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44-822: The Hall County School District is a public school district in Hall County , Georgia , United States , based in Gainesville . Most of the county is in the Hall County School District; however, Portions in the city limits of Buford and Gainesville are in the Buford City School District and the Gainesville City School District , respectively. It serves the communities of Clermont , Flowery Branch , Oakwood , and Rest Haven . It also serves

88-634: A defensive line occupied by the Confederate Army in early July 1864. Designed by Confederate Brigadier General Francis A. Shoup , the line became known as Johnston's River Line after Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . A month prior to the Battle of Atlanta , Shoup talked with Johnston on June 18, 1864, about building fortifications. Johnston agreed, and Shoup supervised

132-589: A result of Hurricane Fred . Numerous tributaries also swelled far over and beyond their banks. These were the highest water levels seen since 1990, and the second-highest ever since the large Buford Dam was built upstream. The National Weather Service in Peachtree City estimated that this was a 500-year flood event. The main stream gauges are located: Water-level forecasts are regularly issued only at Vinings and Atlanta. Forecasts are issued only during high water at Norcross, Whitesburg, West Point, and

176-649: A series of reservoirs and artificial lakes, it flows by Columbus , the second-largest city in Georgia, and the Fort Moore Army base. At Columbus, it crosses the Fall Line of the eastern United States. From Lake Oliver to Fort Moore, the Chattahoochee Riverwalk provides cycling, rollerblading, and walking along 15 miles (24 km) of the river's banks. Farther south, it merges with

220-601: A small series of dams along the middle portion of the river (the Columbus area) between West Point Lake and Lake Walter F. George. Several smaller and older lakes and dams also provide these services on a much smaller and more localized scale, including Bull Sluice Lake , which is held by the Morgan Falls Dam . This dam was built by the Georgia Railway and Power Company in 1902 to provide electric power for

264-571: Is also part of the Atlanta - Athens-Clarke County - Sandy Springs , Combined Statistical Area . Hall County was created on December 15, 1818, from Cherokee lands ceded by the Treaty of Cherokee Agency (1817) and Treaty of Washington (1819) . The county is named for Lyman Hall , a signer of the Declaration of Independence and governor of Georgia as both colony and state. According to

308-557: The Buford City School District and the Gainesville City School District , respectively. Hall County had voting patterns similar to the Solid South , voting Democrat in all presidential elections until 1968, with the exception of narrowly supporting Herbert Hoover against Catholic Democrat Al Smith in 1928. Since then, it has been won by the GOP by landslide margins, in stark contrast to nearby inner suburban counties of Atlanta, with

352-600: The Flint River and other tributaries at Lake Seminole near Bainbridge , to form the Apalachicola River that flows into the Florida Panhandle . The Chattahoochee River ends in the city of Chattahoochee, FL . From there, the same river is then named Apalachicola River, which ends (106 miles away) in the city of Apalachicola, FL (meaning both rivers end in the city named after them). Although

396-667: The Oconee River , which flow to the Atlantic Seaboard via the Altamaha River . Interest groups and the state of Florida have asked the U.S. Congress to intervene to reduce the priority given to put navigation of the lower Chattahoochee, south of Columbus, by river barge. This requirement causes large water withdrawals, which environmental supporters consider a waste of water needed to support habitats, especially during droughts. The navigation issue has aggravated

440-634: The Southern Association of Colleges and Schools with a grade of A. The school district is governed by the board of education. The board is made up of five members elected by all Hall County citizens. The current board members are: The board holds open meetings twice a month to vote on educational matters, recognize students and teachers, and get input from the community. The Hall County School District has twenty elementary schools, seven traditional middle schools, and seven traditional high schools. This school-related article concerning

484-788: The Tennessee Valley Divide . The Appalachian Trail crosses the river's uppermost headwaters. The Chattahoochee's source and upper course lie within Chattahoochee National Forest . From its source in the Blue Ridge Mountains, the Chattahoochee River flows southwesterly to Atlanta and through its suburbs . It eventually turns due-south to form the southern half of the Georgia/Alabama state line. Flowing through

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528-483: The U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 429 square miles (1,110 km ), of which 393 square miles (1,020 km ) is land and 37 square miles (96 km ) (8.5%) is water. The county is located in the upper Piedmont region of the state in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains to the north. Slightly more than half of Hall County, the eastern portion of the county, is located in

572-562: The United States Army Corps of Engineers . The dams and reservoirs were developed following legislation by Congress of the mid-1940s for flood control , domestic and industrial water, hydroelectricity , recreation, and improved navigation for river barges. Most of the lakes were completed by 1963. Numerous historic and prehistoric sites were covered over by the lakes during the flooding of the reservoirs, including Oketeyconne, Georgia. The Georgia Power Company also owns

616-470: The 2000 census, 139,277 people, 80,381 households and 80,009 families resided in the county. The population density was 354 inhabitants per square mile (137/km ). There were 51,046 housing units at an average density of 130 per square mile (50/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 80.75% White, 7.27% Black or African American, 0.34% Native American, 1.35% Asian, 0.17% Pacific Islander, 8.75% from other races, and 1.36% from two or more races. About 19.56% of

660-544: The Atlanta trolley system, which has long since been replaced by other forms of transportation. At various points, the Chattahoochee serves as the boundary between several counties and cities, as well as forming the lower half of the boundary between Alabama and Georgia. Within Georgia, it divides: Atlanta is built upon the crest of a large ridge, rather than in the floodplain of the river. This has contributed to

704-503: The Chattahoochee River is commemorated in the poem "The Song of the Chattahoochee" (1877), by the noted Georgian poet Sidney Lanier . Lake Lanier on the Chattahoochee is named for him. Country music artist Alan Jackson released his song " Chattahoochee " in 1993 as a single off his album A Lot About Livin' (And a Little 'bout Love) (the name of the album being the last line of the aforementioned song's chorus). "Chattahoochee" received Country Music Association awards for Single of

748-482: The Chattahoochee River remained in moderate flood stage. Streams affected by the September 2009 floods included the following: The second most recent major flood along the river occurred during the 2009 Georgia floods , with 28.10 feet (8.56 m) of water recorded at Vinings at the northwestern Atlanta city limit. The flood was over 5 feet (1.5 m) higher than the previous flood recorded in September 2004, as

792-769: The Hall County portions of Braselton , Gillsville , and Lula , as well as Hall County's unincorporated area . The superintendent is Will Schofield. The chair of the Hall County Board of Education is Nath Morris, who also serves as the North Hall Representative. The four other board members are Craig Herrington, Vice-chairman and West Hall Representative; Sam Chapman, East Hall Representative; Bill Thompson, County At-Large Representative; and Mark Pettitt, South Hall Representative. In October 2009, Hall County Schools received accreditation from

836-508: The Lake Walter F. George and Andrews Dams. All other locations have observations only. Tributary creeks , streams , and rivers , as well as lakes, along with the county they are in: Note that the above list is incomplete, and that each item is not in the exact order in which it joins the Chattahoochee. (For confluences now inundated by lakes, it may be impossible to determine from current maps exactly where they were.) The beauty of

880-485: The U.S. state of Georgia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Hall County, Georgia Hall County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia . As of the 2020 census , the population was 203,136, up from 179,684 at the 2010 census. The county seat is Gainesville . The entirety of Hall County comprises the Gainesville, Georgia, Metropolitan Statistical Area , which

924-681: The Upper Oconee River sub-basin of the Altamaha River basin, while the western half of the county is located in the Upper Chattahoochee River sub-basin of the ACF River Basin (Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin). The Chattahoochee River gathers strength in Hall County, as immortalized in Sidney Lanier 's poem , "Song of the Chattahoochee": OUT of the hills of Habersham, Down

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968-460: The building of 36 small elevated earth and wooden triangular fortifications, arranged in a sawtooth pattern to maximize the crossfire of defenders. Sherman tried to avoid the Shoupade defenses by crossing the river to the northeast. The nine remaining Shoupades consist of the earthworks portion of the original earth and wooden structures; they are endangered by land development in the area. Two of

1012-571: The county. As of the 2010 United States Census , there were 179,684 people, 60,691 households, and 45,275 families residing in the county. The population density was 457.5 inhabitants per square mile (176.6/km ). There were 68,825 housing units at an average density of 175.2 per square mile (67.6/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 74.1% white, 7.4% black or African American, 1.8% Asian, 0.5% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 13.9% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 26.1% of

1056-442: The exception of segregationist George Wallace in 1968 and favorite son Jimmy Carter in both of his campaigns. As a measure of how rapidly it turned to the GOP, Carter’s 21-point victory in 1980 is the last time a Democrat managed even 40 percent of the county's vote. However, conservative Democrats held most state and local offices as late as 2000. In 2022, local media reported that Hall County Solicitor General Stephanie Woodard

1100-559: The fight between Georgia, Florida, and Alabama over rights to the river water. A lawsuit has been filed in the case to reduce priorities given to navigation. The lawsuit is now in court, and may take years to resolve. The most recent major flooding of the Chattahoochee River took place in November 2009. This was caused by torrential rains from Tropical Storm Ida as it tore through the Georgia Piedmont. Downstream from Roswell,

1144-594: The largest mound complex in the state. The Chattahoochee River was of considerable strategic importance during the Atlanta Campaign by Union General William Tecumseh Sherman of the American Civil War . Between the tributaries of Proctor Creek and Nickajack Creek on the Cobb and Fulton county lines in metropolitan Atlanta, are nine remaining fortifications nicknamed "Shoupades" that were part of

1188-554: The last battles of the war, West Point and Columbus took place at strategically important crossings of the Chattahoochee. Since the nineteenth century, early improvements and alterations to the river were for the purposes of navigation. The river was important for carrying trade and passengers and was a major transportation route. In the twentieth century, the United States Congress passed legislation in 1944 and 1945 to improve navigation for commercial traffic on

1232-455: The late twentieth century, the nonprofit organization called " Upper Chattahoochee Riverkeeper " has advocated for the preservation of the environment and ecology of the northern part of the river, especially the part traversing Metropolitan Atlanta . In 2010, a campaign to create a whitewater river course was launched in the portion of the Chattahoochee River that runs through Columbus, Georgia. Between 2010 and 2013, construction took place on

1276-862: The mouth of the Chattahoochee-Flint-Apalachicola River system, in the Apalachicola River delta, the geologic history of the delta can be traced at least as far back as the Miocene . The vicinity of the Chattahoochee River was inhabited in prehistoric times by indigenous peoples since at least 1000 BC. The Kolomoki Mounds , now protected in the Kolomoki Mounds Historic Park near present-day Blakely in Early County , southwest Georgia, were built between 350 AD and 650 AD and constitute

1320-425: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 80,381 households, 37.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.20% were married couples living together, 10.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.00% were not families. About 19.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

1364-418: The population. In terms of ancestry, 16.8% were American, 10.6% were Irish, 9.3% were English, and 8.9% were German. Of the 60,691 households, 40.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 25.4% were non-families, and 20.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size

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1408-539: The preservation of much of the natural scenic beauty of the section that runs through metropolitan Atlanta. North of the metropolis, the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area protects other portions of the riverbanks in a region that is spread across several disconnected areas. The river traverses much of Atlanta's hilly topography of the northern suburbs. Wealthy suburban communities in northern metro Atlanta that abut

1452-458: The river include: Vinings , Buckhead , Sandy Springs , East Cobb , Roswell , Dunwoody , Peachtree Corners , Duluth , Johns Creek , and Berkeley Lake . Since three states have needs related to the river, there has been increasing controversy since the late twentieth century related to competing development among the regions and the implications for the river. The enormous growth of metropolitan Atlanta has increased its water withdrawals from

1496-590: The river runs through the Brevard fault zone . The current course of the Chattahoochee River has a geologic history that extends back in time at least 100 million years. A Late Cretaceous system of paleovalleys incised into the Coastal Plain unconformity in the vicinity of Columbus, Georgia is infilled with fluvial sands and gravels of the lower Tuscaloosa Formation . Younger rocks of the overlying Eutaw Formation record an estuarine environment in approximately

1540-577: The river, as well as to establish hydroelectric power and recreational facilities on a series of lakes to be created by building dams and establishing reservoirs. Creating the manmade, 46,000-acre Walter F. George Lake also known as Lake Eufaula, in Eufaula, Alabama, required evacuating numerous communities, including the historically majority-Native American settlement of Oketeyeconne, Georgia . The lakes were complete in 1963, covering over numerous historic and prehistoric sites of settlement. Beginning in

1584-517: The river, the Eagle and Phenix and City Mills Dams were breached and a 2.5 mile Whitewater Course was formed in Uptown, Columbus. The project returned the river to its natural path across the Fall Line , as well as creating the longest urban whitewater course in the world. Several large manmade reservoirs , including Lanier , Lake Eufaula , West Point , and George W. Andrews , lakes are controlled by

1628-534: The river. This has effects downstream. For example, the oysters in the Apalachicola Bay of Florida depend on the brackish water mixture of river and ocean water, and the alternating freshwater and saltwater flows that the river and the tides provide. The amount of flow in the Chattahoochee has also been decreased by interbasin water transfers, where water is withdrawn from the Chattahoochee, but discharged as treated sewage water into another river, such as

1672-765: The same location, suggesting a persistent paleodrainage system in the vicinity of the modern Chattahoochee for at least 10-20 million years during the Late Cretaceous. North of the Fall Line, in the Piedmont of Georgia and Alabama, the course of the Chattahoochee River cuts across prominent, resistant rock layers, including the Hollis Quartzite of the Pine Mountain belt, and must have established its current course prior to uplift of those units. At

1716-427: The same river, this portion was given a different name by separated settlers in different regions during the colonial times. The name Chattahoochee is thought to come from a Muskogee word meaning "rocks-marked" (or "painted"), from chato ("rock") plus huchi ("marked"). This possibly refers to the many colorful granite outcroppings along the northeast-to-southwest segment of the river. Much of that segment of

1760-404: The valleys of Hall, I hurry amain to reach the plain, Run the rapid and leap the fall, Split at the rock and together again, Hall County remains extremely rural and many of its residents reside in unincorporated areas, accounting for more than half of the county's population. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 203,136 people, 65,625 households, and 48,776 families residing in

1804-487: Was $ 50,100. Males had a median income of $ 31,769 versus $ 24,550 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 19,690. About 8.50% of families and 12.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.20% of those under age 18 and 14.70% of those age 65 or over. Most of the county is in the Hall County School District . Portions in the city limits of Buford and Gainesville are in

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1848-423: Was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.26. Age distribution was 26.90% under the age of 18, 10.80% from 18 to 24, 32.30% from 25 to 44, 20.60% from 45 to 64, and 9.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.90 males. The median household income was $ 44,908, and the median family income

1892-463: Was 2.91 and the average family size was 3.35. The median age was 34.5 years. The median income for a household in the county was $ 50,876 and the median income for a family was $ 57,774. Males had a median income of $ 38,671 versus $ 31,378 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 23,675. About 11.3% of families and 14.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.3% of those under age 18 and 11.6% of those age 65 or over. At

1936-542: Was under investigation for allegations of theft and misuse of public funds. Chattahoochee River The source of the Chattahoochee River is located in Jacks Gap at the southeastern foot of Jacks Knob , in the very southeastern corner of Union County , in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains , a subrange of the Appalachian Mountains . The headwaters of the river flow south from ridges that form

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