15-425: • Adoption of the French Constitution of 1848 [REDACTED] French Second Republic [REDACTED] Louis-Eugène Cavaignac The June Days uprising ( French : les journées de Juin ) was an uprising staged by French civilians from 22 to 26 June 1848. It was in response to plans to close the National Workshops , created by the Second Republic in order to provide work and a minimal source of income for
30-776: A period of internal turmoil in France. The provisional government of the French Second Republic was declared after the abdication of the king in February, which immediately enacted democratic reforms such as universal male suffrage . To combat unemployment, the Second Republic funded the National Workshops , which provided jobs and wages, through new taxes applied to landowners. Higher taxes alienated land owners and peasants, who subsequently opposed
45-680: Is the constitution passed in France on 4 November 1848 by the National Assembly , the constituent body of the Second French Republic . It was repealed on 14 January 1852 by the constitution of 1852 which profoundly changed the face of the Second Republic and served as the basis for the Second French Empire . 16 delegates were chosen to debate the structure of the new constitution. Present among them,
60-567: The Faubourg Saint-Antoine , accompanied by M. Albert, of the national guard, who wore the dress of a workingman, and bore a green branch as a sign of peace, and by Tellier, a devoted servant. Very shortly after, shots were heard, and the insurgents hastily returned fire towards the National Guard, thinking they were betrayed, killing the archbishop in the cross fire. The Archbishop's public funeral occurred on 7 July. After
75-493: The constitution of 1852 which profoundly changed the face of the Second Republic and served as the basis for the Second French Empire . 16 delegates were chosen to debate the structure of the new constitution. Present among them, was Alexis de Tocqueville author of Democracy in America . The delegates debated two types of legislature power, unicameral and bicameral legislatures. Most arguments were given in support of
90-421: The executive power as well as prevent political passions from being exerted on the laws. [REDACTED] https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/French_Constitution_of_1848 French Constitution of 1848 The Constitution of 1848 is the constitution passed in France on 4 November 1848 by the National Assembly , the constituent body of the Second French Republic . It was repealed on 14 January 1852 by
105-527: The unemployed . The National Guard, led by General Louis-Eugène Cavaignac , was called out to quell the rebellion. Over 10,000 people were either killed or injured, while 4,000 insurgents were deported to French Algeria . The uprising marked the end of the hopes of a "Democratic and Social Republic" ( République démocratique et sociale ) and the victory of the liberals over the Radical Republicans . Louis Philippe 's July monarchy oversaw
120-460: The Workshops increased, and culminated into an uprising. In sections of the city, hundreds of barricades were built which blocked transportation and reduced mobility. The National Guard was called out to halt the riot, but this produced a clash between the guard and the protestors. Insurgents consisted of labourers who had built barricades out of broken stones. The strength of the National Guard
135-531: The constituent assembly. Ultimately, the conservatives closed down the National Workshops, a decision which sparked the June uprising. On 23 June, Comte de Falloux 's committee issued a decree stating that the Workshops would be closed in three days, and that although young men could join the army, provincials would have to return home or they could simply be dismissed. Outrage surrounding the closing of
150-649: The constitution was enacted, the 1848 French presidential election were held and Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte was elected. After three years in power, Bonaparte staged a coup d'état , extending his mandate for ten years; he went on to establish the Second French Empire . [REDACTED] This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Denis Auguste Affre". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company. [REDACTED] Media related to June Days Uprising at Wikimedia Commons French Constitution of 1848 The Constitution of 1848
165-652: The insurgents were crushed and arrested en masse , over 4,000 insurgents were deported to Algeria , and all hopes of a revolution were abandoned. Five months following the June Uprising, the French Constitution of 1848 was adopted, handing executive powers to the president with a 4-year term of office , allowing him to appoint Ministers and other high-ranking officials. The constitution also provided for an Assembly of 750 legislators, for which public elections would take place every three years. After
SECTION 10
#1732765283844180-533: The national workshops. As a result, these land taxes were flouted, leading to a financial crisis for the Second Republic. On 23 April 1848, a mainly moderate and conservative constituent assembly was elected, which was opposed by the Parisian public and radicals. Insurgents then invaded the assembly to prevent their democratic republic from being "eroded away". The invasion was quickly thwarted; however, it sparked fear in conservatives, who had gained majority seats in
195-512: Was Alexis de Tocqueville author of Democracy in America . The delegates debated two types of legislature power, unicameral and bicameral legislatures. Most arguments were given in support of a single legislative body. These included the belief that an additional house would only benefit an aristocracy in France . Also, many delegates believed that two houses would slow the pace of political progress happening in France. Tocqueville believed that two houses were necessary to prevent abuses by
210-462: Was Denis Auguste Affre , the Archbishop of Paris, who was killed during peace negotiations. The Archbishop was led to believe that his presence at the barricades might be the means of restoring peace. He accordingly applied to General Cavaignac, who warned him of the risk he was about to incur. Soon afterwards, the firing having ceased at his request, he appeared on the barricade at the entrance to
225-419: Was estimated to be over 40,000 guards; however, they were outnumbered by insurgents as they gained strength by recruiting citizens from their homes or forcing them to join. The insurgents also seized many armories to gather weaponry. By 26 June, the uprising was over, resulting in the death or injury of around 10,000 people, including the deaths of about 1,500 troops and about 3,000 insurgents. A notable casualty
#843156