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34-466: The change from JIEDDO to JIDA occurred when Deputy Defense Secretary Robert Work approved an organizational realignment of JIEDDO from a joint wartime activity to a combat support agency under the authority, direction and control of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics (USD(AT&L)). Under the 2016 Defense Authorization Act, DoD was directed to move JIDA to

68-497: A Director of Operations-Intelligence, a Director of Plans-Policy-Training, and a Director of Materiel Solutions. Under JIDO, there are three lines of effort - intelligence integration, rapid capability delivery, and whole of government/ communities of action support all supported by integrated training and synchronized operationally as capabilities are delivered to the CCMDs and their deployed US Joint forces. JIDO traces its origins to

102-428: A civilian , at least seven years removed from service as a commissioned officer on active-duty at the date of appointment. The current deputy secretary of defense is Kathleen Hicks , effective February 8, 2021. Hicks is the first woman to serve in this role. Public Law 81–36, April 2, 1949, originally established this position as the under secretary of defense , however Public Law 81-2 16, August 10, 1949, a.k.a.

136-587: A disc, all yellow. The dark gray shield denotes the unknown future of improvised threats and JIDO's role to anticipate the unknown. The terrestrial globe symbolizes the global nature of improvised threats and JIDO's area of responsibility supporting the worldwide deployment of U.S. warfighters in support of the Combatant Commanders. The chain encircling the globe suggests the interconnected communities of action necessary to contain enemy networks, defeat improvised threats and protect U.S. forces, while at

170-836: A master's degree in International Policy from the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University . Work's military service began while he was an undergraduate at the University of Illinois, where he was a member of the Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps . He was commissioned as a second lieutenant of the United States Marine Corps in September 1974. Work spent 27 years in

204-463: A military department or under an existing defense agency. DoD decided to reclassify JIDA as an organization under DTRA. On September 30, 2016, JIDA moved under DTRA and officially changed its name to JIDO to reflect the change from an Agency to an Organization. Operating under the direction, authority, and control of DTRA, JIDO consists of intelligence, operations, plans-policy, advanced IT, training integration, rapid RDTE, and ORSA divisions overseen by

238-671: A submarine could operate in the Taiwan Strait during a conflict with China. In 2013, the Center for a New American Security announced that Work would be their new CEO as of April 22, 2013. On February 7, 2014, President Obama nominated Work to become Deputy Secretary of Defense. In October 2014, Deputy Secretary Work instructed the Defense Business Board to hire consultants from McKinsey & Company to identify wasteful spending. McKinsey discovered DoD

272-459: A white disc edged yellow, a dark gray shield bearing a gray chain encircling a terrestrial globe Proper, surmounted throughout the center by a yellow horizontal motto scroll with the Latin inscription, “APTO AUT MORIOR,” which translates to “I Must Adapt or I Will Die” in dark purple. The scroll is between four lightning bolts diagonally placed, radiating from the center of the globe—two above, green to

306-650: Is a statutory office ( 10 U.S.C.   § 132 ) and the second-highest-ranking official in the Department of Defense of the United States of America. The deputy secretary is the principal civilian deputy to the secretary of defense , and is appointed by the president , with the advice and consent of the Senate . The deputy secretary, by statute, is designated as the DoD chief management officer and must be

340-749: The Navy Distinguished Public Service Medal , the Department of the Navy's highest award for civilians. At a farewell ceremony in the Pentagon's auditorium on January 13, 2017, outgoing Defense Secretary Carter pinned Work with the Department of Defense Medal for Distinguished Public Service , the Pentagon's highest award for a civilian. In December 2019 Work was presented with the Swedish Royal Order of

374-546: The U.S. Army 's Counter-IED Task Force established in 2003 under the leadership of U.S. Army Brigadier General Joseph Votel , to respond to the rapidly escalating IED threat at the outset of the Iraq War in 2003. In mid-2004, then-Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul D. Wolfowitz transformed the Army-led organization into a joint IED task force reporting directly to him. Remaining under the leadership of Brigadier General Votel,

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408-532: The United States Marine Corps ; Work retired in 2001 and worked as a civilian at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments (CSBA) and the George Washington University in various positions relating to military and strategic study. From 2013 to 2014, he was the CEO of the Center for a New American Security (CNAS). After his time as Deputy Secretary of Defense, he went on to serve on

442-653: The defense budget by Congress. Under Secretary Frank Kendall III argued that he could not achieve any efficiencies and, instead, that he needed to hire 1,000 more staff. Secretary Carter then replaced the board chairman, classified the McKinsey results as secret, and removed the report from public websites. When James Mattis became defense secretary in January 2017, he asked Work to remain as deputy in order to complete several tasks, including preparing an amendment for additional funding in fiscal year 2017 and preparing

476-557: The presidential transition of Barack Obama , Work was a member of the Department of Defense Transition Team, focusing on the transition at the United States Department of the Navy . President Barack Obama nominated Work as Under Secretary of the Navy and Work was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 19, 2009. Work has criticized former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld for assuming that

510-413: The secretary of defense and to exercise the powers of the secretary of defense on any and all matters for which the secretary is authorized to act pursuant to statute or executive order. The deputy secretary is first in the line of succession to the secretary of defense. The typical role of the deputy secretary of defense is to oversee the day-to-day business and lead the internal management processes of

544-482: The $ 500-billion-plus Department of Defense budget, that is as its chief operating officer ; while the secretary of defense as the chief executive officer focuses on the big issues of the day, ongoing military operations, high-profile congressional hearings, attending meetings of the National Security Council , and directly advising the president on defense issues. Prior to February 1, 2018,

578-475: The 1949 Amendments to the National Security Act of 1947 , changed the title to deputy secretary of defense. Former assistant to President Franklin D. Roosevelt , Stephen Early , became the first officer holder when he was sworn in on May 2, 1949. Public Law 92-596, October 27, 1972, established a second deputy secretary of defense position, with both deputies performing duties as prescribed by

612-638: The AI center in China is going to the Chinese government and then will ultimately end up in the hands of the Chinese military. I didn’t see any Google employee saying, ‘Hmm, maybe we shouldn't do that.'" Can the US compete with China? Not without strong patent rights. The Hill , (co-authored with Rama Elluru) United States Deputy Secretary of Defense The deputy secretary of defense ( acronym : DepSecDef )

646-808: The Army, dark blue for the Navy, ultramarine blue for the Air Force and scarlet for the Marine Corps. They represent each branch of service to which materiel and non-materiel capabilities and support are provided. As the mission changed and the capabilities of JIDO were codified, symbolism for this seal was carried from the Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization to the Joint Improvised-Threat Defeat Agency to

680-549: The Marines, holding a variety of positions. He commanded an artillery battery , then an artillery battalion . He rose to become base commander of Camp Fuji ; the first head of the Marine Corps' Strategic Initiatives Group, a small analytical group that provided advice directly to the Commandant of the Marine Corps ; and, in his highest military posting, as Military Assistant and Special Aide to United States Secretary of

714-580: The Navy Richard Danzig . In 1997–1998, he attended MIT Seminar XXI . Work's rank when he retired from the Marines in 2001 was colonel . He joined the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments (CSBA) as a senior fellow for maritime affairs. He later became the CSBA's vice president for strategic studies . He also took a position as an adjunct professor at George Washington University , teaching defense analysis and roles and missions of

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748-555: The Polar Star by defense minister Peter Hultqvist . After retiring as Deputy Defense Secretary, Work in 2018 criticized Google and its employees for, in his view, stepping into a moral hazard for themselves as not continuing Pentagon's artificial intelligence project while helping China's AI technology that could be used against the United States in a conflict. He described Google as hypocritical, given it has opened an AI center in China and said "[a]nything that’s going on in

782-713: The Secretary and the President. Traditionally, the deputy secretary has been the civilian official guiding the process of the Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR). The deputy secretary of defense chairs the Special Access Program Oversight Committee (SAPOC), which has oversight responsibilities and provides recommendations with respect to changes in status of the Department's Special Access Programs , for either

816-494: The United States would always have an advantage in guided weapons and, as such, be able to quickly defeat any foe. In July 2011, Work called into question the navy's plans for the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II , asking if the numbers or types could be reduced in favor of more unmanned systems. In 2012, after submitting a budget request that reduced submarine construction, Work said that only

850-547: The armed forces. During this period, Work wrote and spoke extensively on naval and marine strategy. He also directed and analyzed war games for the Office of Net Assessment and for the Office of the Secretary of Defense . He participated in the Quadrennial Defense Review in 2006. Work's work has focused on defense strategy; proposals to restructure the Department of Defense; and maritime affairs. During

884-903: The board of Raytheon . As of October 2023, he serves on the Special Competitive Studies Project 's board of advisors. Work was born in Charlotte, North Carolina . He attended the University of Illinois and earned a B.S. in Biology . Work later earned an M.S. in Systems Management from the University of Southern California ; an M.S. in Space System Operations from the Naval Postgraduate School ; and

918-547: The current organization. Robert Work Robert Orton Work (born January 17, 1953 ) is an American national security professional who served as the 32nd United States Deputy Secretary of Defense for both the Obama and Trump administrations from 2014 to 2017. Prior to that, Work was the United States Under Secretary of the Navy from 2009 to 2013, and before that served as a colonel in

952-611: The deputy secretary of defense also served as the department's chief management officer, to whom the deputy chief management officer reported, but those responsibilities were split into a new chief management officer of the Department of Defense position (disestablished on 1 January 2021). The deputy secretary, among the office's many responsibilities, chairs the Senior Level Review Group (SLRG), before 2005 known as Defense Resources Board (DRB), which provides department-wide budgetary allocation recommendations to

986-600: The fiscal year 2018 budget for submittal in May 2017. This may have marked the first time in history when the top three posts at the Pentagon – secretary, deputy secretary, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs – were held by Marines . From 2019 to 2021, Work co-chaired the National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence with Eric Schmidt . On March 21, 2013, Robert Work was presented with

1020-466: The left and red to the right and two below, dark blue to the lower left and blue to the lower right. Resting on top of the shield, an American bald eagle Proper, wings displayed horizontally, grasping three crossed yellow arrows and bearing on its breast a shield blazoned as follows: Argent, a paly of six Gules, a chief Azure; all within a dark purple designation band double-edged yellow, inscribed above, “JOINT IMPROVISED-THREAT DEFEAT ORGANIZATION” and below,

1054-838: The once-small group could now leverage experience and expertise of warfighters across the services, enhance its networks attack focus, increase procurement of device-defeat tools, and build a robust set of IED-specific force training operations. As the IED threat in Iraq continued to escalate, a Deputy's Advisory Working Group convened in December 2005 and recommended the creation of a permanent organization. On February 14, 2006, then-Deputy Secretary of Defense, Gordon England signed Department of Defense Directive 2000.19E, establishing JIEDDO. U.S. Army General Montgomery C. Meigs served as JIEDDO's first director. JIEDDO directors JIDO Director Currently

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1088-500: The same time fighting interconnected threat networks. The war eagle, adapted from the Department of Defense seal, denotes JIDO's relationship under the authority, direction and control of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency as a combat support agency. The dark purple suggests the joint nature of this mission. The lightning bolts indicate speed and accuracy of rapid capability delivery to U.S. forces—green for

1122-426: The secretary of defense. The second deputy position was not filled until December 1975. Robert Ellsworth , serving from December 23, 1975, until January 10, 1977, was the only one to ever hold that office. Public Law 95-140, October 21, 1977, established two Under Secretaries of Defense and abolished the second deputy position. By delegation, the deputy secretary of defense has full power and authority to act for

1156-519: Was spending $ 134 billion, 23% of its total budget, on back-office work, and that the back-office bureaucracy staff of over one million people was nearly as great as the number of active duty troops. On January 22, 2015, the board then voted to recommend adoption of McKinsey's five-year plan to cut $ 125 billion in waste. However, after Secretary Chuck Hagel was replaced by Ash Carter the next month, Deputy Secretary Work expressed his concerns that any gain from savings achieved would then be removed from

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