in Edo as well as their fiefs, and to move periodically between Edo and their fiefs, typically spending alternate years in each place, in

220-757: The Sengoku period to the daimyo of the Edo period , the rank had a long and varied history. The backgrounds of daimyo also varied considerably; while some daimyo clans, notably the Mōri , Shimazu and Hosokawa , were cadet branches of the Imperial family or were descended from the kuge , other daimyo were promoted from the ranks of the samurai , notably during the Edo period. Daimyo often hired samurai to guard their land, and paid them in land or food, as relatively few could afford to pay them in money. The daimyo era ended soon after

242-646: The shugodai and their deputies. Additional sengoku-daimyō such as the Mōri , Tamura , and Ryūzōji arose from the jizamurai . The lower officials of the shogunate and rōnin ( Late Hōjō , Saitō ), provincial officials (Kitabatake), and kuge (Tosa Ichijō) also gave rise to sengoku-daimyo . The Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 marked the beginning of the Edo period . Shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu reorganized roughly 200 daimyo and their territories into han , which were assessed by rice production. Those heading han assessed at 10,000 koku (50,000 bushels) or more were considered daimyo. Ieyasu also categorized

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264-413: The 10th century to the early Meiji period in the middle 19th century, ruled most of Japan from their vast hereditary land holdings. They were subordinate to the shogun and nominally to the emperor and the kuge (an aristocratic class). In the term, dai ( 大 ) means 'large', and myō stands for myōden ( 名田 ) , meaning 'private land'. From the shugo of the Muromachi period through

286-516: The Edo shogunate, some rising to the position of rōjū . The fact that fudai daimyo could hold government positions, while tozama in general could not, was a main difference between the two. Tozama daimyō held mostly large fiefs far away from the capital, with e.g. the Kaga han of Ishikawa Prefecture , headed by the Maeda clan , assessed at 1,000,000 koku . Other famous tozama clans included

308-595: The daimyo according to their relation to the ruling Tokugawa family: the shinpan were related to the Tokugawa; the fudai had been vassals of the Tokugawa or allies in battle; and the tozama had not allied with the Tokugawa before the Battle of Sekigahara (did not necessarily fight against the Tokugawa). The shinpan were collaterals of Ieyasu, such as the Matsudaira , or descendants of Ieyasu other than in

330-769: The daimyo and their samurai followers pensioned into retirement. The move to abolish the feudal domains effectively ended the daimyo era in Japan. This was effectively carried out through the financial collapse of the feudal-domain governments, hampering their capability for resistance. In the wake of the changes, many daimyo remained in control of their lands, being appointed as prefectural governors ; however, they were soon relieved of this duty and called en masse to Tokyo, thereby cutting off any independent base of power from which to potentially rebel. Despite this, members of former daimyo families remained prominent in government and society, and in some cases continue to remain prominent to

352-518: The dangers of Aizu's deeper political involvement in the troubled Tokugawa regime , he and his fellow karō Tanaka Tosa rode nonstop from Aizu to Edo and spoke directly to Katamori. The lord, while understanding Tanomo's views as well as the domain's financial situation, nevertheless could not disobey what was both a direct shogunal order as well as part of the greater scheme put together by his colleagues ( Hitotsubashi Yoshinobu and Matsudaira Yoshinaga ), and so he dismissed Tanomo. Tanomo thus spent

374-716: The first decades of the Muromachi period. Major shugo-daimyō came from the Shiba , Hatakeyama , and Hosokawa clans , as well as the tozama clans of Yamana , Ōuchi , Takeda and Akamatsu . The greatest ruled multiple provinces. The Ashikaga shogunate required the shugo-daimyō to reside in Kyoto , so they appointed relatives or retainers, called shugodai , to represent them in their home provinces. Eventually, some of these in turn came to reside in Kyoto, appointing deputies in

396-553: The following six years in Aizu, informally dismissed from his position. In 1868, with the rout at the Battle of Toba–Fushimi , and with Katamori back in Aizu for the first time in years, Tanomo's services were again called upon. While he recommended submission to the Imperial Army early in 1868, the arrival in Aizu of former Bakufu soldiers forced Aizu's hand in the direction of continued military action. Once again, Tanomo's voice

418-548: The main line of succession. Several shinpan , including the Tokugawa of Owari ( Nagoya ), Kii ( Wakayama ), and Mito , as well as the Matsudaira of Fukui and Aizu , held large han . A few fudai daimyō , such as the Ii of Hikone , held large han, but many were small. The shogunate placed many fudai at strategic locations to guard the trade routes and the approaches to Edo . Also, many fudai daimyo took positions in

440-609: The provinces. The Ōnin War was a major uprising in which shugo-daimyō fought each other. During this and other wars of the time, kuni ikki , or provincial uprisings, took place as locally powerful warriors sought independence from the shugo-daimyo . The deputies of the shugo-daimyō , living in the provinces, seized the opportunity to strengthen their position. At the end of the fifteenth century, those shugo-daimyō who succeeded remained in power. Those who had failed to exert control over their deputies fell from power and were replaced by

462-411: The teacher of Ueshiba Morihei . Retiring in 1899, Tanomo returned to Aizu, where he died in 1903 at the age of 72. The book Seiun-ki (栖雲記, "A Record of Cobweb-clouds"), written shortly before Tanomo's death, records his memoirs. Daimy%C5%8D Daimyo ( 大名 , daimyō , Japanese pronunciation: [daimʲoː] ) were powerful Japanese magnates , feudal lords who, from

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484-409: Was drowned out. During the Battle of Aizu , Tanomo fought in defense of the castle town of Aizu-Wakamatsu , the women of Tanomo's family are still famous in the region for having committed mass suicide. Just before the surrender, Tanomo escaped Aizu and headed for Sendai . Joining Enomoto Takeaki and Hijikata Toshizō there, he continued on to Hokkaidō , where he joined in the military efforts of

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