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50-466: (Redirected from Hi-Hat ) [REDACTED] Look up hi-hat  or high-hat in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. High hat and variants may refer to: High hat [ edit ] Top hat , a tall, flat-crowned, broad-brimmed hat, worn by men High Hat (6 String Drag album) High Hat (Boy George album) Pareques acuminatus ,

100-434: A concerto solo instrumentalist or to solo singers in opera . With choral music , the accompaniment to a vocal solo can be provided by other singers in the choir , who sing harmony parts or countermelodies . Accompaniment parts range from so simple that a beginner can play them (e.g., simple three-note triad chords in a traditional folk song) to so complex that only an advanced player or singer can perform them (e.g.,

150-435: A cymbal stack . They are associated with heavy metal music , particularly styles that use double bass drumming , a two-foot technique. By using an X-hat, a drummer who is already using both feet on the bass drum pedals can still play hi-hat. Besides traditional hi-hat cymbals (normally 14" but also commonly 13" or 15") the enormous variety of cymbals available means many of them are used as hi-hats. Drummer Thomas Lang uses

200-630: A duo (e.g., cello and piano; guitar and double bass; synthesizer and percussion); a trio (e.g., a rock power trio of electric guitar , electric bass and drum kit ; an organ trio ); a quartet (e.g., a string quartet in Classical music can accompany a solo singer ; a rock band or rhythm section in rock and pop; a jazz quartet in jazz); all the way to larger ensembles, such as concert bands , Big Bands (in jazz), pit orchestras in musical theatre ; and orchestras , which, in addition to playing symphonies , can also provide accompaniment to

250-426: A fingerpicking guitarist can play chords and a bassline simultaneously on guitar). A solo singer can accompany themself by playing guitar or piano while they sing, and in some rare cases, a solo singer can even accompany themself just using their voice and body (e.g., Bobby McFerrin ). Alternatively, the accompaniment to a vocal melody or instrumental solo can be provided by a musical ensemble , ranging in size from

300-408: A "chick". Adjusting the gap between the cymbals can alter the sound of the open hi-hat from a shimmering, sustained tone to something similar to a ride cymbal . When struck with a drumstick, the cymbals make either a short, snappy sound or a longer sustaining sandy sound depending on the position of the pedal. It can also be played just by lifting and lowering the foot to clash the cymbals together,

350-414: A conventional hi-hat stand to be closed without use of the pedal. The drop clutch is provided with a lever that can be operated by hand or struck with a drumstick. This action releases the upper hi-hat cymbal, which falls onto the bottom cymbal and remains there, with gravity then holding the hats loosely closed, and allowing them to be played by the sticks in this position. Operation of the pedal re-engages

400-438: A hi-hat made out of Bell cymbals as his secondary hi-hat. Terry Bozzio uses two China cymbals in the form of a hi-hat as a kind of distortion hi-hat. Following this principle, Sabian alongside drummer Tony Verderosa, has developed the 12" VFX distortion hi-hats, mixing a Crash cymbal on the bottom with a China on the top. In addition to the many types of hi-hat cymbals on the market, there are also non-cymbal hi-hat pedals like

450-667: A less-common alternative in professional cymbal ranges, and smaller sizes down to 12 inches (30 cm) restricted to children's kits. In the early 1970s, hard rock drummers (including Led Zeppelin 's John Bonham ) began to use 15-inch (38 cm) hi-hats, such as the Paiste Giant Beat. In the late 1980s, Zildjian released its revolutionary 12-inch (30 cm) Special Recording hats, which were small, heavy hi-hat cymbals intended for close miking either live or recording, and other manufacturers quickly followed suit, Sabian for example with their 10-inch (25 cm) mini hats. In

500-432: A modern hi-hat stand. A standard size was 10 inches (25 cm), some with heavy bells up to 5 inches (13 cm) wide. Hi-hats that were raised and could be played by hand as well as foot may have been developed around 1926 by Barney Walberg of the drum accessory company Walberg and Auge . The first recognized master of the new instrument was "Papa" Jo Jones , whose playing of timekeeping "ride" rhythms while striking

550-473: A range of dynamics, from very quiet "chck" (or "chick") sounds, done with merely gently pressing the pedal—this is suitable for soft accompaniment during a ballad or the start of a guitar solo —to very loud (e.g. striking fully open hats hard with sticks, a technique used in loud heavy metal music songs). While the term hi-hat normally refers to the entire setup (two cymbals, stand, pedal, rod mechanism), in some cases, drummers use it to refer exclusively to

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600-405: A single musician playing an instrument such as piano , pipe organ , or guitar . While any instrument can in theory be used as an accompaniment instrument, keyboard and guitar-family instruments tend to be used if there is only a single instrument, as these instruments can play chords and basslines simultaneously (chords and a bassline are easier to play simultaneously on keyboard instruments, but

650-411: A species of fish in the family Sciaenidae, also known as drums or croakers High-hat triplefin , a species of fish in the genus Enneapterygius High Hat (1927 film) , an American film directed by James Ashmore Creelman High Hat (1937 film) , an American film directed by Clifford Sanforth Hi-hat [ edit ] Hi-hat , a type of cymbal and stand, developed for and used as one of

700-418: A stand, with the two cymbals facing each other. The bottom cymbal is fixed and the top is mounted on a rod which moves the top cymbal toward the bottom one when the pedal is depressed (a hi-hat that is in this position is said to be "closed" or "closed hi-hats"). The hi-hat evolved from a "sock cymbal", a pair of similar cymbals mounted at ground level on a hinged, spring-loaded foot apparatus. Drummers invented

750-410: A style commonly used to accent beats 2 and 4 in jazz music. In rock music, the hi-hats are commonly struck every beat, or on beats 1 and 3, while the cymbals are held together. The drummer can control the sound by foot pressure. Less pressure allows the cymbals to rub together more freely, giving both greater sustain and greater volume for accent or crescendo. In shuffle time , a rhythm known as "cooking"

800-442: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages hi-hat A hi-hat ( hihat , high-hat , etc.) is a combination of two cymbals and a pedal, all mounted on a metal stand. It is a part of the standard drum kit used by drummers in many styles of music including rock , pop , jazz , and blues . Hi-hats consist of a matching pair of small to medium-sized cymbals mounted on

850-428: Is important for many types of musicians, it is essential for professional accompanists. In auditions for musical theater and orchestras, an accompanist will often have to sight read music. A number of classical pianists have found success as accompanists rather than soloists; arguably the best known example is Gerald Moore , well known as a Lieder accompanist. In some American schools, the term collaborative piano

900-488: Is often employed. To produce this the cymbals are struck twice in rapid succession, being held closed on the first stroke and allowed to open just before the second, then allowed to ring before being closed with a chick to complete the pattern (the cymbals may or may not be struck on the chick). A right-handed drummer will normally play the hi-hat pedal with his left foot, and may use one or both drumsticks. The traditional hi-hat rhythms of rock and jazz were produced by crossing

950-472: Is used, and hence, the title "collaborative pianist" (or collaborative artist) is replacing the title accompanist, because in many art songs and contemporary classical music songs, the piano part is complex and demands an advanced level of musicianship and technique. The term accompanist also refers to a musician (typically a pianist) who plays for singers, dancers, and other performers at an audition or rehearsal —but who does not necessarily participate in

1000-743: The Latin Percussion Shekere hi-hat, the Remo Spoxe hi-hats created by Terry Bozzio in the late 80s, the Factory Metal Hat Crasherz or the Baldman Percussion Junk Hats. These kinds of percussion offer different textures in addition to the main hi-hat pedal on the drum kit and also options to expand the kit's pedal row. When struck closed or played with the pedal, the hi-hat gives a short, crisp, muted percussive sound, referred to as

1050-544: The K Custom Session Hats where the top hat is a 1 ⁄ 16 inch (1.6 mm) smaller than the bottom). Max Roach was particularly known for using a 15-inch (38 cm) top with a 14-inch (36 cm) bottom. Other recent developments include the X-hat (fixed, closed, or half-open hi-hats) and cable-controlled or remote hi-hats. Sabian introduced the Triple Hi-Hat, designed by Peter Kuppers. In this variation of

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1100-559: The Sizzle Touch Drop Clutch. This clutch when dropped, allows the distance between the top and bottom cymbals to be adjusted via an adjustment bolt on top of the clutch. To return the clutch to functioning as a standard one, the drummer depresses the hi-hat stand's pedal. A less common alternative is the locking hi-hat pedal, such as the Tama "Cobra Clutch". This and similar high-end locking pedals do allow for control over

1150-596: The accompaniment instrumentalists often improvise their accompaniment, either based on a lead sheet or chord chart which indicates the chords used in the song or piece (e.g., C Major, d minor, G7, or Nashville Numbers or Roman numerals, such as I, ii, V7, etc.) or by " playing by ear ". To achieve a stylistic correct sound the accompaniment pattern should remind or imitate the original version using similar rhythms and patterns. Chord-playing musicians (e.g., those playing guitar , piano , Hammond organ , etc.) can improvise chords, "fill-in" melodic lines and solos from

1200-436: The accompaniment playing during the rests of the lead and providing a drone or silence during the main melody or vocal . The accompaniment instrumentalists and/or singers can be provided with a fully notated accompaniment part written or printed on sheet music . This is the norm in Classical music and in most large ensemble writing (e.g., orchestra , pit orchestra , choir ). In popular music and traditional music ,

1250-588: The chord chart. It is rare for chords to be fully written out in music notation in pop and traditional music. Some guitarists, bassists and other stringed instrumentalists read accompaniment parts using tabulature (or "tab"), a notation system which shows the musician where on the instrument to play the notes. Drummers can play accompaniment by following the lead sheet, a sheet music part in music notation, or by playing by ear. In pop and traditional music, bass players, which may be upright bass or electric bass , or another instrument, such as bass synth , depending on

1300-420: The clutch and allows the player to resume normal playing. Drop clutches were developed to allow players using double bass drum pedals to play closed hi-hats without needing to operate the hi-hat pedal, and this remains their primary application. As it relies on gravity to close the cymbals, the drop clutch gives the player no control over the tension holding them together, and supplies only minimal tension. On

1350-555: The early to mid-1990s, Paiste offered 8-inch (20 cm) mini hi-hats as part of its Visions series, which were among the world's smallest hi-hats. Starting in the 1980s, a number of manufacturers also experimented with rivets in the lower cymbal. But by the end of the 1990s, the standard size was again 14 inches (36 cm), with 13 inches (33 cm) a less-common alternative, and smaller hats mainly used for special sounds. Rivets in hi-hats failed to catch on. Modern hi-hat cymbals are much heavier than modern crash cymbals, reflecting

1400-400: The ensemble that plays for the final performance (which might be an orchestra or a big band ). An accompaniment figure is a musical gesture used repeatedly in an accompaniment, such as: Notated accompaniment may be indicated obbligato (obliged) or ad libitum (at one's pleasure). Dialogue accompaniment is a form of call and response in which the lead and accompaniment alternate,

1450-456: The first sock cymbals to enable one drummer to play multiple percussion instruments at the same time. Over time these became mounted on short stands—also known as "low-boys"—and activated by pedals similar to those used in modern hi-hats. When extended upward roughly 3 feet (76 cm) they were originally known as "high sock" cymbals, which evolved over time to the familiar "high-hat" term. The cymbals may be played by closing them together with

1500-444: The gap between cymbals when open. Standard terminology has evolved. Open and closed hi-hat refer to notes struck while the two cymbals are apart or together (open or closed), while pedal hi-hat refers to parts or notes played solely with the pedal used to strike the two cymbals. Most cymbal patterns consist of both open and closed notes. Some hi-hats allow the tripod to be tilted or rotated. Another configuration omits

1550-516: The hands over, so the right stick would play the hi-hat while the left played the snare drum below it, but this is not universal. Some top modern drummers like Billy Cobham , Carter Beauford , Shawn Drover and Simon Phillips , play open handed , striking with their left. Some, such as Kenny Aronoff , and Jason Finn of The Presidents of the United States of America , use both techniques. Some drum kits may also include an extra hi-hat on

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1600-611: The hi-hat as it opened and closed inspired the innovation of the ride cymbal . Another claim, published in Jazz Profiles Blogspot on 8 August 2008, to the invention of the hi-hat is attributed to drummer William "O'Neil" Spencer (b.1909-d.1944). Legendary Jazz drummer "Philly Joe Jones" (born as Joseph Rudolph Jones, b.1923-d.1985) was quoted describing his understanding about the hi-hat history. Jones said, "I really dug O'Neil. He came to club in Philadelphia where I

1650-439: The hi-hat, including Jo Jones, but also Kaiser Marshall. Not to take away from Papa Jones accomplishments in drumming style and technique, a 2013 Modern Drummer article credits Papa Jones with being the first to use brushes on drums and shifting time keeping from the bass drum to the hi-hat (providing a "swing-pulse focus"). Until the late 1960s, standard hi-hats were 14 inches (36 cm), with 13 inches (33 cm) available as

1700-430: The hi-hat, the top cymbal moves down and the bottom cymbal moves up simultaneously while the middle cymbal remains stationary. Drop-clutches are also used to lock and release hi-hats while both feet are in use playing double bass drums. The standard hi-hat features two cymbals mounted on a stand consisting of a mating metal tube and rod supported by a tripod and linked to a pedal. The stationary bottom cymbal sits atop

1750-399: The other hand, if the player manually lowers the top cymbal of a standard hi-hat stand before playing, this allows any desired tension to be set, and the pedal can still be used to increase the tension while playing, but not to open the hats or to reduce the tension. Some drummers prefer this technique and reject the drop clutch as too limiting to the sounds available. In 2020, Tama introduced

1800-406: The pedal, which creates a "chck" sound or striking them with a stick, which may be done with them open, closed, open and then closed after striking to dampen the ring, or closed and then opened to create a shimmering effect at the end of the note. Depending on how hard a hi-hat is struck and whether it is "open" (i.e., pedal not pressed, so the two cymbals are not closed together), a hi-hat can produce

1850-483: The piano parts in Schubert 's Lieder art songs from the 19th century or vocal parts from a Renaissance music motet ). An accompanist is a musician who plays an accompaniment part. Accompanists often play keyboard instruments (e.g., piano , pipe organ , synthesizer ) or, in folk music and traditional styles, a guitar . While sight-reading (the ability to play a notated piece of music without preparing it)

1900-404: The right for right-handed players. This is shown when drums or cymbals in the middle of the set are played with the hi-hat rhythm. The technique is common with metal genres, such as Lars Ulrich of Metallica and Mike Portnoy of Dream Theater . In both rock and jazz, the drummer will often move the same stick pattern between the hi-hat cymbal and the ride cymbal, for example using the hi-hat in

1950-413: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title High hat . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=High_hat&oldid=1083826737 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

2000-439: The snare drum is played. In much hip-hop , the hi-hat is hit with drumsticks in a simple eighth-note pattern, although this playing is usually done by a drum machine or from an old recording from which the sound of a hi-hat is recorded and loaded into a sampler or similar recording-enabled equipment from which it is triggered. Accompaniment The accompaniment for a vocal melody or instrumental solo can be played by

2050-407: The snare. Phil Rudd of AC/DC also uses distinct hi-hat techniques, which include very heavily accentuating the hi-hat hit on each beat and softer in between. Charlie Watts of The Rolling Stones used a technique in which he did not play the hi-hat in unison with the snare drum at all. If playing a standard 8th note pattern, he would play the hi-hat on 1 and 3 and not play it on 2 and 4 where

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2100-724: The standard components of a drum kit Hi hat (photography) , a type of fixed tripod Hi-Hat (choreographer) , choreographer of hip-hop dance from New York City Hi Hat, Kentucky , an unincorporated community in Floyd County, Kentucky, United States Hi-Hat (venue) , a performance hall in Boston at which the Jazz at the Hi-Hat album by Sonny Stitt was recorded Hihat [ edit ] Nihad Hihat (born 1995), Algerian volleyball player Stanley Hihat Topics referred to by

2150-427: The style of music, are usually expected to be able to improvise a bassline from a chord chart or learn the song from a recording. In some cases, an arranger or composer may give a bassist a bass part that is fully written out in music notation . In. some arranged music parts, there is a mix of written-out accompaniment and improvisation. For example, in a big band bass part, the introduction and melody ("head") to

2200-427: The tension. It is engaged by pressing a lock pedal separate from the main pedal. A cable hat or remote hat uses a cable to allow hi-hat cymbals to be positioned independently of the pedal. Operation is otherwise normal. An X-hat is an adapter to allow a pair of hi-hat cymbals to be mounted in a closed position on a cymbal stand. There is no pedal, the hats are simply kept closed at a constant tension, similar to

2250-651: The trend to lighter and thinner crash cymbals as well as to heavier hi-hats. Another evolution is that a pair of hi-hat cymbals may not be identical, with the bottom often heavier than the top , and possibly vented. Some examples are Sabian 's Fusion Hats with holes in the bottom cymbal, and the Sabian X-cellerator, Zildjian Master Sound and Zildjian Quick Beats, Paiste Sound Edge, and Meinl Soundwave. Some drummers even use completely mismatched hi-hats from different cymbal ranges (Zildjian's K/Z hats), of different manufacturers, and even of different sizes (similar to

2300-406: The tripod and attaches the stand to the side of the bass drum, particular suitable for kits with very large or double bass drums. The standard clutch uses a knurled collar partially threaded below the cymbal and a pair of knurled rings above it. The collar is tightened against the end of the thread, while the rings are tightened against each other. A drop clutch allows a pair of hats mounted on

2350-400: The tube, typically parallel to the ground, but is often fitted with an adjustment screw allowing it to be set slightly tilted. The top cymbal is mounted bell up on the rod and closed against the bottom by foot pressure on the pedal. An integrated clutch assembly includes a spring which may be adjusted to set resistance, which also varies rate and tension of return, as well as an adjustment for

2400-401: The two cymbals themselves. Initial versions of the hi-hat were called clangers, which were small cymbals mounted onto a bass drum rim and struck with an arm on the bass drum pedal . Then came shoes, which were two hinged boards with cymbals on the ends that were clashed together. Next was the low-sock, low-boy or low-hat, pedal-activated cymbals employing an ankle-high apparatus similar to

2450-427: The verses and the ride in the chorus of a song, or using the ride to accompany a lead break or other instrumental solo. Roger Taylor , drummer for the band Queen , plays with many unique hi-hat techniques, including opening of the hi-hat on every backbeat for a rhythm emphasis and leaving the hi-hat slightly open when hitting the snare. His trademark hi-hat beat is opening the hi-hat on first and third before hitting

2500-409: Was working in 1943, I think it was, and talked to me about the hi-hat. I was using a foot cymbal, the low-hat. O'Neil was the one who invented the hi-hat. I believe that, man. He suggested I close the hat on '2' and '4' when playing 4/4 time. The idea seemed so right hadn't heard anyone do that before." The editor of the 2008 Jazz Profiles article made specific mention to others who are thought to invent

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