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16-465: The compilers generate code for IA-32 and Intel 64 processors and certain non-Intel but compatible processors, such as certain AMD processors. A specific release of the compiler (11.1) remains available for development of Linux-based applications for IA-64 ( Itanium 2 ) processors. On Windows, it is known as Intel Visual Fortran. On macOS and Linux, it is known as Intel Fortran. In 2020 the existing compiler

32-499: A segment in protected mode , and the translation of segmented addresses to 32-bit linear addresses. The designers took the opportunity to make other improvements as well. Some of the most significant changes (relative to the 16-bit 286 instruction set) are: VTune VTune Profiler (formerly VTune Amplifier ) is a performance analysis tool for x86-based machines running Linux or Microsoft Windows operating systems. Many features work on both Intel and AMD hardware, but

48-563: A version of the program that more closely represents the source code. This includes loop interchange , loop fusion , loop unrolling , loop distribution , data prefetch, and more. The Intel Fortran Compiler Classic fully supports Fortran through the 2018 standard. The Intel Fortran Compiler (Beta) supports full Fortran 77/90/95 and has partial support of the Fortran 2003 standard. The compilers are available standalone from Intel and from APT and Yum repositories. They are also available in

64-458: Is actually used. This is in contrast to IPO which optimizes applications according to the logical flow of the application independent of workloads. The two can be combined to provide workload-based optimizations within which the logical-flow is optimized. Thus, all optimizations can benefit from profile-guided feedback because they are less reliant on heuristics when making compilation decisions. High-level optimizations are optimizations performed on

80-530: Is done on Windows using the Visual Studio debugger, and on Linux using gdb. While the Intel compiler can generate a gprof-compatible profiling output, Intel also provides a kernel-level, system-wide statistical profiler as a separate product called VTune . VTune features an easy-to-use GUI (integrated into Visual Studio for Windows, Eclipse for Linux) as well as a command-line interface. In addition to

96-553: Is still sometimes referred to as the "i386" architecture. In some other contexts, certain iterations of the IA-32 ISA are sometimes labelled i486 , i586 and i686 , referring to the instruction supersets offered by the 80486 , the P5 and the P6 microarchitectures respectively. These updates offered numerous additions alongside the base IA-32 set including floating-point capabilities and

112-400: Is the 32-bit version of the x86 instruction set architecture , designed by Intel and first implemented in the 80386 microprocessor in 1985. IA-32 is the first incarnation of x86 that supports 32-bit computing; as a result, the "IA-32" term may be used as a metonym to refer to all x86 versions that support 32-bit computing. Within various programming language directives, IA-32

128-526: The Debian Linux distribution. In spite of IA-32's name (and causing some potential confusion), the 64-bit evolution of x86 that originated out of AMD would not be known as "IA-64", that name instead belonging to Intel's Itanium architecture . The primary defining characteristic of IA-32 is the availability of 32-bit general-purpose processor registers (for example, EAX and EBX), 32-bit integer arithmetic and logical operations, 32-bit offsets within

144-512: The MMX extensions . Intel was historically the largest manufacturer of IA-32 processors, with the second biggest supplier having been AMD . During the 1990s, VIA , Transmeta and other chip manufacturers also produced IA-32 compatible processors (e.g. WinChip ). In the modern era, Intel still produced IA-32 processors under the Intel Quark microcontroller platform until 2019; however, since

160-935: The "Description of Packaging" below) the compiler can also automatically generate Message Passing Interface calls for distributed memory multiprocessing from OpenMP directives. For more information on Fortran standards, a number or resources are available, such as the Misplaced Pages Fortran entry or the Fortran wiki page. The Intel Fortran package included the Intel Array Visualizer, a visualization tool for scientific formats such as FITS and netCDF , which can produce x-y plots, contour plots, and image plots, and save them to other formats. Intel compilers are optimized for computer systems using processors that support Intel architectures. They are designed to minimize stalls and to produce code that executes in

176-512: The 2000s, the majority of manufacturers (Intel included) moved almost exclusively to implementing CPUs based on the 64-bit variant of x86, x86-64 . x86-64, by specification, offers legacy operating modes that operate on the IA-32 ISA for backwards compatibility. Even given the contemporary prevalence of x86-64, as of today, IA-32 protected mode versions of many modern operating systems are still maintained, e.g. Microsoft Windows (until Windows 10 ), Windows Server (until Windows Server 2008 ) and

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192-453: The Intel oneAPI HPC Toolkit which includes other build tools, such as libraries, and analysis tools for error checking and performance analysis. Containers with the compilers are on Docker Hub. The Intel compiler provides debugging information that is standard for the common debuggers ( DWARF 2 on Linux, similar to gdb , and COFF for Windows). The flags to compile with debugging information are /Zi on Windows and -g on Linux. Debugging

208-661: The VTune profiler, there is Intel Advisor that specializes in vectorization optimization and tools for threading design and prototyping. Intel also offers a tool for memory and threading error detection called Intel Inspector XE. Regarding memory errors, it helps detect memory leaks , memory corruption, allocation/de-allocation of API mismatches and inconsistent memory API usage. Regarding threading errors, it helps detect data races (both heap and stack), deadlocks and thread and synch API errors. IA-32 IA-32 (short for " Intel Architecture, 32-bit ", commonly called i386 )

224-405: The entire program. Regarding profile-guided optimization , the compiler generates a dataset of performance-related information from using the application with representative workloads, which it then analyzes to find which parts of the application are executed more and less frequently. The compiler uses these data to organize application execution to optimize performance based on how the application

240-445: The fewest possible number of cycles. Intel Fortran Compilers support three separate high-level techniques for optimizing the compiled program: interprocedural optimization (IPO), profile-guided optimization (PGO), and other high-level optimizations (HLO). Interprocedural optimization applies typical compiler optimizations (such as constant propagation) but uses a broader scope that may include multiple procedures, multiple files, or

256-534: Was renamed “Intel Fortran Compiler Classic” (ifort) and a new Intel Fortran Compiler for oneAPI (ifx) supporting GPU offload was introduced. The 2021 release of the Classic compiler adds full Fortran support through the 2018 standard, full OpenMP* 4.5, and Initial Open MP 5.1 for CPU only. The 2021 beta compiler focuses on OpenMP for GPU Offload. When used with the Intel OneAPI HPC toolkit (see

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