The Huai River , formerly romanized as the Hwai , is a major river in East China , about 1,110 km (690 mi) long with a drainage area of 174,000 km (67,000 sq mi). It is located about midway between the Yellow River and Yangtze River , the two longest rivers and largest drainage basins in China. Historically draining eastwards directly into the Yellow Sea , erosion from floods have changed the course of the river such that it now primarily discharges into the Yangtze. The Huai River is, to this day, notoriously vulnerable to flooding.
20-475: Hui River (also pronounced as Kuai River), traditionally known as Huan River or Baohui River, was a major tributary of Huai River in northern China. Currently, it flows into the Huai-Hong New Canal , a constructed flood control waterway connecting Huaiyuan and Hongze Lake . The starting point of Hui River is the ancient Honggou Canal (鸿沟), which has a great historical significance because it
40-603: A broad and level lower course. It was long used to irrigate the surrounding farmlands, and was the center of an extensive network of canals and tributaries. Beginning in 1194, however, the Yellow River to the north repeatedly changed its course southwards to run into the Huai River. The resulting silting was so heavy that after the Yellow River changed back to its northerly course for the most recent time in 1897,
60-531: A quadrangle connecting those inland rivers, which as a whole is an irrigation system. A parallel canal to the north, the Huai river estuarial canal [ zh ] , aims to direct more water to the sea. The canal was first built between 1934 and 1937 to divert part of the Huai River, which from time to time catastrophically flooded its surrounding region. In 1938, the Japanese destroyed many dams, which caused
80-821: The Huai River (listed from upstream to downstream) are as follows: North Jiangsu Main Irrigation Canal The North Jiangsu Main Irrigation Canal ( simplified Chinese : 苏北 灌溉 总 渠 ; traditional Chinese : 蘇北灌溉總渠 ; pinyin : Sūběi Guàngài Zǒng Qú ) (often called the Subei Canal ) is located in the lower reaches of the Huai River , one of the major rivers in the north of Jiangsu Province , China. It originates at Gaoliangjian on Hongze Lake and runs through Hongze, Qingpu, Huai'an , Funing, Sheyang and Binghai county(or district) and joins
100-453: The Huai River drainage basin , insisted on carrying out the whole project because he knew how people suffered from flood and waterlogging in his hometown. In 1950 the inundation was particularly serious. Chairman Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai instructed relevant departments to work out a plan to regulate water conservancy. In 1951, Zhou Enlai held a conference on the project. Li Baohua, undersecretary of Ministry of Water Resources, reported
120-679: The Huai River and the Qin Mountains , is sometimes regarded as the geographical dividing line between northern and southern China . This line approximates the 0 °C (32 °F) January isotherm and the 800 millimeters (30 in) isohyet in China. The Huai River originates in Tongbai Mountain in Henan province . It flows through southern Henan, northern Anhui , and northern Jiangsu where it pools into Lake Hongze . Nowadays
140-864: The Huai River system with the Xinyi River (part of the Yishusi River system) which exits into the sea at Guanyun in Lianyungang . In part to circumvent flooding, in Jiangsu province the Huai River system is interconnected with different waterways and thereby forms part of the Grand Canal . Historically, the Huai River entered the Yellow Sea at Yunti Pass (modern day Yunti Village, in Huangwei Town of Xiangshui County ) through
160-724: The Huai River then runs southwards as the Sanhe River by way of the Gaoyou Lake and Shaobo Lake , emptying into the Yangtze River at Sanjiangying (三江营) near Yangzhou . There is also a passage called the Huaihe Sea Entryway and Subei Irrigation Canal that passes Huai'an and empties into the sea at Biandan Port. A separate course runs north by way of the Huaimu River and Huai Shu River and connects
180-475: The Lixiahe area and the area north of the main canal. The canal also has provides for ship navigation and electricity generation. In Gaoliangjian, on the northern canal, and Buning hydroelectric power generators and ship locks have been built near sluices. In total there are 36 culverts, 2 flood-release sluices and 4 road bridges associated with the main canal. A cross sluice was also built at Gaoliangjian between
200-594: The Yellow River to flow into the Huai. The region was very severely flooded and the canal was largely destroyed. After the Chinese Civil War , the government wanted to rebuild the canal for flood management. During the planning of this project China had entered the Korean War , which meant that the government did not have the economic resources to fund this project. However, Premier Zhou Enlai , who came from
220-530: The area suffering droughts in between floods. In the 450 years to 1950, the Huai River saw, on average, 94 major floods per century. Attempts to solve the Huai River's problems have focused on building outlets for the Huai River into the Yangtze River and the sea. Currently, the major part of the river's flow enters the Yangtze River via Lake Hongze. The North Jiangsu Main Irrigation Canal also diverts some of its water along its old historical course to
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#1732764967314240-473: The artificial estuary of Biandan Harbour. The canal is 168 km in length and can irrigate 1,720,000 hectares of farmland. The construction program was organized and directed by the headquarters of the Jiangsu Huai River management program between October 1951 and May 1952. There are three main canals related to the main irrigation canal. The first is the famous Grand Canal which goes through
260-486: The flood discharge of lower reaches of Huai River. It was designed to transfer water at a speed of 5000 stere per second. On the north side of the main canal, a drainage canal was built to drain the flood areas north of the main canal. The Canal can discharge floodwaters at a speed of 800 stere per second. When the water volumes in the north area of the main canal gets more serious, the Canal can help drain this area to discharge
280-533: The floods. Alongside the main canal there have been built the Gaoliangjian intake sluice , the east canal diversion sluice, the Funing Waist gate and Liuduo tidal sluice. The Canal also irrigates north Jiangsu and the Lixiahe area, bringing water from Hongze Lake to irrigate land along the southern part of the Yellow River basin. It was planned to irrigate more than 3,600,000 mu of farmland of both
300-576: The geography of the Huai River basin was changed significantly by the creation of new high lands, lakes, and the built-up silt of the Yellow River's historical southern course. As a result, water from the midsection of the river could not easily flow into the lower section, while water in the lower section could not find an outlet to the sea. The problem worsened in the Second World War , when the Nationalist government, in an attempt to check
320-495: The pace of the Japanese invasion, flooded the lower Huai basin by opening the Yellow River's southern levee. The main stem of the Yellow River flowed through the levee breach for the next nine years, further disrupting the Huai river system. The result of these changes was that water from the Huai River pooled up into Lake Hongze , and then ran southwards towards the Yangtze River. Major and minor floods occurred frequently, with
340-415: The researches of his group and proposed a project plan. Zhou Enlai approved and supported the plan. On November 2, 1951, the project was put into practice. More than 1,190,000 civilian workers participated this project. The North Jiangsu Main Irrigation Canal is a multi-purpose project for flood control, irrigation and power generation. The canal is one of the flood-relief canals and contributes greatly to
360-416: The sea, and is planned to be upgraded with a new parallel channel. Several former tributaries also carry some water to the sea. There are many tributaries of the Huai River. There are 15 main tributaries cover an area of more than 2,000 square kilometers (770 sq mi) each, and 21 main tributaries have a catchment area larger than 1,000 square kilometers (390 sq mi). The main tributaries on
380-646: The western part of north Jiangsu and crosses the Subei canal. It is called “the west main canal”. The second is the Chuanchang River. The main irrigation canal and Chuangyang River form a “T” junction called “east main canal”. The third is the Tongyang Canal, which lies in the southern part of north Jiangsu. It connects the start and ending points. This is called the “south main canal”. The North Jiangsu Main Irrigation Canal and these three main canals form
400-481: Was the border between territories controlled by Liu Bang and Xiang Yu during the Chu-Han Contention (206 - 202 BCE). The river is mainly recharged by rainwater and groundwater. The river is heavily polluted by wastewater from nearby towns. This article related to a river in China is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Huai River The Qinling–Huaihe Line , formed by
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