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26-497: Camp H. M. Smith , the headquarters of the United States Indo-Pacific Command , is located here. The Hālawa (Aloha Stadium) Skyline station is located at the base of the valley. The entire ahupuaʻa of Halawa is highly sacred to Kanaka Maoli . At the far Makai (ocean) side at Puʻuloa or Pearl Harbor , it is, according to Kanaka Maoli beliefs, the home of the shark goddess Kaʻahupahau , known as

52-518: A female householder with no husband present, and 20.9% were non-families. 15.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.28 and the average family size was 3.64. In the CDP the population was spread out, with 23.4% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

78-671: Is 96701 (the same as for Aiea). The postal code for Foster Village, the stadium area, and Makalapa is 96818 (the same as Āliamanu ). Halawa is located at 21°22′39″N 157°55′22″W  /  21.37750°N 157.92278°W  / 21.37750; -157.92278 (21.377633, -157.922759). According to the United States Census Bureau , the CDP has a total area of 2.3 square miles (6.0 km), all land. The route of H-3 extends from its western terminus with east–west Moanalua Freeway (H-201; connecting eastward to Honolulu or westward to H-1 and Aiea ) to

104-596: Is a United States Marine Corps installation in the Halawa census-designated place on the island of Oahu , Hawaii , near the community of Halawa (ha-LA-va) Heights. It is the headquarters of the United States Indo-Pacific Command (INDOPACOM), Special Operations Command Pacific , and Marine Forces Pacific , the Marine service component command of INDOPACOM. The camp, originally the Aiea Naval Hospital ,

130-418: Is also believed to offer some returns in terms of preservation of both archeological sites and stream ecology. As of the census of 2000, there were 13,891 people, 4,142 households, and 3,276 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 5,974.5 inhabitants per square mile (2,306.8/km). There were 4,289 housing units at an average density of 1,844.7 per square mile (712.2/km). The racial makeup of

156-418: Is currently occupied by a food distribution warehouse. The Papa temples were associated with the great Ku temples (luakini), which demanded human sacrifice and were usually in areas of greater population and state sponsorship. Without a luakini, there would be no Hale o Papa, according to Samuel Kamakau (see Bishop Museum, H-3 project reports). "Neighborhoods" of Halawa are very disjointed, in part because of

182-848: Is now the Tripler Army Medical Center . In 1950, the Territory of Hawaii began negotiations to obtain the Aiea facility for a tuberculosis sanitarium. In 1955, however, the Marine Corps selected the site as the home of the Fleet Marine Force Pacific. The first Marines took up residence in October 1955; the headquarters staff placed the camp in full operation just two weeks before its dedication on January 31, 1956. In October 1957, Camp Smith also became

208-534: Is unique in that it is the only Marine Corps installation that supports a unified commander , Commander, Indo-Pacific Command (CDRUSINDOPACOM). Halawa Correctional Facility Halawa Correctional Facility is a state prison in the City and County of Honolulu , Hawaii on the island of Oahu . It is operated by the Hawaii Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation . The prison is in proximity to

234-415: Is worshipped. The valley contains many religious and other cultural sites sacred to Kanaka Maoli. Although many sites were destroyed by the invasion of Kahekili II and especially by the building of the highly controversial H-3 Freeway , many remain and are cared for by Kanaka Maoli Aloha ʻAina practitioners to this day. In the last two decades, North Halawa has been the site of a very public battle over

260-602: The poverty line , including 20.9% of those under the age of 18 and 3.7% of those 65 and older. Aloha Stadium is located in Halawa CDP. The Hawaii Department of Public Safety operates the Halawa Correctional Facility in an area near Halawa. Hawaii Department of Education operates public schools. Aiea Elementary School, Gus Webling Elementary School, and Aiea Intermediate School are in Halawa CDP. Camp H. M. Smith Camp H. M. Smith

286-417: The "Queen of Sharks", who protected Oʻahu and strictly enforced kind, fair behavior on the part of both sharks and humans. Until the late 1890s, the home of Kaʻahupahau was famously lined with beds of pearl oysters, however, according to Kanaka Maoli religious experts who follow the goddess, Kaʻahupahau removed all of the oysters (and some say, herself) because the area was being abused by human misdeeds. Today,

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312-632: The 1100-foot (335-m) elevation entrance into the Tetsuo Harano Tunnels , penetrating the Ko‘olau crest. The freeway continues beyond to Kaneohe on windward Oahu. A significant proportion of H-3 within the valley is carried on the Windward Viaducts ; although very expensive to construct, the viaduct is the only way to construct a freeway of this magnitude through such a narrow valley without flooding and destabilization concerns; it

338-512: The 220½ acres of Camp Smith land, in fee simple (a term for owning both the land and the buildings), was $ 912,000, and improvements cost an additional $ 14 million. Work commenced in July and progressed slowly. Following the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, construction of the planned 1,650-bed facility was rushed to completion. With Admiral Chester W. Nimitz in attendance, the hospital was commissioned on November 11, 1942, but continued expansion

364-403: The CDP was 15.50% White , 1.83% African American , 0.20% Native American , 50.90% Asian , 10.43% Pacific Islander , 0.84% from other races , and 20.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.52% of the population. There were 4,142 households, out of which 30.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.1% were married couples living together, 13.9% had

390-677: The communities of Aiea and Halawa . The prison has two separate facilities: a medium security division for medium-security male prisoners, and a special needs division for both male and female inmates. Originally opened in 1962 as the City and County Halawa Jail, it was transferred to the State in 1977. The prison was expanded in 1987 and remains the largest prison in the State of Hawaii correctional system. 21°22′24″N 157°53′57″W  /  21.37333°N 157.89917°W  / 21.37333; -157.89917 This Hawaiʻi -related article

416-421: The freewayʻs closure. In 1993, thirteen cultural practitioners were arrested while conducting a ceremony to pray for the healing of the valley. Their lele (religious altar) was destroyed, and the caretakers of the area were barred from entrance to the sites. Today, some of these caretakers, many of them kupuna (elders), have returned to care for the sites, although they now do so through a layer of soot and with

442-957: The headquarters for the Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command, who formerly shared the headquarters of the Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet at Makalapa , near Pearl Harbor. Both commands were headed by the same officer until 13 January 1958, when a separate officer was named to serve as Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet. In July 1992, FMFPac was further designated as the component command, Marine Forces Pacific. In April 1994, Marine Corps Base Hawaii assumed operational responsibility for Camp H. M. Smith. Camp Smith today consists of 220 acres (0.89 km ) at Camp Smith proper, 137 acres (0.55 km ) at Puuloa Rifle Range in Ewa Beach, and 62 acres (250,000 m ) in Manana Housing. Camp Smith

468-481: The religious sites and ecological resources destroyed by H-3, which is the most expensive freeway per mile in human history. At least two species were driven to probable extinction (none have been sighted since construction began), many more are declining rapidly, the main aquifer of the area was badly damaged, and religious sites were seriously impacted. Although the freeway was opened in 1997, many are still fighting for mitigation of these impacts, and some are asking for

494-421: The roar of the freeway as a constant sonic backdrop. Many kanaka maoli do not use the freeway because of these impacts, and because of the lasting belief that the road is haunted—an often-attributed explanation for the high accident rate on the freeway (more generally believed to be caused by the high speeds often used by the motorists who traverse it). There is evidence in the documentary record that upper Halawa

520-624: The significant highway exchanges (see below) that now occupy nearly all of the lower end of Halawa Valley between Red Hill and Aloha Stadium . Much of the remainder of the valley along both sides of Interstate H-3 is developed into commercial and light industrial properties. On the east side of H-3 are found the State Animal Quarantine Station and the Halawa High and Medium Security Facility ( main O‘ahu prison ). Where

546-429: The valley widens out closer to Pearl Harbor occur residential neighborhoods: Foster Village adjacent to Āliamanu ; and the stadium area between Aloha Stadium and Makalapa . The interfluve (uplands between valleys) on the west comprises Halawa Heights , extending up to Camp H. M. Smith . Along the lower, western edge, Halawa Heights merges with the neighborhoods of ‘Aiea . The U.S. Postal Code for Halawa Heights

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572-490: The water of Pearl Harbor has been highly contaminated by nuclear defueling and other toxic influences, and has thereby been designated as a Superfund site. The upland, or Mauka, portion of Halawa is sacred to Papahānaumoku , the Kanaka Maoli form of Mother Earth , as it is, according to legend, her birthplace and primary home, as well as one of only two or three known remaining Hale o Papa , womenʻs temples where Papa

598-415: Was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 98.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.3 males. The median income for a household in the CDP in 2000 was $ 63,176, and the median income for a family was $ 68,519. Males had a median income of $ 35,764 versus $ 28,527 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $ 21,868. About 7.5% of families and 10.1% of the population were below

624-497: Was highly significant to Kanaka Maoli. Most of the evidence may be, however, be in the oral record. The Hale O Papa and luakini are mentioned in the massive collection of Bishop Museum reports that took many years to finally be released. However, there was no archaeological evidence that these structures existed by the time of highway construction. The area has been greatly impacted by sugarcane plantations , homesteading, and light industrial use. The site of Waipao Heiau, for example,

650-400: Was named for General Holland McTyeire Smith , the first commanding general of Fleet Marine Force Pacific, on June 8, 1955. The initials H. M. also stood for his nickname which was "Howling Mad" referring to his temper and given to him by his Marines. An Act of Congress on 17 March 1941 had approved purchase of the site, then a sugar cane field, for a Navy Hospital. In 1941, the investment for

676-627: Was necessary. Throughout World War II, the Aiea Naval Hospital served as a stopping off place for thousands of wounded sailors and Marines on their way home from the war in the Pacific. Hospital activity peaked following the battle for Iwo Jima in February and March, 1945, when 5,676 patients received medical care simultaneously. On June 1, 1949, the hospital was deactivated and Army and Navy medical facilities were consolidated at what

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