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42-456: On September 27, 1918, Ella Reid Harrison, announced her plan to donate the land and $ 20,000 (equivalent to $ 405,133 in 2023) in bonds to the city to build a library in honor of her late husband. On October 12, 1922, after Ella Reid Harrison's death, her estate financed a memorial to her husband, California Supreme Court Justice Ralph Chandler Harrison (1833-1918), to establish a new public library. Her estate included rare books, furniture, and

84-532: A LL.B. in 1859. Harrison's law school classmate, David D. Colton, encouraged Harrison to move to California and in 1859 the two formed a law partnership in San Francisco. In 1868, Harrison joined with Yale Law School -trained attorney, John R. Jarboe, in the firm of Jarboe & Harrison. In August 1890, Harrison won the nomination of the Republican Party for Supreme Court justice, and

126-829: A historic amusement park designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987, is also located in Rye. Playland features one of the oldest wooden roller coasters in the Northeast , the Dragon Coaster . Rye was once a part of Fairfield County , Connecticut , belonging to the Sachem Ponus, of the Ponus Wekuwuhm, Canaan Parish, and was probably named for that chieftain, "Peningoe Neck". It was founded in 1660 by three men: Thomas Studwell, Peter Disbrow and John Coe. Later landowners included John Budd and family. During

168-589: A local landmark law that protects the following properties: Of note are two 200 plus year old milestones labeled 24 and 25 on the Boston Post Road , oldest thoroughfare in the United States. The concept of mile markers to measure the distance from New York City was originated in 1763 by Benjamin Franklin during his term as Postmaster General . These sandstone markers likely date from 1802 when

210-602: A number of valuable art pieces for the library (over 2,000 items). The new library was designed by California architect Bernard Maybeck in a Spanish Eclectic style and built by Michael J. Murphy , at a cost of $ 27,373 (equivalent to $ 357,347 in 2023). The library opened on March 31, 1928, in a two-story building in Carmel-by-the-Sea. It was renovated in 1949 and again in 1977. Christine Delsol of SFGate described it as an "imposing Mission-style building with castle-sized windows." The Barnet Segal Reading Room

252-637: A variety of environmentally significant areas. Numerous tidal and freshwater wetlands are found near the waterfront and brooks. The Milton Harbor area (including the Marshlands Conservancy and Rye Golf Club), Disbrow Park and the Manursing area contain the most extensive wetlands in the City. In addition, substantial areas near the Sound, Milton Harbor, Blind Brook and Beaver Swamp Brook are within

294-539: Is a coastal community with numerous sensitive wetlands and watercourses. In 1991, the City of Rye adopted a comprehensive plan to further regulate land and water usage to protect and preserve these fragile resources. In 2010, spurred by disastrous flooding events in 2007 and other environmental concerns, the Rye Sustainability Committee (RSC) was formed and tasked with creating a plan to inform best environmental and land stewardship practices for

336-651: Is a top high school football rivalry in Westchester County. Rye High School's mascot is the "Garnets" a name given due to the abundance of the precious gem found during the school's construction. Rye schools were recently ranked #18 in New York State with "A" ratings in all aspects except diversity. The Rye train station provides commuter rail service to Grand Central Terminal in New York City or Stamford and New Haven-Union Station via

378-449: Is also a significant coastal community. In 1991, the City of Rye authored a Local Waterfront Revitalization Program (LWRP) to provide clear guidance for addressing future water conservation and preservation issues Rye has numerous private country clubs, many of which were formed in the late 19th and early 20th century. The combined acreage of these clubs affords members and guests over 993 acres of recreation. Access to recreation in Rye

420-640: Is governed by a waterfront act instituted in 1991. Located in the city are two National Historic Landmarks : the Boston Post Road Historic District was designated a National Historic Landmark by the National Park Service in 1993; its centerpiece is the Jay Estate , the childhood home and final resting place of John Jay , a Founding Father and the first Chief Justice of the United States. Playland ,

462-536: Is named for Barnet J. Segal . Construction works for the "most extensive renovation the library has seen in decades", which cost $ 372,000, began in February 2020. Ralph C. Harrison Ralph Chandler Harrison (October 22, 1833 – July 18, 1918) was an American attorney and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California from December 20, 1890, to January 5, 1903. On October 22, 1838, Harrison

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504-597: Is named in his honor. Harrison married twice. In July 1865, he married Juliet Lathrop Waite and they had two sons, both of whom became attorneys: Richard Chandler Harrison, who practiced with his father in the firm of Harrison & Harrison; and Robert Waite Harrison, an assistant district attorney. After her death in August 1890, Harrison married again in September 1892 to the younger Ella Spencer Reid in Rye, New York , at

546-818: Is plentiful with numerous public, private and shared sports facilities from tennis, to ice hockey to boating. Planning and zoning oversight is vested in several branches of the Rye government including several volunteer staffed committees like the Planning Commission, the Architectural Review Board, the Sustainability Committee, the Conservation Committee and the Landmarks Committee to name a few. The city's current Master Plan guides

588-637: Is separate from the Town of Rye , which has more land area than the city. The City of Rye, formerly the Village of Rye, was part of the Town until it received its charter as a city in 1942, making it the youngest city in the State of New York . Its population density for its 5.85 square miles of land is roughly 2,729.76/sq mi. Rye is notable for its waterfront which covers 60 percent of the city's six square miles and

630-539: The Metro-North Railroad 's New Haven Line . The Bee-Line Bus System provides bus service to Rye on routes 13 and 61 with additional seasonal service to Rye Playland on routes 75 and 91. Rye Police Department has 36 sworn police officers. The Rye Auxiliary Police is an all-volunteer force that provides assistance when needed. The Westchester County Police also patrol areas of Rye. New York State Police patrols Interstate 95 and 287, and MTA Police patrol

672-618: The Rye Neck School District . Rye Neck High School and Middle School are on one campus also located partially in the City of Rye. Rye High School has been named a Gold Medal school and the 61st-best high school in the U.S., ninth-best in New York state, and best in New York state if test-in schools are disregarded, according to U.S. News & World Report ' s 2013 "Best High Schools". The annual Rye - Harrison football game has been played for more than 80 years and

714-495: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 20.0 square miles (52 km ), of which 5.9 sq mi (15 km ) is land and 14.2 sq mi (37 km ) is water. Rye is "situated in the eastern part of central Westchester County on Long Island Sound. The western border of the City generally parallels Beaver Swamp Brook, while the eastern border is formed by Milton Harbor and

756-749: The Westchester Turnpike was configured. Rye is also home to a rare 1938 WPA mural by realist Guy Pene du Bois which is located within the city's Post Office lobby and titled John Jay at His Home. Rye is home to two of the 16 sites on the African American Heritage Trail of Westchester County - The Rye African-American Cemetery and the Jay Estate. Rye has over 454 acres of green open space with multiple types of usage from active to passive recreation including walking, hiking, bird-watching and dog walking. It

798-414: The 100 year flood hazard area, and thus subject to potential flooding." According to the City of Rye, "Considerable acreage of these important natural resources has been lost or impaired by draining, dredging, filling, excavating, building, polluting and other acts inconsistent with the natural uses of such areas. Remaining wetlands are in jeopardy of being lost, despoiled or impaired by such acts contrary to

840-466: The 19th and early 20th centuries it was a haven for wealthy Manhattanites who traveled by coach or boat to escape the city heat. Its location on Long Island Sound and numerous beaches also appealed to visitors with more moderate means who gravitated for short stays at cottages and waterfront hotels. It has an extraordinary inventory of buildings with architectural distinction that help visually articulate specific neighborhoods and districts. According to

882-403: The 2020 United States Census, there were 16,592 people living in the city. This is representative of approximately 5491 households. 74.8% have a college degree. 15.5% were over the age of 65 and 51.7% were women. 88.2% identified themselves as White alone. 1.3% identified as Black or African American alone. 6.7% identified as Hispanic or Latino. 5.6% identified as Asian alone. Rye is home to: Of

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924-666: The 43 municipalities in Westchester County in updating this "serious document". Failure to modernize the 1985 Master Plan on that schedule has produced concerns from residents about the lack of community consensus, lack of informed and coordinated regulation of development and the subsequent impacts including increased flooding and a higher than expected volume of teardowns. Other concerns include threats to historical resources, cultural resources, natural resources, sensitive coastal and environmental areas and numerous other negative repercussions on neighborhood character. Previous Master Plans for Rye were created in 1929, 1945, and in 1963. Rye

966-658: The Blind Brook. Additional findings have been made at the Jay Estate in archaeological digs conducted by Dr. Eugene Boesch and submitted to the NY State Cultural Resource Information System (CRIS). Many of Rye's unique neighborhoods are defined in the 1985 Master Plan. Many have historic significance and their preservation was signaled as important for enhancing Rye's character. They include: Proposed National Register District Local or National Register Significance As of

1008-477: The Sound. Blind Brook traverses the City from the northwest corner of Rye to Milton Harbor at the southern end." The geology and hydrology of Rye is characterized by a significant quantity of rock, marshes and wetlands which makes the city both desirably scenic but also challenging for developers. Rye's bedrock is predominantly constituted of Fordham gneiss and Harrison diorite also known as Byram Black granite. According to Rye's 1985 Master Plan, "Rye contains

1050-817: The age of 84, on July 18, 1918, at his apartment in San Francisco. Harrison was a member of the San Francisco Bar Association, and served as a trustee of the San Francisco Law Library in 1871. In January 1884, Harrison was elected a trustee of the California Academy of Sciences . In April 1896, he was named president of the board of the San Francisco Public Library . The Ralph Chandler Harrison Memorial Library in Carmel, California ,

1092-472: The area have not been updated in over 20 years Flooding has long been an issue in Rye as in other coastal towns with water coming in from Long Island Sound. The Blind Brook watershed is also a source of that flooding with significant deluges recorded in the neighborhood of Indian Village after four days of rain in October 1975. Three major weather events in just five years produced catastrophic damage in

1134-480: The bench in 1908, Harrison returned to private practice. He continued as trustee of the public and law libraries of San Francisco. In October 1917, Harrison and his wife (Ella Spencer Reid) visited Carmel-by-the-Sea and stayed at the La Playa Hotel for a few weeks. During this visit they bought the block between Camino Real and Casanova Street, south of Ninth Avenue. Harrison died after a brief illness, at

1176-467: The city that had previously flooded during Hurricane Irene were under 8–9 feet of water. Other areas around the town normally not affected by flooding were also affected. Prior to the flooding event, Rye had undergone approximately five inches of rainfall from Hurricane Henri . Two weeks later, the remnants Hurricane Ida dropped another 8–9 inches of rain in the area within a 12-hour period. Hurricane Ida remnants caused flooding in Rye nearly 10 years to

1218-531: The city. A sustainability plan was formally adopted in December 2013 Most of the city is in the Rye City School District . Rye is served by three public elementary schools: Osborn, Milton, and Midland. Rye Middle School and Rye High School are part of the same campus, and the two buildings connect. The Greenhaven and The Preserve at Rye neighborhoods of the City of Rye are served by

1260-556: The construction of a bike path along the Playland Parkway in Rye. Within just one mile of the project site, the report noted a dozen archeologically sensitive areas. The publication included supporting data from files in the repositories of NYOPRHP and the NY State Museum; it further highlighted the existence of shell middens, evidence of camp sites and at least two burial grounds. One of these documented sites included

1302-679: The country mansion of her uncle, Whitelaw Reid , later ambassador to the United Kingdom . His wife became involved with several art and literary societies in San Francisco. Harrison was a member of the Bohemian Club in 1872. Rye, New York Rye is a coastal city in Westchester County , New York , United States, located near New York City and within the New York City metropolitan area . It

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1344-536: The day from Hurricane Irene. As of 2010, seventy-five percent of the acreage in Rye or the equivalent of 3,954 acres had been determined to be archaeologically sensitive with many Indigenous and First Nations contact sites. At least two villages have been determined to have existed, one on Manursing Island and the other on today's Milton Point. The presence of Indigenous people's activities has been noted in numerous locations where implements and bones were unearthed, including an "ancient Indian burial ground, site of

1386-416: The land was originally the ancestral home of American Founding Father John Jay . It is where he grew up and where he is buried. Rye Playland is a 279-acre theme park is owned and operated by Westchester County and includes rides, games, an indoor skating rink or Ice Casino, beach, a boardwalk, and concession stands. It is one of only two amusement parks in the country with National Historic Landmark status,

1428-563: The more than 2600 National Historic Landmark (NHL) sites in the country, Rye has two: the Boston Post Road Historic District and Playland Amusement Park Both are also listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Rye also has one of the few National Historic Landmark Districts in the country. The Boston Post Road Historic District includes 5 historically significant parcels; much of

1470-497: The other one being Kennywood in Pennsylvania . It has been a popular destination since it first opened in 1928. Its wooden roller coaster, the Dragon Coaster , built in 1929, is one of the last roller coaster rides built by engineer Frederick Church that is still operating. The Derby Racer , also built by Church, is one of only three rides of its kind remaining in the world. Glenn Close 's and Ellen Latzen's characters ride

1512-516: The planning process. Also known as a Comprehensive plan , it was authored 39 years ago with an expectation that it would be updated again in 2000. Attempts to revise the 1985 document with community input as recommended in NY State's Statute on Comprehensive Planning were made in 2016 and 2017. The review, which was aimed to reflect current conditions of growth and forecast future changes, was not completed. As of 2018, Rye lagged behind almost all of

1554-421: The present Playland Casino" together with discoveries of artifacts along the shoreline, pottery, skeletons and relics along Milton Road, Disbrow Park and throughout today's Boston Post Road Historic District including Marshlands Conservancy. The presence of Indigenous people in Rye was more recently documented in a 2012 Phase IA archaeological investigation commissioned by Westchester County in connection with

1596-504: The public safety and welfare." As a result, the city has charged itself with the responsibility of "preventing the despoilation and destruction of wetlands and watercourses while taking into account varying ecological, economic, recreational and aesthetic values. Activities that may damage wetlands or watercourses should be located on upland sites in such a manner as not to degrade these systems." In 2017, Rye resident and then New York State Senator George Latimer noted that wetlands maps for

1638-464: The roller coaster in the 1980s thriller film, Fatal Attraction . Airplane Coaster , Church's most acclaimed coaster, was removed in 1957. Playland is also the setting for several key scenes in the 1988 comedy film Big , starring Tom Hanks Of the more than 88,000 sites in the country that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), Rye has 10 including the aforementioned Playland and Boston Post Road Historic District. Rye has

1680-703: The town. The city's response to these recurring hazards was to apply for funding through the NY Rising Community Reconstruction Program. Rye received $ 3,000,000 to safeguard the city against future flooding threats, upgrade its infrastructure for resiliency, identify stormwater mitigation solutions, and protect historic buildings and natural wetlands. Starting on September 1, 2021, Rye experienced another substantial flooding event. The storm lasted two days and caused significant damage to municipal facilities, businesses and residences. Areas around Indian Village and other sections of

1722-541: Was born in Cornwall, Connecticut . He attended Wesleyan University , graduating with a B.A. in 1853. After graduation, he taught mathematics and ancient languages at Armenia Seminary, New York, from 1853 to 1856, and also obtained a M.A. degree at Wesleyan in 1856. In 1857, he was elected to the Connecticut State Legislature . He then studied at Albany Law School , where he was awarded

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1764-696: Was elected to a 12-year term. In November 1902, Harrison sought a second term but lost the Republican nomination to Frank M. Angellotti . In December 1903, Harrison was named a commissioner of the California Supreme Court, replacing John Haynes. In 1905, when the new Court of Appeal was established, Governor George Pardee named Harrison as the Presiding Justice of the First District. After stepping down from

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