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39-782: Izvestia (Russian: Известия , IPA: [ɪzˈvʲesʲtʲɪjə] , "The News") is a daily broadsheet newspaper in Russia . Founded in February 1917, Izvestia , which covered foreign relations , was the organ of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union , disseminating official state propaganda. It is now described as a "national newspaper" of Russia. The word izvestiya in Russian means "bring news" or "tidings", " herald " (an official messenger bringing news), derived from

78-463: A 1712 tax was imposed on newspapers based on their page counts. However, larger formats had long been signs of status in printed objects and still are in many places. Outside of Britain the broadsheet developed for other reasons unrelated to the British tax structure including style and authority. With the early mechanization of the 19th century came an increased production of printed materials including

117-529: A 46-inch (120 cm) web, producing an 11 + 1 ⁄ 2 -inch (29 cm) inch page width. Newsprint is generally made by a mechanical milling process , without the chemical processes that are often used to remove lignin from the pulp. The lignin causes the paper to become brittle and yellow when exposed to air or sunlight. Traditionally, newsprint was made from fibers extracted from various softwood species of trees (most commonly, spruce , fir , balsam fir or pine ). However, an increasing percentage of

156-461: A case, the newsprint may be purchased by the printer on behalf of an advertiser or a weekly newspaper publisher, or it may be purchased by the client and then ordered to be shipped to the printer's location. The biggest inputs to the newsprint manufacturing process are energy, fiber, and labor. Mill operating margins have been significantly affected in the 2006–2008 time-frame by rising energy costs. Many mills' fiber costs have also been affected during

195-468: A sample of his paper to Halifax's top newspaper , the Acadian Recorder , where he had written a letter on his newly invented paper saying: Messrs. English & Blackadar, Enclosed is a small piece of paper , the result of an experiment I have made, in order to ascertain if that useful article might not be manufactured from wood . The result has proved that opinion to be correct, for—by

234-505: A specific mill's business may depend on local infrastructure issues, as well as the degree of truck-vs-freight competition in the mill's region. The appropriate freight mode for delivery from a mill to a specific pressroom can also depend on the press room ability to accept enough trucks or rail cars. A newspaper roll's width is called its web width and is defined by how many front pages it can print. A full roll prints four front pages with four back pages behind it (two front and back on each of

273-462: A traditional tabloid) on 12 September 2005. In June 2017, the Guardian announced it would again change the format to tabloid size – the first tabloid edition was published on 15 January 2018. The main motivation cited for this shift was that commuters prefer papers that they can hold easily on public transport and that other readers also might find the smaller formats more convenient. In

312-635: A typical weekday was 52.3 million (53.2 million on Sundays), compared with 62.5 million in 1986 (58.9 million on Sundays) and 57.0 million in 1996 (60.8 million on Sundays). According to NAA, daily ad revenues (not adjusted for inflation) reached their all-time peak in 2000, and by 2007 had fallen by 13%. Newsprint demand has also been affected by attempts on the part of newspaper publishers to reduce marginal printing costs through various conservation measures intended to cut newsprint usage. While demand has been trending down in North America in recent years,

351-512: A water delivery is appropriate. (Aside from delivery cost, another consideration in selecting freight mode may be the potential for avoiding damage to the product.) All things being equal, for domestic shipments in areas like North America or Europe where modern road and rail networks are readily available, trucks can be more economical than rail for short-haul deliveries (a day or less from the mill), while rail may be more economical for longer shipments. The cost-competitiveness of each freight mode for

390-508: Is called its web. The now-common 11-inch-wide front page broadsheet newspapers in the United States use a 44-inch web newsprint roll. With profit margins narrowing for newspapers in the wake of competition from broadcast, cable television, and the internet, newspapers are looking to standardize the size of the newsprint roll. The Wall Street Journal with its 12-inch-wide front page was printed on 48-inch web newsprint. Early adopters in

429-434: Is favored by publishers and printers as it is relatively low cost (compared with paper grades used for glossy magazines and sales brochures ), strong (to run through modern high-speed web printing presses) and can accept four-color printing at qualities that meet the needs of typical newspapers. Charles Fenerty began experimenting with wood pulp around 1838, making his discovery in 1844. On October 26, 1844, Fenerty took

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468-612: Is most obvious on the front page since tabloids tend to have a single story dominated by a headline, and broadsheets allow two or more stories to be displayed of which the most important sit at the top of the page " above the fold ." A few newspapers, though, such as the German Bild-Zeitung and others throughout Central Europe are tabloids in terms of content but use the physical broadsheet format. In 2003, The Independent started concurrent production of both broadsheet and tabloid (" compact ") editions, carrying exactly

507-507: Is used worldwide in the printing of newspapers, flyers, and other printed material intended for mass distribution. In the U.S., about 80% of all newsprint that is consumed is purchased by daily newspaper publishers, according to PPPC. Dailies use a large majority of total demand in most other regions as well. Newsprint is also used for cheap books, such as the Dutch Bulkboeken , affordable reprints of literary classics published from

546-619: The European Union accused the newspaper of spreading propaganda and placed it on its sanctions list. [REDACTED] Media related to Izvestia at Wikimedia Commons Broadsheet A broadsheet is the largest newspaper format and is characterized by long vertical pages, typically of 22.5 inches (57 cm). Other common newspaper formats include the smaller Berliner and tabloid – compact formats. Many broadsheets measure roughly 28 by 22 + 3 ⁄ 4  in (711 by 578 mm) per full broadsheet spread, twice

585-533: The Reports of Soviets of Peoples' Deputies of the USSR ). The Izvestia Trophy ice hockey tournament was named after the newspaper between 1969 and 1996. Nedelya was the weekend supplement of Izvestia. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union , Izvestia now describes itself as a "national newspaper" of Russia. The newspaper was owned by a vast holding company of Vladimir Potanin which had close ties with

624-504: The 1970s on. Typically in North America, newsprint is purchased by a daily newspaper publisher and is shipped from the mill to the publisher's pressroom or pressrooms, where it is used to print the main body of the newspaper (called the run-of-press, or ROP, sections). The daily newspaper publisher may also be hired by outside companies such as advertisers or publishers of weekly newspapers or other daily newspapers to produce printed products for those companies using its presses. In such cases

663-518: The Kremlin would be riled by the explicit photographs of the massacre published by Izvestia . As of 2005, the circulation of Izvestia was 240,967. Its 2007 circulation certified by TNS Gallup Media was 371,000 copies. Until his death on 1 October 2008, the chief artist was Boris Yefimov , the centenarian illustrator who had worked as Joseph Stalin 's political cartoonist. In 2008, Gazprom Media sold Izvestia to National Media Group . In May 2024,

702-986: The Montreal-based Pulp & Paper Products Council (PPPC). This was about 1.6% less than in 2000. Between 2000 and 2006, the biggest changes were in Asia —which saw newsprint demand grow by about 20%—and North America , where demand fell by about 25%. Demand in China virtually doubled during the period, to about 3.2 million metric tonnes. About 35% of global newsprint usage in 2006 was in Asia, with approximately 26% being in North America and about 25% in Western Europe. Latin America and Eastern Europe each represented about 5% of world demand in 2006, according to PPPC, with smaller shares going to Oceania and Africa. Among

741-527: The U.S. housing market slowdown of 2007–8 by the shutdown of many sawmills, particularly in Canada, since the virgin fiber used by mills generally comes from nearby sawmills in the form of wood chips produced as a residual product of the saw milling process. Another consideration in the newsprint business is delivery, which is affected by energy cost trends. Newsprint around the world may be delivered by rail or truck; or by barge, container or break-bulk shipment if

780-547: The United States, The Wall Street Journal made headlines when it announced its overseas version would convert to a tabloid on 17 October 2005. Strong debate occurred in the US on whether or not the rest of the national papers will or even should follow the trend of the European papers and The Wall Street Journal . The Wall Street Journal overseas edition switched back to a broadsheet format in 2015. Newsprint Newsprint

819-471: The advantage of being easier to handle, particularly among commuters. In some countries, especially Australia , Canada , the UK, and the US, broadsheet newspapers are commonly perceived to be more intellectual in content than their tabloid counterparts. They tend to use their greater size to publish stories exploring topics in-depth and carry less sensationalist and celebrity -oriented material. The distinction

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858-534: The biggest factors depressing demand for newsprint in North America have been the decline in newspaper readership among many sectors of the population—particularly young adults—along with increasing competition for advertising business from the Internet and other media. According to the Newspaper Association of America , a United States newspaper trade group, average U.S. daily circulation in 2006 on

897-409: The blending of broadsides and newspapers, creating the modern broadsheet newspaper . Modern printing facilities most efficiently print broadsheet sections in multiples of eight pages (with four front pages and four back pages). The broadsheet is then cut in half during the process. Thus, the newsprint rolls used are defined by the width necessary to print four front pages. The width of a newsprint roll

936-503: The broadside, as well as the competing penny dreadful . Newspapers all over Europe were then starting to print their issues on broadsheets. However, in the United Kingdom, the main competition for the broadside was the gradual reduction of the newspaper tax, beginning in the 1830s until its eventual dismissal in 1855. With the increased production of newspapers and literacy, the demand for visual reporting and journalists led to

975-468: The curious. I remain, Gentlemen, your obdt. servant, The Acadian Recorder Halifax, N.S. Saturday, October 26, 1844 The web of paper is placed on the printer, in the form of a roll of paper, from a paper mill (surplus newsprint can also be cut into individual sheets by a processor for use in a variety of other applications such as wrapping or commercial printing). World demand of newsprint in 2006 totaled about 37.2 million metric tonnes, according to

1014-442: The downsizing of broadsheets used a 50-inch web ( 12 + 1 ⁄ 2 -inch front pages). However, the 48-inch web is now rapidly becoming the definitive standard in the U.S. The New York Times held out on the downsizing until July 2006, saying it would stick to its 54-inch web ( 13 + 1 ⁄ 2 -inch front page). However, the paper adopted the narrower format beginning Monday, 6 August 2007. The smaller newspapers also have

1053-525: The front page "half of a broadsheet" size, rather than the full, unfolded broadsheet spread. Some quote actual page size and others quote the "printed area" size. The two versions of the broadsheet are: The broadsheet, broadside , was used as a format for musical and popular prints in the 17th century. Eventually, people began using the broadsheet as a source for political activism by reprinting speeches. Broadsheet newspapers developed in Britain after

1092-686: The government. A controlling stake in Izvestia was purchased by state-owned Gazprom on 3 June 2005, and included in the Gazprom Media holding. According to the allegations of the Committee to Protect Journalists , Raf Shakirov, editor-in-chief of Izvestia , was forced to resign because the government officials did not like the paper's coverage of the Beslan school hostage crisis . Other sources informed that Potanin had asked him to leave for fear

1131-463: The newspapers, across the business. The Boston Globe and USA Today shifted to a 50-inch (130 cm) web in 2000. The Guardian adopted a smaller "Berliner" format in 2005. A 48-inch (120 cm) web with 12-inch (30 cm) page widths was adopted by The Wall Street Journal starting on January 2, 2007. The New York Times followed suit on August 6, 2007. In 2009, The Seattle Times moved from 50-inch (130 cm) web to

1170-420: The press owner might also purchase newsprint from the mill for such contract printing jobs. For the roughly 20% of demand which is not purchased by a daily newspaper, common end uses include the printing of weekly newspapers, advertising flyers and other printed products, generally by a commercial printer, a company whose business consists largely of printing products for other companies using its presses. In such

1209-505: The rapid economic expansion of such Asian countries as China and India greatly benefited the print newspaper, and thus their newsprint suppliers. According to the World Association of Newspapers, in 2007 Asia was the home to 74 of the world's 100 highest-circulation dailies. With millions of Chinese and Indians entering the ranks of those with disposable income, newspapers have gained readers along with other news media. Newsprint

Izvestia - Misplaced Pages Continue

1248-411: The required pressure. I entertain an opinion that our common forest trees, either hard or soft wood, but more especially the fir, spruce, or poplar, on account of the fibrous quality of their wood, might easily be reduced by a chafing machine, and manufactured into paper of the finest kind. This opinion, Sirs, I think the experiment will justify, and leaving it to be prosecuted further by the scientific, or

1287-476: The same content. The Times did likewise, but with less apparent success, with readers vocally opposing the change. The Independent ceased to be available in broadsheet format in May 2004, and The Times followed suit from November 2004; The Scotsman is also now published only in tabloid format. The Guardian switched to the "Berliner" or "midi" format found in some other European countries (slightly larger than

1326-466: The sample which I have sent you, Gentlemen—you will perceive the feasibility of it. The enclosed, which is as firm in its texture as white, and to all appearance as durable as the common wrapping paper made from hemp, Cotton, or the ordinary materials of manufacture is actually composed of spruce wood , reduced to a pulp, and subjected to the same treatment as paper is in course of being made, only with this exception, viz: my insufficient means of giving it

1365-466: The size of a standard tabloid. Australian and New Zealand broadsheets always have a paper size of A1 per spread (841 by 594 mm or 33.1 by 23.4 in). South African broadsheet newspapers have a double-page spread sheet size of 820 by 578 mm (32.3 by 22.8 in) (single-page live print area of 380 x 545 mm). Others measure 22 in (560 mm) vertically. In the United States ,

1404-410: The traditional dimensions for the front page half of a broadsheet are 12 in (305 mm) wide by 22.75 in (578 mm) long. However, in efforts to save newsprint costs, many U.S. newspapers have downsized to 11 in (279 mm) wide by 21 in (533 mm) long for a folded page. Many rate cards and specification cards refer to the "broadsheet size" with dimensions representing

1443-433: The two sections). Modern printing facilities most efficiently print newspapers in multiples of eight pages on a full newsprint roll in two sections of four pages each. The two sections are then cut in half. Faced with dwindling revenue from competition with broadcast, cable, and internet outlets, U.S. newspapers in the 21st century—particularly broadsheets —have begun to reduce the width of their newsprint rolls, and hence of

1482-644: The verb izveshchat ("to inform", "to notify"). During the Soviet period, while Pravda served as the official mouthpiece of the Communist Party , Izvestia expressed the official views of the Soviet government as published by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Its full name was Izvestija Sovjetov Narodnyh Djeputatov SSSR (in Russian, Известия Советов народных депутатов СССР ,

1521-498: The world's newsprint is made with recycled fibers . There are upper limits on the percentage of the world's newsprint that can be manufactured from recycled fiber. For instance, some of the fiber that enters a recycled pulp mill is lost in pulping, due to inefficiencies inherent in the process. According to the web site of the U.K. chapter of Friends of the Earth, wood fiber can normally only be recycled up to five times due to damage to

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