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101-483: With assistance from the internationally renowned animal behaviourist and naturalist, George Schaller , the Chang Tang Nature Reserve was originally established by the government of Tibet Autonomous Region in 1993 to protect its fragile ecosystem. The reserve spans the vast and sparsely inhabited northern Tibetan Changtang plateau. The reserve had since been expanded over time. It was upgraded to

202-741: A census-designated place within unincorporated Santa Clara County , although some of the university land (such as the Stanford Shopping Center and the Stanford Research Park ) is within the city limits of Palo Alto . The campus also includes much land in unincorporated San Mateo County (including the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve ), as well as in

303-404: A coeducational and non-denominational institution. It struggled financially after Leland died in 1893 and again after much of the campus was damaged by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake . Following World War II , university provost Frederick Terman inspired an entrepreneurial culture to build a self-sufficient local industry (later Silicon Valley ). In 1951, the Stanford Research Park

404-608: A forest -dwelling bovine in Laos . Later that year, Schaller rediscovered the Vietnamese warty pig , once thought extinct. In 1996, he located a herd of Tibetan red deer , also thought extinct. In 2003, Schaller returned to Chang Tang, and found the wildlife in the area had rebounded since his first trip to the region. Most significantly, the wild yak population, which was estimated at only 13 individuals, had grown to over 187. "The Tibet Forestry Department has obviously made

505-654: A "National Protected Area" in April 2000 by the Chinese Government. It is currently listed as an IUCN Category: VI - Managed Resource Protected Area. The Changtang ( Tibetan for "Northern plain") is a massive high-altitude plateau stretching from Ladakh in India, across northern Tibet into Qinghai Province , and north into the Nanshan mountains of Xinjiang Province . The Chang Tang Nature Reserve includes most of

606-437: A GPA of 3.94 or higher. Admissions officials consider a student's grade point average to be an important academic factor, with emphasis on an applicant's high school class rank and letters of recommendation. In terms of non-academic materials as of 2019, Stanford ranks extracurricular activities, talent/ability and character/personal qualities as 'very important' in making first-time, first-year admission decisions, while ranking

707-588: A common measure of low-income students at a college. In 2022, Stanford started its first dual-enrollment computer science program for high school students from low-income communities, as a pilot project which then inspired the founding of the Qualia Global Scholars Program. Stanford plans to expand the program to include courses in Structured Liberal Education and writing. Stanford follows a quarter system with

808-584: A competing company, Fairchild Semiconductor . The presence of so many high-tech and semiconductor firms helped to establish Stanford and the mid- Peninsula as a hotbed of innovation, eventually named Silicon Valley after the key ingredient in transistors. Shockley and Terman are both often described as the "fathers of Silicon Valley". In the 1950s, Stanford intentionally reduced and restricted Jewish admissions, and for decades, denied and dismissed claims from students, parents, and alumni that they were doing so. Stanford issued its first institutional apology to

909-589: A dedicated and successful effort in protecting the wildlife." Schaller wrote in a letter to the World Wildlife Fund 's Dawa Cering. While in Tibet, Schaller worked on researching the rare Tibetan antelope , or chiru, whose population declined due to trophy hunting for their exotic wool. Working with Tibetan authorities, and the Liz Claiborne and Art Ortenberg Foundation, Schaller helped protect

1010-555: A gorilla's eyes – intelligent, gentle, vulnerable – can remain unchanged, for the gap between ape and human vanishes; we know that the gorilla still lives within us. Do gorillas also recognize this ancient connection? In 1963-4, Schaller and his wife were in Kanha National Park, India where they studied tigers. In 1966, Schaller and his wife traveled to Tanzania to live in the Serengeti , and Schaller conducted one of

1111-597: A master's degree as a 1-to-2-year extension of their undergraduate program. In 2010, 15% of undergraduates were first-generation students. By 2013, 89% of undergraduate students lived in on-campus university housing. First-year undergraduates are required to live on campus, and all undergraduates are guaranteed housing for all four undergraduate years. Undergraduates live in 80 different houses, including dormitories, co-ops, row houses , and fraternities and sororities . At Manzanita Park, 118 mobile homes were installed as "temporary" housing from 1969 to 1991, but have become

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1212-462: A meditation not only on the fate of the species but on the politics of conservation more broadly. In 1988, Schaller and his wife traveled to China's Chang Tang (Qiang Tang) region to study the Tibetan antelope , or chiru , and became one of the first westerners permitted to enter the remote region. In 1994, Schaller and Dr. Alan Rabinowitz were the first scientists to uncover the rare saola ,

1313-646: A memorial to their only child. The center's collection of works by Rodin is among the largest in the world. The Thomas Welton Stanford Gallery, which was built in 1917, serves as a teaching resource for the Department of Art & Art History as well as an exhibition venue. In 2014, Stanford opened the Anderson Collection, a new museum focused on postwar American art and founded by the donation of 121 works by food service moguls Mary and Harry Anderson . There are outdoor art installations throughout

1414-464: A national competition as a memorial for two brothers in the class of 1949, William White and John White II, one of whom died before graduating and one shortly after in 1952. Stanford is a private, non-profit university administered as a corporate trust governed by a privately appointed board of trustees with a maximum membership of 38. Trustees serve five-year terms (not more than two consecutive terms) and meet five times annually. A new trustee

1515-643: A new mascot (Indian). The Indian symbol and name were dropped by President Richard Lyman in 1972, after objections from Native American students and a vote by the student senate. Stanford is a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference in most sports, the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation in several other sports, and the America East Conference in field hockey with the participation in

1616-541: A professional law school starting in 1908 and received accreditation from the American Bar Association in 1923. The Stanford University Graduate School of Education grew out of the Department of the History and Art of Education, one of the original twenty-one departments at Stanford, and became a professional graduate school in 1917. The Stanford Graduate School of Business was founded in 1925 at

1717-555: A snow leopard in Nepal between 1950 and 1978. Accompanying him on the trip was Matthiessen, and as a result of the trip, Matthiessen wrote The Snow Leopard , (1978) detailing the accounts of their travels and research, which won two U.S. National Book Awards . Schaller is referred to throughout the book as "GS". In the late 1970s, Schaller spent time in Brazil studying the jaguar , capybara , "alligator" ( caiman ), and other animals of

1818-620: A teen. He is vice president of Panthera Corporation and serves as chairman of their Cat Advisory Council. Schaller is also a senior conservationist at the Bronx Zoo -based Wildlife Conservation Society . Schaller was born in Berlin, Germany. He received his Bachelor of Biological Science degree from the University of Alaska in 1955, and went on to the University of Wisconsin–Madison to obtain his PhD in 1962. From 1962 to 1963, he

1919-403: A unique pipeline of mega-donors including from alumni-founded companies with Google ( Sergey Brin and Larry Page ), Nike ( Phil Knight ), Hewlett-Packard ( David Packard and Bill Hewlett ), and Sun Microsystems ( Vinod Kohsla ) as examples. Further, the university's global reputation and continued leadership in technology has attracted large donations from prominent figures such as

2020-510: Is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". Students compete in 36 varsity sports, and the university is one of eight private institutions in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). Stanford has won 131 NCAA team championships, and was awarded the NACDA Directors' Cup for 25 consecutive years, beginning in 1994. Students and alumni have won 302 Olympic medals (including 153 gold) . The university

2121-738: Is a research center based on history of 20th-century. Stanford University Libraries (SUL) held a collection of more than 9.3 million volumes, nearly 300,000 rare or special books, 1.5 million e-books, 2.5 million audiovisual materials, 77,000 serials, nearly 6 million microform holdings, and thousands of other digital resources. The main library in the SU library system is the Green Library , which also contains various meeting and conference rooms, study spaces, and reading rooms. Lathrop Library (previously Meyer Library , demolished in 2015), holds various student-accessible media resources and houses one of

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2222-515: Is also consistently been amongst the two most selective law schools in the world and consistently ranked 1st in the list of best law schools year-over-year consecutively for 2024 in U.S. News & World Report . In a 2022 survey by The Princeton Review , Stanford was ranked 1st among the top ten "dream colleges" of America, and was considered to be the ultimate "dream college" of both students and parents. From polls of college applicants done by The Princeton Review , every year from 2013 to 2020

2323-1627: Is also one all-female non-sorority house, Roth House. In most residences, men and women live on the same floor, but some have single-gender floors. Several residences are considered "theme" houses; predating the current classification system are Columbae (Social Change Through Nonviolence, since 1970), and Synergy (Exploring Alternatives, since 1972). The Academic, Language, and Culture Houses include EAST (Education and Society Themed House), Hammarskjöld (International Themed House), Haus Mitteleuropa (Central European Themed House), La Casa Italiana (Italian Language and Culture), La Maison Française (French Language and Culture House), Slavianskii Dom (Slavic/East European Themed House), Storey (Human Biology Themed House), and Yost (Spanish Language and Culture). Cross-Cultural Themed Houses include Casa Zapata (Chicano/Latino Theme in Stern Hall), Muwekma-tah-ruk (American Indian/Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Themed House), Okada (Asian-American Themed House in Wilbur Hall), and Ujamaa (Black/African-American Themed House in Lagunita Court). Focus Houses include Freshman-Sophomore College (Academic Focus), Branner Hall (Community Service), Kimball (Arts & Performing Arts), Crothers (Global Citizenship), and Toyon (Sophomore Priority). Co-ops or "Self-Ops" are another housing option. These houses feature cooperative living, where residents and eating associates each contribute work to keep

2424-583: Is associated with 74 living billionaires , 58 Nobel laureates , 33 MacArthur Fellows , 29 Turing Award winners, as well as 7 Wolf Foundation Prize recipients, 2 Supreme Court Justices of the United States, and 4 Pulitzer Prize winners. Additionally, its alumni include many Fulbright Scholars , Marshall Scholars , Gates Cambridge Scholars , Rhodes Scholars , and members of the United States Congress . Stanford University

2525-553: Is chosen by the current trustees by ballot. The Stanford trustees also oversee the Stanford Research Park , the Stanford Shopping Center , the Cantor Center for Visual Arts , Stanford University Medical Center , and many associated medical facilities (including the Lucile Packard Children's Hospital ). The board appoints a president to serve as the chief executive officer of the university, to prescribe

2626-435: Is considered the finest known, and is smuggled, especially to Kashmir , India where it is woven into shahtoosh shawls. Predators include snow leopards ( Panthera uncia or Uncia uncia ), Tibetan wolves ( Canis lupus filchneri ), Turkestan lynx ( Lynx lynx isabellinus ) and Tibetan blue bears ( Ursus arctos pruinosus ). At the bottom end of the food chain are large numbers of pika ( Ochotona spp.). The vegetation

2727-555: Is headed by a dean with the assistance of a senior associate dean and an associate dean. Stanford Memorial Church , in the center of campus, has a Sunday University Public Worship service (UPW) usually in the "Protestant Ecumenical Christian" tradition where the Memorial Church Choir sings and a sermon is preached usually by one of the Stanford deans for Religious Life. UPW sometimes has multifaith services. In addition,

2828-418: Is home to only a few Tibetan nomads and various park staff hired to prevent poaching. Here are some of the last remaining herds of wild ungulates : Wild yak ( Bos mutus ), Tibetan wild ass or kiang ( Equus kiang ), Himalayan blue sheep or Bharal ( Pseudois nayaur ), Argali ( Ovis ammon ), Tibetan gazelle ( Procapra picticaudata ) and Tibetan antelope or chiru ( Pantholops hodgsonii ). Chiru wool

2929-850: Is home to the Martin Luther King Jr. Research and Education Institute, which grew out of and still contains the Martin Luther King Jr. Papers Project, a collaboration with the King Center to publish the King papers held by the King Center. It also runs the John S. Knight Fellowship for Professional Journalists and the Center for Ocean Solutions, which brings together marine science and policy to address challenges facing

3030-573: Is one of a few prominent scientists who argue that Bigfoot reports are worthy of serious study. A 2003 Los Angeles Times story described Schaller as a "Bigfoot skeptic ", but he also expressed disapproval for other scientists who do not examine evidence, yet "write [Bigfoot] off as a hoax or myth . I don't think that's fair." In a 2003 Denver Post article Schaller said that he is troubled that no Bigfoot remains have ever been uncovered, and no feces samples have been found to allow DNA testing. Schaller notes: "There have been so many sightings over

3131-630: Is one of the most successful universities worldwide in creating companies and licensing its inventions to existing companies, and it is often considered the model for technology transfer . Stanford's Office of Technology Licensing is responsible for commercializing university research, intellectual property, and university-developed projects. The university is described as having a strong venture culture in which students are encouraged, and often funded , to launch their own companies. Companies founded by Stanford alumni generate more than $ 2.7 trillion in annual revenue and have created some 5.4 million jobs since

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3232-527: Is open shrubland and grasslands mainly dominated by Stipa grasses and Kobresia species ("bog sedges"). George Schaller George Beals Schaller (born 26 May 1933 ) is an American mammalogist , biologist , conservationist and author. Schaller is recognized by many as the world's preeminent field biologist , studying wildlife throughout Africa, Asia and South America. Born in Berlin, Schaller grew up in Germany, but moved to Missouri as

3333-461: Is the Stanford Band 's mascot and the unofficial mascot of Stanford University. Stanford's team name is the " Cardinal ", referring to the vivid Stanford Cardinal Red color (not the common songbird as at several other schools); the university does not have an official mascot. The Tree has been called one of America's most bizarre and controversial college mascots; it regularly appears at

3434-760: Is the student government for Stanford and all registered students are members. Its elected leadership consists of the Undergraduate Senate elected by the undergraduate students, the Graduate Student Council elected by the graduate students, and the President and Vice President elected as a ticket by the entire student body. Stanford is the beneficiary of a special clause in the California Constitution , which explicitly exempts Stanford property from taxation so long as

3535-821: Is widely considered one of the most prestigious universities in the world by leading sources including U.S. News & World Report , Times Higher Education , and QS World University Rankings . As noted in The Wall Street Journal 's 2024 rankings, "the usual players are almost always going to come out on top: The Princetons, the Stanfords, the Yales, the Harvards. They will jockey for those first few spots on whatever ranking you happen to be looking." In 2022, Washington Monthly ranked Stanford at 1st position in their annual list of top universities in

3636-428: Is within 100 of Stanford's total. Stanford have won 25 consecutive NACDA Directors' Cups, from 1994–1995 through to 2018–19, awarded annually to the most successful overall college sports program in the nation. 177 Stanford-affiliated athletes have won a total of 296 Summer Olympic medals (150 gold, 79 silver, 67 bronze), including 26 medals at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics and 27 medals at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympics. In

3737-523: The Quad were never restored. During the early-20th century, the university added four professional graduate schools. Stanford University School of Medicine was established in 1908 when the university acquired Cooper Medical College in San Francisco; it moved to the Stanford campus in 1959. The university's law department, established as an undergraduate curriculum in 1893, was transitioned into

3838-816: The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (originally the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center), the Stanford Research Institute (an independent institution which originated at the university), the Hoover Institution (a conservative think tank ), and the Hasso Plattner Institute of Design (a multidisciplinary design school in cooperation with the Hasso Plattner Institute of University of Potsdam that integrates product design, engineering, and business management education). Stanford

3939-500: The " Indian " name along with what they had come to perceive as an offensive and demeaning mascot. Stanford's teams reverted unofficially to the name "Cardinal", the color that had represented the school before 1930. From 1972 until 1981, Stanford’s official nickname was the Cardinal, but, during this time, there was debate among students and administrators concerning what the mascot and team name should be. A 1972 student referendum on

4040-418: The "Faculty Ghetto", within walking or biking distance of campus. The Faculty Ghetto is composed of land owned by Stanford. Similar to a condominium , the houses can be bought and sold to other Stanford faculty but the land under the houses is leased for 51 years with the possibility of extensions. Houses in the "Ghetto" appreciate and depreciate, but not as rapidly as overall Silicon Valley values. Some of

4141-409: The 1930s. When combined, these companies would form the tenth-largest economy in the world. Some notable companies closely associated with Stanford and their connections include: Stanford enrolled 6,996 undergraduate and 10,253 graduate students in the 2019–2020 school year. Women made up 50.4% of undergraduates and 41.5% of graduate students. In the same academic year, the freshman retention rate

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4242-480: The 1950s, he established Stanford Industrial Park , a high-tech commercial campus on university land. Also in the 1950s, William Shockley , co-inventor of the silicon transistor, recipient of the 1956 Nobel Prize for Physics , and later professor of physics at Stanford, moved to the Palo Alto area and founded a company, Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory . The next year, eight of his employees resigned and formed

4343-531: The 2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics, Stanford-affiliated athletes won 26 medals, more than any other university. Students and staff at Stanford are of many different religions. The Stanford Office for Religious Life's mission is "to guide, nurture and enhance spiritual, religious and ethical life within the Stanford University community" by promoting enriching dialogue, meaningful ritual, and enduring friendships among people of all religious backgrounds. It

4444-613: The Center for Field Biology and Conservation, which replaced the IRAB. He then served as director of the New York Zoological Society 's International Conservation Program from 1979 to 1988. In 1959, when Schaller was only 26, he traveled to Central Africa to study and live with the mountain gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei ) of the Virunga Volcanoes . Little was known about the life of gorillas in

4545-693: The Chang Tang Nature Reserve have been added in recent years: In addition, there are two more proposed reserves on the borders of the Chang Tang Nature Reserve: to the south of the Kekexili Reserve, and to the west of the Mid-Kunlun Reserve. If these proposed new reserves are established, the vast majority of the range of the Chiru , and almost all the spring migration routes of the female Chiru will be protected. It

4646-575: The Chinese portion of the plateau. As the highest nature reserve in the world, the Chang Tang has an average altitude over 4,800 metres (16,000 feet) with "high rolling hills, and plains interspersed by mountains over 20,000 feet [6,000 metres] high." It is extremely cold in winter with temperatures dropping to minus 40 degrees at night. Travel is easier in the winter because summer can be very wet and vehicles get bogged easily. New reserves bordering

4747-665: The Dish . Frank Lloyd Wright 's 1937 Hanna–Honeycomb House and the 1919 Lou Henry Hoover House are both listed on the National Register of Historic Places . White Memorial Fountain (also known as "The Claw") between the Stanford Bookstore and the Old Union is a popular place to meet and to engage in the Stanford custom of "fountain hopping"; it was installed in 1964 and designed by Aristides Demetrios after

4848-502: The Jewish community in 2022 after an internal task force confirmed that the university deliberately discriminated against Jewish applicants, while also misleading those who expressed concerns, including students, parents, alumni, and the ADL . Stanford was once considered a school for "the wealthy", but controversies in later decades damaged its reputation. The 1971 Stanford prison experiment

4949-562: The Shey-Phoksundo National Park in Nepal, and the Changtang Nature Reserve , one of the world's most significant wildlife refuges. At over 200,000 miles (320,000 km), the Chang Tang Nature Reserve is triple the size of America's largest wildlife refuge, and was called "One of the most ambitious attempts to arrest the shrinkage of natural ecosystems", by The New York Times . Schaller

5050-919: The Stanford Improvisors, the Stanford Shakespeare Company, and the Stanford Savoyards, a group dedicated to performing the works of Gilbert and Sullivan . Stanford is also host to ten a cappella groups , including the Mendicants (Stanford's first), Counterpoint (the first all-female group on the West Coast ), the Harmonics , the Stanford Fleet Street Singers , Talisman , Everyday People , and Raagapella . Stanford

5151-555: The United States. In 2019, Stanford University took 1st place on Reuters' list of the World's Most Innovative Universities for the fifth consecutive year. Stanford Graduate School of Business has consistently been both the most selective business school in the world and consistently ranked 1st in the list of best business schools year-over-year consecutively by various reputed studies including Bloomberg Businessweek and U.S. News & World Report for 2024. Stanford Law School

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5252-751: The Wildlife Conservation Society's Beebe Fellowship. Schaller's literary honors include the U.S. National Book Award in Science (for The Serengeti Lion in 1973). In 1988, Schaller received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement . In September 2008, he received the Indianapolis Prize for his work in animal conservation. In 2017, a newly discovered species of scorpion

5353-555: The age of 93. The couple had two sons. Stanford University Stanford University (officially Leland Stanford Junior University ) is a private research university in Stanford, California , United States. It was founded in 1885 by railroad magnate Leland Stanford , the eighth governor of and then-incumbent senator from California , and his wife, Jane , in memory of their only child, Leland Jr . The university admitted its first students in 1891, opening as

5454-455: The annual " Big Game " between the Cal and Cardinal football teams gains custody of the Stanford Axe . As of May 23, 2024, Stanford has won 136 NCAA team championships, more than any other school. Stanford has won at least one NCAA team championship each academic year for 48 consecutive years, from 1976–77 through to 2023–24. As of January 1, 2022, Stanford athletes have also won 529 NCAA individual championships. No other Division I school

5555-481: The autumn quarter usually beginning in late September and the spring quarter ending in mid-June. The full-time, four-year undergraduate program has arts and sciences focus with high graduate student coexistence. Stanford is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges with the latest review in 2023. Stanford is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity." The university's research expenditure in fiscal years of 2021/22

5656-436: The breeding and calving grounds of the chiru in the Kunlun mountains of Xinjiang Province. In 2007, Schaller worked with Pakistan , Afghanistan , Tajikistan , and China to develop a new "Peace Park", that would protect 20,000 miles (32,000 km) of habitat for the largest wild sheep species, the Marco Polo sheep . In danger due to their impressive spiral horns, which can measure up to 6 feet (1.8 m) in length,

5757-511: The brink of extinction. The American zoologist Dian Fossey , with assistance from the National Geographic Society and Louis Leakey , followed Schaller's ground-breaking field research on mountain gorillas in the Virungas. Schaller and Fossey were instrumental in dispelling the public perception of gorillas as brutes, by demonstrably establishing the deep compassion and social intelligence evident among gorillas, and how very closely their behavior parallels that of humans. No one who looks into

5858-408: The campus, primarily sculptures, but some murals as well. The Papua New Guinea Sculpture Garden near Roble Hall features wood carvings and " totem poles ." The Stanford music department sponsors many ensembles, including five choirs, the Stanford Symphony Orchestra, Stanford Taiko , and the Stanford Wind Ensemble. Extracurricular activities include theater groups such as Ram's Head Theatrical Society,

5959-534: The city limits of Menlo Park (Stanford Hills neighborhood), Woodside , and Portola Valley . The central campus includes a seasonal lake ( Lake Lagunita , an irrigation reservoir), home to the vulnerable California tiger salamander . As of 2012, Lake Lagunita was often dry and the university had no plans to artificially fill it. Heavy rains in January 2023 refilled Lake Lagunita to up to 8 feet of depth. Two other reservoirs, Searsville Lake on San Francisquito Creek and Felt Lake, are on more remote sections of

6060-513: The co-founder of Netscape ( Jim Clark ), founder of SAP SE ( Hasso Plattner ), co-founder of Andreessen Horowitz ( Marc Andreessen and Laura Arillaga-Andreessen ), chairman of Kleiner Perkins ( John Doerr and his wife Ann). Stanford is considered by US News to be 'most selective' with an acceptance rate of 4%, one of the lowest among US universities. Half of the applicants accepted to Stanford have an SAT score between 1440 and 1570 or an ACT score between 32 and 35, typically with

6161-418: The continued existence of the university was put in jeopardy due to a federal lawsuit against his estate, but Jane Stanford insisted the university remain in operation throughout the financial crisis. The university suffered major damage from the 1906 San Francisco earthquake ; most of the damage was repaired, but a new library and gymnasium were demolished, and some original features of Memorial Church and

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6262-404: The duties of professors and course of study, to manage financial and business affairs, and to appoint nine vice presidents. Richard Saller became the interim president in September 2023. On April 4, 2024, the board of trustees announced that Jonathan Levin would become the thirteenth president on August 1, 2024. The provost is the chief academic and budget officer, to whom the deans of each of

6363-456: The endowment covered approximately 22% of university expenses in the 2023 fiscal year. Since inception, the university has been the beneficiary of large donations. The endowment began in 1885, six years before the opening of the university, when Leland Stanford and his wife Jane conveyed approximately $ 20 million to the university. The university's pioneering of technology intellectual property transfer created both direct investments and enabled

6464-421: The faculty are vested in the Academic Council, which is made up of tenure and non-tenure line faculty, research faculty, senior fellows in some policy centers and institutes, the president of the university, and some other academic administrators. But most matters are handled by the Faculty Senate, made up of 54 elected representatives of the faculty for 2021. The Associated Students of Stanford University (ASSU)

6565-540: The first studies of social behavior and movement of Africa's big cats. Schaller appeared as himself on the December 6, 1965 episode of the CBS gameshow To Tell the Truth . In his 1972 work The Tree Where Man Was Born , author Peter Matthiessen described Schaller as "single-minded, not easy to know". Matthiessen went on to say Schaller was "a stern pragmatist" who "takes a hard-eyed look at almost everything", "lean and intent", and in 1978's The Snow Leopard Matthiessen wrote that by that time, some considered Schaller

6666-443: The first to make higher education accessible, non-sectarian, and open to women as well as men. Cornell is credited as one of the first American universities to adopt that radical departure from traditional education, and Stanford became an early adopter as well. From an architectural point of view, the Stanfords wanted their university to look different and sought to emulate the style of English university buildings. They specified in

6767-441: The founding grant that the buildings should "be like the old adobe houses of the early Spanish days; they will be one-storied; they will have deep window seats and open fireplaces, and the roofs will be covered with the familiar dark red tiles." The Stanfords also hired renowned landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted , who previously designed the Cornell campus, to design the Stanford campus. When Leland Stanford died in 1893,

6868-422: The founding grant. The central campus is adjacent to Palo Alto, bounded by El Camino Real , Stanford Avenue, Junipero Serra Blvd, and Sand Hill Road , off State Route 82 . The United States Postal Service has assigned it two ZIP Codes : 94305 for campus mail and 94309 for P.O. box mail. It lies within area code 650 . On the founding grant: Off the founding grant: Many Stanford faculty members live in

6969-431: The golf course can also be used by the general public. Contemporary campus landmarks include the Main Quad and Memorial Church , the Cantor Center for Visual Arts and the Bing Concert Hall , the Stanford Mausoleum with the nearby Angel of Grief , Hoover Tower , the Rodin Sculpture Garden, the Papua New Guinea Sculpture Garden , the Arizona Cactus Garden , the Stanford University Arboretum , Green Library and

7070-409: The house running, such as cooking meals or cleaning shared spaces. These houses have unique themes around which their community is centered. Many co-ops are hubs of music, art and philosophy. The co-ops on campus are 576 Alvarado Row (formerly Chi Theta Chi), Columbae, Enchanted Broccoli Forest (EBF), Hammarskjöld, Kairos, Terra (the unofficial LGBT house), and Synergy. Phi Sigma, at 1018 Campus Drive

7171-492: The inter-collegiate NCAA's Division I FBS . The two official colors of the university are Stanford Cardinal Red and Palo Alto Green . From 1930 until 1972, Stanford's sports teams had been known as the Indians and during the period from 1951 to 1972, Prince Lightfoot (portrayed by Timm Williams, a member of the Yurok tribe ) was the official mascot. But in 1972, Native American students and staff members successfully lobbied University President Richard Lyman to abolish

7272-511: The interview, whether the applicant is a first-generation university applicant, legacy preferences , volunteer work and work experience as 'considered'. Of those students accepted to Stanford's Class of 2026, 1,736 chose to attend, of which 21% were first-generation college students. Stanford's admission process is need-blind for U.S. citizens and permanent residents; while it is not need-blind for international students, 64% are on need-based aid, with an average aid package of $ 31,411. In 2012,

7373-850: The issue was in favor of restoring the Indian, while a second 1975 referendum was against. The 1975 vote included new suggestions, many alluding to the industry of the school's founder, tycoon Leland Stanford : the Robber Barons , the Sequoias, the Trees, the Cardinals, the Railroaders, the Spikes, and the Huns. Its traditional sports rival is the University of California, Berkeley . The winner of

7474-654: The land is managed to provide revenue for the university such as the Stanford Shopping Center and the Stanford Research Park . Stanford land is also leased for a token rent by the Palo Alto Unified School District for several schools including Palo Alto High School and Gunn High School . El Camino Park, the oldest Palo Alto city park, is also on Stanford land. Stanford also has the Stanford Golf Course, and Stanford Red Barn Equestrian Center, used by Stanford athletics though

7575-408: The largest East Asia collections with 540,000 volumes. Stanford University Press , founded in 1892, published about 130 books per year has printed more than 3,000 books. It also has fifteen subject areas. Stanford is home to the Cantor Center for Visual Arts , a museum with twenty-four galleries, sculpture gardens, terraces, and a courtyard first established in 1891 by Jane and Leland Stanford as

7676-670: The largest in the United States. It is on the San Francisco Peninsula , in the northwest part of the Santa Clara Valley ( Silicon Valley ) approximately 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles (30 km) northwest of San Jose . Stanford received $ 4.5 billion in 2006 and spent more than $ 2.1 billion in Santa Clara and San Mateo counties. In 2008, 60% of this land remained undeveloped. Stanford's main campus includes

7777-499: The most commonly named "dream college" for students was Stanford; separately, parents, too, most frequently named Stanford their ultimate "dream college." The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) ranked Stanford second in the world (after Harvard) most years from 2003 to 2020. Times Higher Education recognizes Stanford as one of the world's "six super brands" on its World Reputation Rankings , along with Berkeley , Cambridge , Harvard , MIT , and Oxford . Stanford

7878-468: The notion that the panda population was declining due to natural bamboo die-offs. Instead, Schaller found the panda's popularity was leading to its frequent capture, and was the biggest threat to the population. Schaller also found evidence that pandas were originally carnivores , but underwent an evolutionary change to accommodate a diet of bamboo , which is difficult to digest, reducing competition with other animals for food. Since Schaller's research,

7979-636: The ocean. It focuses on five points: climate change, overfishing, coastal development, pollution, and plastics. Together with UC Berkeley and UC San Francisco , Stanford is part of the Biohub , a new medical science research center founded in 2016 by a $ 600 million commitment from Facebook CEO and founder Mark Zuckerberg and pediatrician Priscilla Chan . This medical research center is working for designing advanced-level health care units. By 2014, Stanford University Libraries (SUL) had twenty-four libraries in total. The Hoover Institution Library and Archives

8080-519: The panda population has increased in the wild by 45 percent. During his time in China, Schaller would hand out cards to wildlife hunters that read: "All beings tremble at punishment, to all, life is dear. Comparing others to oneself, one should neither kill nor cause to kill." Schaller has spent more time in China than he has spent at his home in Connecticut. In 1993, Schaller wrote The Last Panda ,

8181-499: The property is used for educational purposes. Stanford's endowment includes real estate and other investments valued at $ 36.5 billion as of August 2023, and is one of the four largest academic endowments in the United States. The endowment consists of $ 29.9 billion in a merged pool of assets and $ 6.6 billion of real estate near the main campus. Stanford is the largest landowner in the Silicon Valley Payouts from

8282-681: The region. In 1980, as part of a cooperative project between the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and China, Schaller carried out field research on the giant panda in the Wolong Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province. He was the first Westerner to do so since before the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, and he co-authored the resulting monograph, The Giant Pandas of Wolong . Schaller sought to refute

8383-584: The seven schools report. Jenny Martinez became the fourteenth provost in October 2023. The university is organized into seven academic schools. The schools of Humanities and Sciences (twenty-seven departments), Engineering (nine departments), and Sustainability (nine departments) have both graduate and undergraduate programs while the Schools of Law , Medicine , Education , and Business have graduate programs only. The powers and authority of

8484-792: The sheep is sought out as a trophy by international hunters. Schaller's research in the Pamir Mountains will play an important role in the park's creation. Schaller's work in conservation has resulted in the protection of large stretches of area in the Amazon , Brazil , the Hindu Kush in Pakistan, and forests in Southeast Asia. Due in part to Schaller's work, over 20 parks or preserves worldwide have been established, including Alaska 's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR),

8585-507: The site of newer dorms Castano, Kimball, Lantana, and the Humanities House, completed in 2015. Most student residences are just outside the campus core, within ten minutes (on foot or bike) of most classrooms and libraries. Some are reserved for freshmen, sophomores, or upper-class students and some are open to all four classes. Most residences are co-ed; seven are all-male fraternities , three are all-female sororities , and there

8686-559: The time as related directly to the university's defense contracts..." Wallace Sterling was the President from 1949 to 1968 and he oversaw the growth of Stanford from a financially troubled regional university to a financially sound, internationally recognized academic powerhouse, "the Harvard of the West". Achievements during Sterling's tenure included: Most of Stanford is on an 8,180-acre (12.8 sq mi; 33.1 km ) campus, one of

8787-592: The top of Internet "worst mascot" lists, but has also appeared on at least one list of top mascots. The Tree is a member of the Leland Stanford Junior University Marching Band (LSJUMB) and appears at football games, basketball games, and other events where the band performs. In 1930, following a unanimous vote by the executive committee for the Associated Students, the athletic department adopted

8888-559: The university awarded $ 126 million in need-based financial aid to 3,485 students, with an average aid package of $ 40,460. Eighty percent of students receive some form of financial aid. Stanford has a no-loan policy. For undergraduates admitted starting in 2015, Stanford waives tuition, room, and board for most families with incomes below $ 65,000, and most families with incomes below $ 125,000 are not required to pay tuition; those with incomes up to $ 150,000 may have tuition significantly reduced. Seventeen percent of students receive Pell Grants ,

8989-490: The urging of then-trustee Herbert Hoover . In 1919, The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace was started by Herbert Hoover to preserve artifacts related to World War I . The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , established in 1962, performs research in particle physics. In the 1940s and 1950s, Frederick Terman , an engineering professor who later became provost, encouraged Stanford engineering graduates to start their own companies and invent products. During

9090-610: The wild until the publication of The Mountain Gorilla: Ecology and Behavior in 1963, that first conveyed to the general public just how profoundly intelligent and gentle gorillas really are, contrary to then-common beliefs. Schaller also, in 1964, recounted this epic two-year study in The Year of the Gorilla , which also provides a broader historical perspective on the efforts to save one of humankind's nearest relatives from

9191-477: The world's finest field biologist. In the fall of 1973, Schaller went to the remote Himalayan region of Dolpo , an area of Nepal occupied by people of the Tibetan culture and ethnicity. Schaller was there to study the Himalayan Bharal , (blue sheep), and possibly glimpse the elusive snow leopard , an animal rarely spotted in the wild. Schaller is one of only two Westerners known to have seen

9292-555: The world. Schaller's conservation honors include National Geographic's Lifetime Achievement Award, a Guggenheim Fellowship , and the World Wildlife Fund 's Gold Medal for: " Contributions to the understanding and conservation of endangered species ". Schaller has also been awarded the International Cosmos Prize , the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement , and he was the first recipient of

9393-855: The years, even if you throw out 95 percent of them, there ought to be some explanation for the rest. I think a hard-eyed look is absolutely essential". Schaller has written more than fifteen books on African and Asian mammals , including Serengeti Lion: A Study of Predator – Prey Relations , The Last Panda , and Tibet's Hidden Wilderness , Tibet the Wild , based on his own studies, and supported by long-term observations of species in their natural habitats . Schaller has also written hundreds of magazine articles, and dozens of books and scientific articles about tigers , jaguars , cheetahs and leopards , as well as wild sheep and goats, rhinoceroses , and flamingos . Over more than five decades, Schaller's field research has helped shape wildlife protection efforts around

9494-624: Was $ 1.82 billion and the total number of sponsored projects was 7,900. By 2016, the Office of the Vice Provost and Dean of Research oversaw eighteen independent laboratories, centers, and institutes . Kathryn Ann Moler is the key person for leading those research centers for choosing problems, faculty members, and students. Funding is also provided for undergraduate and graduate students by those labs, centers, and institutes for collaborative research. Other Stanford-affiliated institutions include

9595-415: Was 99%. Stanford awarded 1,819 undergraduate degrees, 2,393 master's degrees, 770 doctoral degrees, and 3270 professional degrees in the 2018–2019 school year. The four-year graduation rate for the class of 2017 cohort was 72.9%, and the six-year rate was 94.4%. The relatively low four-year graduation rate is a function of the university's coterminal degree (or "coterm") program, which allows students to earn

9696-795: Was a fellow at the Behavioral Sciences department of Stanford University . From 1963 to 1966, Schaller served as research associate for the Johns Hopkins University pathobiology department, and from 1966 to 1972, served as the Rockefeller University 's and New York Zoological Society 's research associate in research and animal behavior as part of the Institute for Research in Animal Behavior. From 1972 to 1979, he served as coordinator of

9797-487: Was criticized as unethical, and the misuse of government funds from 1981 resulted in severe penalties for the school's research funding, and the resignation of President Donald Kennedy in 1992. In the 1960s, Stanford rose from a regional university to one of the most prestigious in the United States, "when it appeared on lists of the "top ten" universities in America... This swift rise to performance [was] understood at

9898-462: Was established in Palo Alto and is the world's first university research park. By 2021, the university had 2,288 tenure-line faculty, senior fellows, center fellows, and medical faculty on staff. The university is organized around seven schools of study on an 8,180-acre (3,310-hectare) campus, one of the largest in the nation. It houses the Hoover Institution , a public policy think tank , and

9999-580: Was formerly Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity, but in 1973 became a Self-Op. By 2015, 55 percent of the graduate student population lived on campus. Stanford also subsidizes off-campus apartments in nearby Palo Alto , Menlo Park , and Mountain View for graduate students who are guaranteed on-campus housing but are unable to live on campus due to a lack of space. In 2016, Stanford had sixteen male varsity sports and twenty female varsity sports, nineteen club sports, and about 27 intramural sports. The Stanford Tree

10100-639: Was founded in 1885 by Leland and Jane Stanford , dedicated to the memory of Leland Stanford Jr. , their only child. The institution opened in 1891 on Stanford's previous Palo Alto farm. The Stanfords modeled their university after the great Eastern universities, specifically Cornell University in Ithaca, New York . Stanford was referred to as the "Cornell of the West" in 1891 due to a majority of its faculty being former Cornell affiliates, including its first president, David Starr Jordan , and second president, John Casper Branner . Both Cornell and Stanford were among

10201-633: Was named as Liocheles schalleri in his honor. His wife Kay majored in Anthropology at the University of Alaska in Fairbanks, where she fell in love with George Schaller. They married in 1957 and Kay was an indispensable partner in life to her husband George for nearly seven decades where she assisted in fieldwork, edited and typed his manuscripts, and allowed him to pursue his passion for wildlife studies. Kay Schaller passed on March 7, 2023 at

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