58-724: The Hackney School was a private secondary school in Chapel Hill, North Carolina . It served as secondary education for black students until merging with the Quaker Freedman School to form the Orange County Training School . The Hackney School, also known as Hackney’s Educational and Industrial School, Hackney High School, or “Hack’s High” was established in Chapel Hill, North Carolina in 1913. Its namesake, Louis H. Hackney served as
116-571: A Baptist pastor for much of his life, presiding over many congregations in the Chapel Hill area. These included: New Hope Ministry Baptist Church, Mt. Zion Baptist Church, and First Baptist Church (formerly known as White Rock Baptist Church). Reverend Dr. Hackney's experience in education began as principal of the Quaker Freedmen School between 1898 and 1912. After starting the Hackney school and serving as its principal and one of
174-576: A baccalaureate degree or higher. Chapel Hill uses a council–manager form of government. The community elects a mayor and eight council members. Mayors serve two-year terms, and council members serve staggered four-year terms, all elected by the town at large; town elections are held in November of odd-numbered years. Mayor Jessica Anderson , a former council member, succeeded four-term mayor Pam Hemminger in 2023. In 2015, Hemminger defeated incumbent Mark Kleinschmidt , who had been elected in 2009 as
232-429: A domestic worker . At the age of twelve, she had a live-in job at Chapel Hill. She earned a dollar a month, that her mother saved up to buy her first guitar. The guitar, a Sears and Roebuck brand instrument, cost $ 3.75 (equivalent to $ 127 in 2023). Although self-taught, she became proficient at playing the instrument, and her repertoire included a large number of rags and dance tunes. By her early teens, she
290-586: A house in Syracuse, New York . She was also able to continue touring and releasing records well into her 80s. In 1984, she won the Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Recording, for the album Elizabeth Cotten Live , released by Arhoolie Records . When accepting the award in Los Angeles, her comment was, "Thank you. I only wish I had my guitar so I could play a song for you all." In 1989, Cotten
348-529: A maid along with her mother. On November 7, 1910, at the age of 17, she married Frank Cotten. The couple had a daughter, Lillie, and soon after Elizabeth gave up guitar playing for family and church . Elizabeth, Frank and their daughter Lillie moved around the eastern United States for a number of years, between North Carolina , New York City, and Washington, D.C., finally settling in the D.C. area. When Lillie married, Elizabeth divorced Frank and moved in with her daughter and her family. Cotten retired from playing
406-794: A piece of land just south of the Quaker School , and west of Merritt Mill Road, from the Bane family. This was where the Hackney School was built. The school served as a private institution for black children who were previously not able to attend school past the seventh grade. In its early years, the school housed over 200 students. Rev. Dr. Louis H. Hackney was born in 1858 in Chatham County , and died on December 19, 1937, in Chapel Hill. He married his wife Lara A. Edwards on October 21, 1876, and they had two children. Hackney served as
464-425: A record created with her grandchildren, which took its name from one of her songs, "Shake Sugaree". The song featured 12-year-old Brenda Joyce Evans, Cotten's great-grandchild, and future Undisputed Truth singer. Using profits from her touring, record releases and awards given to her for her own contributions to the folk arts, Cotten was able to move with her daughter and grandchildren from Washington, D.C., and buy
522-403: A son of Charles from a previous marriage), she remembered her own guitar playing from 40 years prior and picked up the instrument again and relearned to play it, almost from scratch. In the later half of the 1950s, Mike Seeger began making bedroom reel-to-reel recordings of Cotten's songs in her house. These recordings later became the album Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar , which
580-573: A song she wrote in her early teens. In 1984, her live album Elizabeth Cotten Live! , won her a Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording , at the age of 90. That same year, Cotten was recognized as a National Heritage Fellow by the National Endowment for the Arts . In 2022, she was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame , as an early influence. Cotten
638-655: A tracking web site. Buses can transport bicycles and have wheelchair lifts. In 1993, the town celebrated its bicentennial and founded the Chapel Hill Museum . This cultural community resource "exhibiting the character and characters of Chapel Hill, North Carolina" includes among its permanent exhibits Alexander Julian , History of the Chapel Hill Fire Department , Chapel Hill's 1914 Fire Truck , The James Taylor Story , Farmer/James Pottery , and The Paul Green Legacy . In addition to
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#1732797310130696-567: A traditional-style mall with a mix of national and local retailers is located at University Place . Hailed as one of America's Foodiest Small Towns by Bon Appétit , Chapel Hill is rapidly becoming a hot spot for pop American cuisine. Among the restaurants noted nationally are Mama Dip's ( Food Network 's $ 40 A Day With Rachael Ray ), Sunrise Biscuit Kitchen ( The Splendid Table ), caffè Driade (Food Network's $ 40 A Day With Rachael Ray ), Lantern Restaurant ( Food & Wine , Southern Living , etc.), and Vimala's Curryblossom Cafe. In
754-488: Is located in the southeast corner of Orange County , with a small part extending east into Durham County . It is bounded on the west by the town of Carrboro and on the northeast by the city of Durham. However, most of Chapel Hill's borders are adjacent to unincorporated portions of Orange and Durham Counties rather than shared with another municipality. According to the United States Census Bureau ,
812-793: Is named after the town. The University of North Carolina has been very successful at college basketball and women's soccer , and a passion for these sports has been a distinctive feature of the town's culture, fueled by the Tobacco Road rivalry among North Carolina's four ACC teams: the North Carolina Tar Heels , the Duke Blue Devils , the NC State Wolfpack , and the Wake Forest Demon Deacons . The two largest sports venues in
870-698: Is the flagship of the University of North Carolina System . The state's main youth orchestra, Piedmont Youth Orchestra , is based in Chapel Hill. Also located in the town is the Chapel Hill Public Library, directed by Atlas Logan. Though Chapel Hill is a principal town of a large metropolitan area, it retains a relatively small-town feel. Combined with its close neighbor, the Chapel Hill-Carrboro area has roughly 85,000 residents. Many large murals can be seen painted on
928-715: The NC General Assembly to serve the University of North Carolina and developed around it. The town was chartered in 1851, and its main street, Franklin Street, was named in memory of Benjamin Franklin . Four in ten Chapel Hillians were enslaved at the start of the Civil War , and about half of the town was Black. In April 1865, as the war ended, the 9th Michigan Cavalry rode into Chapel Hill and occupied
986-551: The median income for a household in the town was $ 51,690, and for a family was $ 91,049. Males had a median income of $ 50,258 versus $ 32,917 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 35,796. About 8.6% of families and 19.8% of the population were below the poverty line , including 8.6% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over. Chapel Hill is North Carolina's best-educated municipality, proportionately, with 77% of adult residents (25 and older) holding an associate degree or higher, and 73% of adults possessing
1044-677: The 1930s, depicted Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom and protector of cities. Having gone through several revisions, the seal, which also serves as the town logo, was most recently updated in 2005 to a visually simpler version. Chapel Hill-Carrboro City Schools covers most of the towns of Chapel Hill and Carrboro , along with portions of unincorporated Orange County, and is recognized for its academic strengths. East Chapel Hill High School , Carrboro High School , and Chapel Hill High School have all received national recognition for excellence, with Newsweek in 2008 ranking East Chapel Hill High as
1102-530: The 88th-best high school in the nation, and the highest-ranked standard public high school in North Carolina. The small portion of Chapel Hill located in Durham County is part of Durham Public Schools . There are several private K-12 schools in Chapel Hill, including Emerson Waldorf School . Founded in 1789, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is a public research university and
1160-757: The Ayr Mountaineers, Hollow Rock String band, Watchhouse (formerly known as Mandolin Orange) , Steep Canyon Rangers , Mipso , the Tug Creek Ramblers, Two Dollar Pistols , the Fuzzy Mountain String band, Big Fat Gap and the Red Clay Ramblers . Chapel Hill was also the founding home of now Durham-based Merge Records . Bruce Springsteen has made a point to visit the town on four occasions. His most recent appearance
1218-717: The Carolina Inn, the Beta Theta Pi Fraternity House , Chapel Hill Historic District , Chapel Hill Town Hall , Chapel of the Cross , Gimghoul Neighborhood Historic District , Alexander Hogan Plantation , Old Chapel Hill Cemetery , Old East, University of North Carolina , Playmakers Theatre , Rocky Ridge Farm Historic District , and West Chapel Hill Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Chapel Hill
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#17327973101301276-566: The Hackney School, but also at the Quaker School, American Missionary Association subscription school, and later the Orange County Training school. She also ran a school out of her home on Robeson Street. Mrs. Frances Hargraves, born in 1914, was one of the students at the Hackney school. In an interview with Bob Gilgor, she recalled her time at the school from 1st grade to when Orange County Training School burned down. In
1334-508: The Quaker Freedmen School into one unified institution. He agreed, and in 1919, after operating the Hackney School for seven years, he sold it and the land to Orange County . Students from the Hackney School and Quaker Freedmen School, many of whom went on to become teachers, were combined and educated at the Orange County Training School. On June 12, 1922, tragedy struck when a fire in an adjacent building spread to
1392-401: The age of 18 living with them, 40.2% were headed by married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 48.9% were not families. About 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.98. In the town, the population
1450-637: The area of what is now Hillsborough , north of Chapel Hill, prior to European settlement. The area was the home place of early settler William Barbee of Middlesex County, Virginia , whose 1753 grant of 585 acres on the north and south side of "Lick Branch" from John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville was the first of two land grants in what is now the Chapel Hill-Durham area. Though William Barbee died shortly after settling there in 1758, one of his eight children, Christopher Barbee, became an important contributor to his father's adopted community and to
1508-508: The buildings. Most of these murals were painted by UNC alumnus Michael Brown. Also, for more than 30 years, Chapel Hill has sponsored the annual street fair , Festifall, in October. The fair offer booths to artists, craftsmakers, nonprofits, and food vendors. Performance space is also available for musicians, martial artists , and other groups. The fair is attended by tens of thousands each year. The Morehead Planetarium and Science Center
1566-575: The construction of the new Orange County Training School. The total cost of construction of the newly built O.C.T.S. was $ 23,112, and it became the largest Rosenwald school in the county. The Hackney School's Board of Trustees included Thomas L. McDade, Edward Allen, E. B. Jones, S. J. Caldwell, William McDade, and George McCauley. Along with Reverend Dr. Louis H. Hackney, other teachers at the school included “Jessie O'Kelley (domestic science), Amy Rogers ( music ), Carrie Jones (history), and Jim Rogers ( arithmetic )”. Carey (Carrie) Jones taught at not only
1624-508: The first openly gay mayor of Chapel Hill, succeeding outgoing four-term mayor Kevin Foy . The town adopted its flag in 1990. According to flag designer Spring Davis, the blue represents the town and the University of North Carolina (whose colors are Carolina blue and white); the green represents "environmental awareness"; and the "townscape" in the inverted chevron represents "a sense of home, friends, and community." The town's seal, has, since
1682-409: The fledgling University of North Carolina . In 1792, he offered the trustees of UNC 221 acres on which the university is now built, making him the university's largest donor. Chapel Hill has developed along a hill; the crest was the original site of a small Anglican "chapel of ease", built in 1752, known as New Hope Chapel . The Carolina Inn now occupies this site. In 1819, the town was founded by
1740-407: The guitar for 25 years, except for occasional church performances. She did not begin performing publicly and recording until she was in her 60s. She was discovered by the folk-singing Seeger family while she was working for them as a housekeeper. While working briefly in a department store, Cotten helped a child wandering through the aisles find her mother. The child was Peggy Seeger , and the mother
1798-625: The melody with her thumb. Her signature alternating bass style has become known as "Cotten picking". NPR stated "her influence has reverberated through the generations, permeating every genre of music." Her album Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar (1958), was placed into the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress , and was deemed as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". The album included her signature recording " Freight Train ",
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1856-418: The pastor of Rock Hill Baptist Church in the late 1800s and principal of the nearby Quaker School from 1898 to 1912, allowing him to establish a firm leadership position within the Chapel Hill community. Hackney was able to use this influence to obtain funding from local black families who were frustrated with the lack of available secondary education. On May 22, 1913, Louis H. Hackney and his wife Lara purchased
1914-481: The realm of popular music, James Taylor , George Hamilton IV , Southern Culture on the Skids , Superchunk , Polvo , Archers of Loaf , Ben Folds Five , The Kingsbury Manx , Spider Bags and more recently Porter Robinson , are among the most notable musical artists and acts whose careers began in Chapel Hill. The town has also been a center for the modern revival of old-time music and bluegrass with such bands as
1972-468: The same interview she recalled her time attending Carey (Carrie) Jones' home school before her transfer to Hackney. Similarly, Elizabeth "Libba" Cotten was born in 1893 and attended the nearby Quaker school until she was forced to quit at the age of 12 due to work. Chapel Hill, North Carolina Chapel Hill is a town in Orange and Durham County, North Carolina , United States. Its population
2030-699: The service, and fees are collected through UNC Parking. The connecting services are fee-based, but subsidized for UNC students, staff, and faculty. Go Triangle provides connection to the rest of the Triangle ( Raleigh , Durham , and Hillsborough ), of which the Hillsborough service is operated by Chapel Hill Transit, and supplemented mid-day by a county shuttle. The Durham–Orange Light Rail line , which would have run between Chapel Hill and Durham, entered planning and engineering phases in August 2017. The project
2088-514: The song "Freight Train" with her to England, where it became popular in folk music circles. British songwriters Paul James and Fred Williams subsequently misappropriated it as their own composition and copyrighted it. Under their credit, it was then recorded by British skiffle singer Chas McDevitt , who recorded the song in December 1956. Under advice from his manager (Bill Varley), McDevitt then brought in folk-singer Nancy Whiskey and re-recorded
2146-415: The song with her doing the vocal; the result was a chart hit. McDevitt's version influenced many young skiffle groups of the day, including The Quarrymen . Under the advocacy of the influential Seeger family, the copyright was eventually restored to Cotten. Nevertheless, it remains mis-credited in many sources. Shortly after that first album, she began playing concerts with Mike Seeger, the first of which
2204-425: The state passed legislation to provide free service to all riders on local buses. The bus operations are funded through Chapel Hill and Carrboro town taxes, federal grants, and UNC student tuition. The change has resulted in a large increase in ridership, taking many cars off the roads. Several hybrid and articulated buses have been added recently. All buses carry GPS transmitters to report their location in real-time to
2262-819: The town both house UNC teams. The Dean Smith Center is home to the men's basketball team, while Kenan Memorial Stadium is home to the football team. In addition, Chapel Hill is also home to Carmichael Arena which formerly housed the UNC men's basketball team, and currently is home to the women's team, and to the new Dorrance Field , home to men's and women's soccer and lacrosse teams. Many walking/biking trails are in Chapel Hill. Some of these include Battle Branch Trail, Morgan Creek Trail and Bolin Creek Trail, Chapel Hill's oldest trail and most popular greenway. Chapel Hill has no-fee intracity bus service via Chapel Hill Transit . Park & Ride lots provide financial support for
2320-402: The town has a total area of 21.75 square miles (56.3 km ), of which 21.60 square miles (55.9 km ) is land and 0.15 square miles (0.39 km ) (0.69%) is water. As of the 2020 census , there were 61,960 people, 20,369 households, and 10,552 families residing in the town. At the 2010 census , there were 57,233 people in 20,564 households residing in the town. The population density
2378-536: The training school, reducing it to rubble. For two years after the fire, concerned individuals from the community made various efforts to help maintain consistent, quality education for African American children. Small private schools, such as the Carey (Carrie) Jones School on Roberson Street and the Pendle School on McDade Street, emerged to support the cause. In 1924, a man named Henry Stroud donated land to begin
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2436-485: The two history teachers, Hackney sold the property for $ 2300. The Hackney School merged with Quaker Freedmen School to become the Orange County Training School in 1916. Despite widespread racial discrimination at the time, Hackney amassed enough wealth to acquire and own land from 1878 until he died in 1937. Records state that he also sold land to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1921. Unlike Quaker Freedmen School, which taught grades one through seven, and
2494-533: The university and the town for more than two weeks. In 1969, a year after the town fully integrated its schools, Chapel Hill elected Howard Lee as mayor. It was the first majority-white municipality in the South to elect an African-American mayor. Serving from 1969 to 1975, Lee helped establish Chapel Hill Transit , the town's bus system, and the Mountains-to-Sea trail . Some 30 years later, in 2002,
2552-572: The university are seen throughout the town, even in the fire departments. Each fire station in Chapel Hill has a fire engine (numbers 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35) that is Carolina blue. These engines are also decorated with different UNC decals, including a firefighter Rameses . Chapel Hill also has some new urbanist village communities, such as Meadowmont Village and Southern Village . Meadowmont and Southern Village both have shopping centers, green space where concerts, movies, and other outdoor events have taken place, community pools, and schools. Also,
2610-404: Was 2,687 people per square mile (1,037 people/km ). The racial composition of the town was 72.8% White, 9.7% African American, 0.3% Native American, 11.9% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 2.7% some other race, and 2.7% of two or more races. About 6.4% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 20,564 households, 51.1% were families, 26.2% of all households had children under
2668-703: Was 61,960 in the 2020 census , making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham-Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it's combined with Raleigh , the state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh-Durham- Cary , NC Combined Statistical Area ), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023. The town
2726-429: Was born in 1893 in or near Chapel Hill, North Carolina . Her parents were George Nevill (also spelled Nevills) and Louisa (or Louise) Price Nevill. Elizabeth was the youngest of five children. She named herself on her first day of school, when the teacher asked her name, because at home she was only called "Li'l Sis". By the age of eight, she was playing songs. At age nine, she was forced to quit school and began work as
2784-472: Was discontinued in April 2019. Elizabeth %22Libba%22 Cotten Elizabeth " Libba " Cotten ( née Nevills ; January 5, 1893 – June 29, 1987) was an influential American folk and blues musician. She was a self-taught left-handed guitarist who played a guitar strung for a right-handed player, but played it upside down. This position meant that she would play the bass lines with her fingers and
2842-404: Was distributed as 17.4% under the age of 18, 31.5% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 18.4% from 45 to 64, and 9.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.6 males. According to estimates released by the U.S. Census Bureau , over the three-year period of 2005 through 2007,
2900-411: Was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street , covering 21.3 square miles (55 km ). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are a major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town. The Occaneechi Indians lived in
2958-585: Was in 1960 at Swarthmore College . In the early 1960s, Cotten went on to play concerts with some of the big names in the burgeoning folk revival . Some of these included Mississippi John Hurt , John Lee Hooker , and Muddy Waters at venues such as the Newport Folk Festival and the Smithsonian Festival of American Folklife . The newfound interest in her work inspired her to write more songs to perform, and in 1967 she released
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#17327973101303016-418: Was on September 15, 2003, at Kenan Memorial Stadium with the E Street Band . U2 also performed at Kenan on the first American date of their 1983 War Tour , where Bono climbed up to the top of the stage, during pouring rain and lightning, holding up a white flag for peace. The 2011 John Craigie song, " Chapel Hill ", is about the singer's first visit there. One song from Dirty , a Sonic Youth album,
3074-513: Was one of 75 influential African-American women included in the photo documentary I Dream a World . Cotten died in June 1987, at Crouse-Irving Hospital in Syracuse, New York, at the age of 94. Cotten began writing music while toying with her older brother's banjo . She was left-handed, so she played the banjo in reverse position. Later, when she transferred her songs to the guitar, she formed
3132-479: Was open from October to March, the Hackney School was established to give African American children access to sustained quality education for longer portions of the year. However, although the school benefitted the children immensely, funding became increasingly problematic. As a result, Dr. Hackney was approached by the Orange County Board of Directors with the idea to consolidate his Hackney School and
3190-468: Was released by Folkways Records . Since the release of that album, her songs, especially her signature song, "Freight Train" — which she wrote when she was a teenager — have been covered by Peter, Paul, and Mary , Jerry Garcia , Bob Dylan , Joe Dassin , Joan Baez , Devendra Banhart , Laura Gibson , Laura Veirs , Tommy Emmanuel , His Name Is Alive , Doc Watson , Taj Mahal , Geoff Farina , Esther Ofarim and Country Teasers . Peggy Seeger took
3248-506: Was the composer Ruth Crawford Seeger . Soon after this, Cotten again began working as a maid, this time for Ruth Crawford Seeger and Charles Seeger , and caring for their children, Mike , Peggy, Barbara, and Penny. The Seeger family kids, who were too young to pronounce "Elizabeth", began calling her "Libba", and she embraced that nickname later in life. While working with the Seegers (a voraciously musical family that included Pete Seeger ,
3306-465: Was the first planetarium built on a U.S. college campus. When it opened in 1949, it was one of six planetariums in the nation and has remained an important town landmark. During the Mercury , Gemini , and Apollo programs , astronauts were trained there. One of the town's hallmark features is the giant sundial, located in the green square in front of the planetarium on Franklin Street. Influences of
3364-461: Was writing her own songs, one of which, " Freight Train ", became one of her most recognized. She wrote the song in remembrance of a nearby train that she could hear from her childhood home. The 1956 UK recording of the song by Chas McDevitt and Nancy Whiskey was a major hit and is credited as one of the main influences on the rise of skiffle in the UK. Around the age of 13, Cotten began working as
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